The Wellcome Sanger Institute has sequenced the genomes of over 3,000 bacteria, including some of the world's most dangerous pathogens. This collection will help researchers better understand antibiotic resistance and develop new diagnostic tests, vaccines, or treatments for deadly diseases such as tuberculosis, gonorrhoea, and cholera.
Researchers developed a sensor that can detect halitosis with high sensitivity and portability, providing doctors with a convenient test for diagnosing the condition. The sensor uses a color-changing chemical reaction to detect traces of hydrogen sulfide gas in breath samples.
A recent study published in Neurology found that black and Hispanic people are at higher risk of having another intracerebral hemorrhage, or bleeding stroke, compared to white people. The study, which analyzed data from over 2,200 patients, also found significant racial differences in blood pressure and its impact on stroke risk.
Researchers have developed a new nuclear medicine procedure that can safely and effectively detect cancerous gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The novel radiolabeled tracer Ga-OPS202 has been shown to improve imaging contrast and sensitivity for detecting primary tumors or liver metastases.
A two-year project found significant declines in birds of prey across Botswana, with 14 out of 29 species monitored showing decreases. The study suggests climate change and poisoning by poachers as potential causes, highlighting the need for urgent research.
Researchers examined neuropeptide changes in aggressive and non-aggressive Africanized honeybees, finding that specific peptides can trigger aggression. The study provides new insights into the neurological basis for honeybee behavior, highlighting the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors.
Breast cancer patients aged 70 and over in England have a higher risk of mortality due to reduced surgical intervention compared to other countries. Patients with stage three breast cancer in England are also more likely to not receive surgery, which has been linked to poorer survival rates.
Researchers have created a comprehensive genetic atlas of human plasma proteins, identifying nearly 2,000 genetic associations with almost 1,500 proteins. This discovery promises to aid in the development of new drugs and enhance our understanding of various diseases.
Researchers developed a novel double-layered porous nanotube structure with spatially separated photoredox surfaces for enhanced photocatalytic activity. The structure, synthesized using a self-template strategy, showed improved charge carrier separation and surface redox reaction sites.
A recent study published in Addiction found that abstainers had a higher risk of sickness absence due to mental disorders, while at-risk drinkers were more prone to absence due to injury or poisoning. The U-shaped association suggests different underlying health issues for the two groups.
A new study found that combination CC+AZ therapy is safe and effective for patients with elevated estradiol or low testosterone/estradiol ratios. The treatment improves testosterone levels and reduces estradiol levels by lowering conversion of testosterone to estradiol.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model suggests BUP exposure decreases during pregnancy, requiring dose increases to maintain efficacy. After delivery, a reduction in buprenorphine dose is necessary.
Researchers have identified a safer way to make rugby tackles by reducing the impact on the head. The recommended techniques include tackling at the lower trunk and avoiding high-impact tackles to the upper trunk. These strategies aim to minimize the risk of concussions and other head injuries.
Researchers at Drexel University successfully transplanted V2a interneurons into injured rodent spinal cords, improving respiratory function and demonstrating potential for future treatment of paralyzed patients. The study capitalizes on previous findings that these cells contribute to plasticity and self-repair in the spinal cord.
Researchers at TUM have developed a biodegradable insect deterrent that repels pests without poisoning them, potentially saving bees and other beneficial insects. The new product is produced by bacteria that use terpenoid-based compounds to protect themselves from pests, offering an alternative to traditional synthetic pesticides.
Researchers found that haemosporidians impede migratory performance in infected birds, causing them to arrive later at breeding grounds. Infected individuals have elevated white blood cell counts, indicating an immune response that may divert resources from migration.
Dr. Peña has made significant contributions to pediatric surgery, particularly in treating anorectal malformations and other congenital anomalies of the pelvis. His work introduced the posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) procedure, widely adopted by top surgeons worldwide.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a single molecular insulator that can effectively block leakage current in transistors, paving the way for smaller and more efficient devices. The breakthrough uses quantum interference-based approach to create a novel technique for blocking tunnelling conduction at the nanoscale.
A new study by Rice University sociologist Robert Werth suggests that risk assessment tools in the US parole system contribute to higher incarceration rates. The study found that these tools consider everyone a risk, leading to an environment where most people are supervised closely.
A new study led by the NIH identified roles for over two dozen genes shared with humans, many linked to human eye disorders, in causing cavefish blindness. Epigenetic regulation mechanisms have been found to play a key role in this process.
