A new Yale study finds that global lake evaporation will increase 16 percent by the end of the century as a result of climate change. The specific mechanisms driving this phenomenon are not what scientists expected, with other factors such as shortened ice periods and changes in heat energy allocation playing a crucial role.
A study of dual job holders found that they do not prioritize one job over the other and demonstrate high levels of work engagement and performance. However, this often leads to increased work-family conflict due to time spent away from home.
Scientists from Cincinnati Children's and UCSF have discovered a mechanism behind an unusual form of tissue regeneration in mice with Alagille syndrome, a rare liver disease. This discovery may lead to a viable treatment for human disease by instructing other types of liver cells to switch identities.
Substantial barriers to access persist in US states with medical aid-in-dying laws despite legalization. Socioeconomic inequalities exacerbate disparities in healthcare, limiting access to lethal medication for terminally ill patients.
New research from UBC Okanagan shows that community-based initiatives and microgrants are effective in increasing physical activity among breast cancer survivors. The program, Project MOVE, supports community-led interventions and fosters social support and confidence
Analysis of hundreds of human prostate tumors revealed that the most aggressive cancers depend on a built-in cellular stress response to put a brake on their own hot-wired physiology. Experiments showed that blocking this stress response causes treatment-resistant cancer cells to self-destruct while leaving normal cells unaffected.
UCLA researchers discovered a promising drug strategy blocking tau transmission, which could slow neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. A small molecule called cambinol blocks the transfer of tau aggregates from cell to cell.
Researchers are testing a neurostimulation technique using a vagus nerve stimulator to boost motor recovery in stroke patients with poor arm function. The study has shown promising results, with approximately 85% of participants benefiting from the treatment.
The article explores four key strategies to prevent environmental generational amnesia, which can accelerate environmental degradation. Coral reef restoration is also discussed, highlighting the importance of herbivory, reducing coral predation, and promoting algae-farming fishes. Additionally, passive acoustic monitoring in freshwater...
A pioneering paper provides a practical guide for infection control in clinics, emphasizing the importance of hand hygiene, injection safety, cleaning, sterilization, and high-level disinfection. The guide promotes a proactive approach to infection prevention and control, empowering patients to hold healthcare providers accountable.
A recent study found that hepatitis C cases among infants are increasing due to the opioid epidemic, with a significant proportion remaining undiagnosed. The study suggests that improved screening and testing protocols are needed to address this growing public health concern.
Researchers propose a two-stage system converting urban waste into gas under reducing conditions, then burning the gas efficiently in optimized equipment. This method minimizes toxic substance generation and reduces CO2 emissions by up to 300 kg per ton of treated waste.
Researchers analyzed genetic material from organisms to assess dark diversity of sharks and found three times more species in wilderness areas than traditional visual methods. The results suggest a lower estimated dark diversity of sharks in the region, potentially impacting IUCN Red List classifications and aiding conservation efforts.
Hoary bats exhibit unusual silent behavior during their fall mating season, potentially to avoid eavesdropping from competitors and mates. The study suggests that this 'inconspicuous echolocation' may provide an advantage in the mating game but poses a deadly risk when encountering obstacles like wind turbines.
Researchers found a single species of bacteria in Laguna Caliente lake water, a toxic environment that resembles ancient Mars hot springs. This discovery may help scientists searching for signs of life on Mars.
A newly improved glass slide turns microscopes into thermometers, allowing scientists to visualize tiny objects while measuring their temperature. The breakthrough, made possible by a new transparent coating, has the potential to streamline scientific research worldwide and enhance industries such as computers and electronics.
A US study tracked antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii infections among children from 1999 to 2012, finding an overall increase in resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems, but a decline after 2008 due to improved infection control measures.
Researchers built a quantum version of Newton's cradle to study the behavior of quantum particles and understand how they reach thermal equilibrium. They observed that the chaotic motion leads to thermalization in a sequence of two exponential steps, challenging previous predictions.
A recent UK study found that French Bulldogs are prone to various health conditions, with ear infections, diarrhea, and conjunctivitis being the most common. The research also suggests that male French Bulldogs may be less healthy than females, highlighting concerns about the breed's welfare due to its extreme physical features.
Researchers at the University of Bristol used high-resolution meteorological modeling to study volcanic ash transport patterns. They identified how wind flow around the volcano topography controls ash deposit patterns, influencing ash deposition over hundreds of km from St Vincent, including on nearby islands and ships.
