A new study shows that China's North China Plain, a region with intensive irrigation, is expected to experience deadly heat waves repeatedly, with the risk being significantly increased due to higher humidity. The region faces the greatest risks to human life from rising temperatures, surpassing other global hotspots.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that methadone treatment is associated with lower mortality rates among convicted offenders with opioid dependence. The research analyzed population-level data and found significant reductions in deaths from both external and non-external causes.
Researchers propose a four-factor model for online engagement, including physical interaction, interface assessment, absorption, and digital outreach. This model can lead to the development of content that encourages sharing and websites that promote learning and memory.
A survey of Sexual Medicine Society members found that only half routinely ask patients about their sexual orientation, with 40% of those who don't believe it's relevant to good patient care. The study highlights the need for more professional and patient education to address the LGBT community's unique health needs.
Research from Germany, Netherlands, and Croatia highlights the importance of adopting special laws and procedures for youth aged 18-25 in the US. These countries apply juvenile sanctions and facilities, divert more juveniles, and rely on educational approaches to address delinquent behavior. By considering these European strategies, US...
A study by Hokkaido University researchers found that branching complexity of rivers, rather than ecosystem size, contributes to regional population stability in nature. This challenges current theories and highlights the importance of environmental diversity in maintaining stable populations.
Researchers discovered that fruit flies have a diverse and stable gut microbiota, with bacteria able to colonize the fly's intestine. This discovery sheds light on how fruit flies 'farm' bacteria, similar to humans using yeast or bacteria in food production.
A new UCL study found that people with higher social status or opposing political beliefs are more likely to assume their partner's decision is motivated by wanting to cause them harm. The study also suggests that paranoia fuels social exclusion and disadvantage, fueling severe mental health problems
A recent study found that just two weeks of inactivity can hasten the onset of Type 2 diabetes and elevate blood sugar levels among pre-diabetic patients. The study's findings suggest that seniors who experience periods of physical inactivity are more likely to suffer harmful consequences to their overall health.
New research from Idaho National Laboratory found that cold temperatures significantly impact EV charging efficiency, leading to longer charging times. The study analyzed data from a fleet of electric vehicles in New York City, revealing a decrease in battery state of charge with lower temperatures.
A study led by Penn State researchers found low levels of pharmaceuticals in drinking water from private wells in north central Pennsylvania. The most frequently detected compounds were ofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole, with at least one compound detected at all sites.
Researchers used FDA-approved nanoparticles to disrupt biofilms and prevent tooth decay in both human-plaque-like biofilm and animal models. The treatment showed strong evidence of its effectiveness in preventing mineral destruction of the tooth's surface and blocking cavity formation.
A study published in Cell Reports found that a child's brain can reorganize its visual system after losing parts of the visual cortex. The child, UD, had nearly half of his right hemisphere removed due to epilepsy, but his brain compensated by using the intact left hemisphere for tasks like facial recognition and object analysis.
A UBC study analyzed pedestrian behavior at a busy intersection in Kamloops, B.C., finding that over a third of pedestrians were distracted by their cellphones. Distracted pedestrians had slower walking speeds, more unstable gait patterns, and took longer to cross the road, increasing the risk of conflicts with vehicles.
Researchers found that recreational scallop harvesting disrupts native sea turtle behavior, causing them to change their distribution and habitat use. The study suggests that reducing boat density and implementing measures to avoid turtle collisions could minimize ecological damage.
A new study found that UVA's Hospital-to-Home program significantly improves survival and other outcomes for heart failure patients while saving money. The program slashed mortality rates by 41% and reduced hospital readmissions by 24% compared to non-participants.
University of Houston researcher Chandra Mohan receives $2 million grant to examine the connection between lupus and female sex hormones, aiming to improve diagnosis and treatment of the autoimmune disease.
A new model provides the clearest picture yet of the geology below the Tibetan Plateau, revealing tears in the Indian upper mantle layer. The research suggests that these tears are responsible for earthquakes in the region, shedding light on the complex geological processes at play.
A new LSU Pennington Biomedical Research Center study suggests a novel biomarker may help create a diagnostic tool for hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure. Measuring brain adaptation after low blood sugar episodes could detect increased risk of HAAF, allowing for targeted treatment.
A Massachusetts General Hospital research team has developed a system that incorporates neuroinflammation into their 'Alzheimer's in a dish' model, fully replicating the disease's pathology. The system includes neural cell death and glial cells that provide immune functions.
