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Science News for November 26, 2018


Drug use, religion explain 'reverse gender gap' on marijuana

A study by North Carolina State University found that women are more likely to support strict marijuana policies due to their religious beliefs and lower rates of cannabis use. Mothers, in particular, do not differ from childless women in terms of their views on marijuana policy or reported use.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalSocial Science Quarterly·DateNov 26, 2018

New technique to make objects invisible proposed

Researchers at the University of Extremadura have demonstrated electromagnetic invisibility of objects using an alternative technique based on filler cloaking. This method makes objects invisible from the interior without using any external device.

SourceUniversity of Extremadura·JournalScientific Reports·DateNov 26, 2018

Health surrogates for older adults often don't know their care preferences

A new study found that only 21% of health surrogates actually know what an older adult would want in the event of a serious illness, despite 75% feeling confident in their knowledge. The researchers emphasize the need for improved advance care planning and communication between patients and their health surrogates.

SourceYale University·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Mere sunlight can be used to eradicate pollutants in water

Chemists at Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg have developed a new process that utilizes hydrated electrons to degrade dissolved pollutants. The process requires only sunlight and can be conducted outdoors with minimal equipment, offering a promising solution for water pollution remediation.

SourceMartin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg·JournalChemistry - A European Journal·DateNov 26, 2018
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Racing electrons under control

Researchers controlled electron flow in graphene using light waves, enabling faster data transmission. They used two-dimensional materials to achieve this feat, opening doors for new transistor technologies.

SourceFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateNov 26, 2018

Study reveals mechanisms that promote icing responsible for power disruptions

Researchers monitored agglomerate fog formation during a cold surge in Southeast China, analyzing the effect of rain, snow, and supercooled fog on wire icing growth. They found that certain meteorological conditions fueled the rate of icing growth, particularly at higher heights.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

New device could monitor anticoagulant treatments with to deliver personalized therapies

A new biosensor device uses gold nanostructures to detect the presence of anticoagulant drugs like Sintrom, enabling personalized therapy adjustments. This technology has significant potential for patients with cardiovascular diseases or thromboembolic disorders, who often face risks associated with incorrect medication dosing.

SourceSpanish National Research Council (CSIC)·JournalBiosensors and Bioelectronics·DateNov 26, 2018
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Emotional suppression has negative outcomes on children

Research from Washington State University found that emotional suppression in parents can lead to less positive and responsive interactions with their children. The study suggests that letting kids see a healthy conflict, from start to resolution, helps them learn to regulate their own emotions and solve problems.

SourceWashington State University·JournalEmotion·DateNov 26, 2018

NIST simulations suggest graphene can stretch to be a tunable ion filter

Researchers at NIST have conducted simulations suggesting that graphene can be stretched to create a tunable ion filter, increasing ion flow by up to 1,000 percent. This could have applications in nanoscale mechanical sensors, drug delivery, water purification and sieves for ion mixtures.

SourceNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)·JournalNature Materials·DateNov 26, 2018
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Emotional suppression has negative outcomes on children

Research from Washington State University reveals that suppressing negative emotions in front of children can lead to decreased responsiveness and positivity in kids. Parents who express negative emotions in a healthy way are more likely to provide guidance, exhibit warmth, and foster problem-solving skills in their children.

SourceWashington State University·JournalEmotion·DateNov 26, 2018

UA researchers study how to regrow long bone segments using 3D printing

Researchers at the University of Arizona are working on a groundbreaking study to regenerate long bone segments using 3D printing and adult stem cells. The goal is to improve treatment outcomes for military personnel with devastating injuries, where current surgical treatments often fail.

SourceUniversity of Arizona Health Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

The persistence of pesticides threatens European soils

Researchers found pesticide residues in 83% of soil samples from 11 European countries, highlighting the persistence of pesticides in the land. The study suggests that mixes of pesticides are more common than single types, posing a risk to non-target species.

