A new study finds that women and mice experience changes in their daily schedules and activity levels during the first third of pregnancy. The study suggests that these changes may be related to hormonal influences and could have implications for preterm birth prevention.
A new study by the University of York found that young children who hear a large amount of adult speech tend to have better cognitive skills. The researchers also discovered that high-quality adult speech can benefit children's linguistic development and positive parenting styles can reduce restless behavior.
A new study by University at Buffalo researchers found that health care providers are divided on who should prescribe PrEP, with some arguing primary care physicians should take the lead. Meanwhile, pharmacy students showed a positive attitude towards PrEP, with 89% agreeing it can be a cost-effective tool to prevent HIV infection.
A major review of the world literature reveals FASD is 10-40 times higher in vulnerable populations, including children in care and Aboriginal populations. The estimated prevalence varies greatly across regions, emphasizing the need for early interventions and awareness training.
A team of scientists, led by microbiologist Marjon de Vos, conducted a review to explore the application of evolutionary theory in clinical microbiology. By analyzing microbial communities and genetic data, they identified potential solutions for treating cystic fibrosis patients and limiting the spread of antibiotic resistance.
The study found that African-American mothers live in fear for their sons' safety, leading to physical symptoms and impacting their parenting style. The mothers reported sharing 'the talk' with their sons to enhance their chances of survival.
A Massachusetts General Hospital study reveals significant price disparities in facial moisturizer products targeted at men and women, with women's products costing an average of $3.09 more per ounce. The study suggests that discriminatory pricing persists despite recent government efforts to restrict such differences.
A study of a tiny grain of stardust older than our solar system has provided new insights into planetary system formation. The presolar graphite grain contained oxygen-rich silicates, contradicting the scientific hypothesis on two types of stardust material.
Sub-Neptune exoplanets are likely to be water worlds due to simulations of planetary growth. These planets contain at least 25% water-dominated ices or fluids, rather than gas dwarfs with a rocky core surrounded by a gaseous envelope.
A new study from the University of Exeter Medical School found that using characteristics such as weight and age at diagnosis can help select the best diabetes drug for individuals. This approach is more effective than previous models, which divide adults with diabetes into subgroups.
Studies found that all brain parts process touch signals, complementing each other for perception. Brain network processing information as a single network with partially different functions from situation to situation.
A nationally representative survey of UK children aged 4-10 years found no strong correlation between drinking sugar sweetened beverages and higher energy consumption or BMI. The study suggests that relying on a single-nutrient approach, such as a 'sugar tax', may not be effective in tackling childhood obesity.
The Arctic Ocean's seasonal memory mechanism explains how atmospheric circulation causes the Eurasian Arctic to melt faster than the American Arctic. The researchers found that different seasonal patterns are at play depending on region, with the Eurasian Arctic losing ice in winter and the American Arctic only losing ice in summer.
Researchers found that pre-treatment with caffeine prevented PGE1-induced respiratory complications and inflammation in baby rats. Caffeine, commonly used to treat apnea of prematurity, may offer similar benefits for infants with congenital heart disease.
A large-scale research project highlights significant differences between men and women in their backgrounds and roles within terrorist groups. Women were less likely to be involved in planning or carrying out attacks, and more likely to play behind-the-scenes supporting roles.
Researchers discovered seven genetic variants linked to type 2 diabetes in young people, with one variant novel to youth. The study used data from a large pediatric cohort and found that obesity-related variants contribute to the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes in younger individuals.
A new international study by Monash University and Parisien Laboratory of Social Psychology found a positive link between alcohol sponsorship and attitudes, as well as exposure to specific brands. The research suggests that incidental exposure to alcohol marketing messages influences participants' drinking attitudes.
A team of researchers discovered a grain of dust forged in a stellar explosion, challenging current theories about how stars seed the universe. The grain, LAP-149, is highly enriched in carbon-13, providing evidence that novae contributed to the building blocks of our solar system.
A new study found that veterans and active-duty service members with combat-related PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury had larger amygdalas, a key region in processing emotions, compared to those with only brain injuries. The findings suggest a potential link between amygdala size and the development of PTSD symptoms.
