Researchers have identified genes that can help chickens resist Newcastle disease, a major poultry pathogen affecting small flocks in low- to middle-income countries. The study found that certain breeds of chickens have innate resistance to the disease due to evolutionary adaptations.
The current Norwegian Barents Sea oil spill risk governance framework is inadequate for integrating multiple risk frames and knowledge systems. Social learning and collaborative knowledge production are essential for developing a shared understanding of the problem situation and solutions.
The research team has demonstrated an extended retention time for digital information without an increase in active power consumption. The new magnetic tunnel junction structure increases the interfacial magnetic anisotropy, leading to a high thermal stability factor.
A multicenter trial found that linagliptin reduced albuminuria but had no significant effect on eGFR or cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. The study also suggested that stratifying patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria could lead to better outcomes.
Researchers discovered that TPC1 ion channel contributes to plant excitability, enabling plants to respond to stressors. The study sheds light on plant communication and may lead to breeding more resilient crop varieties.
A study found that altering food order and offering substitutes lower in saturated fat can encourage healthier choices when shopping online. Participants who received these interventions chose products with less saturated fat than those with no intervention.
A new study by Concordia researchers found that parents with higher reading-related knowledge provide more praise and less criticism, helping their children's reading development. They also teach critical connections between graphemes and phonemes to aid in reading.
The US Department of Energy is investing $32 million to accelerate material design through supercomputers. Seven projects will develop open-source software for designing functional materials with various applications.
A study at EULAR 2019 found that RA patients with IBD and type I diabetes have higher rates of venous thromboembolism, epilepsy, and heart attacks compared to controls. These findings suggest that these conditions may be novel comorbidities for patients with RA.
Lillian Fritz-Laylin is a recipient of the Pew Scholars Program in Biomedical Sciences, which includes four years of funding to investigate complex mechanisms of biology. Her research focuses on understanding how cells deploy actin for various functions, with implications for disease prevention and progression.
An international team, led by Australian researchers, has published a first-of-its-kind study assessing the major drivers of global marine heatwaves. They found that known climate phenomena, such as El Niño and North Atlantic Oscillation, can increase the odds of marine heatwaves in other regions thousands of kilometres away.
Researchers at Kanazawa University found that electron beam irradiation improves the mechanical properties of short-carbon-fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The treatment strengthens and lengthens carbon fibers, reducing the negative effects of crosslinking and increasing recyclability.
A survey of over 900 RMD patients revealed that pain caused one in ten to have suicidal thoughts, highlighting the huge impact of pain on mental health. Poor sleep quality also had a negative influence on pain, with two thirds of patients rarely or never feeling fully rested.
Climate change connected and disconnected Andean sky islands over the past million years, according to a new mathematical model. The páramo habitat, with stunted shrubs and alpine plants adapted to high winds and cold temperatures, exists between the upper forest line and snowline.
The VITALE study found that high-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly reduces fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients, with a lower incidence of fractures in the high-dose group compared to the low-dose group. The treatment was well-tolerated with no increased risks of adverse effects.
The Pew Scholars Program in the Biomedical Sciences supports young researchers investigating connections between embryos and their mothers, tick-borne diseases, and sensory information processing. The program aims to drive significant scientific discoveries by investing in promising scientists at the beginning stages of their careers.
Researchers used satellite imagery to gather detailed information on earthquakes, including location, size of surface deformation, and proximity to population centers. This data improved analysis of earthquake impact and led to more accurate estimates of fatalities and economic losses.
The study reveals that high tunnels can increase yield, enhance shelf life, and improve crop quality, but also pose challenges such as added labor and time requirements. Farmers perceive the ability to differentiate products based on higher quality and premium pricing as a key attractive opportunity.
A study analyzed green industry firms' online marketing adoption rates, finding that smaller businesses invest more in online ads after initial hesitation. The investigation highlights the need for education programs to help green industry businesses integrate online advertising into daily operations.
