St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists identified a pathway called LC3-associated endocytosis (LANDO) that clears β-amyloid protein, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The discovery may lead to strategies for treating neurodegenerative disorders and malignant brain tumors.
A University of Queensland study confirms a 70-year-old theory on fluid turbulence, which causes inefficiency in transporting fluids through pipes and affects ship movements. The research uses ultra-cold atom systems to control and measure the phenomenon.
Researchers analyzed data from four years of Q&A sessions at academic conferences and found that men asked most questions, even in a majority-woman audience. The study suggests that public discussion and policy changes focused on gender equity can make a significant difference.
A new study reveals that high antioxidant levels may accelerate lung cancer spread, contradicting the long-held notion that antioxidants like vitamin E prevent cancer. The research highlights a complex interplay between protein BACH1, NRF2, and heme-driven oxidative stress in facilitating cancer cell migration.
Researchers at CBPF and UFABC used quantum correlations to reverse thermodynamic arrow of time, allowing heat to flow from cold to hot without external energy. The experiment demonstrates a generalized form of the second law of thermodynamics, highlighting the role of quantum correlations in thermal transfer.
A new technology allows clinicians to map patient pain in real-time using augmented reality glasses and brain data. The study tested on 21 volunteer dental patients showed promising results, predicting pain with accuracy of about 70%. The tech has the potential to improve pain measurement for various conditions.
Conduct Disorder is associated with an exceptionally high individual, societal, and economic burden, seven times greater than attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. If left untreated, CD can lead to negative consequences, including adult outcomes of antisocial or borderline personality disorder, criminal behavior, and gang involvement.
Research finds that common types of mold spores on the International Space Station can survive high doses of ionizing radiation, raising concerns about contamination and planetary protection protocols. The findings also suggest that fungi could be used to produce important compounds like antibiotics and vitamins in space.
Researchers found a consistent cholesterol-lowering effect for soy protein across all 46 trials, contradicting the FDA's proposed revocation of its health claim. The study's findings support the original FDA claim and highlight the benefits of incorporating soy into a plant-based diet.
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine has seen a significant increase in its impact factor, with a jump of 25% compared to the previous year. The journal's immediacy index also increased, indicating a faster pace of citation activity.
A team of researchers from the University of Virginia School of Medicine discovered a sugary coating on ancient single-celled organisms that makes their protein filaments resistant to extreme conditions. The breakthrough could lead to the creation of durable clothing, carpet, and building materials.
A survey study found that YouTube, WhatsApp, VSCO, and Photoshop users had lower self-esteem scores. In contrast, Tinder and Snapchat users showed a higher acceptance of cosmetic surgery. The study's findings suggest an association between social media and photo editing app use and attitudes towards cosmetic surgery.
Tanu Malik's project aims to establish reproducibility of real-world computational and data science. Her system, Sciunit container, makes it easier to reproduce and compare scientific experiments by aligning data, programs, and environments.
Researchers discover that some red giants contain less iron and more elements like magnesium and calcium, suggesting an ancient age. The study reveals that these stars may have merged with others during their transformation into red giants, explaining the apparent paradox.
A study found that 40% of older adults initiating dialysis experienced a decline in functional status, with higher risks in those with advanced age and frailty. Caregivers also reported an increased burden after dialysis initiation.
Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria living inside algae that produces toxic compounds for the sea slug's defense. The three-way symbiotic relationship allows the slug to obtain food and defensive chemicals while the algae benefits from chemical production and the bacteria receive a home and nutrients.
Researchers found that the region covered by the Belt and Road Initiative has significant solar energy potential, capable of meeting up to 41 times current electricity demand. The study suggests a possible solution to reduce BRI countries' need for fossil fuels, achieving emission reduction goals set by the Paris Agreement.
A new clinical trial has successfully treated women with HER2-positive breast cancer who have no other treatment options by combining Herceptin with chemotherapy. The two-in-one treatment extended life for patients with high and low levels of the HER2 protein, offering a promising solution to drug resistance.
A new study by UC Santa Barbara Bren School professor Arturo Keller links reforestation to significant benefits in water quality. Reforestation of marginal croplands can reduce nutrient loading, biodiversity, and sediments in streams and rivers.
A Danish study of 32,000 haematological cancer patients found that one in five suffer from blood clots or bleeding, with varying risk levels depending on the type of cancer. The research highlights the need for individualized treatment and awareness of high-risk patients to prevent complications.