The largest king penguin colony on Île aux Cochons has plummeted in size by nearly 90%, with researchers attributing the decline to climate change and vegetation encroachment. Satellite images reveal that the colony's population began declining in the late 1990s, coinciding with a major climatic event related to El Niño.
Enrico Gratton, a renowned researcher in lipid biophysics, will receive the 2019 Avanti Award. His pioneering work has led to significant discoveries on membrane heterogeneity and nanodomains, advancing our understanding of biological membranes.
A subset of dopaminergic neurons are inhibited during the day by light-responsive neuropeptide Pigment Dispersing Factor (PDF) and its receptor (PDFR), promoting wakefulness. High daytime levels of PDF increase daytime sleep, while reducing PDFR expression decreases daytime sleep.
A Baylor University study finds that consumers' thinking styles, not just price endings, influence purchasing decisions. Holistic thinkers are less affected by nine-ending prices when cognitive resources are limited, while analytic thinkers respond similarly under time pressure or distractions.
A new study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev researchers found that serving food on a smaller plate doesn't help people eat less when they're hungry. When people are food-deprived, they're more likely to accurately identify portion sizes, regardless of plate size.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have created a new technique to study the chemical reactions of individual silver nanoparticles in real-time. They found that under certain conditions, these particles transform into poorly soluble silver chloride, which can be toxic for many organisms.
Researchers have solved a 160-year-old mystery about the origin of vertebrates' skeletons by studying ancient fossils. They found that heterostracan skeletons were made from a unique tissue called aspidin, which is later revealed to be bone-like in structure.
The US Census Bureau's economic census, conducted every five years, will now use the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) to standardize vital economic statistics. This change aims to improve data precision and provide businesses with a sense of confidence in measurement accuracy.
Researchers have highlighted the importance of testing and targeting different forms of Aβ protein, which can take various shapes including monomers and twisted tangles. Two new studies found that certain forms of Aβ are more toxic than others, and developed a screening test to identify potential therapeutics.
Researchers aim to understand the biological and physical underpinnings of mitosis, exploring how cells build, dissolve, and reuse structures millions of times per day. They will use physics concepts to analyze spindle fibers and develop a new model for their dynamic self-organization.
Harry Noller receives 2019 BPS Ignacio Tinoco Award for his pioneering studies on the structure, dynamics, and function of the ribosome. He is recognized for promoting an inclusive and collaborative research environment that positively impacts his community.
A new study published in Annals of Surgery found that bariatric surgery wait times in the US have increased significantly over the past decade, with eligible patients often facing longer waits. The delay is largely attributed to insurers requiring patients to lose weight before surgery, which can deter some individuals from pursuing th...
Researchers developed a dynamic model to simulate virus spread and conducted a national serological study to assess transmission levels and vaccine coverage required. The results suggest that certain pastoral production systems act as virus reservoirs, emphasizing the need for adapted vaccination strategies in high-risk populations.
A study found that ginger's 6-gingerol increases the enzyme sulfhydryl oxidase 1 in saliva, breaking down malodorous sulfur-containing compounds and reducing bad breath. Citric acid, on the other hand, makes people less sensitive to salt by increasing sodium ion content in saliva.
The study reveals that acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) have a long evolutionary history, dating back over 600 million years. ASICs are now found in various invertebrates, including sea urchins, starfish, and tunicates.
A large study examining media reporting of suicide found significant associations between reporting details and suicide deaths, highlighting the need for responsible reporting. The study suggests that including crisis resources among recommendations can have a positive impact on vulnerable individuals.
Researchers have found that the cell layer surrounding breast milk ducts acts as an active defense mechanism to prevent cancer cells from spreading, grabbing stray cells and pulling them back in up to 92% of the time. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about the myoepithelial layer's role in cancer invasion.
Chemists at the University of Basel have developed a novel synthesis method for terpenes that uses molecular capsules to mimic nature. The method significantly reduces the number of steps and improves yield in the synthesis process.
Researchers debunk claims that brain training games improve working memory and cognitive skills, finding no transfer between trained and untrained tasks. The study's findings support previous research showing that getting good at one game does not enhance IQ or working memory.
Researchers have sequenced the first complete mitochondrial genome of Anopheles funestus, a major malaria vector in sub-Saharan Africa. The study reveals significant genetic diversity and ancient lineage differences that could inform new strategies to prevent malaria transmission.
