A novel tool has been developed to identify genetic changes in Lynch syndrome genes associated with disease symptoms. The tool, combining laboratory test results with computer-based modeling and clinical data, achieves an accuracy of about 97 percent, making it suitable for clinical use.
Researchers at Sichuan University developed a synthetic analogue to vulcanized natural rubber by attaching short protein chains to the polymer backbone. This results in a self-reinforcing effect under strain, making the material tougher and more recyclable. The new rubber's properties closely resemble those of vulcanized natural rubber.
Researchers have demonstrated electronic switching in an exotic, ultrathin material at room temperature, reducing energy loss and increasing efficiency for transistors. The breakthrough uses sodium bismuthide (Na3Bi), a 'topological Dirac semimetal' that can be tuned to behave like a conventional or topological material.
Researchers report a high-resolution geomagnetic field record spanning 1,500 years from Brazilian caves, indicating recurrent periods of rapid directional change consistent with westward migration and expansion of reversed flux patches. The study provides insights into the core-mantle boundary dynamics and Earth's magnetic field evolut...
Male tungara frogs in urban environments produce more complex and conspicuous calls to attract females, which are preferred over those of forest frogs. This adaptation suggests that urbanization drives changes in sexual signaling to improve mating success.
A study suggests that bioenergy crop expansion can outweigh gains from climate change mitigation in terms of biodiversity impact. The findings highlight the need for alternative strategies to reduce biodiversity loss under a high-emission scenario.
A recent study by University of Sussex researchers found that animals are more adept at detecting complex mixed odorants than individual pure ingredients. This discovery has significant implications for the development of artificial systems that can mimic animal senses, such as detecting drugs and explosives or improving food safety th...
Researchers found a diet rich in red meat increases TMAO levels, linked to heart disease. A study also revealed the kidneys can change how effectively they expel compounds depending on dietary choices.
Researchers developed a new treatment for dogs with rare, life-threatening arrhythmia caused by atrioventricular accessory pathways. The minimally invasive technique, radiofrequency catheter ablation, has a 95% success rate and allows dogs to live normal lives without medication.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre found a gene called EGFRvIII that changes the content of messages exchanged between cells, leading to aggressive brain cancer glioblastoma. This discovery holds promise for developing tests and tailored treatments for patients with glioblastoma.
Researchers create algorithm to predict tunneling ionization rates for complex molecules, potentially controlling electron motion and chemical reactions. This breakthrough enables precise calculations of probabilities and opens up new areas of science and technology applications.
A study by Columbia engineers and psychiatrists reveals that avoidant grievers unconsciously monitor and block their mental state to prevent painful thoughts. The researchers used neural decoding to track the interactions between mental processes, showing that this control occurs outside of conscious awareness.
Hurricane Maria caused widespread destruction in Puerto Rico's forests, with 40-60% of tall trees damaged. The island's energy grid also struggled to recover, with rural areas experiencing longer power outages. NASA research has provided new insights into the storm's impacts on communities and critical infrastructure.
A study compared projected future climate temperatures and precipitation to those of past warm periods on Earth. Mid-Pliocene climates (3.3-3 million years ago) emerged as the best analog for future climates after 2030 CE, while unmitigated greenhouse gas emissions scenarios led to Early Eocene-like conditions by 2150 CE.
Researchers found that VA hospitals provided the best care and rarely the worst care in local health care markets. The findings suggest that VHA generally provides excellent care, contradicting some recent negative reports.
A first-of-its-kind study from LSU shows that journalists can increase media trust by defending their profession while also doing more fact checking. The combination of these two actions had positive effects on mainstream news use and confidence in facts in politics, but fact checking alone did not.
A new study found that Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria that occupy human host tissue first are more likely to thrive than competing strains. The researchers discovered that these 'owners' release toxins to kill intruders, while also releasing protective factors to defend themselves.
Researchers discovered two early hominin species coexisted in southern East African Rift system, displaying dietary generalism and adaptability to paleoenvironmental conditions. The results suggest a high degree of versatility in their ability to thrive in various environments.
Researchers found that breastfeeding and family history of breast cancer had no impact on the increased risk. Risk peaked five years after childbirth, with a 80% higher risk compared to childfree women, but decreased by age 50. The study could inform screening decisions and prevention strategies.
