The study used event-related potentials to assess grammatical gender processing in German, revealing that participants found it difficult to process sentences with mismatches. Grammatically masculine role-nouns seem to be interpreted as specific to men, yet are regularly used to refer to all genders.
New research from King's College London identifies changes in memory and attention as earliest signs of Alzheimer's in Down syndrome, paving the way for prevention trials. The study suggests that treatments could delay symptoms if started in the mid-30s with relatively low participant numbers.
Researchers analyzed severe influenza cases in Catalan hospitals to study vaccination effectiveness in reducing ICU admissions and deaths. Vaccination showed 23% effectiveness overall, with 44% for those over 65.
Research reveals genes that benefit one sex but harm the other can lead to poorer health in women after menopause. Genes that improve late-life male fitness accumulate even if they harm female fitness.
Craig H. Benson, UVA Engineering dean, has been elected AAAS Fellow for his pioneering work in geoenvironmental engineering and leadership in faculty development, advancing public understanding of science and fostering collaborations worldwide.
Researchers develop NMR analysis to pinpoint hazelnut country of origin, identifying distinct metabolite profiles for specific regions. The new method achieved 96% accuracy and could be combined with existing tests for enhanced reliability.
New insight into opto-mechanics of optical fibers can be applied to sensor systems with longer reach, higher spatial resolution, and better precision.
A new artificial joint, developed by Chalmers University of Technology, has restored important wrist-like movements to forearm amputees. The joint works with an osseointegrated implant system, allowing for much more naturalistic movements and intuitive control without sacrificing useful biological actuators.
Researchers from Technical University of Munich identified a previously unknown virus causing mass mortality in brown trout. The piscine reovirus is related to the virus infecting salmon in North Atlantic and Pacific, causing significant economic damage.
FIONA's first results confirm predictions for the mass numbers of moscovium and nihonium, two superheavy elements. The tool provides a reliable way to measure these numbers with experiments, addressing potential issues with nuclear mass models.
A recent study found that vaping encourages long-term relapse prevention and does not necessarily lead to a full relapse. Researchers interviewed 40 people who had quit smoking by switching to vaping and discovered that they perceived smoking lapses differently than in the past.
A post-city is characterized by dissociation, both social and cultural, leading to a lack of interaction between different demographics and a decline in traditional face-to-face communications. Urban residents are also post-nomads, mobile and dynamic, with multiple roles and activities.
Scientists have mapped the signal determining pancreatic progenitor cell fate, enabling the manufacturing of insulin-producing beta cells from stem cells. The research facilitates combating type 1 diabetes by understanding how extracellular matrix interactions influence cell destiny.
A large-scale study found that annual mammography screening starting at age 30 may benefit women with specific risk factors. Women with dense breasts, a personal history of breast cancer, or a family history of breast cancer had increased breast cancer risk and benefited from earlier screening.
A study published in Supportive Care in Cancer examines the experiences of providers offering concurrent cancer therapy and hospice care to veterans. The findings highlight the importance of preserving hope while transitioning into end-of-life care, as well as the need for dedicated liaisons between VA and hospice systems.
Researchers at FAU have developed a new method for measuring the length and diameter distribution of plasmonic gold nanorods in one single experiment. The method combines multi-wavelength absorption optics and analytical ultracentrifugation, allowing for accurate analysis of nanoparticles in dispersions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology propose a new technology for direct utilization of CO2 in exhaust gases from heavy industries. The study demonstrates the ability of a rhenium-based catalyst to reduce low-concentration CO2 with high selectivity, offering a more viable and environmentally friendly solution.
A new study from Stanford University suggests that climate change is doubling the odds of regions experiencing both warm and dry conditions in a given year. This trend poses significant challenges for agriculture, as hot-dry conditions can lead to reduced crop yields and exacerbate fire risk.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown structural change within cells that triggers the activation of the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex involved in inflammation. This finding provides a new avenue for developing therapeutics to target the NLRP3 pathway for inflammatory diseases.
Research by Jaehee Jung explores the impact of changing gender roles, consumerism, and Western media on Chinese women's perceptions of beauty. The study found that young Chinese women prefer thin bodies and angular faces, leading to increased dissatisfaction with their body image.
