Researchers synthesized new In0.28Ga0.72Sb nanowires with high carrier mobility and fast IR response, outperforming existing materials in terms of responsivity and decay times. The minimized crystal defects are attributed to a catalyst epitaxy technology that enables precise atom alignment.
Researchers from NYU Meyers College of Nursing used FDNY GIS maps to develop an educational program for nurse practitioners, which improved their care and interventions on the opioid crisis. The study found that local, real-time maps informed clinical practice and increased screenings for risk-taking behaviors in adolescent populations.
The Human Genetics Scholars Initiative aims to increase workforce diversity in human genetics research by providing intensive mentoring, skill-building, and community-building opportunities. The program will support up to 240 diverse young researchers over five years.
A recent study published in The Gerontologist suggests that the link between caregiving and negative health effects has been overstated. After analyzing data from over three decades of research, Johns Hopkins researchers found a weak association between caregiving and immune system biomarkers.
A study of 1,700 physician mothers found that those in procedural specialties who take on more household tasks report higher career dissatisfaction. The authors suggest more equitable distribution of tasks or outsourcing duties may help sustain physician moms.
UTSA joins NASA's Resilient ExtraTerrestrial Habitats institute (RETHi) to advance space smart habitat designs for deep space habitats, leveraging expertise in civil infrastructure with advanced technology fields.
Scientists have captured the first-ever image of a black hole, which reveals the massive black hole at the center of the galaxy Messier 87. The image was achieved using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), an unprecedented Earth-sized virtual telescope linking telescopes around the globe.
A new study found that reducing meat consumption could cut greenhouse gas emissions by the most, while also increasing use of animal byproducts. By combining various strategies such as eliminating waste and finding uses for byproducts, researchers estimate a 43% reduction in emissions from the meat supply chain.
The article review found no risks associated with breastfeeding mothers receiving routine and standard vaccinations. In fact, there are benefits for both mothers and infants, including enhanced antibody response and reduced vaccine-related fever after infant vaccination.
A large cohort study in northern England found significant clustering of primary biliary cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis in specific regions. The researchers suggest that exposure to a persistent environmental agent may play a key role in the development of these autoimmune liver diseases.
A recent study by ETH researchers suggests that anthropogenic climate change is causing simultaneous heatwaves across the Northern Hemisphere, affecting key agricultural regions and densely populated areas. The study found that such large-scale heatwaves first appeared in 2010 and have since become more frequent and widespread.
A diet high in animal protein and meat is associated with a greater risk of death, according to a 20-year follow-up study. Men who primarily consumed animal-based proteins had a 23% higher risk of mortality compared to those with a balanced ratio of animal and plant-based proteins.
Cancer cells dependent on WRN enzyme to survive due to DNA repair system loss; MSI signature identified as effective biomarker for vulnerable tumors.
Researchers used CRISPR technology to disrupt every gene in over 300 cancer models from 30 cancer types, discovering thousands of key genes essential for cancer's survival. The team developed a system to prioritize and rank 600 drug targets promising for development into targeted cancer treatments.
A recent study found that kidney disease can trigger cognitive impairment even in its early stages, affecting approximately one in two patients. The cognitive decline is not age-related and worsens with declining kidney function.
Research reveals how p53 influences X chromosome inactivation, a critical process for healthy brain and spinal cord formation. This discovery explains why females are more likely than males to be born with neural tube birth defects.
The Science of Chocolate project uses storytelling to promote interest in scientific careers, particularly among girls, by highlighting the work of women researchers. The project has received funding from the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology and is published in Catalan and Spanish.
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute have sequenced the genome of a non-toxigenic strain of Vibrio cholerae from WWI, showing it is distantly related to strains causing modern pandemics. The strain lacked a flagellum and possessed genes for ampicillin resistance.
NASA has launched the AZURE mission, carrying instruments to measure atmospheric density and temperature in auroral regions. The mission will release colorful gas tracers to track particle flow and provide valuable data on ionosphere dynamics.
A Belgian team developed a new bioinformatics method called cisTopic to analyze gene regulation in cells. The method discovers common topics of gene control across cells, revealing unique gene activity patterns. This enables researchers to understand cellular diversity and its implications for diseases.
