A new method, developed by Case Western Reserve University researchers, identifies effective second-line antibiotics for treating germs resistant to first-line antibiotics. The approach could help clinicians choose the best treatment for patients and overcome antibiotic resistance.
A recent study by Rutgers University found that African-Americans are 5 times more likely to develop hypertensive emergency, a life-threatening condition. Targeted interventions to control diabetes, chronic heart and kidney disease, and anemia may reduce the risk of drastic increases in blood pressure.
A new study by researchers at the University of Waterloo found that social interactions significantly influence body image, particularly when surrounded by people who are not preoccupied with their bodies. Spending time with non-body focused individuals can lead to improved eating habits and a more positive body image.
CABI will work with governments, universities, and research organizations in India and Ethiopia to share data on soil health, agronomy, and fertilizers, promoting better decision-making for farmers. The project aims to create national data policies and databases for improved access and sharing of agricultural data.
Researchers at Kanazawa University designed a metallomolecular cage that can be opened through disulfide exchange reactions with thiolate anions. The cage's 'hatch' opens to allow cesium ions to enter, demonstrating its potential as a molecular container with on-demand guest uptake/release systems.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that exercising regularly is linked to better eating habits, with participants more likely to choose foods like lean meats and fruits and vegetables after exercise.
A new study reveals that marine fishing vessels release almost as much CO2 as 51 coal-fired power plants, with a total of 207-million tonnes emitted in 2016. The researchers found that the industry's reliance on fossil fuel and lack of policy management has led to a significant increase in emissions.
A new assay accurately measures TNF concentrations during adalimumab treatment, revealing that circulating TNF levels increase 50-fold before stabilizing. Lower TNF concentrations after the fourth week are associated with more antibodies against the drug and a lower chance of remission.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine discovered that Lin28a is needed for the development of pathological hypertrophy, a process where the adult heart enlarges in response to cardiac stress. This discovery could lead to more potent therapeutics for heart disease treatment.
The study focuses on two coastal regions in Thailand, assessing the impact of climate change on erosion and flooding. The Thai-coast project will enhance coastal community resilience through multidisciplinary research.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified two new Miscanthus cultivars, 'Nagara' and '10UI-032.004', with improved winter hardiness, making them suitable for northern growers. These hybrids showed better survival rates and biomass yields compared to other cultivars in cold winters.
The Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East laboratory, SESAME, has been recognized for its unprecedented scientific cooperation between political adversaries. The award honors the efforts of five scientists who made central contributions to its founding and development.
Researchers from the University of Konstanz develop an RNA-based inducible system for switching on genes in C. elegans, closing a significant gap in the research on genetic switches. The new approach establishes a novel inducible disease model for Huntington's disease, opening up new opportunities for research and application.
Black women are at a significantly increased risk of pregnancy-related stroke during delivery and postpartum admissions compared to white women. Black women with pregnancy-related conditions like preeclampsia are twice as likely to experience a stroke during delivery.
Researchers have developed a new method to produce structural colors that don't change with the angle of viewing. The technique involves coating spherical silica particles with iron oxide nanoparticles, resulting in non-iridescent colors.
Researchers at RCSI have developed a new treatment for osteomyelitis using a copper-rich glass implant. The implant attracts blood vessels and bone cells, accelerating bone repair and preventing bacterial growth. This breakthrough treatment has the potential to reduce antibiotic use and improve outcomes for patients with bone infections.
A new 3D imaging technique has revealed that pancreatic cancers can develop in two distinct types - 'endophytic' and 'exophytic' - depending on the size of the duct. This breakthrough may lead to improved treatments for pancreatic cancers by better understanding how cancer grows.
A new machine learning-based intention detection method predicts grasping/releasing intentions based on user behaviors, enabling SCI patients to pick-and-place objects. The method utilizes a first-person-view camera and is advantageous in detecting user intentions without requiring person-to-person calibrations.
Researchers found that a minimally invasive surgery combining clot-busting drug and catheter drainage reduced swelling and improved prognoses in hemorrhagic stroke patients. The study showed that every 10 milliliter increase in swelling volume was associated with a 25% higher risk of death at 30 days.
