Women with severe morning sickness during pregnancy are invited to join the largest European study of hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition that can lead to weight loss, dehydration, and malnutrition. The study aims to build a database of information about the genetic basis for the condition and potentially find new ways to treat it.
Research reveals workplace bullying can lead to health-related problems and behavioral issues in victims, including high avoidance coping strategies and moral disengagement. The study identifies five groups of victims based on exposure to bullying types and associated consequences.
Researchers reconstructed the red swamp crayfish invasion routes using mitochondrial gene analysis, revealing diverse introduction scenarios in North America and Europe. Genetic data suggest additional unrecorded introductions may have occurred from the US or other invaded territories.
Seven former FDA commissioners and a new paper suggest the FDA should become an independent agency to protect science-based drug safety decisions from political interference. The authors propose safeguards, including six-year terms for commissioners and budgetary independence, to ensure the agency's mission is upheld.
The study found that replacing red and processed meat with fish in the Danish diet can lead to a significant health benefit, particularly for men over 50 and women of childbearing age. The greatest effect is seen when consuming fatty fish, as it contains healthy fatty acids and vitamin D.
A team of scientists found that opsin 3, a protein related to rhodopsin, regulates melanin production in human skin cells. Without opsin 3, the skin produces more pigment, resulting in darker skin color. The study reveals a new paradigm for opsins and may lead to treatments for pigmentation disorders.
Researchers discovered that MEK inhibitors activate Wnt signalling pathway in colorectal cancer cells, leading to accumulation of tumor cells with stem cell characteristics. This explains why these drugs are not effective in treating colorectal cancer.
A University of Cordoba research group has developed a new methodology to categorize olive oil using gas chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry. The approach analyzes the oil's aromatic fraction, generating 3D graphics that predict classification with high reliability and ease of implementation.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have identified a specialized population of skin cells called Regeneration-Organizing Cells (ROCs) that coordinate tail regeneration in frogs. These ROCs work together to regenerate a tail with the right size, pattern, and cell composition after amputation.
A new study in Journal of Applied Ecology proposes ways to improve risk assessments for endangered species by incorporating accurate population growth rates and survival data. The models more closely reflect reality by assessing long-used assumptions and proposing analytics that better reflect the impact of survival and reproduction.
Researchers have discovered a human antibody that recognizes and disrupts a vulnerable region on the hemagglutinin protein of the influenza virus. This breakthrough could lead to the development of effective vaccines against multiple strains of the virus, potentially eliminating the need for annual seasonal flu vaccination.
A 2019 study found evidence of sporadic, small landslides preceding a massive one on Ritter Island, sparking interest in whether slow landslides reduce the risk of catastrophic collapses. Researchers measured seismic activity and deformation patterns to understand the island's dynamics.
A randomized, controlled trial found that ultra-processed diets led to higher calorie consumption and weight gain compared to unprocessed diets. Participants consumed an average of 508 calories more per day on the ultra-processed diet, resulting in a two-pound weight gain.
Studies found that writing prompts influencing positive attributes led to stronger recall of love for mothers in early childhood, but effects faded over time. Researchers also discovered that participants' current feelings were misremembered 8 weeks later.
A new study from Iowa State University finds that growing up in a community with limited access to banks or financial institutions can have long-term effects on financial health. Individuals who lack early exposure to banking tend to have lower credit scores and higher delinquency rates as adults.
Researchers from FAU Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute are investigating the use of marine natural compounds as potential treatments for triple negative breast cancers. They plan to identify clinically active compounds that could revolutionize treatment regimens and improve survival rates.
A team of researchers discovered a new gene linked to severe childhood epilepsy by analyzing phenotypes and genomics data of patients with similar clinical presentations. The study used a novel computational method to identify the AP2M1 gene variant, which regulates excitability and inhibition in brain cells.
A new study reveals that up to 90% of individuals at risk for Huntington's disease choose not to take a gene test, primarily due to uncertainty about treatment options and the inability to undo the knowledge. The study suggests that supportive counseling is necessary to help these individuals make informed decisions.
Research finds that fearful customers are sensitive to the size and scope of a data breach, whereas angry customers are not. The study also suggests that in the stock market, fear makes consumers more sensitive to breach size.
A study funded by the NIH found that early weight-loss surgery in youth can lead to remission of type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, compared to waiting until later in life. Teens who underwent gastric bypass surgery showed significant improvements in blood glucose control and reduced medication use.
