A new study reveals that animal-like embryos existed 609 million years ago, long before the emergence of definitive animals. The research found that Caveasphaera fossils displayed stages of development similar to those seen in living animals, including humans.
Scientists discovered that white blood cell envelopes' molecular order and electric charge protect cytotoxic lymphocytes from harm. This finding could help explain why some tumours resist certain cancer treatments.
A University of Guelph study reveals that fruit flies' aggression is shaped by past interactions, not just who they interact with. The findings suggest that aggression is a complex trait influenced by social experiences, and its effects can last for up to three days.
Researchers used a fine-resolution atmospheric radar to make the first measurements of Earth's ionosphere in the Antarctic region. The study provides valuable information about electron density, ion velocity, and temperature in the ionosphere, shedding light on atmospheric and ionospheric phenomena.
Researchers have developed a new manufacturing process that could enable ultra-efficient atomic computers storing more data and consuming 100 times less power. The technique, known as hydrogen lithography, allows for faster fabrication of atomic-scale computers.
Researchers detected imidacloprid residues in 48% of rape fields, posing a non-negligible risk to pollinating bees. Persistent use of neonicotinoids with certain crops threatens bee populations, highlighting the need for reinforcement of pesticide controls.
Researchers have discovered that malaria parasites use a specific protein to evade frontline treatment, leading to rapid development of antimalarial resistance. The study suggests ways to restore potency and monitor for emerging resistance in Southeast Asia.
Fine particulate air pollution has been linked to several common diseases that cause hospitalizations, including septicemia, fluid and electrolyte disorders, renal failure, and skin and tissue infections. The study found substantial health care and economic costs associated with even small increases in PM2.5 exposure.
A two-year study shows that starting antiretroviral therapy within hours of birth significantly reduces the HIV reservoir and improves immune responses in infants. This finding suggests that early treatment may substantially improve health outcomes in infants with HIV.
Scientists at UCLA have discovered a key protein that enables human blood stem cells to self-renew in laboratory conditions. Activating this protein, MLLT3, increases the number of blood stem cells by at least twelvefold, opening up new possibilities for treating blood disorders.
A study found that clownfish in Kimbe Bay are unable to adapt genetically to habitat changes and renew their population. The quality of the anemone providing a home to the fish is crucial to its survival, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these marine species.
A new study predicts that 80-83% of New Guinea's language areas will experience decreased plant species diversity by 2070 under a 2°Celsius warming scenario. The Science Advances Special Collection proposes climate-smart expansion of protected areas to account for biodiversity and cultural traditions.
A new device called NewPneu has the potential to impact pneumonia diagnosis in children worldwide. It uses biometric sensors and an Android app to detect respiratory rate and blood-oxygen level, two common measurements for detecting pneumonia.
Expert survey reveals conflict between renewable energy and bat protection, with most stakeholders agreeing that ecosystem sustainability is crucial. Possible solutions include accepting reduced wind turbine efficiency to compensate for shutdown times and prioritizing bat conservation over green electricity production.
Scientists have developed an atomic-scale manufacturing tool that speeds up data storage and increases computing power for artificial intelligence. This breakthrough could eliminate a gigatonne of carbon emissions while improving data capacities.
Researchers found that herbivores choose friends based on species with informative alarm calls, vigilance, and vulnerability to predators. This complex social world highlights the importance of communication between species for survival and conservation.
Cyanobacteria and plants use similar mechanisms to regulate cyclic electron flow during photosynthesis, according to LMU biologists Marcel Dann and Dario Leister. Two proteins, PGRL1 and PGR5, mediate control of CEF in plants.
Researchers at McMaster University created a new coating material to prevent clotting and infection in synthetic vascular grafts. The smart coatings selectively attract targeted cells, promoting faster, smoother healing. The coatings have already been approved for use in humans.
Researchers from CNRS disprove theory that Corneille wrote Molière's plays using authorship attribution techniques. Their study finds significant differences in writing habits and speech mannerism between Molière and other authors of the time.
The collaboration supports a four-year PhD programme to improve Li-S battery cycle life, funded by EPSRC and Swansea University. The partnership aims to promote Wales as a leading commercial production site for lithium sulfur cells.
Researchers observed four generations of clown fish in Papua New Guinea's Kimbe Island lagoons to find no genetic variation for reproductive success. Environmental conditions, particularly sea anemones, play a vital role in clown fish survival and population replenishment.