Researchers used social media images of cultural events to create a model that predicts neighborhoods with high wellbeing and gentrification. The study found a correlation between cultural capital and neighborhood growth, providing insights for city planners to prevent displacement.
The solar wind pressure increase in 2014 led to a change in the shape of our heliosphere. The boundaries of the heliosphere expanded outward as particles rebounded off their edges. This expansion can be seen in the increased density of energetic neutral atoms detected by IBEX, which have been traveling through space and returned to Earth.
A recent study found that teenage girls reported a higher degree of interference of daytime sleepiness on multiple aspects of their school and personal activities compared to boys. The study also showed that girls were more likely to miss school due to tiredness and felt less motivated in school because of poor sleep quality.
Hongdian Yang, a UC Riverside assistant professor, has received the prestigious Klingenstein-Simons Fellowship Award to advance his research on neuromodulation of tactile perception. The award will support his investigation into the noradrenergic system's role in modulating touch perception and its potential implications for understand...
Rice University researchers develop a molecular modeling framework that combines experimental data with coarse-grained simulations, enabling more accurate protein dynamics modeling. The technique reveals unanticipated molecular properties and can be scaled up to larger systems, reducing simulation time by hours.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center identified two biomarkers that indicate patients likely to develop osteolysis, a condition causing joint loosening and potential revision surgery. These biomarkers can be detected up to six years before diagnosis.
Researchers at Aalto University and Université de Montréal study the feasibility of flexible solar cells for industrial-scale production. The main challenges include encapsulation, durability, and environmental impact.
A recent BJS meta-analysis of published studies confirms that autologous fat transfer does not increase the risk of cancer recurrence in former breast cancer patients. The procedure can be performed safely to aid breast reconstruction after surgery.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis developed mathematical tools that determine when randomness emerges in stochastic systems, describing the kinetics before dissolving into randomness. The tools have potential to predict onset of chaos in nanoparticles to checking accounts.
A study by CHOP researchers found that patients with mitochondrial disease prefer self-administered treatments, daily treatment, and guaranteed access. However, they are less likely to participate if they need to discontinue their current medications or undergo invasive procedures.
A new study suggests that eating mangos may be more effective than taking a comparable amount of fiber in relieving constipation. The research found that mango polyphenols helped improve gut health by reducing markers of inflammation and changing the microbiome.
A team of researchers has found a way to couple and precisely control quantum systems using phonons, the smallest units of sound waves. This allows for the creation of a scalable quantum network, enabling new technological breakthroughs.
Researchers have identified a new less-invasive treatment option for patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), using ultra-protective mechanical ventilation. This approach may mitigate further lung injury and improve outcomes without requiring extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal.
A recent study found that immigrants in Switzerland are more likely to experience sleep disorders due to high levels of emotional distress. The study analyzed data from 17,968 participants and found that immigrants reported higher levels of trouble falling asleep, disrupted sleep, and early morning awakenings.
A recent study found that employing envy in marketing can boost brands but also completely backfire, depending on a consumer's self-esteem. People with high self-worth are more likely to want the envied brand and stay motivated to attain it.
Researchers at MIT developed an algorithm to prioritize and transmit data from sensors in real-time, ensuring the freshest possible data is received by a network. The algorithm calculates an 'index' based on data age, channel reliability, and node priority, guaranteeing optimal decision-making without overloading wireless channels.
Research reveals that intensive groundwater pumping can lead to arsenic contamination in aquifers supplying 1 million people's drinking water and irrigation for crops. Satellite-derived measurements predict arsenic concentrations in groundwater by monitoring ground sinking.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a fungus-produced pigment, xylindein, that could become a sustainable alternative to silicon in electronic applications. The pigment, found in infected wood, has high durability and stability, making it suitable for wearable electronics.
Researchers have developed a novel audio-visual model that can isolate and enhance speech in videos, even in challenging real-world scenarios. The model uses both visual cues, such as lip movements, and auditory signals to focus on the speaker's voice and improve speech quality.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that about 25% of Americans experience acute insomnia annually, but 75% recover normal sleep within a year. The study tracked 1,435 adults nationwide and found no significant differences in recovery rates among racial, ethnic, or gender lines.