A study led by Michigan Medicine has revealed the presence of naturally occurring DMT in mammalian brains, sparking interest in its role within human brains. The discovery was made possible by detecting DMT in brain neurons using techniques such as in situ hybridization.
A new study published in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics suggests that the climate impact of contrail cirrus, formed from airplane contrails, will triple by 2050. The radiative forcing caused by contrail cirrus will be larger than expected CO2 emissions due to increased air traffic activity.
Finnish children from rural areas demonstrated better motor skills and spent more time outdoors than their urban counterparts. Participation in organized sports also supported motor development. The Skilled Kids study highlights the importance of environmental factors on childhood motor skills.
Researchers have discovered a new property of light, self-torque, which can be naturally generated through high-harmonic generation. This property enables beams with changing angular momentum to modulate properties similar to frequency modulation in communications.
Researchers developed a strategy to expand enteroendocrine cells in the gut, allowing for better study of gut-body communication. The new system enables detection of serotonin and other hormonal mediators, opening doors to research on gut health and disease.
Researchers have experimentally verified a 70-year-old theory of turbulence, shedding light on large-scale vortices in 2D fluid flow. The studies, published in Science, offer promise for future research on emergent structures in interacting quantum systems.
A study of almost 5000 IVF/ICSI cycles found that paternal age over 51 years significantly affects the chance of success, while miscarriage rates remain unchanged. Men are advised to not delay fatherhood due to declining natural fertility with increasing age.
A new study found that children are more likely to suffer injuries due to abuse when cared for by a male caregiver, especially if the male is the boyfriend of the mother or another caregiver. The odds of child physical abuse vs. accidental injury increased substantially in these situations.
The RoboBee has successfully flown solo for the first time, with a wingspan of four wings allowing it to lift off without additional power. The vehicle's weight is 259 milligrams, making it the lightest untethered flight ever achieved.
A new AI model, D3M, generates complex 3D simulations of the universe in milliseconds, achieving accuracy comparable to high-accuracy models. The breakthrough enables researchers to explore various cosmic scenarios without sacrificing accuracy.
A recent study has found a link between cardiac disease in captive gorillas and male obesity, revealing that thickening of the heart due to scarring interferes with normal heart function. Female gorillas also develop heart disease but less frequently than males, despite living longer.
Research from RIKEN Center for Brain Science found that betaine supplementation can counteract psychiatric symptoms in mice, including depressive behaviors and reduced oxidative stress. The study also identified a genetic variant predicting betaine's treatment efficacy, a potential example of precision medicine in psychiatry.
The 'Third Pole' region in Asia contains one-seventh of the world's freshwater, but rapid climate changes are affecting glacier melt and snowmelt. NASA's High Mountain Asia Team is conducting a comprehensive survey to understand these changes and their implications for food and water security.
A recent study has challenged the success of a historic health intervention used in developing countries, suggesting it was not as effective as initially thought. The intervention, which began in 1917, aimed to control tuberculosis and reduce mortality rates, but the new analysis found no significant impact on TB cases or infant mortal...
Researchers have retrieved nuclear genome sequences from ancient Neandertal fossils, providing a unique glimpse into the early history of European Neandertals. The study reveals that these ancient individuals were more closely related to later Neandertals in Europe than to those in Siberia, shedding new light on human migration patterns.
Researchers develop a technique to confine cytokine treatments to tumors by attaching a collagen-binding protein called lumican. The treatment improves survival rates in mice when combined with immunotherapies, while eliminating toxicity associated with cytokines alone.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that inguinal hernia repair with mesh performed by medical doctors had similar outcomes to those performed by surgeons, with no statistically significant differences in recurrence rates or complications.
Research conducted by the CNRS found that organic farming boosts honeybee colonies with 37% more brood, 20% more adult bees, and 53% greater honey production. This may be due to a wider diversity of pollen resources or lower pesticide mortality.
A study from MPFI has uncovered that CaMKII decodes calcium signals predominantly through its autonomous activity, rather than just its interaction with calmodulin. This finding broadens our understanding of how molecules contribute to memory and synaptic plasticity.
A new study demonstrates how ankyrin repeat and KH domain-containing protein 1 (ANKHD1) forms the early endosome, enabling cellular transport. The ARD of ANKHD1 contains 25 ankyrin repeats that have different roles in vesiculation and dimerization.
