A recent study found that nearly 60% of cases studied had combinations of obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking. Researchers suggest extending prevention efforts to routine preventive visits for children and young adults to reduce adult cardiovascular disease.
Scientists have isolated a natural resistance gene, Stb6, that confers protection against Septoria tritici blotch (STB), a major threat to wheat production. The discovery holds promise for deciphering other resistance genes and developing a natural barrier to infection.
A recent study led by York University researchers found that individuals with severe obesity who are fit have a similar health profile to those who weigh significantly less. Regular exercise can lead to dramatic improvements in health for those with severe obesity, even if they don't lose weight.
A multicenter observational study has revealed that levetiracetam is more effective than phenobarbital in treating infants with nonsyndromic epilepsy. After six months of single-drug treatment, 40% of infants treated with levetiracetam achieved a successful outcome, compared to only 16% of those treated with phenobarbital.
Tropical Storm Sanba is approaching the Philippines, triggering warnings and warnings signal #2 in effect for Mindanao provinces. The storm's center was located 415 miles east of Zamboanga, moving west-northwest at 18.4mph.
The G-Range model allows for single-process global simulations, providing insights into rangeland resilience to climate change. It supports policymakers in making informed decisions on rangeland management policies and practices.
Researchers crack genetic code of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and identify Lats1/2 as a gene that suppresses cancer, leading to rapid cell expansion. Disrupting overactive TAZ-YAP signaling reduces tumor growth in mice and human cells, offering new hope for MPNST treatment.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered that a widely-studied cancer gene called MELK does not play a crucial role in cancer cell growth. The team's findings suggest that inherent flaws in scientific techniques used to link MELK to cancer led to the error.
A study by the University of Louisville found that Medicaid expansion in Kentucky led to an increase in diagnosis rates of early-stage breast cancer and greater utilization of breast-conserving surgery. However, improvements in efficiency and timing of postsurgical therapy were less robust.
Scientists at the University of Washington created a hybrid optics system combining ultrathin metalenses with computational processing to produce high-efficiency full-color images. This innovation overcomes the narrow wavelength range limitation of traditional metalenses, enabling improved image quality and resolution in various applic...
Researchers at Rothamsted Research used radar data to track the migratory patterns of a large bat colony in Texas, revealing changes in seasonal habits and winter residency. The findings suggest that bats are arriving earlier in the spring due to environmental shifts, with potential implications for pest management and agricultural pro...
Research shows that Tasmanian devil populations are declining by 80 percent due to devil facial tumor disease, a rare and contagious cancer. Despite this, some wild populations are adapting with slight reproductive changes, such as younger breeding and more pouch young.
A newly identified protein, RGSz1, can be manipulated to make opioid painkillers effective at lower doses while reducing the risk of addiction. This discovery provides novel avenues for pharmacological interventions that can optimize the actions of opioid medications and lead to safer treatments.
A study found that full integration of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) significantly reduced false positive rates in breast cancer screening exams. DBT was also associated with a higher cancer-detection rate compared to traditional digital mammography.
Researchers have identified diatoms as a weak layer responsible for submarine mega-slides, which can trigger tsunamis. The discovery sheds light on the geological processes that govern these massive slides, which can move millions of cubic kilometers of material.
Researchers developed autonomous nanorobots that can selectively target and starve out cancerous tumors by blocking blood supply. The technology, using DNA origami, has shown safe and effective results in shrinking tumors and causing tissue death.
A Johns Hopkins study of mice with metabolic syndrome found that the intestinal microbiome plays a substantial role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. The research suggests that manipulating gut bacteria may prevent obesity and diabetes.
Researchers have discovered how CAR-T cell therapy kills cancer cells, revealing a key mechanism that can inform the design of safer and more efficient treatments. The study could pave the way for the adaptation of CAR-T therapy to treat solid cancers, including notoriously hard-to-treat brain tumors.
A phase I clinical trial found that the altered adenovirus DNX-2401 allowed 20 percent of patients with recurrent glioblastoma to live for three years or longer. The virus triggered an immune response, leading to tumor reduction and complete responses in some patients.
A recent neutron analysis of glaucoma drugs and their interaction with human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzyme revealed the impact of temperature, pH, and electrical charge on drug targeting. The study provides new information about hydrogen-bonding networks in hCA II, which may aid in designing more effective cancer treatments.