Researchers discovered a new pathway to enhance kidney self-repair by reprogramming the body's metabolism. The 'lift and push' process involves shifting glucose from energy production to repair damaged cells, resulting in improved lifespan for injured animals.
Researchers documented two-part climatic connections between the North Atlantic Ocean and Antarctica, with rapid changes in climate caused by strengthening and weakening of an oceanic current that warms Greenland and Europe. The study reveals a fast atmospheric connection sending 'text messages' to Antarctica and a slower oceanic conne...
Researchers used place cells to determine a rat's location and predicted its next move. The findings provide insight into how rats think about space and solve spatial memory tasks.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered fundamental limits on the postselection technique used to test quantum mechanics. They found that as complex quantum systems are built, fewer and fewer entangled states can be reached using postselection alone.
A team of researchers at NYU Langone Health has successfully regrown hair strands on damaged skin by stimulating fibroblasts to secrete collagen through the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. The study offers new hope for treating hair loss and may lead to the development of more effective drugs.
A new report from 130 national academies warns of a catastrophic failure of global food systems, which contribute up to 25% to greenhouse gas emissions. The report calls for climate-smart agriculture, incentives for consumers to change their diets, and innovative foods to address the root causes of the failing system.
Researchers found that quick cognitive assessments can be wrong, with varying biases based on factors like education, age, ethnicity, and living conditions. This study highlights the need for more accurate and unbiased methods to detect dementia in primary care settings.
Scientists have identified the biochemical pathway that allows bioluminescent fungi to light up and created an artificially luminescent eukaryote by inserting the necessary genes into a non-glowing yeast. The discovery could lead to widespread applications, including glowing plants and animals.
Researchers developed AI technology to identify small leaks in water pipes by analyzing acoustic signatures recorded by hydrophone sensors. This allows cities to proactively address issues before they become major problems.
A new imaging method, HR-pQCT, predicts fracture risk by analyzing bone microstructure. This method provides additional information beyond traditional BMD assessments, identifying deficits in trabecular and cortical bone density and structure as independent risk factors.
The Blue Brain Cell Atlas provides detailed information on major cell types, numbers, and positions in all 737 brain regions, accelerating progress in brain science. The atlas is freely available online, allowing users to visualize brain regions and download data for new analyses and modeling.
A new study published in Obesity found that children and adolescents with common obesity gene variants can still lose weight through lifestyle interventions. The researchers examined 754 participants, aged 11.6 years, who underwent a series of behavioral lifestyle changes, including dietary changes, physical activity, and sleep habits....
Scientists have discovered that an emerging Parkinson's gene therapy called AAV2-GAD creates new brain circuits associated with improved motor movement. The therapy has shown therapeutic effects for patients by forming new neural pathways in the brain, connecting the subthalamic nucleus to other motor regions.
Researchers have identified a crucial protein, FtsZ, that triggers bacterial cell division when its concentration reaches a threshold. By studying the gut bacterium E. coli, scientists developed a mathematical model predicting when cell division will commence, providing new insights into this fundamental biological process.
The proportion of global population vulnerable to heat-related death and disease is growing due to climate change. Vulnerable populations, including the elderly and those with cardiovascular diseases, are exposed to increased temperatures, increasing their risk of heart disease and kidney disease.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) carries significant healthcare costs, with an average of $23,000 per person per year for children and $24,000 for adults. The condition also leads to substantial productivity losses and costs in corrections systems.
A study led by University of Vermont scientists reveals that wild bees are essential for larger and better blueberry yields, providing major benefits including greater berry size, quantity and earlier harvests. Maintaining natural bee habitat and reducing pesticide use can help protect wild bees.
Scientists have developed a new organic proxy, phytane, to analyze ancient CO2 levels in the oceans, revealing high levels of carbon dioxide 1000 ppm. This data shows changes that typically take millions of years are now happening in a century, providing valuable insights into future climate predictions.
The University of Arizona is providing training and certification for sexual assault nurse examiners in rural areas to expand services to victims. The three-year grant will cover the states of Arizona, California, Nevada, Hawaii, and U.S.-affiliated Pacific islands.
A new study examined ancient ecosystems to understand what drives stability, finding that functional groupings are more important than the sheer number of species present. The team also found that ancient ecosystems were more stable than simulated systems, suggesting a strong imprint on history of how ecosystems are built over time.