A new anatomic study highlights critical technical issues to ensure safe performance of the Brazilian butt lift, a procedure using patient's own fat to augment and improve buttock appearance. Researchers recommend injecting only under skin, never into muscle, to prevent serious complications.
A new NIH supplement explores the role of health information technology in addressing health disparities. Researchers discuss the potential of health IT to increase access to care, improve healthcare quality, and promote better patient-clinician communication.
Researchers discovered that bedbugs have been parasitic companions with other species aside from humans for more than 100 million years. The team found that bedbugs are 50 million years older than bats and were already specialized on a single host type, even though the host was unknown at the time of T. rex.
A new study using single-cell analysis of brain cells from autism patients found that specific genetic changes in neural cells and brain circuits correlate with the clinical severity of autism. The research identified autism-specific genes that could represent high-priority targets for new therapeutic treatments.
Global impervious surface area (ISA) amounts to 60.01% of the world's urban land area, with North America, Europe, and Asia accounting for 84.25%. Green space is relatively high in developed countries but low in developing nations, highlighting the need for urban environmental improvement.
Researchers discovered a brain circuit that helps break decisions down into smaller pieces, allowing for more confident reasoning about probable causes of failure. The circuit enables individuals to navigate hierarchical decisions and adjust their approach based on confidence levels.
Researchers at the University of Georgia have developed a microfluidic device that captures nearly every circulating tumor cell (CTC) in a blood sample, over 99%. This technology has the potential to provide key information on CTCs and aid in the early detection of cancer relapse and disease progression.
Researchers found that sharing waters with an invasive Asian rockpool mosquito species reduces parasitism in native eastern tree-hole mosquito species, known as a dilution effect. The presence of the invasive species decreases parasite prevalence by 13-27% compared to 72-90% when kept alone.
A new study by an international research group has identified the main drivers of global land use projections, revealing that population growth, agricultural efficiency, and consumption changes are key factors. The findings suggest that increasing agricultural productivity, enforcing efficient land use protection, and shifting diets to...
Researchers have created a sensor that can measure and image magnetic structures at the atomic scale, enabling new directions in atomic-scale research. The sensor uses a single molecule magnet as a scanning magnetometer to detect spin-spin interactions between molecules.
Researchers found that long-term antibiotic treatment alleviates Alzheimer's disease symptoms in male mice by reducing inflammation and slowing amyloid plaque growth. However, the same treatment had no effect on female animals, with changes in the gut microbiome leading to increased proinflammatory factors.
A nearby galaxy, NGC 4485, is experiencing a surge in star birth due to its gravitational interaction with NGC 4490. The collision triggered the creation of young blue stars and nebulae on the right side of the galaxy.
A recent study found that organic animal farms increase bird numbers in agricultural environments, contrary to other environmental subsidies. The proximity of organic farms was particularly beneficial for insectivore birds.
Museum volunteers have discovered a new species of extinct heron, Taphophoyx hodgei, at the Montbrook fossil site in North Florida. The bird is believed to be most closely related to tiger-herons and was named after landowner Eddie Hodge, who has allowed researchers to excavate the site on his property.
Researchers found that simple prevention methods such as sealing floors, using soap for daily feet washing, and good household infrastructure can reduce tungiasis cases by up to a third and nearly half. The study suggests that public health workers can play a key role in expanding WASH policies to prevent the disease.
Passion in a relationship is crucial for intercourse frequency, according to a study by Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Women's attitudes to casual sex also play a major role, with those who differentiate between sex and relational aspects being more willing to compromise.
A team of researchers has mapped the molecular structure and dynamics of an aggressive protein modification linked to Alzheimer's disease. The study found that this modification accelerates disease progression, causing toxic protein fragments to aggregate into sticky plaques that disrupt brain cell communication.
The FDA faces significant politicization, threatening its ability to make scientifically-informed decisions on public health. Experts argue that increased independence is needed to protect the nation's health, citing precedents from other agencies such as the FCC and SSA.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have created a material that can significantly extend battery life and increase capacity. The oxygen redox-layered oxide (Na2RuO3) material, when used in lithium-ion batteries, enables self-repair due to its stronger coulombic attraction force, reducing degradation from charge and discharge cycles.
