A team of researchers from TU Wien has successfully guided sound waves through an air-filled tube containing irregular obstacles using their wave manipulation concept. By precisely controlling loudspeakers along the tube, they were able to counteract complex dispersal and enable the sound wave to pass with minimal restriction.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a sound wave-based platform that can separate circulating tumor cells from blood samples with high efficiency, making it suitable for clinical use. The technology uses acoustic force to push larger cancer cells into a separate channel, preserving the functions and native states of the cells.
Researchers have characterized plasma turbulence at the outer edge of Wendelstein 7-X, a critical step in understanding how to build energy-producing reactors. The study reveals that turbulence propagates in the direction of ion flow and changes character upon changes in magnetic topology.
A new study found that surgeons have a substantial impact on genetic testing rates among breast cancer patients who need it. High-volume surgeons were more likely to refer patients for testing, while those with lower volumes saw less of a correlation between risk factors and testing rates.
A study on 563 women who froze their eggs between 2009 and 2017 found that only 12.8% returned to the clinic for reproduction treatment, with an overall success rate of 32.6%. The majority of returning social freezers had found a suitable partner to pursue motherhood.
Researchers at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences have developed a new method using fiber-optic cables to detect earthquakes and other ground movements. The technique reveals structural features in the underground with unprecedented resolution, outperforming existing seismological networks worldwide.
Researchers found that fish adjust their escape behavior and keep a safe distance outside the shooting range when a speargun is present. The level of timidity varies depending on the size of the fish, type of diver, and location within protected areas.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found a potential link between microRNAs and sepsis, identifying two molecules that silence inflammatory gene expression. These biomarkers could help diagnose patients at risk of organ failure and death, allowing for faster treatment and potentially saving lives.
A new study by Harvard University researchers suggests that natural selection can favor different personality types in lizards, affecting their behavior and survival. In the experiment, bold lizards were found to survive longer when predators were present, but their mortality increased when predators were absent.
Researchers discovered that men with higher levels of testosterone have a stronger preference for luxury brands, such as Calvin Klein jeans over Levi's. This is because testosterone promotes behaviors associated with status-seeking and status-protecting, similar to animal behaviors like aggression.
Researchers have identified O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) as a key molecule responsible for the sex-specific patterns of gene expression. High levels of H3K27me3 in the female placenta produce resilience to stress, which may explain why females are less susceptible to neurodevelopmental disorders than males.
Primary HPV testing detects precancerous lesions earlier and more accurately than Pap smears, according to a large randomized clinical trial of nearly 19,000 women. Women who were HPV negative were also less likely to have cervical pre-cancer after four years.
A new computational strategy using Bayesian analysis and CRISPR/Cas9 screening technology has identified 29 genetic changes contributing to rhabdomyosarcoma, a common childhood cancer. The study suggests potential treatments for the disease and provides a general approach for identifying oncogenic drivers in other cancers.
Since the world's first test-tube baby was born in 1978, over 8 million babies have been conceived through IVF, with a record 157,449 babies born in Europe in 2015. European pregnancy rates for IVF and ICSI have stabilized at around 36%, while egg donation treatments have seen significant rises, with pregnancy rates now at about 50%.
The study using data from NASA's NuSTAR space telescope reveals that Eta Carinae accelerates particles to high energies, some of which may reach Earth as cosmic rays. The team's analysis suggests that the accelerated electrons and other particles are ejected in violent shock waves along the boundary of the colliding stellar winds.
A new study at MIT's Picower Institute found that the posterior parietal cortex plays a crucial role in converting vision into action. The research team identified specific neurons in this region that respond to visual patterns and motor actions, suggesting a key link between seeing and acting.
Researchers equip a US bridge with sensors that can detect cracks and alert maintenance engineers, increasing supervision of critical areas and extending structure lifetimes. The system uses Comparative Vacuum Monitoring sensors that can detect tiny cracks smaller than the thickness of a dime.
Research study found that consciousness is not fully lost during general anesthesia, with brain processing words and sounds even when subjects do not recall them. The study used EEG and PET to monitor changes caused by anaesthetics.