The ADMYRE trial found a statistically significant increase in overall survival with plitidepsin plus dexamethasone compared to dexamethasone alone. The two-stage model showed a 11.6-month overall survival in the plitidepsin arm, exceeding 6.4 months for dexamethasone.
The Endocrine Society has launched a new podcast, the Endocrine News podcast, which explores the latest advances in hormone research and clinical care. The first two episodes focus on efforts to develop a male birth control pill and the risk of novel cancer therapies triggering diabetes and other endocrine complications.
An international team of academics reveals that turn-taking behaviour, a hallmark of human conversation, is remarkably widespread across the animal kingdom. The study proposes a new comparative framework for future research on turn-taking behaviour, which may shed light on the evolution of language.
Researchers used deuterium to estimate heat flow in Yellowstone hot springs, accounting for both visible and subsurface water flows. The new method provides an important step towards understanding the complex processes driving Yellowstone's volcano and geothermal features.
Researchers from IGB and international colleagues found that energy efficiency in lake ecosystems is lower than assumed, with only 10% of energy remaining after each trophic transfer. This discovery opens new possibilities for investigating aquatic ecosystems using size distribution as a tool.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University and Tbilisi State University investigate conditions for soliton formation in the solar corona and Earth's ionosphere. They successfully mathematically prove the possibility of soliton emergence, with significant implications for space navigation and safety.
A new study found that only half of migraine patients referred for behavioral treatment made an appointment, citing lack of time, cost concerns, and skepticism as barriers. Despite being first-line, safe, and effective treatments, many patients are not accessing these therapies due to perceived barriers.
A recent study by researchers from the University of Hawaii at Manoa found that nutrient pollution accelerates ocean acidification's negative impacts on coral reefs. This increases calcification rates, disrupts natural chemical dynamics, and promotes seaweed growth over corals.
A Rutgers-led ENIGMA team will investigate the evolution of protein nanomachines, which may have arisen before life began, using a $6 million NASA grant. The team aims to understand the earliest processes that support life, including the movement of electrons and hydrogen atoms.
New research from Cornell University challenges widely accepted radiocarbon dating standards, potentially altering historical timelines for the southern Levant region. The study reveals variations in the radiocarbon cycle, causing offsets of up to 20 years in calibration, which could be related to climatic conditions.
A study published in the Journal of Experimental Biology found that dogs tend to eat high-fat food, while cats prefer carbohydrates. The research challenged traditional thinking on cat nutrition and highlights age and lean body mass as factors influencing macronutrient choices.
Researchers create method to detect individual phonons, enabling study of phonon decay and its implications for quantum technologies. The technique uses ultra-short laser pulses to excite and probe phonons in diamond crystals.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai have identified a link between the presence of hydrogen sulfide gas in the gut and diarrhea in patients with small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A new four-gas breath test device is being developed to improve diagnosis and treatment for these conditions.
Clinical Trials in a Dish (CTiD) offers a novel strategy to test drugs on patient cells before moving into actual clinical trials. CTiD studies have opened up new avenues for screening cell-based safety and toxicity at the population level, enabling efficient testing with reduced costs.
A pilot study found promising effects of a combined sleep health and yoga intervention on improving sleep disturbance, impairment, and behaviors. Participants experienced significant improvements in sleep quality, daytime functioning, and relaxation after the six-week intervention.
Researchers found that high densities of sea cucumbers maintain stable oxygen conditions in sediment, while removal leads to a 63% decrease. The study highlights the importance of conserving moderate to high densities of sea cucumbers to protect shallow water ecosystems and coastal livelihoods.
Researchers discovered a chemical compound that lowers sugar levels as effectively as metformin but with a 30-times lower dose, providing an alternative treatment option for patients unresponsive to the current medication. The study published in PLOS One could lead to the development of a new and effective drug to fight diabetes.
A new study reveals that testosterone regulates the levels of protein BAFF, which affects B cell production in the spleen. This link has significant implications for understanding and treating autoimmune diseases like lupus.
A new study from researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that hospitals receiving bundled payments for joint replacements either voluntarily or through Medicare's mandatory programs vary in size and volume but not in spending or quality. The authors suggest both programs are needed to engage more hospitals.
A recent study has revealed significant microbiome differences between infants born in rural and urban areas of Nigeria, which begin as early as infancy. The researchers found that rural infants had more diverse microbiomes and higher levels of beneficial bacterial species than their urban counterparts.