Researchers discovered that derivatives of amodiaquine can effectively block Ebola virus infection, with modified compounds showing improved potency and reduced toxicity. The findings offer a new therapeutic approach to treating patients infected with Ebola.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed a simple 3D bioprinting technique using natural materials to create lifelike organ tissue models. The method allows for the creation of vascularized human gut and blood vessel networks capable of keeping cancer tumor tissues alive outside the body.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a virtual library of 1 million new macrolide scaffolds, which can help speed up the discovery of new antibiotics and cancer drugs. The library was created using computer simulation software that generates compounds with desirable properties.
Scientists have developed a new technique to extract biomolecules from blood samples, which could lead to early diagnosis, drug discovery and personalized medicines. The method uses liposomes to detect a wide variety of biomolecules, overcoming the challenge of amplifying cancer signals in the presence of noise.
Researchers at University of Manchester discovered that plants with diverse root microbiomes outperform those without, living fast and dying young. The study highlights the importance of balancing harmful and beneficial fungi in soil for healthy plant growth.
A proposed change to the Nagoya Protocol could require users of genetic data to pay fees to donor countries, potentially hindering innovation and public health. Proponents argue it will conserve biodiversity, while opponents claim it discourages research and development.
Researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to study gene expression in individual cells and identify unique therapeutic targets for cancers that form in specific cell types. The study found that mutations in certain genes can make cells vulnerable to apoptosis, providing a potential way to prevent or treat cancer.
A survey of 800 adults undergoing bariatric surgery found that patients prioritize expected out-of-pocket costs and weight loss potential. This approach may differ from the procedure's related risks or recovery time. The study suggests healthcare providers should discuss cost with patients to ensure informed decision-making.
Researchers at Chiba University have successfully developed a special-purpose computer that can project high-quality three-dimensional (3D) holography as a video. The computer, called HORN-8, uses a calculation method called the 'phase type' to adjust the phase of light and increase computing speed.
A new study suggests climate change could significantly reduce the nutritional quality of oysters due to ocean acidification and warming. The research focuses on Pacific and native flat oysters, finding that increased temperatures and CO2 levels can decrease protein, lipid, and carbohydrate content.
Researchers identified a cell type responsible for initial steps of adhesion formation and developed an antibody-based therapy to treat and prevent adhesions. The treatment showed promise in mouse models and expressed similar genes as human tissue, suggesting potential translation into the clinic.
Research unravels mechanism of defective ribosomes causing cellular damage, including DNA mutations and increased cancer protein levels. The discovery provides a solution to Dameshek's Riddle and turns ribosome defects into an attractive target in the fight against cancer.
A new study found racial disparities in the use of oral anticoagulants among Black patients with atrial fibrillation. Compared to white and Hispanic patients, Black patients had lower odds of receiving oral anticoagulants, particularly newer versions.
A Northwestern University study found that youth living in high-crime neighborhoods experience worse cardiometabolic health due to neighborhood violence. However, those with higher brain connectivity in the frontoparietal central executive network display better resilience.
Researchers at MIT have devised a new way of providing cooling on a hot sunny day using inexpensive materials and no fossil fuel-generated power. The passive system allows emission of heat at mid-infrared range, radiating into outer space and punching through greenhouse gases.
Researchers at Max Delbrück Center develop strategy to selectively make cancer cells aggressive, making them vulnerable to anti-inflammatory substance. This approach aims to overcome chemotherapy resistance in certain types of cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer.
A new 'Go Fish' tool confirms marine species presence in water samples within three days, complementing traditional monitoring systems. Experts at the first US National Conference on Marine Environmental DNA discuss the potential of emerging eDNA science to enhance ocean management and inform policy decisions.
Researchers found that aqueous extract of soursop leaves can reduce chronic pain, anxiety, and depression associated with fibromyalgia. The study used 60 female rats and plans to conduct clinical trials in humans.
A new checklist of North American fungi reveals 44,488 known species, with hundreds of thousands more awaiting discovery. The comprehensive list includes both large macrofungi and tiny microorganisms, highlighting their crucial roles in ecosystem balance and human well-being.