SourceUniversity of Córdoba·JournalThe Science of The Total Environment·DateNov 26, 2018

Some research may be encouraging ineffective prescriptions, says new study

A new study by McGill University researchers suggests that clinical trials may promote the use of ineffective and costly treatments, particularly with blockbuster pain drug pregabalin. The researchers found that despite strong evidence supporting pregabalin's effectiveness for certain conditions, many studies failed to conduct rigorous...

SourceMcGill University·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

How ancient Mayan shell decor led to a new look at freshwater mussels south of the border

Archaeologists and scientists studied ancient Maya shells and tissue samples, leading to the first molecular study of freshwater mussels in Mexico and Central America. The study provided crucial insight into North American freshwater mussel evolution and revealed that some species were overestimated due to lack of DNA data.

SourceFlorida Museum of Natural History·JournalZoologica Scripta·DateNov 26, 2018

Beware of evening stress

Research at Hokkaido University found that the body's stress response is weaker in the evening, potentially making individuals more susceptible to stress. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in volunteers who took a morning stress test compared to those who took an evening test.

SourceHokkaido University·JournalNeuropsychopharmacology Reports·DateNov 26, 2018

Few laws to address growing issue of elderly gun owners with dementia

A study in the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association notes that elderly gun owners with dementia are at a high risk of suicide and accidental shootings. The authors argue that public policy, such as red flag laws, can help mitigate this risk by removing firearms from patients with cognitive impairment.

SourceAmerican Osteopathic Association·JournalThe Journal of the American Osteopathic Association·DateNov 26, 2018
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Drones offer ability to find, ID and count marine megafauna

Researchers at North Carolina State University found that drones can be used to count and make species-level identifications of marine megafauna, particularly in shallow marine environments. The technology offers a valuable platform for scientists and conservationists to study populations and inform conservation efforts.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalLatin American Journal of Aquatic Research·DateNov 26, 2018
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

First genetic map of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A study analyzing over 50,000 genomes identified 12 specific DNA fragments related to ADHD vulnerability, highlighting a polygenic hereditary basis and functional relevance. The research also reveals genetic overlaps with major depression, obesity, and other conditions.

SourceUniversity of Barcelona·JournalNature Genetics·DateNov 26, 2018

Particulate matter and asthma medication use

Research suggests a link between PM2.5 exposure and higher daily rescue inhaler use in individuals with asthma. Reducing PM2.5 pollution could result in significant economic benefits, estimated at nearly $350 million annually.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

How does potassium enter cells?

A team of scientists has identified a previously unknown protein structure that enables the controlled intake of potassium ions into cells. The discovery, published in Nature Communications, reveals a complex mechanism involving two inter-subunit half-channels and challenges existing theories on potassium transport.

SourceGoethe University Frankfurt·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 26, 2018

Study identifies sepsis symptoms that lead to death

A study by Drexel University researchers found that impaired kidney function is a leading predictor of sepsis patient mortality. The analysis, using data from 210,289 hospital visits, shows that subtle changes in organ function can lead to death, highlighting the need for closer monitoring.

SourceDrexel University·JournalCritical Care·DateNov 26, 2018
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Faster-charging, safer batteries

Scientists at UD aim to improve battery performance by introducing tapers into polymer membrane electrolytes, increasing conductivity and processing speed. The goal is to create more impact-resistant and safer batteries for devices like cell phones, laptops, and electric vehicles.

SourceUniversity of Delaware·DateNov 26, 2018
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

The five types of problem drinking are more common at different ages

A study by Penn State researchers found that there are five distinct classes of people with alcohol use disorder, each characterized by specific symptoms. Young adults were more likely to fit the profile with excessive drinking and withdrawal symptoms, while older adults struggled with cutting back on their drinking.