A national approach for pediatric sepsis surveillance has been developed, utilizing electronic health records to facilitate widespread tracking of rates and outcomes. The proposed approach includes a preliminary case definition adapted to address specific differences among infants and children.
A US study found short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with several newly identified causes of hospital admissions, including sepsis and kidney failure. The researchers suggest the World Health Organization air quality guidelines need revising.
A new study reveals that levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate are equally safe and effective in treating patients with refractory status epilepticus, a life-threatening condition characterized by prolonged seizures. The three drugs stopped seizures and improved responsiveness in approximately half of the study participants.
Researchers have developed elastic microlattice pads that can withstand both single hits and repeated impacts better than existing state-of-the-art foams. The new material absorbs up to 48% more energy efficiently compared to the top vinyl nitrile foam during repeated impacts.
A recent study published in The Lancet Planetary Health found that residents near irregularly shaped community parks have a lower mortality risk compared to those living near traditional square-shaped parks. The researchers, led by Huaquing Wang and Lou Tassinary, analyzed land cover data from Philadelphia and discovered that the compl...
A study by University of Seville researchers identified CD44 as a contributor to neuroblastoma's aggressive nature and metastasis. The findings offer a new therapeutic option for eliminating these cells and improving treatment outcomes for patients with high levels of CD44 in their tumors.
A team led by the University of Exeter suggests that animals carrying sensors can fill gaps in ocean monitoring, particularly in areas near poles and shallow coastal regions. The study highlights the potential for animal-borne sensors to enhance our understanding of climate variability and weather patterns.
Researchers developed a novel vaccine that protects against bovine tuberculosis (TB) without interfering with the tuberculin skin test. The new vaccine allows for simultaneous protection and accurate diagnosis of TB in cattle.
A Columbia University study finds that serotonin is the chemical that drives a fly's startle response, causing it to freeze momentarily. The research provides insights into the biology of this ubiquitous phenomenon and offers clues about what may happen in human bodies when we get startled.
Researchers from McGill University and the University of California, Davis, discovered that puffin beaks can drop by 5°C within 30 minutes of landing, suggesting an evolutionary trait to cool down during flight. This study suggests that large bills may have evolved to help birds dissipate heat from energetically demanding activities.
A study published in SPIE Journal of Biomedical Optics found that diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can reliably discriminate between healthy tissue and tumor tissue, regardless of neoadjuvant chemotherapy status. The technique's feasibility for tumor-margin assessment during breast-conserving surgery has been demonstrated.
A study found that only a fifth of UK shoppers know their intraocular pressure, a major risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma. Advertising the eye health check alongside blood pressure testing increased participation.
A study discovered contagious cancer in shellfish that has spread across the Atlantic Ocean and into the Pacific. Researchers believe ships may have transported infected mussels, delivering the disease to new regions. The findings could help develop plans to protect marine life and inform human cancer metastasis research.
Researchers describe how ancestral origins impact the likelihood of developing immune-related diseases, including Crohn's disease and cardiovascular diseases. The human immune system is evolving depending on a person's location or lifestyle, leading to new diseases emerging as our lifespans increase.
Researchers have discovered that people make choices based on a model of the 'mind of the group' and an evolving simulation of its effects. In large groups, humans create an average model of a 'mind' representative of the group, even when identities are unknown.
Higher brain areas provide feedback to primary visual cortex, reducing surround-suppression effect. Understanding this process is crucial for developing prosthetics that enable blind people to see again.
Researchers identified nine cases of people who lost their ability to swim after receiving deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. The study highlights the potential risk of drowning and emphasizes the need for supervised assessment before engaging in deep water activities.
A recent study published in Pediatric Research suggests that early use of breast milk could play a vital role in preventing heart disease in prematurely born infants. The study found that exclusively human milk-fed preterm-born adults had smaller heart chambers and relatively lower blood pressure compared to those who were formula fed.
A phase II clinical trial found that a small proportion of men with end-stage prostate cancer responded to pembrolizumab, an immunotherapy treatment, and lived for two years or more. The study identified a group of patients with DNA repair gene mutations who responded particularly well to the treatment.