A national data resource, the Sentinel Initiative, has been instrumental in advancing medical product safety. Partnering with over 200 health system leaders, it uses a distributed network of electronic health data from 18 health plans and hospital systems, covering >100 million people.
Researchers found that traditional leisure options are well-regarded by residents, but additional investment in tertiary recreation is beneficial for greater municipal investment. Fort McMurray's response to community facilities suggests a need for adaptable approaches to providing recreation and leisure.
A major international collaboration has identified genetic variants that increase the risk of ADHD, providing new insights into the biology behind the disorder. The study found twelve locations in the genome where people with a particular genetic variant have an increased risk of ADHD compared to those who do not.
Researchers found that even extensive thalamus damage does not severely impair consciousness, challenging decades-old medical dogma. The study identifies a new pathway from the brainstem through the hypothalamus and basal forebrain into the cortex as critical for maintaining wakefulness.
Researchers developed a rapid diagnostic tool using a small, inexpensive biosensor to provide instant and accurate results. The device can detect bacteria and screen their interaction with antibiotics, giving healthcare practitioners more information for accurate treatment decisions.
A PLOS study found that Australians who understood the health benefits of physical activity and its risks associated with inactivity were more likely to engage in regular exercise. The research suggests that knowledge of specific health conditions linked to inactivity may play a key role in influencing physical activity behavior.
A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that children born in August are 30% more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to their slightly older peers. The study suggests that the earlier school enrollment may lead to improper diagnosis due to normal behavior being perceived as abnormal relative to older classmates.
Research from RCSI found that one quarter of individuals who attempted or died by suicide had problems with basic sensory experiences, such as hearing or seeing things that aren't real. This dysfunction can predict suicidal behavior and offers new avenues for treatment and suicide prevention.
Researchers have found that great apes and ravens develop planning capacities through associative learning, rather than human-like mental simulations. The new model shows how animals can learn to make decisions that lack immediate benefits but lead to meaningful outcomes in the future.
A new study shows that fewer Americans have serious psychological distress, but those with less distress are getting more outpatient mental health care. The growth in treatment is driven by people with little or no distress, while those with serious distress often don't receive the care they need.
A new combination treatment of venetoclax and azacitidine has shown a 91 percent response rate in older adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The treatment has been associated with no more side effects than the use of azacitidine alone, and patients with IDH mutations have experienced long-lasting responses.
A new study using functional MRI found that men with online gaming addiction have altered brain activity compared to healthy controls, particularly in the superior frontal gyrus. In contrast, women with IGD did not exhibit these changes. The study suggests a potential link between gender-specific brain function and online gaming disorder.
A recent study published in The BMJ reveals that the UK has higher death rates from respiratory illnesses, such as COPD and pneumonia, compared to other developed countries. Death rates for men have decreased over the past 30 years, but those for women have remained relatively static.
A new study by JRC scientists reveals that global warming can underestimate extinctions by up to 10 times if co-extinction cascades are not accounted for. The researchers constructed virtual Earths with thousands of plants and animals, simulating extreme environmental changes.
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has documented a dramatic rebound in flounder health due to decades of remediation efforts, including a sewage treatment plant and discharge tunnel project. The number of liver tumors among winter flounder has decreased significantly since the late 1980s.
Researchers found that conservation tillage combined with straw mulch improves soil moisture, seedling emergence rates, and marketable yield. Straw mulch proved to be the most effective option for increasing potato tuber yield, leading to a 14.9% increase in yields compared to conventional tillage.
A recent study found that only 12.2% of American adults meet the recommended targets for cardiovascular risk factors management, leaving millions vulnerable to developing Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Factors such as physical activity, education, and weight status are associated with metabolic health.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a comprehensive way to evaluate how immune responses of humanized mice measure up to actual humans. The study highlights an experimental paradigm to address the gap in understanding immune responses to human pathogens and potential vaccines.
A charged molecule, called a dendrimer, is designed to deliver osteoarthritis drugs to knee joint cartilage. The nanocarrier effectively binds to cartilage tissue, allowing for deeper penetration and longer half-life in joint spaces.
Researchers found that microbes on clownfish change when they live with anemones, suggesting a key role in the symbiotic relationship. The study also reveals that clownfish urinate on anemones, which helps them grow and thrive.
