Researchers at Kanazawa University have discovered that a baculovirus can completely eliminate liver-stage malaria parasites in mice. The study suggests a new approach to developing non-haemolytic single-dose alternative drugs for P. vivax treatment, potentially reducing the risk of infection and side effects.
A University of Pittsburgh professor has designed a microcapsule technology to capture CO2 emissions from power plant exhaust, potentially lowering costs and environmental impact. The system uses a common household item, baking soda, as a solvent, making it cheaper and safer than traditional methods.
Researchers have mapped snow mass changes in the Western US from 1982 to 2016 on a grid of squares 2.5-miles on a side, revealing significant declines in mountainous areas. The annual maximum snow mass over the Western US is decreasing, with some regions showing up to 41% reduction in yearly maximum mass since 1982.
Dr. Easton R. White analyzes 822 vertebrate species populations, demonstrating substantial problems with current sampling approaches. He argues that properly statistically powered methods will provide a truer representation of population health.
New research reveals hidden realms in ice-covered lakes and deep soils affecting water clarity, salt marsh survival, drought impact, and climate change pace. NSF's LTER Network of 28 sites explores various ecosystems to better understand ecological processes.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that people perceive subtle differences in eye blinks during conversations, affecting response lengths and indicating a joint activity between speakers and listeners. The research suggests that even small movements like blinking can serve as nonverbal communication.
Researchers found that polysulfanes decompose during wine storage, releasing hydrogen sulfide and causing the smell of sewage or rotten eggs. The study suggests that antioxidants like sulfur dioxide can help manage the release of stinky sulfur compounds in wine.
A study of 21,000 participants found that moderate drinkers have a lower risk of hospitalization compared to heavy drinkers and teetotalers. Moderate consumption is associated with fewer hospitalizations for all causes and cardiovascular diseases.
A study by University of Technology Sydney researchers found that a company's corporate reputation commands a premium of around 9% for its products. Consumers are willing to pay more for products with important features and a good brand reputation, but less so for novel features regardless of reputation.
Researchers at Portland State University have developed a 3-D image of the membrane channel to better understand cell-to-cell communication, opening doors to new treatments for diseases associated with gap junction malfunction. The discovery may pave the way for pharmaceuticals that can control heart disease and other conditions.
Researchers developed a stability-indicating HPLC method to quantify pralatrexate and its degradation products. Four major degradation products were synthesized and characterized, enabling the prediction of degradation pathways.
A team of researchers from Kanazawa University has developed a phototriggered modification reaction of a carboxylic acid using an aminocyclopropenone. The resulting ynamine works as a dehydration agent to connect the carboxylic acid and the amine. Under intense light conditions, another isomeric mixture of three ketones was produced.
Researchers identify DPYSL3 as a molecule whose expression is altered in Claudin-Low triple-negative breast cancer, a highly metastatic and aggressive subtype. The study suggests that targeting the connection between DPYSL3 and vimentin could lead to new treatments for this disease.
A new test method using lung lavage has been developed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis in rhinoceros, with minimal stress for the animals. The study found that lung fluids revealed only harmless mycobacteria, reducing the risk of false positives and improving animal welfare.
A new mathematical model developed by NYU Tandon researchers takes into account the influence of bursty social interactions on disease spread. The model's discovery could improve predictive models and provide a more nuanced understanding of how diseases spread in globally connected populations.
A new algorithm developed in the European TBO-Met project optimizes flight trajectories to reduce delays and enhance safety. The system can predict and mitigate weather-related uncertainties, resulting in increased efficiency and cost savings.
A study of 250,000 children aged 5-24 found that those taking higher doses of antipsychotics were at a higher risk of dying from unintentional overdose or cardiovascular causes. The findings highlight the need for careful prescribing and monitoring of these medications in young people.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that underrepresented populations are less likely to be eligible for hip or knee replacement surgeries due to inflexible hospital requirements. The researchers aimed to measure how these criteria worsen health disparities and identify disadvantaged groups affected.
A phase I/II trial found that combining nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine significantly improved survival rates even among patients with reduced health status. The study's results suggest alternative treatment options for patients typically underrepresented in clinical trials.
Studies across multiple countries find that popular restaurant chains serve high-calorie meals, failing to meet public health guidelines. Only a small minority of meals met the recommended calorie limit, highlighting the need for intervention targets such as portion reduction and mandatory labelling.