Texas A&M researchers discovered that inducing persistent changes in drinking behavior by manipulating neural connections may hold the key to understanding and treating alcoholism. The study found that reversing these changes could potentially lead to a decrease in alcohol consumption.
The study found significant racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence, with African-American and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander populations having the highest rates. Maintaining a lower weight was key to preventing hypertension across all racial groups, but other factors contribute to disparities.
The Amazon molly's unique reproductive method has allowed it to thrive for millennia, defying expectations that asexual reproduction would lead to extinction. The fish's hybrid genome and high genetic diversity have enabled it to adapt to environmental changes without accumulating harmful mutations.
A study of four medical marijuana outlets found that customers didn't match the local population, with significant differences in age, ethnicity, and location. Dispensaries appeared to target niche markets, including younger customers and those seeking specific products.
A 12-week before-school physical activity program, BOKS, improved body weight and social/emotional wellness in children. Participants who attended sessions three times a week showed significant better BMI z scores and a greater chance of moving to a lower BMI category.
Scientists have developed a way to identify biomarkers for a wide range of diseases by assessing the antibodies we are making to the complex sugars coating our cells. The new Luminex Multiplex Glycan Array enables rapid analysis of patient samples and glycans, potentially leading to early disease detection and diagnosis.
A nationwide study found that black-grass populations in England have evolved resistance to herbicides, leading to increased costs and lower crop yields. The research team recommends adopting weed-management strategies that rely less on chemicals.
Researchers have developed tiny capsules that can sustain transplanted insulin-producing cells, increasing their viability and function. The capsules contain a drug that improves cell survival in low-oxygen conditions.
A large study found that family history of breast cancer significantly increases the risk of developing invasive breast tumors in women aged 65 and older. The researchers suggest that women with a first-degree family history should consider continuing mammography screening even beyond age-based recommendations.
Children bullied by siblings are up to three times more likely to develop psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia in early adulthood. The study found that those involved in frequent sibling bullying are at increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder.
Researchers developed a novel approach to studying cancer, grouping 32 types of cancer into 10 classes based on molecular pathways. This understanding can lead to new diagnosis and treatment methods, including identifying neuroendocrine tumors that may be missed with current markers.
A new study in Ghana found that the timing of measles vaccination can significantly impact child survival rates. Measles vaccination after DTP3 increased child survival by 28% within the first year and 18% until age five. The vaccine also showed a stronger beneficial effect on boys compared to girls.
A new study reveals that increasing temperature enhances 'pod shatter' in oilseed rape, a major issue for farmers worldwide. The research establishes a genetic link between temperature and the problem, bringing closer the prospect of creating crops better adapted to warmer temperatures.
Arthur Bienenstock, a distinguished physicist and academic leader at Stanford University, has been awarded the 2018 Philip Hauge Abelson Prize for his efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in STEM fields. He is being honored for his work in increasing diversity across the university's faculty and student body.
A new optical imaging system uses red and near-infrared light to identify breast cancer patients who are likely to respond to chemotherapy. The system analyzes blood flow dynamics in response to a single breath hold and has been shown to correctly identify responders in 92.3% of patients.
Scientists have discovered that the Huntington's gene is toxic to cancer cells due to its repetitive RNA sequences, which can be harnessed for a novel cancer treatment approach. Researchers hope to develop a short-term treatment to kill cancer cells without causing neurological issues associated with Huntington's disease.
A study by North Carolina State University finds that bed bug-infested homes have substantially higher histamine levels than pest-free homes, which can persist for months even after treatment. Histamine is a chemical released as part of an immune response, but in humans it can cause inflammation and allergic reactions.
A 28-year-old man experienced instant pain relief after undergoing a cold water swim following endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. The procedure was successful but postoperative pain persisted, until the cold water plunge provided lasting relief. Further investigation is needed to confirm the effectiveness of this natural intervention.
Researchers will explore new mathematical and computational foundations to transform traditional design processes, leveraging massive compute power. TACC provides a comprehensive platform for developing computational methods, creating data visualizations, and analyzing large experimental data sets.
The Mayall telescope is undergoing a major overhaul to install the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), which will measure the spectra of 5000 astronomical objects simultaneously. The instrument will allow DESI to map out about one-third of the sky and survey 30 million galaxies and quasars over a five-year period.