Researchers discovered a mechanism explaining positive correlations in natural populations, highlighting the importance of food web conservation. Complex food webs mitigate environmental variability and make ecosystems more predictable.
The study warns that a temperature increase of over 1.5°C will cause dramatic worsening in the survival chances of offspring for important fish species, including Atlantic cod and polar cod. This could lead to a significant loss of breeding grounds and population decline, with severe consequences for Arctic seals and seabirds.
Researchers at SLAC and Stanford are developing accelerator-based technology to reduce the side effects of cancer radiation therapy by vastly shrinking its duration. The goal is to blast cancer cells quickly, reducing the chance that radiation will hit and damage healthy tissue around tumors, making radiation therapy more precise.
A new study found that transfusions of packed red blood cells stored for 22 days or more are associated with a 5% increase in mortality risk in trauma patients. The study suggests that patients who require massive transfusions may benefit from receiving fresh stored packed red blood cells, or those stored for 14 days or less.
A study from leading Dutch economists recommends increasing Dutch banks' equity capital to improve stability and solvency. By raising their equity ratios, banks can better cover future losses and manage risks efficiently.
A new biochemical platform has been developed to map the activity of lysine methyltransferases, a family of enzymes promising targets for cancer treatment. The platform enables high-resolution views of how these enzymes selectively mark proteins with chemical tags, leading to potential new therapeutic targets.
Researchers engineered E. coli to produce a heat-resistant protein using an expanded genetic code, evolving it through laboratory selection. The new protein outperformed the natural enzyme in extreme heat conditions, nearly doubling its thermal stability.
The European Region saw a significant increase in new HIV diagnoses, with the eastern part recording over 130 000 cases. However, there is encouraging progress in the EU and EU/EEA countries, particularly among men who have sex with men, where diagnoses have declined by 20% since 2015.
MIT engineers have designed a material that can administer drugs directly to the cartilage, delivering IGF-1 and stimulating cell growth and production of proteoglycans. The treatment has shown promising results in animal studies, preventing cartilage breakdown and reducing joint inflammation.
Scientists at Washington State University have discovered genes involved in Tasmanian devil facial tumor disease regression. Genetic variations found in devils that didn't die from tumors may also help humans and other mammals with similar conditions.
Healthy blood stem cells exhibit a similar number of DNA mutations as those found in leukemic cells, suggesting that the location of these mutations is more relevant than their quantity. This study's findings have implications for understanding the origins of leukemia and developing targeted treatments.
Colorado State University scientists use the Madden-Julian Oscillation to forecast severe weather across the Plains and southeastern US. They achieved skillful predictions of severe weather activity about 60% to 70% of the time, including hail and tornadoes.
Researchers have developed 'mini-placentas', cellular models of the early stages of placenta formation, to study early pregnancy and reproductive disorders. These miniature functional models closely resemble normal first-trimester placentas and may provide insights into pre-eclampsia, miscarriage, and chromosomal abnormalities.
Researchers have developed an ultrathin, stretchable electronic skin that can be used for various human-machine interactions. The new method creates a fast, simple, and inexpensive way to produce thin-film circuits with integrated microelectronics.
A study published in the European Heart Journal found that greater cardiorespiratory fitness was linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks. The researchers discovered that even small increases in fitness could have a significant impact on health.
Research reveals US groundwater supply is smaller than previously thought, with potable supplies extending only an average of 1,800 feet below ground. This finding contradicts previous studies suggesting that fresh groundwater extends much deeper.
The study estimates that by 2030, global fecal biomass could contain significant amounts of recoverable materials such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Animal waste from livestock outweighs human waste in many countries, posing a threat to public health.
Researchers have reported promising preliminary results for cryoablation as a treatment for low-risk breast cancers, with a 99.4% success rate and no serious adverse events. The procedure is being studied as an alternative to surgical lumpectomy.
A new study from the University of Warwick demonstrates that digital versions of established measurements for assessing back pain are just as reliable and responsive. Patients can assess their own back pain using a mobile app on their phone or tablet as effectively as current paper methods.
A new research published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that a healthy lifestyle during menopause may offset the acceleration of atherosclerosis. Women who adhered to a 'Healthy Lifestyle Score' had significantly wider arteries, less arterial thickening and buildup of fatty plaque compared to those with lower sc...