SourcePenn State·JournalAlcohol and Alcoholism·DateNov 26, 2018

A water treatment breakthrough, inspired by a sea creature

A team of Yale researchers has developed a novel, highly stable nanocoagulant that removes both suspended and dissolved contaminants from water in a single step. This breakthrough promises to significantly improve on centuries-old coagulant-based water treatment methods, addressing global water scarcity.

SourceYale University·JournalNature Nanotechnology·DateNov 26, 2018
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Effort clarifies major branch of insect tree of life

A recent study has analyzed nearly 2,400 protein-coding genes to understand the family relationships and evolutionary history of Hemiptera insects. The findings reveal that piercing and sucking mouthparts likely evolved over 350 million years ago, providing insight into the group's diverse feeding strategies.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·DateNov 26, 2018

American College of Physicians releases principles to guide patient partnership in health care

The American College of Physicians has released a set of principles to guide patient partnership in healthcare, aiming to improve health outcomes, practice efficiency, and patient satisfaction. The principles emphasize the importance of patients and families being active partners in their care, contributing to system development and ed...

SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

DFG funds 2 Collaborative Research Centres at TUD

The DFG funds two new Collaborative Research Centres at TU Dresden to investigate comprehensible software systems and correlated magnetism. The centres aim to create predictable and understandable computer systems, as well as develop materials with unique magnetic properties.

SourceTechnische Universität Dresden·DateNov 26, 2018

Good help in primary care for children with obesity

A Swedish study of 64 children with obesity found that approximately 30% achieved a lower weight category, with some progressing from severe to normal weight over four years. The program included regular advice on diet, physical activity, and sleep, with detailed dietary guidance and follow-up calls.

SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalActa Paediatrica·DateNov 26, 2018

Paving the way: An accelerator on a microchip

Electrical engineers at TU Darmstadt have designed a laser-driven electron accelerator that can be produced on a silicon chip, enabling inexpensive and compact particle accelerators. The design uses an alternating-phase focusing method to focus electrons in a narrow channel, promising applications in industry and medicine.

SourceTechnische Universitat Darmstadt·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateNov 26, 2018
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Study in mice suggests drug to turn fat 'brown' could help fight obesity

A new study suggests that a molecule called BMP8b could be used as a drug to increase the amount of brown fat in humans and make it more active. In mice, increasing BMP8b levels changed some white fat into brown fat, leading to increased energy burn and lower risk of heart attack. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 26, 2018

Zebrafish help unlock mystery of motor neurone disease

Scientists from the University of Sheffield have created zebrafish that carry the genetic change known to cause motor neurone disease. This breakthrough will accelerate pioneering research and experimental drug trials, which could lead to new treatments for the devastating neurogenerative disorder.

SourceUniversity of Sheffield·JournalActa Neuropathologica Communications·DateNov 26, 2018

Multicenter study supports safety of overlapping orthopaedic surgery

A multicenter study of 14,135 orthopaedic procedures found that overlapping surgeries did not increase complication rates and had lower hospital stay lengths. The researchers emphasize the importance of patient informed consent and disclosure of this practice.

SourceWolters Kluwer Health·JournalJournal of Bone and Joint Surgery·DateNov 26, 2018

Project ECHO launched in D.C. and Maryland to combat diabetes

The project aims to improve diabetes management for Latinos through telementoring sessions, empowering primary care providers with advanced training. La Clínica del Pueblo and George Washington University launched the first ECHO site in the region to address high diabetes prevalence and long waitlists.

SourceGeorge Washington University·DateNov 26, 2018
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Sexist men underestimate their power in romantic relationships

A new study by the American Psychological Association finds that men with sexist attitudes may underestimate their power in relationships, leading to more aggressive behavior. The research suggests that this can create a vicious cycle, reinforcing stereotypes and damaging relationships.

SourceAmerican Psychological Association·JournalJournal of Personality and Social Psychology·DateNov 26, 2018

Successful second round of experiments with Wendelstein 7-X

The Wendelstein 7-X experiment achieved record-high plasma densities of up to 2 x 10**20 particles per cubic meter and temperatures of 20 million degrees Celsius. These results are significant milestones in fusion research, demonstrating the potential for stellarators to achieve high-quality confinement.