A recent study finds that introductory biology textbooks devote less than 1% of their text to discussing insects, despite them making up over 60% of animal species. This lack of coverage provides a poor foundation for understanding ecosystems and biodiversity.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have made a significant breakthrough in understanding FSHD by determining the three-dimensional structure of the DUX4 protein. This protein is responsible for the disease, which affects approximately 1 million people globally and currently has no treatment. The study's findings provide valuabl...
A new assay can analyze small amounts of material to estimate metastatic risk, enhancing prostate cancer evaluation. The Next-Generation Copy Number Alteration (NG-CNA) assay is a targeted amplification sequencing technique that can process samples faster and decrease the cost per sample.
A recent study by Harvard Medical School researchers has identified a critical nerve-signaling pathway that drives sustained pain following injury. The study found that neurons called Tac1 play a key role in pain-coping behaviors, but not in reflexive defensive reactions to external threats.
A recent study by RUDN medics revealed critical spread rates of five types of viral hepatitis in Somalia, with 18.9% of residents infected with hepatitis B and higher rates for hepatitis A and E. The researchers emphasize the need for immediate action to address this global health crisis.
Researchers found that diets in wealthy nations have far higher greenhouse gas consequences than typically calculated. Shifting to plant-based diets or careful management of grazing can reduce emissions by up to 70%. The study provides a 'carbon benefits index' to assess the impact of land use changes on climate change.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that increasing physical activity during the day is associated with improved spirits. The research also suggests that tracking sleep, activity, mood, and energy levels concurrently can provide valuable insights for people with bipolar disorder.
Researchers have reconstructed the complete skeleton of Thylacoleo carnifex, a 100kg marsupial predator with a unique combination of features. The new findings suggest that Thylacoleo was an adept climber and scavenger, with a rigid lower back and powerful forelimbs, similar to the Tasmanian devil.
Researchers at UC Davis have made a breakthrough in plant biology by discovering a way to produce crops as clones from seed. This process, known as apomixis, allows for the reproduction of high-yielding and disease-resistant crops without the need for expensive hybrid seeds. The discovery has significant implications for global food se...
Delaying high school start times in Seattle increased daily sleep by over half an hour and was linked to improved academic performance. The change also showed promise for reducing absenteeism and improving punctuality among economically disadvantaged students.
Researchers found that high levels of oxygen encourage deep, restorative sleep by switching brains into a deactivated state. This stage is crucial for recovery, brain clearance, and memory consolidation, making it a key target for potential oxygen therapy in humans.
A study combining three advanced treatments for malignant melanoma shows promising results in animal models, with the triple combination producing near-total eradication of tumors. The use of oncolytic viruses, MEK inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockers enhances therapeutic responses, offering new hope for patients with melanoma.
A US study reveals that physicians based on their status as mothers face unique forms of discrimination, including varied expectations of performance, limited career development opportunities, and lack of support before and after birth. The findings emphasize the need for structural changes to address pregnancy, parental leave, and chi...
A Swedish study found that the risk of heart attack peaks at around 10 pm on Christmas Eve, especially for older and sicker individuals due to heightened emotional stress. This risk is also higher during New Year's and Midsummer holidays, as well as Monday mornings.
A study at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that mice infected with H. pylori bacteria and lacking claudin 18 developed precancerous cells and polyps. The loss of claudin 18 alone was enough to prompt precancerous cell development, indicating a new strategy to inhibit gastric cancer progression.
Researchers have discovered a possible cure for obesity using clay materials that can attract and trap fat droplets in the gut, preventing their absorption. This breakthrough could lead to greater weight loss with fewer side effects, making it an exciting avenue for weight loss research.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found that high-dose antipsychotic medications increase the risk of unexpected death in children and young adults. The study analyzed data from over 250,000 children and young people aged 5-24, revealing a 3.5-fold increased risk of unexpected death compared to those taking lower doses.
Scientists create assay to detect protein-protein interactions with strong fluorescent signal, enabling disease therapy development and drug screening. The technique uses genetically engineered human cells producing fluorescent proteins, allowing researchers to observe interactions in living cells.
Researchers at MIT used a deep neural network to reconstruct transparent objects from low-exposure images taken in the dark. The technique could illuminate features of biological tissues and cells in low-light conditions, reducing the need for excessive light exposure that can damage specimens.
Researchers are developing a quantum annealing machine to solve combinatorial optimization problems in various industries. The project aims to create a high-speed, high-precision optimization solution platform that can address real-world problems.