A new study found a significant increase in type 1 diabetes cases across Europe, with rates rising by 3.4% per year. The study's findings have important implications for healthcare planning and delivery, highlighting the need for improved blood sugar control and increased support services.
Researchers discover Chinese pyramids exhibit surprising orientation patterns, defying expectations of traditional funerary practices. The study suggests that ancient Chinese emperors intentionally aligned their pyramids to the star Polaris, reflecting a deeper understanding of celestial movements and astronomy.
A study of 102,236 deliveries in France found that higher staffing levels for obstetricians and midwives were associated with lower cesarean delivery rates. A 10% increase in staff levels was linked to a 2.5% decrease in intrapartum cesarean deliveries and a 3.4% decrease in elective cesarean deliveries.
A North Carolina State University researcher has developed technology to improve 5G data transmission rates by optimizing bandwidth partitioning. The framework, which combines hardware and software, can meet the international goal of 10 gigabits per second in peak performance areas.
Researchers found that frequent sauna users had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death compared to infrequent users. The study, which followed over 1,600 participants for 15 years, also found that longer sauna sessions were associated with lower mortality rates.
A study by University of Pennsylvania researchers reveals that Dickkopf 2 (DKK2) is a naturally occurring protein that blocks the WNT pathway, controlling hair growth. The discovery has significant implications for hair loss treatment and wound healing.
Scientists from the Max Born Institute have created the first refractive lens that focuses extreme ultraviolet beams, utilizing a jet of atoms instead of traditional glass. This innovation enables novel approaches to image biological samples on extremely short timescales, with potential applications in microscopy and structural analysis.
Researchers at Clemson University are working on a new 3D-printing technique involving rapid laser processing to create protonic ceramic electrolyzer stacks that convert electricity to hydrogen. This technology could lead to cars that go 1,000 miles per fill-up and smartphones that can run for days without recharging. The new technique...
A study found that restricting cancer cells' ability to metabolize sugar makes oncolytic viruses work better, multiplying faster and destroying cancer quicker. This approach may improve how potential cancer drugs are investigated in the lab.
Researchers investigate Camphorsulfonic acid-catalyzed Michael reactions of diverse indoles with enones, producing 3-indole-substituted compounds in excellent yield. The method is simple, effective, and environmentally friendly.
Researchers have developed an ointment to counter the effects of brown recluse spider bites, which can cause skin necrosis and renal failure. The trial has started in Brazil with 240 participants, comparing the effects of the ointment with a placebo.
A study published in eLife reveals that minocycline can increase the lifespan of aged roundworms by preventing the build-up of proteins, a mechanism that could be exploited to prevent neurodegenerative diseases. The antibiotic also reduces protein aggregation and extends lifespan in animals with impaired proteostasis.
A pilot study from Ohio State University found that mailing at-home HPV tests to hard-to-reach women resulted in an 80% return rate, with about a quarter testing positive for cancer-causing HPV. The study aims to explore the potential of at-home testing as a tool to increase screening rates among underserved communities.
The proportion of global population vulnerable to heat-related death and disease is growing due to climate change's effects on aging populations and urbanization. Over 153 billion hours of labor were lost globally in 2017 due to heat exposure, with the agricultural sector bearing the brunt.
Babies who are less active tend to get less sleep overall, according to new Michigan State University research. Infants who slept more at night had better weight-for-length scores and were less active during the day. Parents can promote tummy time and physical activity to help their baby get more sleep.
Engineered patches integrate therapeutic cardiac cells with injured heart tissue, boosting development of new heart tissue and increasing cardiac functions. The treatment shows promise as a form of cardiac therapy in humans, offering hope for survivors of heart attacks.
A recent study found that the prevalence of metabolic health among American adults is very low, even among those with normal weight. The researchers estimated that only about 12% of Americans meet the criteria for optimal metabolic health using more rigorous guidelines.
A large international study confirms measuring bone microarchitecture with new imaging technology accurately predicts risk of fracture in older women and men. The study found that deficits in bone density and structure contribute to fracture risk independently of bone mineral density.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that opioid prescriptions for children and adolescents have been steadily decreasing since 2012. The analysis of data between 2004 and 2017 showed a significant decline in outpatient opioid prescription rates, with a notable decrease in hydrocodone bitartrate prescriptions.