By modeling the breakup of an oscillating stream of liquid, researchers have gleaned a better understanding of how sprays form. The study found that an oscillating stream breaks into a wider spray of finer droplets than a straight jet, improving fuel-air mixing efficiency.
A study suggests that nature-based citizen science can reverse the 'extinction of experience' by fostering cognitive and emotional connections to nature. Citizen science programs increase participants' knowledge, skills, interest in and curiosity about nature, leading to positive behavioral changes.
A new paper by Daniel J. Soeder and Douglas B. Kent summarizes the environmental impacts of shale development, providing a balanced understanding of fracking's merits and demerits. The study addresses various potential impacts of fracking, offering insights for non-geoscientists and experts alike.
A Department of Justice investigation into implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement in Medicare patients resulted in decreased use of the devices, especially at hospitals that reached settlements. The study found a significant decline in ICDs placed outside established criteria for reimbursement.
People exposed to paint, varnish, and solvents are 50% more likely to develop multiple sclerosis. Those with the genetic risk factors and solvent exposure have nearly seven times the risk of developing MS compared to those without solvent exposure or genetic risk factors.
Researchers at Florida State University develop novel, modular scheme for producing large quantities of 5-8-5 ring structure, opening door to new medicinal compounds. The simplified methodology could aid scientists in understanding potential medicinal properties of synthetic products.
Researchers found that elderly people who feel younger than their age show fewer signs of brain aging and have increased gray matter volume in key brain regions. This suggests that caring for brain health may be important for those who feel older than their age.
Researchers found greater than expected deforestation in Southeast Asia's highlands, resulting in a 29.3 million-hectare loss of forest between 2000 and 2014. This represents a 57% increase over current estimations, primarily due to agricultural expansion.
A new study reveals that Chile's sugar tax led to a significant decrease in the purchase volume of sugary soft drinks, particularly among high socioeconomic groups. However, the reduction was statistically insignificant for low-income groups, suggesting that further evaluations are needed to address socioeconomic inequalities.
Men treated with ICSI for infertility have a significantly higher risk of developing early-onset prostate cancer, which is considered more aggressive. The study found that this risk is associated with male sub-fertility, not the ICSI procedure itself.
A study published in Nature Communications found that testosterone increases men's preference for luxury products associated with high social status, rather than power or quality. The research team tested 243 male participants and found a causal link between testosterone levels and increased liking for status-enhancing goods.
A research team has used an integrated structural biological approach to elucidate the maturation of a cancer-causing microRNA in gene regulation. Understanding this process may help develop new therapies for cancer treatment.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a significant impact on the US healthcare system, with estimated annual costs of $32 billion. The prevalence of NAFLD mirrors the rising trend of obesity in the United States, affecting roughly 100 million Americans.
A recent study found that increased fetal exposure to folic acid due to grain fortification is associated with altered postnatal brain development and psychiatric risk in youth. Cortical thickness on MRI scans revealed significant changes, highlighting the need for further research into micronutrient effects on brain development.
Hurricane Fabio's cloud top temperatures reached as low as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storm capabilities. The storm is expected to strengthen into a major hurricane later in the forecast period.
A recent study by University of Texas at Arlington researcher Shima Hamidi finds a correlation between urban sprawl and decreased life expectancy in the US. The study suggests that changes in urban planning and building practices can help improve quality-of-life issues, including life expectancy and economic mobility.
A new quantitative suspension array assay (qSAT) has been developed to measure antibodies against multiple Plasmodium falciparum proteins, simplifying sero-epidemiological studies and vaccine development. The assay is highly sensitive and specific, allowing for detailed analysis of natural and vaccine-induced antibody responses.
Researchers have identified oocyte-specific factors that can drive somatic cell reprogramming by modulating the epigenetic landscape. These factors include histones and their chaperones, histone deacetylases and acetyltransferases, and transcription factors.
Researchers discovered a self-sealing mechanism in the seed pods of Banksia plants, where special waxes melt at 45-55°C to seal small cracks. This adaptation protects seeds from environmental challenges, such as moisture and pathogens, and may have potential applications for dimensionally stable wood.
