A large-scale study has found a significant prevalence of 'chew and spit' eating behaviour among adolescent teenagers, with 12.2% of respondents reporting the behaviour. The study also links chew-and-spit to increased psychological distress, lower health-related quality of life, and associated disordered eating habits.
Researchers developed a high-power thermoelectric device using aligned metallic carbon nanotubes, outperforming semiconducting counterparts. The breakthrough enables efficient conversion of waste heat into electricity.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a novel approach to improve perovskite nanocrystal durability by encasing them in a plastic and silica double-layer protection system. The new method enables high-quality, complex architecture perovskites with controlled dimensions and surface chemistry, unlocking potential for v...
Cold waves triggered by Arctic sea ice loss are memorized in Eurasia, amplifying cooling in subsequent winters. The memory effect contributes to generating atmospheric circulation and advancing winter's arrival.
Researchers at University of Toronto's Rotman School of Management devised a new method to manage perishable inventory, cutting costs by up to 27%. The single most effective strategy is shortening lead time between receiving an order and delivering it, reducing costs for suppliers in the food retail industry.
Researchers from King's College London have found that fine particles (PM2.5) on the London Underground are significantly higher than in other modes of transport, posing a health risk to commuters. The study suggests that certain stations, such as Oxford Circus and London Bridge, require interventions to reduce exposure.
Researchers found that playing healthy reef sounds through loudspeakers in dead coral patches doubled fish arrival and increased species diversity by 50%. This 'acoustic enrichment' method could help kick-start natural recovery processes on damaged coral reefs.
A study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that many high-risk individuals eligible for HIV preventive medication face knowledge gaps, attitudinal roadblocks, and placement of responsibility on patients, leading to low access rates. The researchers recommend increased primary care access and educational initiat...
Typhoon Kammuri continues to strengthen with a noticeable increase in its central dense overcast (CDO), indicating some strengthening of the storm. The storm's maximum sustained winds have increased to 85 mph, and it is forecast to make landfall in the central and northern Philippines on Dec. 3.
Researchers describe an extremely well-preserved pterosaur specimen from the Afro-Arabian continent, shedding light on the evolutionary history of these creatures. The study suggests that this type of pterosaur likely fed on crustaceans and lived in shallow marine waters during the Late Cretaceous period.
Researchers at Uppsala University sequenced a chromosome in zebra finches called the germline-restricted chromosome (GRC), finding it tens of millions of years old and crucial for songbird biology. The GRC plays a key role in early embryonic development and protects somatic cells from negative effects.
The study developed a comprehensive computational model of an intact knee joint to analyze the biomechanical response of soft-tissues under different meniscus conditions. The results suggested that a composite meniscal implant with a shell-core structure performed better than other options, restoring natural joint mechanics.
New research from the University of Alberta sheds light on iron biology's role in three human diseases: porphyria, Andersen disease, and Wolfram syndrome. The study finds that a protein called aconitase regulates genes in the nucleus to control iron levels.
Researchers found that the retina can receive energy from infrared light at a lower threshold, allowing for improved sensitivity in microperimetry devices. This discovery has the potential to detect functional retinal changes, such as age-related macular degeneration, earlier and better.
Researchers created a compact device to interface with electronic architecture of traditional computers using light-encoded information. The device uses surface plasmon polariton to confine light into nanoscopic dimensions, overcoming the incompatibility between electrical and optical computing.
Researchers have found that dietary supplements can improve the clean-up process in cells called mitophagy, which breaks down defective mitochondria, thereby delaying aging processes in animal models with Werner Syndrome. This study provides promising results for potential treatments and understanding of the mechanisms of aging.
New research suggests ancient microorganisms played a critical role in setting the stage for life on a dimly lit early Earth. These microbes transformed iron into rusty minerals without oxygen and served as a food source for other microbes, producing methane that warmed the planet's atmosphere.
A new study reveals that scarring in the brain's white matter can affect not only the surrounding areas but also distant parts of the brain. Research by Asta Håberg found that smoking and high blood pressure increase the risk of developing these scars, which can lead to a higher risk of dementia and stroke.
Researchers introduce a new water purification method using magnetic nanoparticles coated with an ionic liquid, effectively removing organic, inorganic, and microbial contaminants. The nanoparticles can be easily removed with magnets, making them a promising starting point for decentralized water purification systems.
LabSchoolsEurope aims to develop and evaluate methods for dealing with heterogeneity in primary schools, promoting democratic behavior and preventing racism. The project will create multi-lingual practice guidelines, teaching materials, and successfully tested sequences that can be made available online.
Research by Olga Miroshnichenko found that household income and spirituality are linked, with mortgagers who prioritize morality tend to repay loans before maturity. The study analyzed data from the Russian bank sector between 2008-2018, concluding that economic growth and moral values influence mortgage behavior.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found a new mechanism that renders the MYC gene overactive in cancer cells. The MYC gene is normally controlled by environmental cues and cell architecture, leading to uncontrolled growth.
Researchers in Kazakhstan create a composite material using local loam and industrial waste to build road foundations, showing high water and frost resistance. The new material could prolong road life span by two times and be used for various building materials, reducing environmental pollution.
This volume of Inter Faculty Journal examines the phenomena of migration, the complexity of Serbian and Croatian languages, and noun-concluding sentences in Japanese. The research highlights common threads among these studies, including socio-economic factors, governance, and cultural values.