A nanocomposite combining polymer nanofibers and boron nitride nanosheets offers high strength and superior thermal conduction, allowing it to withstand harsh environments. The material acts as an effective heat sink up to 250 degrees Celsius.
The Maine INBRE program has received a $18 million grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences to strengthen biomedical research and research training in Maine. The program provides opportunities for undergraduate students and young faculty members to gain research experience and skills, leading to advancements in hum...
Research from Iowa State University found that cultural values significantly limit the effectiveness of transformational leadership. The four core components of transformational leadership were tested in nearly 200 studies of over 57,000 employees from 34 countries.
The survey found an estimated 414 million pieces of plastic debris on the islands' beaches, including single-use consumer items like shoes and toothbrushes. The total volume dwarfs that found on Henderson Island, indicating a need for urgent action to reduce plastic production and consumption.
A study suggests that transitioning to electric vehicles could reduce cardiopulmonary illness due to air pollution, leading to improved quality of life. The research found that the financial costs of building charging infrastructure are lower than the health benefits in many scenarios.
Research reveals that male fruit flies' genitals remain preserved in size even when food is scarce, allowing them to reproduce more successfully. This preservation is linked to lower levels of a growth factor called FOXO, which acts as a brake on growth and size maintenance.
Researchers discover a natural compound in broccoli that can reactivate the function of PTEN, a potent tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated or deleted in human cancers. The compound, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), was found to inhibit WWP1, an enzyme that inactivates PTEN's tumor-suppressing activity.
A study found that host-cell enzymes PARP12 and PARP14 play a crucial role in combating mutant coronavirus replication. The macrodomain of the virus is required to prevent these enzymes from inhibiting viral replication and enhancing the production of antiviral proteins.
A novel framework has been developed to systematically compare optical sensors, enabling the creation of a technology map that tracks developments in this rapidly growing industry. The map provides a comprehensive benchmark for standardizing optical refractive index sensors with plasmonic and photonic structures.
Researchers argue that preserving rare species can have a direct positive impact on human life, from restoring food sources like bluefin tuna to storing airborne carbon in giant sequoias. This new understanding is crucial for conservation decisions under climate change, shifting focus to future benefits rather than current conditions.
Research found that photosynthesis has increased nearly in constant proportion to rising atmospheric CO2 since the industrial era. Plants are working hard to mitigate climate change by absorbing CO2.
Researchers found that successful epilepsy surgery can restore brain networks, leading to improved quality of life for patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. The study showed significant improvements in brain network activity after surgery compared to healthy subjects.
A large-scale study has investigated the composition of microorganisms in the digestive tract of animals, revealing evolutionary relationships between host species and their gut microbiomes. The study found that closely related species share similar microbial communities, while diet also plays a significant role in shaping the gut micr...
Research suggests that optimized work schedules can lead to less stress, better patient care, and reduced turnover in nursing homes. The study found that facilities using the 'Work-Life Needs' method showed a link between improved scheduling and fewer pressure ulcers in patients.
Researchers found that messages about corruption from the rival party have a greater impact on Spanish Popular Party voters' brains, triggering areas related to risk, disappointment, and rejection. This biased rejection affects PP voters more intensely, regardless of whether the message is positive or negative.
A team of researchers developed CosmoGAN, a deep learning network that generates high-fidelity convergence maps for weak gravitational lensing. The model achieves high statistical agreement with fully simulated maps, paving the way for building emulators out of deep neural networks.
Researchers have identified a genetic variant influencing the age of onset in Huntington disease, beyond just the length of the expansion mutation. This new predictor may enable families with additional information and improve disease management by providing genetic counsellors with valuable data.
A new study at the University of Copenhagen found that immature intestinal cells can develop into stem cells based on their surroundings. The discovery may lead to more effective stem cell therapy for non-healing wounds and tissue repair.
A Danish study reveals that patients with both schizophrenia and epilepsy are at risk of dying before the age of fifty. The study found a significantly higher mortality rate among this group, with 27.2% of those with both conditions passing away between ages 25-50.
Researcher Pat Levitt will investigate how genetic factors interact with early experiences to influence brain circuit development, with a focus on the MET receptor gene. The study aims to determine the brain cells dependent on proper MET function to form healthy connections.
A study of human brains found that gene activity in specific cells is associated with autism severity, targeting potential treatments. Researchers identified a common set of circuit changes in neurons and glial cells, which were closely correlated with behavioral symptoms.