A new study from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus reveals that incentive-based smoking cessation programs can significantly reduce infant morbidity and mortality. The Baby & Me Tobacco Free program provided financial incentives to pregnant women, resulting in a 24-28% reduction in preterm birth and neonatal ICU admiss...
Kimberly R. Avila received funding to develop a statewide program for teachers of students with visual impairments in Virginia. The consortium will provide coursework and continuing education to enable teachers to meet state required competencies.
Researchers from University of Groningen create a molecular motor-based catalyst that switches the preference of anion-binding, enabling selective production of one enantiomer. The discovery has potential applications in pharmaceuticals and polymer production.
Researchers validated a popular method using RNA sequencing to identify unknown human brain neurons by comparing it with crab nervous system data. The study could contribute to future breakthroughs in understanding the brain and neurological diseases.
Professor Sojung Kim at George Mason University has received funding for a PR campaigns course. Students will form public relations agencies and create campaigns to promote First Amendment freedom of speech.
Researchers explore the role of adenosine in neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration, with a focus on its potential as a drug target for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Studies review changes in adenosine metabolism and receptor function in ALS patients and experimental models.
Lylex Pharmaceuticals is developing compounds targeting key enzymes responsible for organ damage, inflammation and rejection after transplant. The lead compound has shown high potency while minimizing toxic effects.
Physicists have created a detailed band structure map for iron selenide, exposing its electronic signature and shedding light on its complex behavior. The study aims to guide the development of new materials with amazing properties.
A UM-led experiment has shown promise in improving subseasonal weather forecasting, providing critical lead time for natural hazards like heat waves and polar vortex. The SubX project aims to provide better subseasonal forecasts to the National Weather Service, using complex computer models and large data infrastructure.
Physicists at UC Riverside have designed an experiment to demonstrate magnetic resonance using a compass, aligning with the need for accessible explanations of medical imaging. The project, developed by undergraduate students and local high school teachers, showcases a hands-on, table-top approach to improving scientific literacy.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found no evidence to support a link between C-section deliveries and offspring obesity. After accounting for maternal and prenatal factors, they concluded that the method of childbirth did not play a significant role in determining the risk of obesity.
The Heising-Simons Foundation implemented changes to its 51 Pegasi b Fellowship selection process, incorporating best practices for diversity, equity, and inclusion. The revised method led to a significant increase in female applicants, with four women receiving awards in 2019, exceeding the original goal of 30%.
Calculations by Allen Mills predict the existence of stable positronium bubbles in liquid helium, which could lead to the creation of gamma-ray lasers. Such lasers have applications in medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.
A new study by Benoit Tallon and colleagues found that schools of fish scatter sound waves, which affects the evaluation of fish biomass in aquaculture. The research uses mesoscopic physics to estimate the biomass of wild fish schools in their natural environment.
Researchers have developed a genetic typing method for Pseudomonas putida, which enables the detection of its virulent strains. The study's findings highlight the bacterium's biotechnological value and its importance in understanding disease-causing pathogens.
Researchers developed a global database to predict invasive plant populations, finding that species from disturbed environments are more likely to become invasive. The study suggests avoiding the export of these species, which can cause harm to people, industry, and wildlife worldwide.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley, identified a core microbiome in commercial tomatoes that is robust and stable. The researchers used experimental evolution to select for microbes that best survived on the plants, resulting in a healthy plant microbiome.
A new study reveals a new tool that can analyze CRISPR edits in just 48 hours, identifying multiple outcomes of the process. The tool detects subtle mutations to DNA near the site of repair, which may have no consequence for patients but are essential to gauge patient risks.
Scientists from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University detected a surface effect that prevents hydrogen from entering metal, causing errors in industrial testing and evaluation of materials properties. A theoretical model was developed to describe this phenomenon.
Researchers have developed a novel vaccine that uses a virus-based platform to rewrite the body's natural response to peanut allergens, causing a non-allergic immune response. The vaccine has shown signs of success in mouse models and preliminary in vitro studies, paving the way for human trials.
David Coleman, MD, will receive the Robert H. Williams, MD, Distinguished Chair of Medicine Award from the Association of Professors of Medicine (APM) for his exceptional leadership as chair of the Department of Medicine at Boston University School of Medicine and physician-in-chief at Boston Medical Center.