A large population study from Denmark found no causal association between assisted reproduction treatment and increased risk of ovarian cancer. Female infertility, rather than ovarian stimulation, was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
A new microfluidics technique has been developed to construct microchannels with efficient gas exchange, potentially delivering nearly a third of the oxygen needed by preterm newborns. The design uses both sides of the membrane for gas exchange and is more effective than previous single-sided counterparts.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh developed a new approach to model complex chemical reactions, enabling better understanding of fundamental reactions and their impact on chemical engineering. PhD student Yasemin Basdogan created an artistic depiction of the research for the journal cover.
Researchers found that anticipating stress can lower working memory later in the day, regardless of actual stressful events. This effect was particularly pronounced for older adults, who already experience cognitive decline.
Typhoon Prapiroon's ragged eye became cloud-filled as it moved into the Sea of Japan, affecting the Korean Peninsula and southern Japan. Maximum sustained winds were near 75 mph, with the typhoon weakening due to increasing wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures.
NASA's Aqua satellite detects Tropical Depression 10W, forecast to intensify into a typhoon. The system is expected to pass over the Marianas late Wednesday night or early Thursday, bringing tropical storm conditions and damaging winds to Guam.
Researchers at UC Davis will investigate human brain's attention systems with higher resolution than ever attempted, aiming to understand and treat attention disorders. They plan to use combined fMRI and EEG methods to measure brain activity in volunteers.
A new study warns that failure to meet the 2°C warming limit will lead to sea level rise and dire global economic consequences. The researchers found that upper-middle income countries like China will see the largest increase in flood costs, while high-income countries will suffer the least.
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhance wellbore stability by plugging nano-sized pores in shale formations. This study investigates the effects of MWCNT & PEG on water base mud performance, revealing improved rheological properties and thermal stability.
Researchers found that individuals with more mature personalities view solitude positively, using it for creative activities. In contrast, those with less developed egos tend to avoid solitude and feel lonely.
The study found a 16.1% decline in ICD placements not meeting Medicare coverage criteria at hospitals that settled with the DOJ, while non-Medicare patients also showed declines. Hospital-level variation remained, with top performers having less than 3.8% of ICDs not meeting criteria
Researchers found over 70% of implants colonized by bacteria, fungi, or both, without causing infections. The discovery opens up a new field of understanding the interplay between the body and microbiomes.
Researchers found that increased in utero folic acid exposure was associated with changes in later brain development, predicting a reduced risk for symptoms of psychosis. These findings suggest that prenatal folic acid fortification may be an important intervention in preventing severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia.
Researchers developed a rapid method for creating highly detailed physical models directly from volumetric data stacks, overcoming current limitations in 3D data processing workflows. The new approach enables accurate anatomical details to be replicated in 3D-printed models, improving diagnostics and presurgical planning.
Research predicts a disease burden of 125.8 million DALYs globally due to climate change-induced crop nutrient deficiencies, primarily affecting South-East Asian and sub-Saharan African countries.
This study evaluated perioral soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery using 3D CT scans. Significant post-operative changes were observed in nasolabial and mentolabial angles, while lip width remained unchanged.
A new study forecasts up to 1,000 additional deaths annually in the Eastern US due to elevated air pollution from increased air conditioning use. The study suggests transitioning to clean energy sources like wind and solar power to mitigate these effects.
The American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM) presents annual research awards and grants to support innovative research initiatives. This year, more than $300,000 was awarded to support projects in osteoarthritis, sports medicine research, and education.
Researchers found the sandy soils in Chaco Canyon were suitable for agriculture, suggesting the ancestral Puebloans were self-sufficient. The most significant challenge was irrigation, where they demonstrated adroit farming skills and land management.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new method to synthesize multi-substituted anilines, enabling further developments in medical and materials science. The catalyst-based domino rearrangement reaction offers improved efficiency and selectivity over conventional methods.
A review highlights the importance of early detection, community-based supports, and caregiver education in caring for seniors with dementia. These interventions have been shown to delay admission to long-term care facilities and reduce caregiver stress.