A recent study published in the American Heart Association's journal Hypertension found that patients with type 2 diabetes who received intensive blood pressure treatment had lower rates of heart attacks, strokes, and other complications. This benefit was observed regardless of a person's preexisting cardiovascular risk level.
Dr. Lane's research team is working to enhance spontaneous neuroplasticity and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Recently published studies have shown promising results in transplanting laboratory-grown neural cells to improve respiratory function in rodents with spinal cord injuries.
Scientists have discovered that graphene can be used to purify water by capturing bacterial cells, making it drinkable. The process involves adding graphene oxide to solutions containing E.coli bacteria, resulting in the formation of flakes that can be easily extracted and reused.
Researchers have discovered that desert plants like the colocynth use a special wax to prevent their leaves from drying out in extreme heat. This wax reduces water permeability, enabling plants to conserve water and survive. In contrast, date palms have a different type of wax that helps them thrive in hot conditions.
A multidisciplinary approach called enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is being reviewed for its benefits in speeding up patient recovery from surgery. ERAS involves a holistic approach by involving various healthcare professionals before, during, and after surgery to improve outcomes.
Researchers found that combining tumor-selective angiotensin blockers with immune checkpoint blockers significantly improves breast cancer treatment in mouse models. The combination treatment normalizes the tumor microenvironment, inducing changes in gene expression and activating immunosupportive pathways.
Astronomers have discovered rapidly swinging jets from a black hole in V404 Cygni, behaving in a way never seen before. The jets are thought to be caused by the misalignment of the accretion disk and the black hole, resulting in a wobble-like motion.
A combination of biological markers and genetic changes can predict radiation sensitivity, helping doctors assess patients at risk of side effects. The study found that the time of day when radiotherapy is given can also affect side effects, particularly in breast cancer patients.
Stakeholders rely on federal government-sponsored research to form opinions on hydraulic fracturing, viewing it as more neutral and credible. The study highlights the importance of federal research in reducing polarization and shaping the regulatory landscape.
Online discussions with community expectations posting increased newcomer participation by 70% and rule compliance by 8.4%. Ensuring visible community norms benefits group dynamics.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have created a blood test that can flag the disease, which currently lacks a standard diagnostic test. The test successfully identified participants in a study with chronic fatigue syndrome and is being used to screen for potential drugs that may help treat the condition.
Researchers discovered that small farm dams in Canada are unexpectedly absorbing nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas. This finding suggests that these nutrient-rich waterbodies could be used to reduce agricultural emissions.
Loneliness is a common emotional state in older adults linked to declines in health and increased healthcare usage. Social prescribing may alleviate loneliness by connecting lonely individuals with community supports.
A study by University of Washington researchers identified common triggers for compulsive smartphone use, including waiting for a friend, tedious tasks, and social awkwardness. The team also found that users can find meaning in phone use through apps like meme generators and Kindle, which promote lasting connections to the real world.
Mortality rates among children and adolescents (birth to age 20) decreased globally between 1990 and 2017 due to declines in infectious diseases. However, years lived with disability (YLDs) rose, primarily caused by iron-deficient anemia, vitamin A deficiency, and mental health disorders.
A new, portable 3D printed microscope provides high-resolution images of cells, potentially detecting diseases like diabetes and malaria. The instrument uses digital holographic microscopy with super-resolution techniques to achieve twice the resolution of traditional systems.
A new study presents evidence that pencil beam scanning proton therapy offers the best hope of preserving cognitive functions in children with brain tumors. The treatment delivers low doses of radiation to critical areas of the brain, including the temporal lobes and hippocampus.
A strategic mix of cover crops reduces nitrogen loss in the Chesapeake Bay, while also increasing yields in subsequent cash crops. Mixtures with a high proportion of legumes and a low rate of cereal rye are most effective.
Researchers at the University of Seville developed a method to produce high-filament thin polymer fibres, opening doors for industrial-scale production and various applications in material science. The filaments have diameters as small as 50 micrometres and show great elasticity.
Research from WHO Europe found that babies who were never or only partially breastfed have a higher risk of becoming obese as children compared to exclusively breastfed babies. The study suggests that promoting breastfeeding practices can help prevent childhood obesity in Europe, but adoption rates are still below global recommendations.
A pilot study found that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy skills significantly decreased stress, anxiety, and worry among caregivers of veterans. The intervention was effective in reducing caregiver burden, but more research is needed to explore its benefits for the veteran population as well.