The introduction of small doses of aluminum into the HA lattice enhances biocompatibility, improves matrix properties, and enables application as a coating for implants and high-temperature bioceramics
A clinical trial enrolled 10 adults with traumatic spinal cord injuries to receive stem cell injections, with the first patient demonstrating significant improvement in motor and sensory functions. The study's early findings suggest that patient response varies, but the treatment may offer a new option for improving physical function a...
Researchers found that MALT1 levels correlate with patient survival in brain cancer, and blocking the gene with MALT1 inhibitors causes glioblastoma stem cells to undergo cellular suicide. This discovery points to the potential of further exploring MALT1 inhibitors as a treatment for glioblastoma.
A four-year study found that immigration deportation worries double the risk of developing high blood pressure in Mexican-born women, highlighting potential negative impacts on cardiovascular health. The study suggests considering immigration policies' effects on stress levels and subsequent blood pressure outcomes.
Researchers developed an innovative method to measure the complexity of image representations in deep neural networks, shedding light on their processing stages. The study found that classification accuracy depends on the network's ability to simplify information, with more accurate results from simplified representations.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a new pathway contributing to degeneration of the light-sensitive tissue in the eye. A potential treatment involves blocking a protein called angiopoietin-like 4, which acts synergistically with VEGF activity.
New UBC research reveals that robotic vehicles like Amazon delivery drones or Mars rovers can be hacked using stealth attacks, causing them to crash or complete their missions late. The study identifies weaknesses in robotic vehicle software that could allow attackers to disrupt behavior and evade detection.
Researchers analyzed Ryugu asteroid's impact craters to understand its geological history. The study revealed that the eastern hemisphere was formed earlier than the western hemisphere, with more craters found at lower latitudes.
Researchers found that cromolyn sodium delayed the development of ALS symptoms in mice with a genetic mutation causing the disease. The treatment also protected neurons from degeneration and reduced inflammation by targeting mast cells.
A new approach to interpreting D-dimer blood tests can help rule out pulmonary embolism and reduce the need for CT scans, freeing up resources and reducing radiation exposure. The study found that a higher-than-usual D-dimer level can be considered a negative result in patients with low probability of having a pulmonary embolism.
Researchers have developed a method to precisely control the size and shape of nanoparticles, which could lead to more effective drug delivery systems. By modifying a base nanoparticle with a second polymer, scientists can create nanoparticles of specific dimensions.
A new University of Arizona study found that 36.5% of all land plant species are very rare, with many clustered in hotspots like the Northern Andes and Southeast Asia. These regions face a disproportionate risk of climate change and human disruption, threatening their survival.
The researchers found that the modular structure of feathers enables birds to adapt to different environments. They also discovered the underlying molecular signals guiding feather development, including Bmp and Ski pathways.
The researchers discovered a new method for synthesizing γ-aryl-β-ketoesters using aryne chemistry, which can improve the accessibility to these critical molecules. This approach may also aid in the preparation of diverse bioactive compounds for drug discovery.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed an algorithm to identify and correct mistakes in gene expression data, a major breakthrough in biological research. The CMU algorithm has detected 88 previously unknown anomalies in widely used RNA-seq libraries, opening up new avenues for investigation.
Researchers studied gunshot injury patterns and found that patients with chest or abdominal wounds were more likely to be readmitted to the hospital. The study aimed to identify injury patterns and predict future outcomes for victims of gun violence.
HRL Laboratories' microlattice impact attenuator pads demonstrate up to 48% improved absorption efficiency over vinyl nitrile foam when impacted repeatedly. The unique open-celled structure of the microlattice allows for better airflow, resulting in a cooler wearing experience.
This study demonstrates a novel self-sustaining liquid-cooling system that partially recovers lost thermal energy through electric power generation. The integration of thermo-electrochemical conversion with forced convection cooling enables the use of wasted heat for pumping coolant, reducing the need for active cooling.
A Chinese-led team of international scientists has discovered a massive stellar black hole with a mass 70 times greater than the Sun, located 15 thousand light-years from Earth. The discovery challenges current models of stellar evolution and forces theorists to re-examine how such massive black holes can form.
The Kennedy Uplink Station is a critical component of NASA's Launch Communications Segment, providing uplink and downlink communications between Artemis astronauts and mission controllers. The segment has reduced costs and simplified operations, enabling NASA to save tens of millions of dollars in operating costs over its lifetime.