Researchers used plug-and-play temperature controllers to create controlled-environment chambers from standard chest freezers, enabling the detailed observation of developmental rates in response to different temperatures. The study found a clear temperature-dependent effect on budbreak and seed germination, allowing for expanded resea...
A large pan-European survey found significant gaps in rheumatoid arthritis care, with 'diagnosis within six weeks' being the most concerning standard of care. The study highlights the need for improved care in essential aspects of rheumatoid arthritis care.
An international team of researchers investigated changes in egg predation on shorebird nests over the past 60 years, challenging a recent claim of increased predation in the Arctic. The study found little support for this hypothesis, instead attributing changes to shifts in research methods and biases in data analysis.
The Nephrology and Public Policy Committee (NPPC) has outlined a research plan to stimulate collaboration and grant applications in Europe. The plan focuses on addressing the global spread of kidney diseases, improving diagnostic tests, and enhancing patient care.
A new study published by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution found that major currents in the North Atlantic do not directly cause changes in sea levels along the New England coast. Instead, both are controlled by variability in weather patterns over the North Atlantic, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation.
A new study suggests that increased levels of the protein sarcospan improve cardiac function by reinforcing cardiac cell membranes, which become feeble in patients with DMD. Sarcospan could also act as a scaffold that supports other essential proteins at the cell membrane.
Researchers at TUM and Max Planck Institute discovered quasiparticles that don't decay, but instead oscillate between decay and rebirth. This phenomenon explains unusual stability in materials like magnetic compounds and superfluid helium.
A research team has characterized a VQ gene family in strawberries, revealing its relationship to protein transcription factors that regulate stress response genes. This study provides valuable insights into the strawberry's defense mechanisms and opens up possibilities for genetic improvement.
An observational study found that human contact was responsible for 90% of the spread of one species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to new patients. However, the same level of transmission was not seen with another species, highlighting the need for multiple prevention strategies.
Researchers discovered a modified enzyme produced by fungus Trichoderma harzianum that increases glucose release from biomass for fermentation. The modified protein proved 300% more efficient than the wild-type enzyme in terms of glucose release, making it suitable for industrial application.
A new artificial nose technology helps neurosurgeons identify cancerous tissue during brain tumor surgery by analyzing surgical smoke. The system achieved an accuracy of 83% in classifying samples from brain tumors, with improved performance for low-malignancy tumours.
UC Riverside researchers identified two genes responsible for regulating plant greening through mutant plant experiments. The discovery sheds light on the complex process of photosynthesis and its control by the cell's nucleus and chloroplasts.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered a molecular pattern that flags prostate enlargement and identified two genes likely playing a role in its development. The researchers found that only certain cell types multiply, leading to a fundamental shift in the type of cells making up the prostate.
A study by Bielefeld University and New York University reveals that healthy adults systematically misattribute touch on the hands to the feet and vice versa. The researchers found that three characteristics of touch - limb identity, side of body, and canonical anatomical position - contribute to phantom sensations.
Researchers have identified a new family of bacteria, Deianiraeaceae, which belongs to the order Rickettsiales and exhibits a unique extracellular lifestyle as a predator. This discovery reveals a significant departure from previously known intracellular parasites.
The phase 2B study demonstrated superior efficacy of tildrakizumab versus placebo in patients with psoriatic arthritis, achieving high response rates for PASI 90 and ACR 50. The treatment was generally safe, with minor adverse events reported.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has funded research for 10 postdoctoral fellows from six Latin American countries to conduct studies in the US. The researchers aim to advance biomedical science and expand scientific expertise in their home countries.
Researchers have developed a two-step process to more efficiently break down carbohydrates into their single sugar components, producing bioethanol or biobutanol for use as fuel. The process produces about 30% more sugars than traditional methods and has the potential to commercialize green fuel production.
A team of researchers, led by Jennifer Brisson and Benjamin Parker, discovered genes from a densovirus that determine whether pea aphids produce winged or wingless offspring. The study sheds light on the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity in insects.
Researchers discovered that behavioral traits are highly heritable, explaining differences between breeds. The study analyzed data from over 6,000 cats representing three breeds: Maine Coon, Ragdoll, and Turkish Van.