Elizabeth Rhoades, Associate Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has been awarded the 2019 Michael and Kate Bárány Award for her outstanding work on structure-function relations in disordered systems. The award recognizes her innovative use of single-molecule tools to gain insights into conformational landscapes.
A new tool predicts dengue outbreaks in the Caribbean after droughts and intense rainfall, helping plan interventions to reduce disease risk. The model, developed by ISGlobal, considers combined impacts of drought and rainfall on mosquito-borne diseases.
Tropical Depression Jongdari has been stretched out by wind shear, according to NASA's Aqua satellite image captured on July 30. The storm is expected to re-strengthen into a tropical storm and make landfall near Shanghai on August 2.
A new nano-sized trap device has been developed by McGill University scientists to detect disease-causing bacteria quickly and accurately. The device can analyze very small volumes of culture media containing bacteria such as E. coli and S. aureus in just minutes.
Homo sapiens developed a unique ecological position as a global 'general specialist', occupying diverse and challenging environments. The species' ability to adapt to extreme settings stands in contrast to previous and coexisting hominins, suggesting how it became the last surviving hominin on Earth.
A research group led by Professor Andrei Kozlov has identified a key genetic bottleneck effect that could help design an HIV vaccine. By analyzing blood samples from injecting drug users with early stages of HIV infection, scientists discovered that all viruses share a common ancestor.
A human study found that short training sessions spaced out over weeks improved retention of arbitrary associations, unlike a single 20-minute session. Neuroimaging data showed increased brain engagement in learning-related regions.
A new study found that injectable trace minerals alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress in lactating Holstein cows exposed to aflatoxin. The researchers discovered that the minerals increased liver concentrations of selenium and iron and boosted serum glutathione peroxidase activity.
A computer model of a planet's lifecycle reveals stagnant lid planets can sustain liquid water and potentially life for billions of years. The presence and amount of heat-producing elements are key indicators of habitability, according to Penn State researchers.
Researchers have developed a memory-processing unit using memristors, which can perform numerical calculations in parallel, reducing the need for manual multiplication and summation. This innovation has potential applications in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and simulations for weather forecasting.
Researchers at UConn and UTRC developed 'smart' machine components that alert users to damage and wear using advanced additive manufacturing technology. The components use semisolid metal ink to create conductive silver filament lines that act as wear sensors, detecting damage in real-time.
Researchers from the University of Houston have reported a new understanding of deep earthquakes, finding they are hosted in anisotropic rocks. This discovery explains why deep earthquakes radiate seismic energy differently than shallow ones, offering insights into the causes of these events.
Researchers used platinum particles as indicators for volcanic ash travel and dated sediments to pinpoint radical climate change patterns. The study connected these changes to three major catastrophic volcanoes from the Little Ice Age and Medieval Warming periods.
A new AI model developed by researchers at the University of Waterloo can accurately detect atomic structures in metals, leading to greater confidence in determining their integrity. The system uses deep learning and generates images of defects to produce a highly effective algorithm for identifying various types of crystal structures.
Scientists warn that rising CO2 levels could cause Western Europe and New Zealand to revert to a hot tropical climate similar to the early Paleogene period. Land temperatures were estimated to be 10-15°C higher than current average temperatures, with annual land temperatures ranging from 23-29°C.
Researchers describe how Oropouche virus replicates in human cells by hijacking the Golgi complex, a process that could lead to novel targets for preventing infection. The study provides new insights into the replication mechanisms of emerging viruses.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a laser-based process to create three-dimensional hard carbon anodes with improved conductivity and capacity for sodium-ion batteries. This breakthrough enables the mass production of high-performance anodes, paving the way for widespread adoption of sodium-ion batteries in energy storage applications.
Physicists applied high pressure to create polycrystal samples of dysprosium germanide, revealing a charge-density wave phenomenon. The wave influences crystal lattice distortions and magnetic ordering, leading to an anti-ferromagnetic order at lower temperatures.
Researchers have successfully reversed hair loss and skin inflammation in mice fed a Western diet high in fat and cholesterol. The experimental compound D-PDMP halts the production of glycosphingolipids, which are major components of skin and cell membranes.
A study of youth opinions on guns and regulation found that most young people support stricter gun control laws to prevent mass shootings. The majority of survey respondents believed that these laws could help reduce the frequency and severity of such incidents.