Scientists at the University of Exeter's Living Systems Institute have discovered a fresh understanding of how genes are copied, shedding light on the transcription process. The study suggests that two long-debated models work together to terminate gene expression, providing a more accurate explanation for this complex process.
Scientists discovered a new protein, Mai1, that plays a central role in plant immunity by linking host recognition of pathogens to defense mechanisms. The protein is involved in activating the cell death response, ensuring only a few host cells die when attacked.
A floating array of sensors in the Pacific Ocean will provide a comprehensive view of Earth's interior, offering insights into buoyancy, viscosity, density, and temperature of the deep mantel plume. The array will help scientists understand the plate-tectonic cycle that gives us energy and reveals the potential barriers for material fl...
Midwest farmers adopting reduced tillage increased corn and soybean yields by 3.3% and 0.74%, respectively, while improving soil health and lowering production costs.
A new review analysis published in Nature Astronomy finds that increasing diversity among astronomers can lead to significant research discoveries and improved innovation. The study highlights progress in gender equity, with initiatives such as the Pleiades Awards leading to a culture change in Australian astronomy.
Kelley Regan, Pamela Baker, and Margaret Weiss received a $20,600 grant to support a dynamic coaching outreach program in special education. The project aims to enhance the training experiences for teachers using technology in varied ways.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that animated videos on agricultural techniques resulted in high retention and adoption rates among farmers in remote Mozambique. After two years, the farmers retained a 97% rate of the storage solution and adopted the technique with an 89% adoption rate.
Researchers have discovered a new seismic phenomenon originating at the ocean floor due to powerful storms. Stormquakes, characterized by magnitude 3.5 quakes, are caused by storm-induced pressure zones on the seafloor. The track of the storm and depth of the ocean play key roles in determining whether a stormquake occurs.
Marci B. Jerome, Severe Disabilities Program Coordinator at George Mason University, has received a $454,955 grant to help teachers prepare for supporting students with severe disabilities and autism through the Virginia Consortium for Teacher Preparation in Special Education Adapted Curriculum.
The TU Dresden team presented their DipGene project, a DNA sequence-specific diagnostic method applicable in bacteria and human genomic DNA. The method is faster and cheaper than PCR, taking only five to ten minutes to detect predispositions to monogenic diseases.
Researchers are using RPPA technology to analyze ischemic stroke specimens, focusing on protein content and identification of specific proteins of interest. The project aims to demonstrate the utility of this approach in understanding thrombus formation.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased from 30.7% to 31.2% in November 2019, reflecting a 1.6% rise. This uptick is attributed to initiatives like NYC: ATWORK, which connects jobseekers with disabilities to competitive jobs in high-growth industries.
A randomized trial found acupuncture significantly reduced radiation-induced dry mouth symptoms in head and neck cancer patients. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, suggests that incorporating acupuncture into radiation therapy may prevent severity of dry mouth symptoms, improving quality of life.
Researchers have created a new polymer gel with an ordered structure, allowing for potential uses in chemical filters, sensors, and drug release. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in various fields by providing a more consistent material.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University created a lens-free, ultra-miniaturized endoscope that produces higher quality images while minimizing brain tissue damage. The microendoscope achieves this by using coded apertures and computational reconstruction to create a clearer image from a 'messy' projection.
Biologists at Texas A&M University have found a genetic link between circadian clock genes and the vitamin A pathway in the brain of Monarch butterflies, enabling them to sense day length changes and trigger seasonal responses.
A new report published in the American Thoracic Society's journal shows that reductions in air pollution have fast and dramatic impacts on health-outcomes, including decreases in all-cause morbidity. The study found improvements in health were striking, with significant benefits among non-smokers.
Dr. Joan Kang Shin will collaborate with American Councils to provide professional development for English-speaking teachers in Uzbekistan, aiming to improve English language education and incorporate it into public curricula. The project will involve baseline assessments, training programs, and follow-up evaluations.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo introduced a new physical model that predicts the dynamics of glassy materials based solely on their local degree of atomic structural order. This theory greatly improves our understanding of how glassy liquids become more viscous on cooling, with potential applications in manufacturing.