Researchers discovered that dopamine neurons respond to novel images but not familiar ones, indicating a key role in episodic memory formation. This finding has implications for understanding and treating diseases like Parkinson's, which often accompany cognitive issues such as memory problems.
Astronomers have successfully detected helium in the atmosphere of WASP-107b, a super-Neptune exoplanet. The detection was made using the Hubble Space Telescope and reveals an abundance of helium in the upper atmosphere, extending tens of thousands of kilometres into space.
A multicenter trial found that initial laryngeal tube insertion may be associated with better clinical outcomes than endotracheal intubation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The study, presented at SAEM18, compared the effectiveness of these two airway management techniques in adult OHCA resuscitation.
A team of Russian chemists has developed a new rhodium catalyst for organic synthesis, enabling the creation of complex molecular frameworks of antifungal agents. The catalyst's asymmetrical design allows for full spatial control over reaction outcomes.
A new study reveals that a family history of obesity is a significant risk factor for early onset and severity of childhood obesity. The research found that the youngest children were the most severely obese and showed signs of insulin resistance, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have developed Tumorcode, an open-source software that assembles multiple models to simulate tumor growth. The software allows for the study of topological and functional aspects of tumors, relevant for therapeutic treatments.
A recent study funded by Morris Animal Foundation found that tramadol is not an effective treatment for osteoarthritis pain in dogs. The research team compared tramadol to placebo and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, concluding that it was no more effective than a placebo.
A study found that China's reforestation programs failed to protect native forests, with overall tree cover growing mainly from monoculture plantations. Researchers advocate for stronger incentives to prioritize native forest restoration.
A new analysis highlights that undocumented people in certain states may get more medical help due to the current administration's effort to give states more flexibility with their health care spending. States like Florida and Texas have already received permission to increase funding for safety-net hospitals, leading to a 50-70% rise ...
A recent study published in Environmental Research Letters found that limiting global warming to 1.5°C would reduce flood hazards globally by 21%, whereas a 2°C limit would increase flood risks by an average of 11% across 21% of the world's land area.
A breakthrough in modular power electronics systems aims to revolutionize the way we distribute energy. By developing 'LEGO-like' power electronic systems with high-performance modular power converters, researchers can create flexible and efficient microgrids that can work in both grid-connected and autonomous modes.
Todd Holmes, UCI professor, receives NIH grant to study phototransduction in insects, aiming to design safer light-based insect control strategies. The research could lead to environmentally friendly alternatives to toxic pesticides, reducing health and environmental harm.
Scientists have identified three distinct subtypes of eosinophilic esophagitis, an emerging food allergic disease. The discovery provides a framework for developing precision medicines tailored to specific patient groups.
Researchers found that Evodia rutaecarpa extracts contain substances that can cause cardiac arrhythmia, specifically Torsade de pointes and ventricular fibrillation. The natural compounds dehydroevodiamine and hortiamine were shown to be potent inhibitors of potassium channels in the heart muscle.
Researchers discovered that rhesus macaques and children with autism spectrum disorder have lower vasopressin levels, linked to reduced sociability. The study suggests vasopressin as a potential biomarker for social deficits in autism.
A new study found that breast cancer places a significantly greater financial burden on black women than white women, with 58% of black women experiencing negative financial impact compared to 39% of white women. Black women were more likely to experience barriers to care due to cost, lose jobs or private health insurance.
A new platform, CrowdFit, uses crowdsourcing to create effective exercise plans that rival those of personal trainers. Nonexperts can craft workout regimens tailored to individual preferences and lifestyles.
Hawking and Hertog propose a new theory that predicts the universe is finite and globally smooth, contradicting eternal inflation. They base their approach on string theory and holography, which describes the universe as a complex hologram.
Researchers at Yale University have found hints of time crystals in monoammonium phosphate (MAP) crystals, which are easy to grow and commonly used in children's kits. The discovery presents new challenges for understanding how time crystals form and could lead to improvements in atomic clocks and quantum technologies.
A team of Purdue researchers is developing an app and wearable technology to detect preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication that can cause organ damage and premature birth. The device uses a simple but underused tool called the supine pressor test to assess blood flow through the kidney and identify the risk for preeclampsia.