Research reveals that good bacteria interact with epithelial cells and immune system cells to balance immune responses and protect the gut from inflammation. Manipulating the microbiota may offer therapeutic benefits for conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers from the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine used an HPV vaccine as an off-label treatment for a patient with advanced squamous cell carcinoma. The patient's tumors completely resolved after direct intratumoral injections, providing promising results in this innovative approach to skin cancer treatment.
The University of Hawai'i Cancer Center has been awarded a $6 million Cancer Center Support Grant to fund research at the Center. The renewal of its National Cancer Institute (NCI) designation recognizes the Center's unique contributions to cancer research and care in Hawaii, particularly for diverse ethnic populations.
A Brazilian research project has identified six genomic regions linked to weight gain in Nelore cattle, a breed adapted to tropical climates. The study, led by Diercles Cardoso, used DNA analysis to pinpoint genes associated with growth and weight gain, offering potential for improvement of the breed's food efficiency.
Researchers at University of Bath and Cardiff University have developed a novel switch to control genome editing, enabling reliable protein expression on demand. The switch uses a cheap, non-toxic amino acid as the control mechanism, addressing concerns over antibiotic resistance and 'leakiness'.
Researchers discovered a neural circuit in parrots that may underlie their intelligence, similar to the pontine nuclei found in primates. The medial spiriform nucleus, located in birds, is comparable in function to the pontine nuclei and plays a key role in higher-order processing and sophisticated behaviors.
Researchers analyzed nearly four decades of TV footage from the Tour of Flanders and found that trees were advancing their leafing and flowering in response to warmer temperatures. This phenomenon, known as phenology, can have significant impacts on ecosystems, affecting animal habitats and plant species.
Researchers have developed copper nitride semiconductors that can replace toxic materials in photovoltaic cells, offering a brighter future for solar energy. The unique nitriding technique and fluorine doping enable efficient p-type and n-type conduction, promising scalable and low-cost manufacturing routes.
A majority of Australian GPs support medicinal cannabis use in palliative care and chronic conditions, highlighting the need for GP training. Despite their support, many feel uninformed and inadequately trained to handle patient enquiries about medicinal cannabis.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to measure and reconstruct interstitial fluid flow velocities in the brain. The technique reveals high variability in flow rates and magnitudes, contradicting the classical idea of a uniform flow rate. This discovery could potentially help predict tumor growth and improve cancer treatments.
A new study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine found that pelvic exams lack reliability and provide little new information for diagnosing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in adolescent females. The study's authors argue that rapid urine STD testing provides a more accurate and less invasive way to diagnose these diseases.
A new study led by Gideon Nave found that giving men a single dose of testosterone increased their preference for higher-status goods. The study measured participants' preferences and positive attitudes about products, serving as a foundation for forecasting consumer behavior.
A new study reveals that mothers of juvenile offenders maintain high aspirations for their sons, but lower expectations due to continued delinquency. Lower-income mothers tend to have higher aspirations for upward mobility.
Researchers have created a window-compatible material that can generate electricity and insulate against heat, leading to potential savings of over 50% on household energy costs. The dual-function material could pave the way for new technologies such as self-powered greenhouses.
A large randomized trial has found that endometrial scratching, a commonly offered add-on treatment for IVF, does not improve pregnancy or live birth rates. The study involved over 1300 women and measured pain discomfort scores, contradicting previous studies that suggested a benefit from the procedure.
A randomized trial tested the effectiveness of energizing eggs with a patient's own mitochondria in assisted reproduction. The procedure was found to have no impact on pregnancy or live birth rates, contradicting previous claims. The study suggests that the technique is not beneficial for patients with a poor prognosis for success.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 to tweak wing colors of the squinting bush brown butterfly, resulting in changes to scale structure and rigidity. The study reveals that pigmentation genes have dual roles in forming wing scales.
A new study suggests that fixed theories of interest may prevent people from exploring new topics, leading to a limitation in their academic pursuits. The researchers argue that adopting a growth theory can encourage individuals to develop their passion and be more open to new experiences.
Researchers confirm that quality conversations are linked to greater happiness, but find small talk has no relationship with happiness. The study's results hold true for both introverts and extroverts, contradicting previous findings.