A recent study by Jae Hee Kang et al., published in JAMA Ophthalmology, initially reported a significant association between long-term statin use and reduced primary open-angle glaucoma risk. However, due to serious coding errors, the findings were later retracted.
MIT researchers create a system to convert protein molecular structures into audible sound, allowing for the creation of new proteins with useful properties. The system uses artificial intelligence to study cataloged melodies and introduce slight changes, resulting in new protein designs.
Researchers developed an algorithm to identify pediatric oncology patients in EHR data, narrowing down patient cohorts for clinical studies. The tool improved accuracy and efficiency in patient selection, paving the way for more effective research on childhood cancers.
Researchers found that at least one bystander intervenes in every public fight to help the victim, with increasing numbers leading to more interventions. The study, which analyzed CCTV footage from three cities, suggests that intervention is a human universal and can be encouraged through crime prevention efforts.
Researchers discovered a new topological insulator in Ba2CuSi2O6Cl2, generating attention for energy-efficient information transmission and processing. The study found non-dissipative electron flow on the surface of topological insulators.
A new study has found a stark contrast between the evidence available for adult chronic pain and that conducted in children, with only six trials involving 393 participants. The lack of high-quality evidence hampers treatment options for children with chronic pain, leading to increased anxiety, depression, and isolation.
A recent study published in the Journal of Transport and Land Use found that people living in high-density, mixed-use neighborhoods are more likely to commute by bike. High-density areas such as downtowns and college campuses tend to have higher rates of bike commuting due to increased safety and accessibility.
Researchers propose a possible cell-based therapy to stimulate lung development in fragile premature infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). The study suggests using c-KIT-positive endothelial cells from donors or generating them with pluripotent stem cells as a potential treatment.
A study by Oregon State University found that providing information about certification standards and organic production practices reduces consumer willingness to pay for all wines. However, when additional information about conventional winemaking practices is provided, willingness to pay for wine labeled as organic or made with organ...
A meta-analysis of 60 million individuals in high-income countries found significant decreases in HPV infections, anogenital wart diagnoses, and precancerous cervical lesions (CIN2+) after girls-only HPV vaccination. The study supports the WHO's revised position on vaccinating multiple age cohorts of girls aged 9-14 years old.
A recent study found that US hospitals typically wait over a year to prescribe new antibiotics, hindering the market for needed drugs. The delay is attributed to factors such as cost, lack of clear patient guidelines, and inadequate testing for candidate patients.
Research teams discovered that uridine diphosphate glucose accelerates SNAI1 mRNA decay, impairing lung cancer metastasis. Lower UDP-glucose levels are associated with higher metastasis and recurrence rates in lung cancer.
A defective degradation enzyme leads to the accumulation of gangliosides, causing deterioration in patients with storage diseases. Researchers have discovered that genetic disorders can trigger a cascade of consequential damages.
Researchers found genetic divergence between ice worm populations north and west of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia and those south and east. Birds are believed to have transported eggs between glaciers, introducing new diversity to isolated ice worms.
A team of researchers has developed a method to authenticate botanical ingredients by assigning unique chemical barcodes, which can distinguish between different parts of the same plant and detect chemical contaminants. The new barcode system uses nuclear magnetic resonance and statistical analysis to group similar samples together.
A large multicentre study of almost 5000 patients found no benefit from ICSI in terms of fresh and cumulative live birth rate in non-male factor cases, challenging the global trend of ICSI adoption
A new 3D-printed prosthetic hand can learn a wearer's movement patterns, allowing them to perform complex actions like picking up small items or clenching their fist. The hand's accuracy is above 95% for single simple motion and 93% for complicated motions.
Researchers developed a mouse model that recapitulates Parkinson's disease's progression, showing how misfolded protein α-synuclein spreads from the gut to the brain. The study supports Braak's hypothesis and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
A new study found that people in the US are wary of using CRISPR-based genetic engineering to achieve wildlife conservation goals. The research, conducted by a University of Central Florida researcher, suggests that the public perceives the risks of gene editing as outweighing the benefits.
Free-roaming horses in the US West degrade landscapes and shrink biodiversity due to soil compaction, water resource domination, and over-grazing of native plant species. The authors argue that rigorous ecological research is needed to address these issues and promote scientifically sound management.