SourceMax-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (IPP)·DateNov 26, 2018

Fractional-dose vaccination offers long lasting protection against yellow fever

Researchers found that a fractional dose of the 17D yellow fever virus vaccine provided protective levels of antibodies for over 10 years after vaccination. This finding supports the use of fractional doses in mass vaccination campaigns before outbreaks and eliminates the need for booster shots.

SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018

Fine-tuning cell death: New component of death machinery revealed

Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute identified a new component of the cell death machinery, protein VDAC2, which plays a crucial role in driving apoptosis in cancer cells. The study reveals that VDAC2 helps Bax drive apoptosis and may fine-tune cancer cells' response to anti-cancer agents.

SourceWalter and Eliza Hall Institute·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 26, 2018
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Natural habitats larger than Greece created to offset economic developments

Researchers found that businesses are implementing biodiversity offsets at a rapid rate globally, with over 10,000 examples of nature sites created specifically to compensate for industrial impacts. The study published in Nature Sustainability provides the first global dataset for assessing the effectiveness of these offsets.

SourceUniversity of Kent·JournalNature Sustainability·DateNov 26, 2018

Scientists discover a new route to antibiotics using gene editing

Researchers have discovered a new chemical process in bacteria that could lead to the development of new antibiotics. The biosynthetic pathway includes an enzyme called carboxylase, which adds CO2 to a precursor molecule producing a highly unusual antibiotic called malonomycin.

SourceUniversity of Manchester·JournalNature Catalysis·DateNov 26, 2018

Gut microbiota-derived D-serine protects against acute kidney injury

Researchers from Kanazawa University investigated gut microbiota effects on kidney function and discovered that the gut microbiota produces D-serine, a substance protective for the kidney. Administering D-serine to normal mice mitigated kidney injury, suggesting its potential as a biomarker or medication for acute kidney injury.

SourceKanazawa University·DateNov 26, 2018

Using microcredit to increase rice yield in Bangladesh

A study by Kyoto University found that microcredit programs in Bangladesh increased rice yield and overall crop farm income. Households also showed a higher adoption of hybrid and high-yield rice varieties. Additionally, there was a positive effect on cultivating owned land and livestock ownership.

SourceKyoto University·JournalAmerican Journal of Agricultural Economics·DateNov 26, 2018
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Big study of fishing communities finds good neighbors are hard to come by

A recent study of 89 fishing communities in East Africa reveals that neighborly agreements are uncommon, highlighting the challenges of sustainable use and the tragedy of the commons dilemma. The researchers found that predictable factors like activities proposed and historical context influence perceptions of costs and benefits.

SourceWildlife Conservation Society·JournalEcology and Society·DateNov 26, 2018

Complex systems help explain how democracy is destabilised

Economic inequality and political divergence can lead to instability in democracies. Social media algorithms also play a role in distorting public opinion and creating false consensus effects. The researchers argue that a better understanding of complex systems is needed to preserve democratic institutions.

SourceIOP Publishing·JournalEuropean Journal of Physics·DateNov 26, 2018

Smarter AI: Machine learning without negative data

Researchers developed a new machine learning method that allows AI to make classifications without negative data, a crucial component in traditional classification technology. This breakthrough enables AI systems to function effectively even when limited by data regulation or business constraints.

SourceRIKEN·DateNov 26, 2018

Alcohol dependence, psychiatric disorders share genetic links

A recent study identified a gene that regulates alcohol metabolism and found associations between this gene and risk for depression and other psychiatric disorders. The study also discovered different variants in the same gene affect risk levels in European and African populations.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalNature Neuroscience·DateNov 26, 2018

Study identifies a genetic driver of deadly prostate cancer

A new study has identified a novel molecular driver of lethal prostate cancer and a molecule that could be used to attack it. The findings, if confirmed in humans, could lead to more effective ways to control certain aggressive types of prostate cancer.

SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalNature Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

How ancient viruses got cannabis high

Researchers created a cannabis chromosome map, detailing gene arrangement on chromosomes, published in Genome Research. The study reveals ancient colonization by viruses, which influenced the production of THC and CBD, lesser-known cannabinoids.

SourceUniversity of Toronto·JournalGenome Research·DateNov 26, 2018

Environment turns molecule into a switch

Physicists from the University of Würzburg have successfully manipulated a molecule into two stable states by controlling its environment using an electrical field. This breakthrough could enable the creation of molecular switches for spintronics applications, a promising technology for future data processing.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·Journalnpj Quantum Materials·DateNov 26, 2018

Disordered materials could be hardest, most heat-tolerant carbides

Researchers at Duke University and UC San Diego have discovered a new class of carbides that are harder and lighter than current materials, with high melting points. The five-metal carbides, which rely on disorder for stability, may find use in industries such as machinery, hardware, and aerospace.

SourceDuke University·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 26, 2018

Playing youth football could affect brain development

A new study suggests that playing a season of contact sports like youth football can affect normal gray matter pruning in the brain. Researchers found significant increases in power and gray matter volume in the frontal default mode network in high-impact players.

SourceRadiological Society of North America·DateNov 26, 2018
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Something to chew on

A team of scientists found that herbivory has a complex relationship with plant diversity, but is crucial for maintaining biodiversity when dominant species are present. In some grasslands, herbivores help regulate the growth of fast-growing plants and promote smaller, slower-growing species.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Barbara·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·DateNov 26, 2018

NIH researchers discover neural code that predicts behavior

Scientists at the National Eye Institute have found that neurons in the superior colliculus are key players in allowing us to detect visual objects and events. The findings show that a specific population of neurons directly cause a behavior, and a mathematical model can predict behavior based on these neurons.

SourceNIH/National Eye Institute·JournalNature Neuroscience·DateNov 26, 2018

Hacking the aging code: Big data for saving human lives

Researchers used big data from human medical studies and physics approaches to develop novel anti-aging therapeutics and biomarkers of aging. The strategy involves analyzing data from large biobanks and applying concepts from complex dynamic systems to predict biological age, aging rate, and potential targets for therapies.

SourceMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology·JournalFrontiers in Genetics·DateNov 26, 2018
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

New biocontainment strategy controls spread of escaped GMOs

Researchers at Hiroshima University have developed a biocontainment strategy to safely control the spread of genetically modified cyanobacteria. By engineering microalgae to depend on a specific nutrient, they prevent its survival outside of a controlled environment.

SourceHiroshima University·JournalACS Synthetic Biology·DateNov 26, 2018

Creating rings in natural antibiotic synthesis

Researchers discovered an enzymatic reaction cascade generating the essential 6-membered ring in mupirocin production. The finding builds on earlier research and could lead to the development of new antibiotics with improved properties.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalNature Catalysis·DateNov 26, 2018

Coordinated development could help wind farms be better neighbors

A new study highlights the previously underexplored consequence of wake effects from upwind wind farms on downwind neighbors' energy production. The research demonstrates that these effects are measurable and predictable yet remain largely unaccounted for in current U.S. property law.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalNature Energy·DateNov 26, 2018

Scripps Research scientists unveil promising new HIV vaccine strategy

A new candidate HIV vaccine from Scripps Research stimulates a powerful anti-HIV antibody response in animal tests, overcoming technical hurdles that stymied previous vaccine efforts. The vaccine strategy is based on the HIV envelope protein, Env, and uses a simple method to stabilize Env proteins in the desired shape.