A new study reveals that the Montreal Protocol successfully mitigated global warming by banning CFCs in 1987. The treaty has led to a reduction of up to 3°C-4°C of avoided warming in the Arctic, and 1.5°C-2°C in regions like North America, Africa, and Eurasia.
Scientists will analyze 160 Tournaisian shale samples to understand uranium isotope behavior under varying redox conditions. The project aims to decipher Earth's oxygenation history using this tool.
The article highlights the need for regulators to prioritize continuous monitoring and risk assessment in managing AI/ML-based medical technology. The authors suggest that less emphasis should be placed on planning for future algorithm changes, and instead focus on developing new processes to identify and manage associated risks.
IBP-CP24, a newly engineered peptide, exhibits prolonged half-life and potent anti-HIV activity, including effectiveness against drug-resistant strains. Its combination with broad neutralizing antibodies may reduce treatment costs.
Researchers found that herbivorous dinosaurs developed similar skull features and bite styles, such as elongated skulls and grinding teeth, in response to eating plants. These convergent evolutionary strategies suggest a trade-off between biting speed and efficiency for these slow-moving animals.
A clinical trial found nilotinib to be safe and tolerable for patients with moderate to advanced Parkinson's disease, but did not show a clinically meaningful benefit. The study, led by Northwestern University, involved 76 participants and tested three doses of the medication over six months.
Research suggests that tropical forests are hardest hit by forest fragmentation, with sensitivity increasing six-fold at low versus high latitudes. This finding could allow for more effective conservation schemes, such as preserving larger areas of pristine forest.
A recent survey suggests that nearly one in four Californian adults lives in a household with a gun, with an estimated 7.3 million residents state-wide owning or living with someone who owns a firearm. This equates to a collective tally of 19.9 million firearms in the state.
The new instrument has helped scientists pick out dozens of gravitational wave signals, including one from a binary neutron star merger. This extended range has enabled LIGO to detect gravitational waves on an almost weekly basis, with the detectors now reaching distances of over 400 million light years.
A new imaging technology assesses conjunctival goblet cells with high definition and contrast, overcoming limitations of existing methods. This non-invasive approach enables precise diagnosis of dry eye syndromes and evaluation of treatment effects, paving the way for precision medicine.
Northwestern University scientists discovered genetic mutations in the Usp9x gene lead to reduced synapses and increased anxiety in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. This research provides a crucial understanding of the biological basis of intellectual disabilities and mental illness, potentially leading to new treatment options.
Research on warm-sector heavy rainfall (WSHR) in China has revealed its association with specific synoptic patterns and topography factors in South China. However, WSHR events in other regions are less understood, leading to inaccurate forecasts.
A new study found that genetic testing in infant siblings of children with autism can predict future diagnoses, allowing for earlier interventions. The study identified copy number variations linked to ASD in 7% of the tested siblings.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that immune checkpoint genes are more actively expressed in resistant tumors, which could be targeted with immunotherapy. This finding highlights the importance of personalized medicine and proper stratification of patients before treatment.
Researchers at Göttingen University predict a significant increase in global calorie requirements by 2100, driven by rising Body Mass Index (BMI) and body height. This could lead to food shortages and exacerbate malnutrition among the poor if not addressed.
Researchers developed Janus bases to target and silence harmful genes in rare genetic diseases. The bivalent nucleic acid recognition platform is being used to create new treatments.
Researchers found that time-restricted eating can lead to weight loss, reduced abdominal fat, lower blood pressure and cholesterol, and more stable blood sugar and insulin levels. The study included 19 participants with metabolic syndrome who experienced improved sleep and a 3-4% reduction in body weight.
The NeutroCure project focuses on harnessing the potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by neutrophils to treat inflammatory diseases. By developing safe ROS amplifiers, the consortium aims to selectively target pathogenic inflammation and cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues.
A new study published in the UEG Journal found that young patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of developing severe viral infections. Clinically active IBD and immunomodulators used to treat the condition are identified as main drivers of infection, with thiopurines increasing the risk by six times.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have made a breakthrough in understanding the interaction between light and matter, revealing how linear momentum is transferred to electrons during ionisation. The study found that the timing of electron 'birth' affects momentum transfer, with additional delays induced by interactions with residual ions.