A study by UTHealth researchers identified three high-risk areas in Harris County where SUID cases are most likely to occur. Modifiable risk factors included unsafe co-sleeping, improper sleep position, and tobacco use. The study suggests that following the American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendations can reduce SUID incidence.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that calorie restriction prevented asthma symptoms in mice, regardless of diet composition. The study's results add to evidence supporting links between obesity, inflammation, and asthma, highlighting the value of anti-inflammatory drugs in treating asthma symptoms in obese individuals.
A Massachusetts General Hospital research team has identified intestinal immune cells that slow down metabolism, increasing fat storage. These cells, which guide immune cells to the gut, also regulate systemic metabolism by reducing a protein called GLP-1.
New research reveals that black students are more frequently suspended than white students of similar backgrounds, despite controlling for behavioral and socioeconomic factors. Students with disabilities were initially at greater risk but their risk was later explained by other study factors.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery reports that autologous breast reconstruction after failed implant reconstruction is associated with significantly improved patient satisfaction and quality of life. The procedure has an acceptable complication rate, despite some additional challenges related to previous breast ca...
A randomized trial published in The BMJ found that medical scribes increase doctors' productivity and shorten patients' stays at emergency departments, with minimal risk to patient safety. Using scribes can save hospitals USD$26.15 per scribed hour, according to a cost-benefit analysis.
A new study finds that a sea star wasting disease and warmer sea surface temperatures led to the dramatic decline of sunflower starfish in both nearshore and deep waters. This collapse has broader effects on kelp beds and other marine ecosystems.
Physicists have made a slight improvement to the ATLAS experiment's measurement, but results are nearly consistent with the standard model. Despite this, researchers remain hopeful that future data may reveal new physics or dark matter particles.
Researchers identified a translocation between chromosomes 4 and 9 in acinic cell carcinomas, leading to the activation of oncogenic genes. This discovery sheds light on the molecular causes of salivary gland cancer, enabling easier diagnosis and potentially new treatment options.
A recent study analyzing genomic differentiation among six baboon species found evidence for hybridization of ancient and recent generations. This research provides new insights into the evolution of the genome, shedding light on complex evolutionary divergence and genetic admixture in modern humans and extinct relatives.
Researchers found that 'cuckolder' males and the mother's social partner were more related than expected by chance. This phenomenon allows for inclusive fitness benefits to mitigate costs of cuckoldry, where closely related males work together to compete against host males.
A new assay developed by NIH-supported scientists can accurately count the cells comprising the HIV reservoir, enabling researchers to understand whether their strategies are working. This advance aims to speed HIV research by allowing scientists to easily quantify the number of proviruses that must be eliminated to achieve a cure.
A new study by the American Heart Association finds that rising temperatures from climate change may lead to a significant increase in congenital heart defects among newborns in the US. The research estimates up to 7,000 additional cases in eight states over an 11-year period.
Research on gut metagenome of patients with Crohn's disease shows a decrease in beneficial microbes and increased abundance of pathogenic Escherichia coli. The analysis identifies diverse strains of E. coli that can coexist in the human gut, influencing treatment efficacy.
A Rutgers study found that early childhood obesity prevention interventions are needed beyond preschool education settings. The research emphasizes the importance of culturally adapted, bilingual nutrition and physical activity programs for children and their families.
New research shows cancer cells cause premature ageing in healthy bone marrow cells, leading to faster disease progression. The study identifies NOX2 enzyme as key player in this process, highlighting potential for new treatments.
A research team led by Professor Jaeheung Cho has found a new active intermediate synthesized in the oxidation process using biomimetic catalysts and artificial oxidants. This discovery clarifies the oxidation mechanism and clears the long-standing debate on the role of metal-iodosylbenzene intermediates.
Researchers have discovered global connections in extreme rainfall events, which could lead to better forecasts and more accurate climate models. By analyzing satellite data, the team found that extreme rainfall events are connected across the world through atmospheric patterns.
Researchers have developed a statistical approach to identify sexually diagnostic physical features in cremated bones, allowing for accurate sex determination of ancient remains. Eighteen skeletal traits were found to correlate strongly with sex, enabling archaeologists to differentiate male and female remains.
The Threatened Species Recovery Hub has identified the top 100 Australian plant species facing extinction, with ground orchids topping the list. Urbanization, inappropriate fire regimes and introduced plant diseases are major drivers of these extinctions, highlighting the need for urgent conservation efforts to save these unique species.