Researchers found that 7.4% of NYC legislation between 1998 and 2017 could impact cardiovascular health, with enacted bills reducing air pollution, promoting physical activity, healthy diets, and tobacco cessation. These policies led to a 35% decline in adult smoking prevalence.
Researchers found that increasing urban agriculture, switching to renewable energy, reducing retail and consumer food waste, and adopting plant-based diets can significantly cut greenhouse gas emissions. By implementing these measures, cities can achieve a substantial reduction in their carbon footprint.
A former police chief and LEAP UK argue that harsher drug laws are ineffective in reducing violence and suggest a shift towards public health policies. They point to the failure of punitive approaches and highlight the need for regulation, taxation, support, and education.
Researchers discovered that plant statoliths exhibit fluid behavior due to molecular 'motors' stirring them about, enabling the detection of slightest gravity changes. This finding provides insight into what makes plants sensitive to gravity.
A new AI-powered algorithm has been developed to diagnose retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a leading cause of childhood blindness, with an accuracy rate of 91% compared to 82% for human experts. The algorithm uses deep learning to analyze images of infant eyes and can help prevent blindness in more babies worldwide.
A new article in BioScience proposes that education can be a powerful tool to empower students and inspire action on environmental sustainability. The authors argue that teachers should encourage students to investigate environmental issues, collect data, and participate in citizen science and conservation efforts.
Researchers found that older influential men and educated individuals were more likely to support female genital cutting, highlighting the need for targeted campaigns. The study provides new insights into addressing this practice through culturally sensitive approaches.
A recent study found that DES-exposed patients with clear-cell adenocarcinoma had significantly increased mortality rates, with risks up to 27 times higher than the general U.S. population. The risk of death decreased with age, emphasizing the importance of early detection and aggressive treatment.
Scientists have successfully created a fast, tunable, and stable nanoparticle-array laser, enabling ultrafast lasing dynamics with short and rapidly appearing laser pulses. The study showcases promising potential for all-optical switching and sensing applications.
Researchers from ITMO University developed a controlled light source based on nanodiamond, doubling emission speed without additional nanostructures. The artificial defects in the diamond crystal lattice enable efficient control of light emission, crucial for quantum computers and optical networks.
A recent study by North Carolina State University researcher Anna Manzoni found that young people with direct financial support from their parents have higher occupational status, while those who live at home with less support experience lower career outcomes. This highlights how social inequality is transmitted across generations.
Weight loss surgery can cause declines in bone mass and strength, with increased risk of bone fractures. Nutritional factors, mechanical unloading, hormonal changes, and body composition alterations contribute to poor bone health.
Scientists have confirmed the existence of a new cryptic amphipod species, Epimeria frankei, in the North Sea. The discovery was made possible by analyzing DNA barcodes and genomic information, which revealed subtle differences between two previously thought to be one species.
A new virus has been discovered in the waters of Oahu, Hawaii, which infects common marine algae and contains the largest genome ever sequenced for a viral infection. The virus, named TetV-1, appears to have picked up genes from its host, allowing it to survive in low-oxygen conditions.
Researchers have developed a new laboratory method to study magnetic reconnection, a process giving rise to solar flares and northern lights. The technique enables precise investigation of this phenomenon without overheating the plasma, opening doors to better understanding solar flares' impact on communication systems.
A Finnish study of 1,628 people found that frequent sauna bathing may be associated with a lower risk of stroke. Those who took a sauna four to seven times a week were 60% less likely to have a stroke than those who took only one per week.
Scientists have found a way to target specific gut bacteria using chemical compounds, potentially regulating diseases such as type I diabetes. The research suggests that this approach could lead to the development of drugs that permanently alter the composition of the microbiome.
Researchers identify two brain nuclei that send signals to opposite areas of the brain, sparking timid or bold responses. Stimulating these nuclei can shift a mouse's behavior from freezing to standing its ground, offering insights into treating anxiety disorders.
The study found that patients with unexplained atherosclerosis had significantly higher blood levels of toxic metabolites produced by intestinal bacteria. The researchers suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in an individual's risk for atherosclerosis, opening the door for new treatment options.
A pilot study found that machine learning algorithms can accurately predict students at risk of perpetrating school violence, outperforming human assessments in some cases. The technology has the potential to aid in preventing school violence by identifying high-risk individuals and providing targeted interventions.