In a series of studies involving over 2,300 participants, researchers discovered that groups required less information to reach judgments compared to predicting the minimum necessary. This finding implies both information providers and consumers may overestimate the information needed to form judgments.
The convergence of cyber and physical infrastructure enables better decision-making and efficient resource use in smart cities. Chengshan Xiao, Professor at Lehigh University, is exploring novel hybrid precoding designs to reduce cost, complexity, and power consumption in next-generation wireless networks.
A recent study using CRISPR/Cas9 technology identified two factors necessary for Shiga and ricin toxins to enter cells: TMEM165 and TM9SF2. These proteins are found in the cell's Golgi apparatus and play a crucial role in glycosylation, a fundamental biological process that enables cells to create diverse molecules with varied function...
A new study from Cornell University suggests that climate change could have both positive and negative impacts on migratory birds. The research estimates how wind assistance is expected to change during this century under global climate change, with stronger winds from the south expected in spring and fall migration periods.
A study found that homes in hurricane-hit areas of the US are being rebuilt with larger footprints, often exceeding pre-storm sizes. This trend increases coastal risk and puts strain on subsidized insurance funding for properties in at-risk areas.
A new study found that urban frogs have more conspicuous and complex vocal calls, making them more attractive to females. In contrast, the simpler calls of forest frogs are less appealing.
Fuchs-Schündeln's ERC project aims to analyze heterogeneous labor market outcomes, exploring effects of maternity leave policies and increasing female presence in occupations on relative wages. The €1.6m grant will fund four subprojects involving macro- and microeconomic methods.
New research reveals that marine ammonia oxidizing archaea can use cyanate and urea as alternative energy sources, enhancing their metabolic capabilities. This discovery sheds light on the remarkable adaptability of these microorganisms, which play a key role in the marine nitrogen cycle.
Scientists review interplay between sleep and TBI to improve diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. Early treatment is crucial for optimal cognitive recovery, and non-pharmacologic interventions like regular bedtime routines and sleep-conducive environments can help.
Researchers highlight advancements in electrospinning for use in rotator cuff tissue engineering, focusing on improving nano-topographical properties and mechanical strengths. Human tissue is used to determine cyto-compatibility, but outcome measures vary across studies.
A new type of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, UCYN-A, has been found in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean, challenging traditional assumptions about its presence. This discovery reveals that nitrogen fixation by UCYN-A occurs globally, including in frigid Arctic waters.
A new study has detected bacteria from humans in Antarctic and Subantarctic marine birds, revealing the fragility of polar ecosystems. The research highlights the risk of massive deaths and extinctions of local fauna populations due to pathogens introduced by human activity.
Scientists created ultra-hot quark gluon plasma, a liquid-like state of matter thought to have filled the early universe. They discovered three distinct geometric patterns: circles, ellipses, and triangles.
Researchers at NIST developed a measurement-based method for evaluating optimal antenna designs, reducing signal interference and delays. The method allows designers to select the best beamwidths for real environments, increasing network capacity and reliability.
A new study found that young women with hormone receptor-positive luminal A breast cancer have a lower five-year disease-free survival rate compared to older patients. The study's authors hope their findings can inform better treatment options for this age group.
Researchers identified a suite of genes that must be turned off for axons to regenerate in peripheral nerves after injury. To regrow, neurons must transition back to an immature state and re-engage developmental programs. The study provides evidence for the idea that cells must become less mature to regenerate.
Researchers at TU Wien develop a patent-pending technology to create frequency combs on a single chip, enabling chemical analysis in tiny spaces. The system can detect various chemical substances and is robust against disturbances, making it perfect for practical applications.
Targeted interventions improved mean delta weight Z-scores by 43% in very low birth weight infants. Micro-preemies who were born between 26-28 weeks gestation showed the greatest improvement, with a 64% increase in growth trends.
A recent study has identified the rapid evolution of a gene causing lighter skin pigmentation in southern Africa. The SLC24A5 gene was introduced from eastern Africa and underwent strong positive selection among KhoeSan populations.
SourceData from EMBO is an open platform that makes research data directly searchable, while BioStudies aggregates the data files linked to a specific publication or project. This integrated workflow enables authors to make their published data openly accessible and easy to find.
A new study found that the mutated MLX gene impairs the immune system by promoting inflammasome activation, leading to chronic inflammation and arterial disease. The discovery provides potential treatments, such as tocilizumab, which has shown efficacy in other inflammatory diseases.