A study led by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that middle-aged athletes who engaged in high-volume exercise (at least 5-6 hours per week) did not have an increased risk of heart disease or mortality. The researchers also found that women were excluded from the study due to lower mortality rates compared to men.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that fasting increases metabolic activity, generates antioxidants, and may reverse some aging effects. Researchers discovered 30 previously unknown substances whose quantity increases during fasting, indicating various health benefits.
Black stroke patients are less likely to receive clot-busting medication tPA in community hospital emergency departments compared to white patients. This disparity may be attributed to various factors beyond the patient's access to comprehensive stroke centers, highlighting a need for further research and intervention.
Researchers analyzed impasto layers in three of Rembrandt's paintings and found a rare lead mineral called plumbonacrite, which was not previously known to occur in historic paint layers. The study suggests that Rembrandt used a unique paint recipe.
A new noninvasive technique has been developed to simulate repairs to the heart's mitral valve with high levels of accuracy. This will enable surgeons to provide patient-specific treatments, potentially reducing recurrence rates after surgery.
Researchers at RMIT University developed a nano-enhanced material that captures 99% of light and converts it into chemical energy, offering a sustainable alternative for the chemical manufacturing industry. The innovation has potential applications in desalination, night vision technology, and producing valuable chemicals.
A team led by Cornell University's Peng Chen has determined that photocurrent loses approximately 20% of its power as it passes through the interface between nanoparticles. This finding provides a benchmark for designing efficient nanostructured photoelectrodes and solar devices.
Researchers discovered that isolated populations of threespine sticklebacks develop comparable characteristics in alkaline and acidic habitats, suggesting a shared genetic basis. The study found that changes in the genome proceed in similar ways across different habitats, making evolution predictable.
A one-hour workshop on houseplant-potting improved the moods of incarcerated women and provided a respite from their surroundings. The study highlights the value of interaction with nature for therapeutic and rehabilitative goals, suggesting that such activities can have a lasting impact on quality of life while in prison.
The combination of ocean warming and an infectious wasting disease has devastated populations of large sunflower sea stars along the West Coast. The loss of these sea stars has caused a cascading effect on the ecosystem, with urchin populations expanding and threatening kelp forests and biodiversity.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new technique to map elemental distributions in metal nanoparticles, potentially leading to more efficient catalysts for energy converting systems. The breakthrough uses spectroscopic single particle reconstruction to reveal atomic-scale chemistry in metal nanoparticles.
A study published in Communications Biology found that chronic conditions like cancer and diabetes share common underlying mechanisms with aging. The researchers analyzed genetic data from over 300,000 people and identified 12 genetic loci associated with healthy life expectancy.
Researchers have charted the environment surrounding a stellar-mass black hole using NASA's NICER payload. The study reveals changes in the environment's size and shape, including the corona contracting vertically from 100 to 10 miles at vast distances.
Researchers have developed a medium-term, reversible form of male contraception using layers of materials to block the vas deferens. The approach involves injecting four layers into the duct, which can be broken down and reformed by heat, allowing for temporary sterilization.
Research published in Clinical Psychological Science found no evidence that social media use predicts later depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults. Instead, greater depressive symptoms predicted more social media use over time, but only among adolescent girls.
A breakthrough discovery has identified new links between natural air pollutants and manmade emissions, which could lead to more accurate climate-related legislation. The study found that particles formed from a mixture of natural and man-made vapours are significantly reduced compared to individual components.
A nationwide study found that counties with dirtier air had higher rates of stroke deaths and shorter life expectancies. The study analyzed health data and pollution monitoring information from 1,561 counties across the US, revealing a significant association between PM2.5 pollution levels and increased risk of stroke.
Infants exposed to two languages at home exhibit better attentional control and learning abilities than monolingual peers. This study suggests that bilingual environments can shape attentional systems from an early age, laying the groundwork for future cognitive advantages.
A 34,950-33,900 year old skull from Mongolia has been identified as the oldest known modern human in the region. The ancient skull's presence confirms its link to the Early Upper Palaeolithic industry, which is typically associated with modern humans.
Researchers found that vaccination with Streptococcus mitis boosted production of IgG and IgA antibodies, as well as Th17 cells, offering protection against certain serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The study suggests that this natural human colonizer could be used to develop a safe vaccine against the disease.
Researchers have identified 10 genes encoding transaminases, which can synthesize compounds with special chirality. This breakthrough could aid bioprospecting and genetic engineering programs to produce new medicines.