A study analyzing 6,000 people found that tracking a patient's weight history from young adulthood can provide valuable insights into their future risk of heart failure. The investigation showed that maintaining a normal weight over the lifespan is ideal, while obesity at specific ages significantly increases the risk of heart disease.
Scientists from the U.S. National Science Foundation-funded expedition aboard the Atlantis will share their research findings on submarine volcanic activity and crust formation. The live broadcasts, scheduled for Dec. 11-13, will also feature young researchers and their experiences with modern deep-sea exploration.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found that coral reefs' soundscape influences coral larvae's choice of settlement, with healthy reefs having more fish sounds attracting larvae. The study suggests using sound to aid in coral reef preservation and potentially rebuild damaged reefs.
A team at Princeton University used laser light to trap atoms in an optical lattice and explored how resistance develops in unconventional metals. The results may help explain the behavior of copper oxide superconductors, which could lead to more efficient power transmission and new technologies.
The new guidelines aim to support doctors in assessing and managing patients with dementia who drive. Key findings indicate that many people with dementia are safe to drive in the early stages, but making the decision to stop can be difficult.
A new study reveals that anticipation of touch in children's brains relates to their executive function skills, including selective attention. Children's ability to anticipate a tactile impact is associated with better cognitive control and academic performance.
Researchers from Siberian Federal University create a self-configuring evolutionary genetic algorithm to automate X-ray diffraction quantitative phase analysis for accurate electrolyte composition analysis. The method improves the efficiency of aluminium production by reducing human involvement and errors.
New research on London Underground commute finds a link between public transport and airborne infections. Higher rates of flu-like cases are observed in busier terminals with longer journeys, suggesting the role of crowded junctions in spreading illness.
A study found that female veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or depression are more likely to develop dementia than their counterparts without these conditions. Women with PTSD were about 80% more likely, while those with depression were about 70% more likely to develop dementia.
A study published in Geriatrics found that 3D-printed adaptive aids for arthritis patients can offer significant cost savings, with some items costing as little as 45 cents. The customized designs can also improve the quality of life for these individuals, enabling them to perform daily tasks independently.
Researchers found a significant increase in nitrate flowing downstream after the storm, posing risks to coastal ecosystems. The study also revealed that Hurricane Maria killed twice as many trees as previous storms, altering forest compositions and potential carbon cycles.
Researchers discovered a new transport mechanism of nanomaterial through a cell membrane by tuning the membrane tension. Ultra-short carbon nanotubes can escape from the bilayer under certain conditions, which may have implications for public health and drug delivery.
Researchers at the University of Washington found that delaying school start times for Seattle high schools resulted in a median increase of 34 minutes of sleep each night. This led to improved academic performance and more consistent wake-up times, with students sleeping in longer and waking up closer to their natural wake-up times.
A new study reveals that regions worldwide are experiencing more extreme weather events, with heavy rainfall in North America and Europe, while Africa sees an increase in droughts. The study suggests that human-caused climate change is driving these changes, with significant impacts on people's livelihoods.
Researchers have identified hydrotalcites as capable of capturing CO2 in mine tailings, potentially improving carbon sequestration beneath the surface. The study found that these minerals can trap CO2 deeper into the tailings than carbonate minerals could, offering a new approach to reducing atmospheric emissions.
Tropical Cyclone Owen's center was surrounded by intense storms with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The cyclone is expected to move slowly and may reach category 3 intensity, bringing destructive winds along the Northern Territory coast.
A national survey found that nearly half of respondents believed most people who have weight loss surgery do it for cosmetic reasons, while 40% think it's an 'easy way out'. The study suggests that negative public attitudes may be a contributing factor to the low use of weight loss surgical procedures.
A study of over 280,000 people found a significant association between work stress and increased risk of colorectal and esophagus cancers. However, no link was observed for prostate, breast, or ovarian cancers, with the relationship varying by region.
A 29-year study found that only 12% of men with advanced prostate cancer were saved from dying by surgery, while 80% had died after 29 years. Surgery did extend life expectancy by 2.9 years, but also came with significant side effects.
Researchers are working to understand subseafloor microbial communities and their potential impact on Earth's biosphere. They've discovered that microbes living in deep ocean sediments may represent as much as one-third of Earth's total biomass, with the habitable part of the ocean crust potentially being 10 times greater.