Researchers have developed L-TEAM, a low-temperature DNA amplification method that works at body temperature, enabling highly sensitive nucleic acid detection. The method reduces non-specific amplification errors, making it suitable for disease diagnostics and biosensors.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen are working on a six-year collaborative project to develop more resilient crops using beneficial microorganisms. The goal is to create crops that can thrive in an environmentally friendly manner, reducing the need for pesticides and fertilizers.
Researchers from the University of Surrey found that ideal leisure activities for happiness and carbon reduction include goal-oriented pastimes like sports, reading, and socializing. However, these activities can be done in low or high carbon ways, emphasizing the need for a two-pronged approach to address long-distance travel.
Researchers found that NFL players are disproportionately born in January through March, suggesting a link between early birth and athletic success. The study highlights the importance of physiological factors beyond player control on athletic performance.
Researchers at Duke University have identified a key cluster of neurons in the mouse brain responsible for producing ultrasonic 'songs.' By controlling these neurons, scientists can make a mouse sing or not on command. The discovery sheds light on the mechanisms that allow humans to form speech and communication sounds.
A new paper provides an updated national birth weight reference for the United States using the most recent, nationally representative birth data. The study aims to improve clinical indicator of morbidity and long-term health outcomes in children and their mothers by addressing previous limitations.
A study of 496,989 US patients found that those employed 6 months prior to dialysis initiation had lower mortality rates and higher transplant rates compared to unemployed individuals. The study highlights the importance of employment in improving quality of life and health outcomes for haemodialysis patients.
A global dataset analysis revealed exponential increases in gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) with mean annual temperature (MAT), with maximum leaf area index (LAI) as a key factor determining carbon fluxes across all biomes. The model explained 53% of GPP variations and 48% of ER variations, highlighting ...
A new non-invasive prenatal test has been developed to diagnose sickle cell disease in unborn babies. The test uses cell-free fetal DNA and has shown promising results, with successful diagnoses achieved in 21 out of 24 pregnancies. Further development and validation are needed before the test can be introduced into clinical practice.
A new USC study finds that exposure to cartoon-based advertisements for e-cigarettes may increase the likelihood of vaping among young adults. Cartoon images are being used by e-liquid companies and online vendors to market their products, and recognition of these images is associated with a greater potential for use.
Researchers and health organizations are urging a coordinated effort to develop operational procedures, including methods for identifying scabies prevalence in impacted countries. The goal is to reduce the burden of scabies-related illnesses such as rheumatic heart disease through mass drug administration strategies.
The Hubble Space Telescope has observed multiple supernovae in the spiral galaxy NGC 4051, revealing Type Ic supernovae produced by massive star core collapse. These events are scattered throughout the center and spiral arms of the galaxy.
Researchers have developed a human cerebral organoid system, or 'mini-brain,' to study sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and its subtypes. The model enables evaluation of potential therapeutics and provides insights into human prion disease progression.
A new biomarker, urinary DKK3, has been identified as a predictor of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. High preoperative levels of DKK3 are associated with lower kidney function and increased risk of AKI.
The study reveals that the main perceived production problem is insect management, followed by crop timing and disease management. The survey also highlighted common postharvest issues such as temperature management, hydration, and flower food management, with hydration and vase life being the top concerns.
Researchers found that even after losing ability to carry electrical current with no energy loss, materials retain some conductivity and possibly electron pairs required for superconductivity. The discovery supports the role of 'charge stripes' in formation of charge-carrier pairs essential to resistance-free flow of electrical current.
A pilot study presented at EULAR 2019 suggests that electro stimulation of the vagus nerve can reduce signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. The study showed a significant reduction in disease activity and improved response criteria, with two-thirds of patients meeting good or moderate response criteria.
Researchers analyzed genomic data from over 31,000 parent-child trios and identified 307 significantly enriched genes, 49 of which are novel. The study explains about 51% of the DNM burden in their dataset, leaving half unexplained, providing clues for future discovery.