A study by the University of Sydney found that middle-aged men in affluent suburbs are cycling more, with nearly 20% of those aged 45-65 years cycling at least once a week. However, most Mamils (middle-aged male cyclists) cycle only on weekends.
Researchers analyzed 330 Game of Thrones characters and found that switching allegiance increases survival rates. The risk of death was higher for low-born characters compared to high-born ones.
A QUT-led collaboration reveals the banded hare-wallaby is the closest living relative of the giant short-faced kangaroos. The study combined DNA evidence with fossil and anatomical data to trace body size change over millions of years.
A new study found that an ultrarestrictive opioid prescribing strategy was associated with fewer pills dispensed after surgery, without changes in postoperative pain scores or complications. The protocol reduced opioid pill dispensing by 72-85% for patients undergoing different types of surgery.
The European Society of Cardiology survey found that nearly two-thirds of individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease are centrally obese. The study highlights the need for health care systems to invest in prevention and public health initiatives to prevent heart disease and stroke.
Scientists at Imperial College London discovered that persister cells manipulate immune cells, potentially opening new avenues to clearing these cells from the body. The study found that persisters weaken the power of macrophages, a key part of our arsenal against infection.
Researchers found that amorphous solids can be truly elastic and reversible for small strains, but become marginally stable with infinitesimal deformations, exhibiting both elastic and plastic behavior
Researchers from the University of Würzburg have provided new insights into the molecular-level structural details responsible for spider silk's exceptional strength, extensibility, and biodegradability. The study suggests that a molecular clamp connecting protein building blocks contributes to the material's flexibility.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive loss of kidney function, which can be attributed to faulty cellular energy sensing. Researchers have identified a link between decreased AMPK activity and CKD progression, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for treatment.
A 20-year study from Northwestern Medicine found men with inflammatory bowel disease have four to five times higher risk of prostate cancer and elevated PSA values. Researchers are now investigating the mechanism behind gut inflammation leading to prostate cancer.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University used nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy to probe the hydrogen bonds that modulate the chemical reactivity of enzymes, catalysts, and biomimetic complexes. The study provides valuable information on how systematic changes to hydrogen bonds within the secondary coordination sphere influen...
Scientists have found that jasmonic acid triggers the quick closure of stomata, a crucial mechanism for plants to conserve water during drought stress. The discovery also reveals a molecular crosstalk between jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, two key plant hormones involved in regulating stomatal conductance.
Researchers have discovered a new way to manipulate spin-orbit coupling in silicon to create compact and efficient qubits for large-scale quantum computing. This breakthrough enables fast read-out of the spin state of just two boron atoms in an extremely compact circuit, hosting all devices in a commercial transistor.
Treatment with oxybutynin significantly decreased the frequency and intensity of hot flashes in breast cancer survivors, improving their quality of life. The study found that patients on both oxybutynin doses experienced significant reductions in hot flash symptoms and improvements in overall quality of life.
Researchers have developed computational methods to predict and design small molecule inhibitors that can disrupt protein-protein interactions, a critical property of cell sustenance. The study provides insights into the challenges faced by researchers investigating protein-protein interactions through computational methods.
A study found 29% of veterans who underwent recommended colonoscopies were uncomfortable with stopping screenings when benefits were expected to be low. Participants preferred a more personalized approach to screening decisions, citing mistrust in life expectancy calculators and age-based guidelines.
A 30-year-old hydroelectric project in Thailand has caused the local bird population to collapse. The reservoir has inundated a unique habitat rich in biodiversity, leading to deforestation and human-caused fire, resulting in isolated habitat patches dominated by disturbance-tolerant species.
A recent study reveals that Fe3Sn2 exhibits nematic electronic state and giant magnetization-driven energy shift, shedding new light on the presence of spin-orbit coupling in kagome lattices. The research also shows that the material can be manipulated to change its electron energy structure through tuning the magnetic field.
Women who underwent supervised exercise during adjuvant breast cancer treatment experienced better cardiovascular function than those who didn't. The study found that exercise improved VO2 max and reduced decline in cardiovascular strength, particularly in patients receiving chemotherapy.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Geneva found that our brains quickly differentiate between angry and happy voices, with a faster response time to perceived threats. This enhanced auditory attention enables us to detect potential dangers more effectively, leading to improved survival behavior.