Researchers found that UK doctors with dyslexia who declare their condition before taking the licensing exam have similar passing rates as those who don't disclose. However, overseas candidates who initially failed the exam were more likely to declare dyslexia afterwards.
Red-fronted lemurs demonstrate an ability to recognize individuals of their own species from photographs, with females showing a stronger response than males. The animals' capacity for cross-modal recognition suggests that they use both sight and smell to differentiate between conspecifics and heterospecifics.
A research team detected an acceleration in global sea level rise over the last 25 years, with a potential doubling of total sea level rise by 2100. The rate is increasing by about 0.08 mm/year every year, driven mainly by accelerated melting in Greenland and Antarctica.
Several Berkeley Lab scientists will present talks on various topics, including sequence-based approaches to plant microbiomes, new ways to search for dark matter, and developments in advanced bioenergy. The presentations aim to advance our understanding of quantum materials and their potential applications, as well as the scientific p...
Researchers found that people born with heart defects in Denmark had a 60% higher risk of dementia compared to the general population, with those diagnosed before age 65 facing an even greater risk. The study's findings suggest that continued monitoring and management may be necessary for individuals born with congenital heart defects.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich studied three architectural projects in Graz, Lucerne, and Wolfsburg to investigate their effects. Positive economic impacts were found, but no clear repositioning of the cities was observed.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a specific mechanism by which estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers become resistant to standard therapies and metastasize. DNA mutations in the estrogen receptor gene cause tumors to grow even without estrogen, leading to treatment-resistant disease.
A new study by Université Laval researchers found that Canadians who suffer a stroke have a higher risk of dying if treated in a rural hospital compared to an urban one. The mortality rate is approximately 25% higher for patients treated in rural areas.
A study found that 82% of African American young adults who tried molly attributed its use to hip-hop music, particularly lyrics from artists like Kanye West and French Montana. Researchers suggest that hip-hop may be an effective source for prevention, health promotion, and harm reduction messages aimed at this demographic.
Research in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association warns that schizophrenia and psychiatric issues may be triggered by marijuana use, especially among young people. Physicians are advised to counsel patients on dosing and risks, as well as consider a family history of mental illness.
Researchers have developed a new method using yeast to create camelid-free antibodies, allowing for faster and more efficient protein structure determination. This breakthrough enables scientists to study complex proteins without the need for llama or alpaca facilities.
Researchers used molecular simulations to understand resistance to osimertinib, an effective anticancer drug for non-small-cell lung cancer. The study identified a novel mutation, L718Q, that causes drug resistance by changing the protein's structure, making it harder for the drug to bind.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study found that opioid users have a 1.62 times higher risk of invasive pneumococcal diseases, which can cause meningitis and other severe infections. The study suggests that high-dose opioids, particularly those with long-acting properties, carry the greatest infection risk.
A Bentley University study reveals the US government invested over $100 billion in basic research that led to 210 new medicines approved by the FDA. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded 84 innovative first-in-class drugs, which treat disease through novel biological mechanisms or targets.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed an experimental molecular therapy that restores nerve insulation in mice, improving limb function and reducing discomfort. The treatment targets the enzyme HDAC3, which is involved in epigenetic changes that restrict myelin regeneration.
Researchers create conditions to test theoretical nuclear effect, capturing excited nuclei and gamma rays for the first time. This advance may improve understanding of star formation and creation of star elements.
The Scanpy software is a candidate for analyzing the Human Cell Atlas, enabling comprehensive analysis of large gene-expression datasets. It uses graph-based algorithms to characterize cells by identifying their closest neighbors, similar to social networks.
Researchers discovered that flattie spiders can sense prey approaching from any direction and whip around in one-eighth of a second to strike. They achieve this feat by using their long legs to create leverage and torque, allowing them to spin up to 40% faster than previously thought.
A new study examines the connection between shift work and type 2 diabetes, finding that more frequent night shifts increase the likelihood of the disease. The research also identified a genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes, which showed no interaction with shift work in its effects.
A Massachusetts General Hospital physician outlines the findings of the NASEM committee on e-cigarette risks and benefits. The report suggests that e-cigarettes are less hazardous than combustible cigarettes, but more research is needed to establish long-term risks.