SourceScripps Research Institute·JournalScience Advances·DateNov 26, 2018
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Artificial intelligence may help reduce gadolinium dose in MRI

Researchers used AI to analyze imaging data from patients who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI exams and found that low-dose images yielded significant information, suggesting a potential method to reduce gadolinium dose. The study's findings demonstrate the algorithm's ability to approximate full-dose images without contrast agent use.

SourceRadiological Society of North America·DateNov 26, 2018

The tragedy of the commons -- minus the tragedy

Researchers found that complex adaptive systems with self-organizing processes and low population densities can lead to sustainable resource use. Freedom of movement and an ethos of sharing are key conditions necessary for successful sharing.

SourceOhio State University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

How common are eating disorders in young children?

A study of 4,500 US children aged 9-10 found an overall frequency of eating disorder diagnoses at 1.4%, with no significant differences between girls and boys. The prevalence of specific disorders varied, including anorexia nervosa (0.1%), binge-eating disorder (0.6%), and other specified feeding and eating disorders (0.7%).

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateNov 26, 2018

'Old-fashioned fieldwork' puts new frog species on the map

A team of scientists conducted over 2,000 surveys of chirping frog calls to define the Atlantic Coast leopard frog's range and characteristics. The study resulted in the first field-verified range map for the species, living primarily in coastal plains from Connecticut to northern North Carolina.

SourceSUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry·JournalPLOS ONE·DateNov 26, 2018
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Unraveling evolution of hemipteroid insects

Researchers analyzed evolutionary relationships among hemipteroid insects, revealing diversification around the Carboniferous period. The placement of Psocodea in the tree remains unresolved.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

Parents: Take a timeout before you force your child to apologize

A new study from the University of Michigan found that children can distinguish between willing and coerced apologies. Parents are advised to help their child learn empathy for the victim before forcing an apology. This approach ensures a sincere apology and maintains a positive relationship.

SourceUniversity of Michigan·JournalMerrill-Palmer Quarterly·DateNov 26, 2018

Sunset crater, San Francisco volcanic field

The Sunset Crater volcano in Arizona, USA experienced a highly explosive sub-Plinian eruption with pyroclastic fall deposits, lava flows, and associated effects on pre-historic inhabitants. The eruption is considered one of the most explosive monogenetic eruptions studied to date.

SourceGeological Society of America·JournalACM SIGSAM Bulletin·DateNov 26, 2018
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Science of science communication

Researchers investigate methods to improve science communication, including conveying uncertainty in policy analysis and large-scale social challenges. The study highlights the importance of addressing misinformation and faulty communication in fostering public trust in the scientific enterprise.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

Weight loss procedure shrinks both fat and muscle

A new study found that left gastric artery embolization, a weight loss procedure, not only reduces body fat but also leads to significant muscle mass loss. The researchers emphasized the need for proper nutritional counseling after the procedure to mitigate this risk.

SourceRadiological Society of North America·DateNov 26, 2018

How to pay for national pharmacare

Implementing a national pharmacare program in 2020 would require $9.7 billion in public funding, resulting in $13.5 billion in savings to the private sector. The authors suggest using a mix of federal revenue sources, including small increases in personal and corporate taxes.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateNov 26, 2018

Mutations boost immunity: Toward a cancer vaccine

Researchers develop method to identify tumor-specific factors in blood that can elicit a protective immune response, potentially leading to an effective vaccine against cancer. The technique relies on peptide arrays and frameshift mutations, which have been shown to be more effective stimulators of immune response than point mutations.

SourceArizona State University·JournalScientific Reports·DateNov 26, 2018
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Childhood physical inactivity reaches crisis levels around the globe

A global report by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance shows that childhood physical inactivity is a pervasive public health problem affecting children worldwide. The report grades 49 countries on their physical activity levels, revealing that excessive screen time and urbanization are major contributors to this issue.

SourceChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute·JournalJournal of Physical Activity and Health·DateNov 26, 2018

Virtual models provide real knowledge in the grass family

Researchers created high-quality 3D digital representations of plant structures to answer questions about taxonomic classification, wind pollination, and seed production. The technique has the potential to revolutionize botany education and inform macroevolutionary studies, highlighting the beauty of grass flowers.