The £1.1 million project aims to develop bioresorbable stents that prevent complications associated with metal stents, treating severe peripheral vascular disease. The new device will dissolve between 18-24 months, preventing life-long presence of metal stents and associated chronic inflammation.
Research reveals that exposure to biomass fuel is a major contributor to COPD in nonsmokers, particularly in rural populations. The study found that 61% of patients lived in rural areas and had exposure to biomass gas, highlighting the need for further research into this subset of nonsmokers with COPD.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that diets with high-quality protein sources from plants like legumes and nuts lower cholesterol levels and blood pressure compared to those with red meat. This study provides evidence for the benefits of plant-based diets in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors.
A novel study creates a new metric to illustrate disadvantaged areas nationwide, highlighting the regions with the highest disparity between opioid-related deaths and access to treatment providers. The study found that nearly 32% of US counties lack any treatment programs, while over 19% have a low number of treatment programs per death.
A new study found that food insecurity at home, particularly during early childhood and adolescence, hampers learning abilities in Indian adolescents. The research team analyzed test scores and found that 47% of children experienced household food insecurity, leading to lower scores in reading, vocabulary, maths, and English.
A UMass Lowell expert is studying how much mercury accumulates in forests to reduce the pollutant worldwide. The research team measures forest soils and watersheds to understand mercury cycles.
A new study in rats reveals that marijuana exposure during pregnancy can lead to behavioral and memory problems in babies. The research pinpoints how the drug alters neural connections in the hippocampus, a key area for learning and memory.
A team at Michigan Technological University developed the Gigabot X, an industrial 3D printer that uses waste plastic particles to create large, strong prints. The printer has shown significant cost savings and high returns on investment for producing sporting goods products.
A comprehensive SWOG Cancer Research Network study has identified a host of targets for new or existing cancer drugs. The research, published in the Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, found higher counts of cancer-fighting TILs in pre-treatment tissue samples of breast cancer patients who achieved complete response to chemotherapy.
Researchers hope to uncover the cause of a dramatic change in ice ages and warm periods by analyzing greenhouse gases in ancient ice cores. The EU-backed project aims to drill into the oldest ice on Earth, expected to be at least 1.5 million years old, to gather valuable information about climate history.
Researchers found that hydrogen peroxide in whitening strips damages dentin tissue beneath the enamel. The active ingredient converts collagen into smaller fragments, potentially causing permanent tooth damage.
A new study from UCI scientists identifies an imbalance in the amygdala-hippocampal circuit that explains how people reactivate negative emotional memories. The finding may unlock new treatment approaches for PTSD and other mental disorders.
Actuarial risk assessments can reduce inconsistencies, but also reproduce class-based and race-based inequalities. The use of proprietary algorithms raises questions of transparency and fairness.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide named ten new parasitic wasp species inspired by everyday objects like chocolate biscuits and Doctor Who aliens. The discovery highlights the importance of taxonomy in understanding and documenting ecosystems.
A new global initiative led by the University of Birmingham aims to better understand how plastics are transported and transformed in rivers, accumulating in river sediments. The project's first results show a complex picture with a huge diversity in types and sources of plastic in selected river estuaries.
A study by Michigan State University found that online sexual experiences can predict offline risks, including HIV risk, sexual assault, and intimate partner violence. The researchers identified four classes of experience patterns, which predicted susceptibility to these outcomes.
Engineers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have revealed new insights about the chemical reactions that power fuel cells, shedding light on their degradation issues. The study found that the rate-limiting step in fuel cell efficiency is not oxygen splitting, but rather how oxygen atoms find and enter vacancies at the surface.
Parvalbumin-containing cells have been found to regulate blood flow and volume in different brain regions, pulling back excess supply when activated. This discovery sheds new light on the role of these cells in neurovascular coupling and their potential involvement in neurological disorders.
A study published in Nature Genetics has identified a gene responsible for cadmium accumulation in durum wheat, a toxic metal that poses serious health risks. The discovery enables the rapid development of low-cadmium durum wheats, increasing the quality and safety of pasta and couscous.
The 2019 APS April Meeting features talks on Event Horizon Telescope project's first results, nucleosynthesis in neutron star mergers, and the proposed AMEGO mission. These discoveries shed light on black holes, dark matter, and the universe's evolution.
A new method for measuring semiconductor material quality has been developed, enabling the characterization of materials at scales much smaller than current technologies. This will accelerate the discovery and investigation of 2D, micro- and nanoscale materials.