Researchers create mathematical framework to estimate cost-benefit trade-off of seeking shade in a warming world. The framework predicts that 17 insect species will experience 'behavioral rescue' and improve their fitness, while 19 are likely to be negatively impacted by rising temperatures.
The Cyprus League Against Rheumatism has successfully implemented the first rheumatology nurse educational program in Cyprus, improving patient care and safety skills. A randomized controlled trial shows that nurse-led patient education can significantly improve essential safety skills in patients with inflammatory arthritis.
A new study led by University of California, Berkeley researchers found that elk primarily rely on environmental cues, such as a retreating snowline and greening grasses, to decide when to migrate. The study used GPS tracking data from over 400 animals and satellite imagery to create a comprehensive model of the migrations.
A recent study by the Centre for Substance Use Research found that approximately 45.5% of 15-17 year olds in the US had heard or seen a JUUL, while 7.6% had used one in the past and 4.0% within the last 30 days. The research suggests that JUUL use is less prevalent amongst young people than previously thought.
A recent study investigated the desirability and practicality of producing snack peppers with low seed count. The findings revealed that true breeding pepper lines with reduced fruit seed count exhibited significantly reduced seed count, making them more suitable for specialty markets.
A new study by Lund University economist Erik Bengtsson challenges the myth that Sweden became a social democracy due to a tradition of independent farmers and a lack of nobility. Instead, he argues that the temperance movement's organisational culture and free churches played a crucial role in shaping the Swedish welfare state.
Researchers develop a bio-scoring system to improve prognostication for dogs with mammary tumors, identifying those at higher risk of metastasis. The system uses tumor stage, grade, and histological type to provide a clearer picture of treatment options.
A new blood test may help personalize treatment for patients with HPV-linked head and neck cancer. Characteristics such as high circulating tumor HPV DNA levels before treatment and rapid clearance of the virus were linked to improved outcomes.
Scientists have developed a method to transport individual droplets using transverse surface waves, enabling more efficient applications in lab-on-a-chip systems and self-cleaning surfaces. This technology also opens up possibilities for harvesting moisture from the air and improving blood tests.
Researchers at NAIST created a deep learning-based system to transcribe Japanese lecture speech and translate it into English with near-realtime accuracy. The system uses archived lecture videos with subtitles in both languages, achieving better translations than traditional live translation methods.
Tropical Cyclone Vayu is weakening due to increasing vertical wind shear, causing it to elongate and potentially intensify into a hurricane. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts landfall near the India/Pakistan border by June 17.
Researchers used social media tools to engage large audiences in a concert, sustaining participation for an average of nine minutes. The Crowd in C app allowed audience members to manipulate sounds and create their own compositions, demonstrating the power of computer science in nontraditional ways.
The study found a significant association between Medicaid expansion and a reduction in reported child neglect cases. However, the relationship with physical abuse rates was not conclusively linked, suggesting potential delayed effects or variability in program implementation.
Geetu Tuteja, an assistant professor at Iowa State University, has been selected as a Pew Scholar to study genetic networks that establish a healthy connection between embryos and their mothers. She will receive a four-year, $300,000 grant to conduct biomedical research aimed at advancing human health.
Tropical Cyclone Vayu is still lingering near the northwestern coast of India, with its cloud-filled eye offshore. The storm is weakening due to dry air feeding into it, but low vertical wind shear and warm waters are keeping it together.
Seven early-career scholars are awarded four-year grants to advance their research on reprogramming tumor-associated immune cells, mutant proteins in lung cancer, and treating acute myeloid leukemia.
The UBI trial found that sodium bicarbonate treatment delayed progression of chronic kidney disease, reducing the risk of death by 57% and hospitalizations. The study also showed a significant delay in creatinine doubling time, translating to a relative risk reduction of 64%.
Researchers found that FOLFIRINOX prolonged patients' lives by an average of 22.2 months, increasing the chances of complete tumor removal through surgery. More than two-thirds of cancers responded well to treatment, allowing for surgical removal.