Claudia Felser and Bogdan Bernevig receive the prize for their theoretical predictions and experimental realization of non-magnetic topological semi-metals. Their work has potential to give rise to useful devices with novel properties.
Research found that more Oregonians filled out POLST forms between 2015-16, with a 45% increase compared to 2010-11. The study also showed changes in how people use the form, including increased use by middle-aged individuals and those with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers found that areas with higher rat complaints had increased trap rates and more garbage, suggesting a correlation between waste and rodent abundance. The study also revealed neighborhoods with high rental units tended to have more rats, possibly due to increased trash and access points.
Scientists developed a new microscopy technique to track protein molecular motors with atomic-level precision and microsecond time resolution. The system achieved 1.3 angstrom localization precision at 1 millisecond time resolution, revealing details of the kinesin motor's motion.
Materials scientists have developed a new strategy to keep condensed droplets from coalescing into a film, allowing for more efficient heat transfer. The approach uses superomniphobic surfaces with knife-like ridges to create 'jumping' droplets that repel and move away from the condenser surface.
The new NIST clock records set three important measures: systematic uncertainty, stability, and reproducibility. The clocks' total error drops below our general ability to account for gravity's effect on time here on Earth. This achievement enables the detection of faint signals from the early universe and perhaps dark matter.
The new UK skin cancer database reveals over 45,000 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) occur every year in England, significantly higher than previously estimated. This data enables researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention initiatives and treatment options for this common form of skin cancer.
A novel DNA methylation regulator Stella has been identified to safeguard the unique epigenome of oocytes. The dysregulation of Stella results in aberrant DNA methylation during postnatal oogenesis, affecting preimplantation embryo development. DNMT1 is found to be responsible for this aberrant methylation.
A study found top-ranked hospitals for cardiovascular care had lower 30-day mortality rates for heart attack, heart failure, and CABG compared to non-ranked hospitals. However, readmission rates were either similar or higher at the top-ranked hospitals, raising concerns about the accuracy of this metric.
Researchers have developed an effective monoclonal antibody treatment, lanadelumab, that can reduce the frequency of life-threatening swelling attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema. The treatment has shown a 90% reduction in attack rate and can be self-administered every two weeks.
A new study links frequent, seasonal fires to the formation and expansion of ancient grasslands. The researchers used a novel approach to analyze plant biomarkers in fossil soils, revealing that fire played a crucial role in shaping the landscape.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that Indian peafowl crests efficiently sense motion and vibration at frequencies similar to those used during social displays. The research suggests that sensory stimulation of the crest feathers may complement visual and auditory perception of these displays.
Researchers at the University of Zurich identified a molecule that plays a key role in graft-versus-host responses, which can be fatal for leukemia patients. Blocking this molecule, GM-CSF, could significantly improve stem-cell transplant outcomes.
Researchers found that unexpected positive outcomes in cities, such as sports wins or sunny days, are correlated with a change in city mood and an increase in citizens taking risks like gambling. This effect is subtle but significant, with a predicted 2.5% increase in spending on gambling in reactive neighborhoods.
A global team of computer scientists developed a method to replicate physical objects for virtual and augmented reality using a single camera with a built-in flash. The technique captures high-quality 3D geometry as well as material appearance, reproducing realistic objects in any virtual environment.
Researchers have identified a set of genes that enable S. epidermidis to cause disease in certain circumstances, making it a major concern for those undergoing surgery. The study aims to identify patients at high risk of infection before surgery, reducing the risk of post-operative infections.
A new algorithm computes and enables realistic movement and distortion of 3D surfaces, including gravity, contact, and friction. The method allows users to freely design garments around a 3D character without worrying about physics.
Stem cells derived from fat tissue can now be used to produce functioning platelets in just 12 days. This breakthrough could provide a reliable and safe supply of platelets for patients with cancer and other disorders, reducing the reliance on donated platelets.
The study found a significant increase in test ordering among GPs between 2000/1 and 2015/16, with an average of five tests per year in 2015/16. This has major implications for general practitioners' workload and the NHS budget.