SourceBotanical Society of America·JournalApplications in Plant Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

Living electrodes with bacteria and organic electronics

Scientists at Linköping University create a new type of living electrode by embedding Shewanella oneidensis bacteria into conducting polymers, resulting in a significant increase in electron flow and current output. The technology has potential applications in environmental sensors and bioelectronics.

SourceLinköping University·JournalScientific Reports·DateNov 26, 2018

Do you have a healthy personality? Researchers think they can tell you

A recent study from UC Davis identifies a healthy personality prototype, characterized by low neuroticism and high openness to feelings, warmth, positive emotions, and agreeable straightforwardness. Individuals with healthy personalities tend to be better adjusted, with higher self-esteem and lower aggression.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis·JournalJournal of Personality and Social Psychology·DateNov 26, 2018

VitalTag to give vital information in mass casualty incidents

Researchers developed a stick-on sensor that measures vital signs to help first responders quickly triage, treat, and transport injured patients. The VitalTag system provides real-time monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and other metrics, enabling improved situational awareness and resource management.

SourceDOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory·DateNov 26, 2018
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Extremely strong and yet incredibly ductile multicomponent alloys developed

Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have developed a novel strategy to create high-strength alloys that are also extremely ductile and flexible. The breakthrough solution involves massive precipitation of nanoscale particles, solving the critical issue of the strength-ductility trade-off dilemma.

SourceCity University of Hong Kong·JournalScience·DateNov 26, 2018

Microbes 'MacGyver' membrane transport

E. coli's KdpFABC transport system uses a unique combination of pore and transporter to import potassium ions into the cell, blurring the boundaries between passive transport and active transport complexes. This discovery challenges the long-held dogma that these two systems are mutually exclusive.

SourceUniversity of Groningen·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 26, 2018

Weight likely cause for one-fourth of asthma cases in kids with obesity

A study analyzing health data for over 500,000 children in the US suggests that obesity is a likely cause of approximately one-fourth of asthma cases in children who are obese. The research found that nearly 1 million cases of childhood asthma may be preventable by maintaining a healthy weight.

SourceDuke University Medical Center·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateNov 26, 2018
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Parents: To prepare kids financially, give them practice with money

Research highlights the importance of experiential learning in financial socialization, suggesting that parents give children real-world experience with money to help prepare them for adulthood. Parents can provide this experience through various means, such as regular allowances or rewarding good grades with cash, and should start ear...

SourceUniversity of Arizona·JournalJournal of Family Issues·DateNov 26, 2018

Targeting MC1R in metastatic melanoma

Researchers have identified a genetic change common to 80% of human melanomas and developed a molecule that targets this change. The molecule binds to melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) on the surface of melanoma cells, allowing for imaging and potential therapy delivery.

SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalScience Translational Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018

Jurassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

The study explores the Yanshan Movement's impact on eastern China's Jurassic stratigraphy, indicating a southward subduction of the Siberian Plate. The region experienced significant uplift during the Late Triassic period and underwent changes in biological assemblages.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Earth Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Drying Canadian wetland drives muskrat decline

Researchers found that the Peace-Athabasca Delta has been drying since the 1970s, significantly reducing muskrat habitat and leading to a decline in the species. The study used satellite imagery to track changes in water levels and revealed a 32% loss of suitable muskrat habitat over 46 years.

SourceStanford's School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·DateNov 26, 2018

Citrate-based biomaterial fuels bone healing with less rejection

Researchers at Penn State have discovered that citrate, a natural product found in bones and citrus fruit, can fuel bone healing by providing extra energy for stem cells. This understanding will help develop slow-release biomaterials to speed up bone repair and reduce inflammation.