The study found a significant variation in the prevalence of severe child obesity across European countries, with Southern Europe showing the highest rates. Severe obesity is associated with worse health outcomes and limited treatment options, highlighting the need for effective policy measures to prevent obesity.
A study found that patients enrolled in both Medicare and Medicaid had higher healthcare costs, cognitive impairments, and social support needs. Researchers propose adjusting reimbursement to account for risk factors in this population.
A morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves cognitive performance like decision-making across the day compared to prolonged sitting without exercise. Brief light-intensity walking breaks can also boost short-term memory by disrupting uninterrupted sitting.
A recent study published in eLife has identified the gene SHANK3 as a key player in sleep problems associated with autism spectrum disorder. The research found that individuals with autism have trouble falling asleep due to difficulty regulating their body's circadian clock, which regulates the 24-hour day and night cycle.
Researchers from the University of Oregon found that female bonobos control meat consumption and sharing, similar to male-dominated chimpanzees. They also observed aggressive behavior towards adult males trying to take pieces of meat, but showed tolerance with subadult males.
The Center for Translation Neurotrauma Imaging (CTNI) aims to pioneer biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. The facility will create novel brain imaging techniques to track subtle changes in the brain after neurotrauma.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open shows that precision medicine can be a reality for pediatric tumours, identifying genomic anomalies to guide treatment and offer targeted therapies. The TRICEPS project has successfully enrolled 84 patients, leading to better patient management and more effective treatment options.
The ESMO Breast Cancer Congress stresses the need for a multidisciplinary approach to patient care, including cardiovascular assessment and nutritional support. A study presented at the congress found that dietary guidelines can lead to weight loss and improved quality of life in breast cancer patients.
Researchers found that current work environment is a better predictor of future success than doctoral training prestige. Despite this, early career researchers retain some benefit from prestigious programs in terms of citation accumulation.
Researchers developed a statistical method to quantify changes in environmental systems, finding La Nina winters favor mountain snowpack. Scientists also invented synthetic antibodies that could improve disease detection and toxin identification.
Fecal transplants could block C. diff's spore from germinating and propagating disease via its toxins, repopulating the gut with diverse microbes. However, current fecal transplant products are not FDA-approved, and patients should refer to clinical trials instead.
A team at Colorado State University has developed a new technique called barium tagging, which could help scientists pinpoint single-atom byproducts of double-beta decay. This breakthrough aims to solve longstanding mysteries about neutrinos and their properties.
A team of UT researchers will monitor and analyze Russian information warfare tactics, measuring their effectiveness in shaping public opinion in Georgia, Ukraine, and Belarus. The project aims to model relationships between propaganda and opinion, assessing the impact of disinformation campaigns on democratic institutions.
The medical staff of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital implemented a model for improvement to decrease hypothermia in very low birth weight (VLBW) babies. As a result, they achieved a 97.5% reduction in temperature less than 36 degrees over four years.
Researchers used protein sequence-based methods to diagnose an ancient and atypical form of Paget's disease in medieval skeletons. The study found extensive pathological changes, high disease prevalence, and low age-at-death estimations for affected skeletons.
Researchers have identified a key gene driving color differences in bumble bee species, revealing the genetic basis of mimicry and evolutionary adaptations. The study found that a specific regulatory region influences Abdominal-B gene expression, resulting in unique color patterns.
Researchers at University of Manchester found urine testing to be just as effective as the cervical smear in detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) that causes cervical cancer. The study suggests a urine test could increase participation rates for cervical cancer screening among younger women.
A new international study found that regulators in four countries - including Canada - were only consistent in the decision to warn about potential drug safety risks 10% of the time. This lack of consistency highlights a need for better communication of important drug safety notices.
New research from UCLA suggests that predicting little change in one's future self is strongly related to increased life satisfaction. People who expect to remain the same tend to be more satisfied with their lives ten years later, while those expecting improvement or decline report less satisfaction.
A significant rise in oral cancer and pre-cancerous lesion detection by dentists in Ontario is reported, with a nearly doubling of cancers detected between 2005 and 2015. The study suggests that comprehensive training and continuing education programs for oral health professionals may be behind the dramatic increase in detection rates.