A study found that at least six states with high opioid abuse rates have restrictive scopes of practice for nurse practitioners, limiting their ability to prescribe medications like buprenorphine. In less restrictive states, NPs were more likely to receive waivers and access these life-saving medications.
The new technology provides a 360-degree, three-dimensional view of surgical tools and surrounding tissue for more precise needle placement. This allows for improved dose pattern distribution to the tumour and surrounding tissue, reducing complication rates.
New research by Imperial Brands shows that vaping blu e-vapor produces a similar effect on human lung tissue as normal air. The study found that exposure to blu vapour had no cytotoxic impact on human airway tissue, unlike conventional cigarette smoke.
Researchers discovered genes responsible for asexual reproduction in tropical grass, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving cattle health. This breakthrough enables faster and cheaper breeding of environmentally friendly forage grasses.
A new surgical guideline has been shown to decrease re-operation rates for breast cancer patients undergoing lumpectomy. According to a study by UBC medical student Alex Monaghan, women with early-stage breast cancer are now 72% less likely to require additional surgery.
A new collaboration will create a centralized biobank of induced-pluripotent stem cells for Prader-Willi syndrome, enabling researchers to investigate the genetic basis of the disease and explore potential therapies. The biobank will provide high-quality cellular resources to accelerate research and development of new treatments.
Researchers from Boston University Schools of Medicine have developed a fast and accurate approach to assessing the carcinogenicity of chemicals. The new method uses machine learning algorithms to distinguish between carcinogens and non-carcinogens, providing a cost-effective solution for prioritizing chemicals for further testing.
A new study reveals that BAX, a crucial driver of apoptosis, is activated by transient interactions with BH3-only proteins at two distant sites on the protein. This 'hit-and-run' interaction initiates the conversion of BAX into a lethal protein for cells.
A recent study found that two-thirds of adults dying prematurely from natural causes did not seek medical help in the 30 days leading up to their death. The research identified key factors contributing to premature adult deaths, including alcohol, tobacco, and lack of access to healthcare.
A study on Spanish teen series reveals that audiences tend to favor male and female characters based on gender, with males being seen as 'rebels' and females as 'nice people'. The study highlights the need for more diverse and complex characters to break away from traditional stereotypes.
A new study found that authors' tweets about their own work increase dissemination of research on Twitter. Publications from top respiratory and critical care journals benefited most from author tweeting, with a significant increase in tweets at one year post-publication.
Scientists at UC San Diego developed a new CRISPR-based 'allelic drive' to selectively swap genetic variants, allowing precise editing of specific traits in populations. The technology has potential applications in agricultural pests, disease-carrying insects, and conservation efforts.
A team of scientists from the University of Bonn has created a camera that uses electrical pulses to capture images in murky or dark water, mimicking the sensing abilities of the African elephantnose fish. The 'electric camera' can identify objects, determine distances and shapes, and even distinguish between living and dead prey.
The TAPIR-CM project seeks to strengthen SDN and NFV-augmented networking for agility and flexibility. Researchers aim to apply machine learning/ai to forecast data traffic behavior, improving network performance. A working prototype is expected by the end of the 4-year project.
Researchers have found and tested compounds from a group of plants that could be used to treat proliferative diabetic retinopathy and other degenerative eye diseases. The study suggests that these natural compounds may provide a new approach to treating blindness caused by diabetes, offering hope for future treatments.
A study by ISGlobal identifies West African regions where treating livestock with ivermectin can significantly impact malaria transmission. The analysis highlights the potential of this strategy to reduce malaria prevalence among children under 10 years of age and improve community health.
A clinical trial found that animal-assisted therapy can foster social competence and increase emotional involvement in patients with brain injuries. The study showed that patients exhibited more active social engagement, expressed positive emotions, and reported higher satisfaction when an animal was present during therapy sessions.
A study by Penn State researchers found that employees who regularly fake or suppress emotions to provide good customer service are at risk of heavier drinking after work. The results suggest that employers may need to rethink their policies on employee happiness and job autonomy.
Researchers at University of New Hampshire found 14 wild bee species declining in the Northeast, including ground nesters and cavity nesters, with significant shifts in elevation and latitude. Climate change is affecting certain populations, particularly in coastal areas.