SourcePenn State·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 26, 2018

The age of puberty for Danish children appears to continue to fall

A new Danish study from Aarhus University found that girls' pubertal milestones, such as breast development and acne, are occurring 3 months earlier than those of their mothers. Boys also reached several puberty benchmarks 6 months to a year earlier than in previous studies

SourceAarhus University·JournalPaediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology·DateNov 26, 2018

New way to analyze metagenome

Researchers created Knomics-Biota to analyze metagenomic data, identifying bacteria types, proportions, and beneficial substances. The platform allows users to visualize results and compare data with thousands of other samples, facilitating international collaborations in microbiome analysis.

SourceITMO University·JournalBioData Mining·DateNov 26, 2018

Steroid synthesis discovery could rewrite the textbooks

Researchers have discovered a new central enzyme in the steroid biosynthesis pathway, challenging long-held evolutionary views. The finding has potential applications for controlling toxic algae and parasitic infections in aquaculture.

SourceVIB (the Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)·JournalNature Microbiology·DateNov 26, 2018

Draw-your-own electrodes set to speed up development of micro detection devices

Researchers at Imperial College London have created a rapid prototyping method for intricate electrode patterns, allowing devices to sense and measure biological molecules more efficiently. This method enables community labs and hackspaces to design and develop analytical devices in days, not weeks or months.

SourceImperial College London·JournalScientific Reports·DateNov 26, 2018

Drinking water sucked from the dusty desert air

Researchers at KAUST developed a device that can capture its own weight in water from fresh air and release it when warmed by sunlight. The device uses deliquescent salt and a polymer hydrogel to absorb moisture from the air, which is then released continuously with the help of carbon nanotubes.

SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology·DateNov 26, 2018

NASA sees Tropical Cyclone 33W dissipating

Tropical Cyclone 33W, known as Usagi, weakened to a depression after landfall near Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The satellite captured its disorganized remnants dissipating over the Ca Mau Peninsula on November 26, 2018.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateNov 26, 2018

UC3M creates a new computer vision professorship

The UC3M and Álava Engineers have created a professorship to encourage research in computer vision, focusing on image capture and analysis. The joint project will develop applications for offline and online image processing using various technologies.

SourceUniversidad Carlos III de Madrid·DateNov 26, 2018

Intermittent fasting: No advantage over conventional weight loss diets

A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that intermittent fasting has no advantage over conventional calorie restriction diets for weight loss and improved health outcomes. The HELENA study, which followed 150 overweight participants for a year, showed similar results for both dietary methods in ter...

SourceGerman Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ)·JournalAmerican Journal of Clinical Nutrition·DateNov 26, 2018

LGB students at higher risk of self-harm

Researchers at Lancaster University and other institutions found LGB students are more likely to experience self-harm and suicidal thoughts due to low self-esteem. The study highlights the need for targeted support and prevention efforts in universities and public policy to address discrimination and improve acceptance of LGB individuals.

SourceLancaster University·JournalArchives of Suicide Research·DateNov 26, 2018

Trazadone associated with similar risk of falls and major fractures as antipsychotics in seniors with dementia

New research published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that trazadone is associated with a comparable risk of falls and major osteoporotic fractures to atypical antipsychotics. This finding challenges the assumption that trazodone is a safer alternative for treating behavioral symptoms in seniors with dementia.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateNov 26, 2018

Lung disease in middle age may be a risk factor for dementia later in life

Research found that lung disease, including restrictive and obstructive conditions, is associated with a greater risk of developing dementia. The study analyzed data from over 14,000 participants and found that low lung function was linked to an increased risk of dementia.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·DateNov 26, 2018

Six feet under, a new approach to global warming

Researchers estimate that soil can retain about 600 billion metric tons of carbon, more than twice the amount added to the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution. This pathway relies on water dissolving organic carbon and transporting it deep into the soil, where it is bound to minerals.

SourceWashington State University·JournalNature Climate Change·DateNov 26, 2018