A study published in Radiology found that cardiac hybrid imaging, combining CT and nuclear stress testing, is an excellent long-term predictor of adverse cardiac events. The imaging approach helps identify stenosis and perfusion, providing critical information for treatment decisions.
Scientists have found that comet 67P's molecular oxygen is not produced on its surface, contradicting previous theories. The majority of the molecular oxygen in the coma is likely primordial and originated from the comet's body.
Researchers found that adult stem cells in the intestines are replaced by fetal growth genes after parasite injury, enabling rapid wound repair. This discovery could lead to new treatments for internal wounds and improve understanding of mammalian body repair mechanisms.
A recent study published in CMAJ found anticonvulsants to be ineffective for chronic low back pain and lumbar radicular pain, with a higher risk of adverse events.
A recent study published in eLife discovered that altered collagen structure leads to tissue stiffness during lung fibrosis progression. The researchers identified a compound that blocks LOXL enzymes, which can prevent tissue stiffening and limit fibrosis. This finding suggests new treatment approaches for lung fibrosis.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered that MTSS1 controls the branching of neurons by activating one pathway and inhibiting another. This protein plays a dual role, regulating actin filaments to facilitate efficient and uniform coverage of the surrounding environment.
A recent study has traced the origins of deadly chytrid fungus to East Asia, highlighting the need for increased biosafety guidelines and trade regulations to prevent its spread. The researchers sequenced pathogen samples from around the world and identified four main genetic lineages of the fungus, including one found only in Korea.
A UMass Amherst researcher is using a five-year NSF grant to investigate how the brain learns to control and remember walking. Her study aims to understand motor learning processes in healthy people and those with neurological disorders, with the goal of developing new treatments to improve walking function.
Researchers found elevated levels of tau and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 biomarkers after high-acceleration head impacts, even without clinical concussion. The study suggests a potential new avenue for reducing risk to young athletes through technological improvements and game rule refinements.
The Wallenberg-NTU Fellowship will support top early-career researchers in AI, Autonomous Systems, and/or Software, with up to $200,000 in additional funding for research at Swedish universities or industry partners. The fellowship aims to drive discovery, expand knowledge, and advance innovation beyond Singapore's borders.
The team's device can produce one billion electrons per second and uses quantum mechanics to control them. This breakthrough paves the way for future quantum information processing applications, including defence, cybersecurity and encryption.
Low-income families with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) experience high out-of-pocket healthcare costs, including insurance premiums and prescription medications. Researchers found nearly one in four low-income families face catastrophic financial burdens.
Small cell lung cancer researchers identified a key metabolic pathway that can be targeted with existing drugs, offering new treatment options. The study found that cancer cells become highly dependent on purine synthesis to grow and spread.
The Department of Energy has selected Argonne National Laboratory to lead an Energy Frontier Research Center focused on advanced materials for energy-water systems. Researchers will explore interface phenomena, fouling, reactivity, and the interconnectedness of water and energy to develop innovative solutions.
A team of international researchers has discovered a new family of cytochrome P450 enzymes that can convert lignin into valuable products. The discovery represents a new class of P450s, Family N, with a two-component architecture.
A large randomized placebo-controlled study found no evidence that rhG-CSF improves outcomes in women with a history of unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses. The study involved 150 women and showed similar clinical pregnancy rates between the treatment and placebo groups.
Researchers from ETH Zurich have found that cold, iron-rich seawater from the North American continental slope is captured by meanders of the Gulf Stream and carried out to the North Atlantic Gyre, enriching it with iron. The study suggests that this source may deliver up to 15% of the iron delivered by Saharan dust.
A recent statewide survey of Illinois child care providers and early interventionists reveals that many struggle to accommodate infants and toddlers with disabilities in their settings. The study highlights the need for training and resources to support caregivers in identifying and supporting children with disabilities. The findings e...
Researchers have found that cancer stem cells exist in multiple states and can change form, making them resistant to treatment. By targeting cell metabolism, they may be able to kill these stem cells, potentially opening up a new approach to cancer therapy.