Researchers from NUS have developed a new way of switching magnetization at room temperature using 'spin waves', which could lead to more energy-efficient chips. This approach avoids moving charges, resulting in less Joule heat and power dissipation.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that nuclear stress bodies help cells recover from stress by regulating intron retention, a process essential for gene expression. The discovery sheds light on the mysterious organelles' role in stress response and has implications for understanding various biological functions.
Researchers at Oxford University Press USA argue that Queen Elizabeth I wrote a manuscript translation of Tacitus's Annales, based on unique handwriting styles and paper features. The study provides the first substantial work by Elizabeth I in over a century and sheds light on the politics and culture of the Elizabethan court.
LMU researchers found that a central component of the innate immune response is activated by two short RNAs generated by site-specific cleavage of a precursor RNA molecule, mediated by the same enzyme RNase T2. The activation of one receptor, TLR8, is triggered by binding of these degradation products.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have developed a battery-free device called Tip-Tap that allows users to navigate computers using only their fingertips. The device uses radio frequency identification tags and can be integrated into gloves or attached directly to the skin as a temporary tattoo.
Researchers employ neural networks to predict molecular bond energies, reducing computational cost and improving accuracy. The combination of AI and quantum chemistry calculations provides an efficient tool for quickly predicting molecular bond energies in complex systems.
Persistent concussion symptoms in children may be a sign of reduced brain function and decreased grey matter, according to researchers at the University of Queensland. The study found that poor sleep was linked to decreases in brain grey matter and reduced brain function, allowing for predictions of recovery outcomes with 86% accuracy.
A new study has found that mussels, introduced to Australia's coastlines, have established themselves and may pose a threat to native species due to genetic pollution. However, the research also suggests that the invasive mussels may bring benefits, such as enhanced tolerance to warm conditions, which could safeguard Australian mussel ...
A study by the European Society of Cardiology found that most patients do not understand or recall information given to them before heart procedures. Patients often believe that opening blocked arteries can cure their heart disease, despite this being a misconception.
Researchers at Harvard University have achieved the coldest chemical reaction in history, slowing down molecules to capture the critical act of bond formation. By utilizing ultracold temperatures, they observed the intermediate stage of the reaction for microseconds, enabling direct measurement and validation of theories.
Researchers at TU Dresden compared bovine sperm from different layers, identifying connections between metabolic rate, motility, and tail length. The study found that faster sperm show higher metabolic rates and longer flagella than non-selected cells.
MIT researchers have devised a novel circuit design that enables precise control of computing with magnetic waves, without any extra components or electrical current. This approach leverages the spin wave property in magnetic materials to produce measurable output that can be correlated to computation.
A rat study found that older mothers' male offspring are more likely to develop heart problems due to changes in placental development and function. The placenta plays a crucial role in supporting fetal growth, but older mothers' placentas show detrimental effects on male fetuses.
Scientists from Skoltech ADASE lab have developed a method to enhance depth map resolution, enabling more realistic virtual reality and computer graphics. The new approach leverages human perception to assess reconstruction quality, outperforming existing methods in visual quality.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute have developed a high-throughput synthetic biology approach to improve AAV capsid proteins, revealing hidden features and potential new accessory proteins that could help fast-track future gene therapies. The study uses machine-guided design to generate large numbers of high-quality capsid variants.
An international team of scientists found that adopting the Paris Agreement's emission reduction scenario would significantly limit global productivity losses for both fishing and agriculture. In contrast, a no-action scenario would lead to significant declines in productivity for most countries.
Researchers used existing underwater fiber optic cables to create an array of seismic sensors, mapping a previously unknown fault system off California's coast. The technique, known as Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), allows for unprecedented detail in monitoring seafloor seismic activity and potential offshore resources.
A review of randomized controlled trials found that pharmacist-led interventions, such as medication review and patient education, can help prevent cardiovascular disease. Patients who received these interventions experienced significant reductions in systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and LDL-cholesterol levels.
A new project by University of Limerick aims to deliver more effective brachytherapy cancer treatment through advanced real-time radiation dose imaging and source localisation. The Origin project has the potential to reduce treatment errors in prostate and gynaecological cancers by up to 55%.
A new report recommends that researchers use expert reviews and computational Big Data approaches to select high-quality chemical probes. The report highlights the value of resources like the Chemical Probes Portal, which provides assessments on 192 chemical probes for 181 different proteins of interest.
A new study reveals an unusual diversity gradient in the Amazon Basin, with higher species richness in the western portion than expected. The research, led by scientists from France and Brazil, analyzed data from 97 subdrainage basins along the main stem of the Amazon and its tributaries.
A new policy brief highlights the risks of an uneven low-carbon energy transition and provides concrete proposals to prevent such risks. The authors recommend focusing on 'just transitions', accelerating technology transfer initiatives, and coordinating financial flows for energy transitions in developing countries.
Researchers developed a new process using biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles to fabricate self-cleaning antireflective glass surfaces. The eco-friendly approach eliminates microplastic waste, a significant environmental concern.
A new study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology found that pharmacist-led interventions can significantly reduce medical risk factors for cardiovascular events. Pharmacist-led interventions included patient education, medication review, and lifestyle modification, resulting in reductions in systolic blood pressure...
Scientists found Plasmodium PAGRI02, a parasite from Africa, in 5% of European house sparrows. The study, published in Parasites & Vectors, highlights the impact of global environmental changes on wildlife transmission.
A study found that biomass burning in Amazonia can enhance tropical glaciers in the Andes, with aerosols like black carbon increasing melting by 3-4% or 6%. The impact depends on dust content in snow, highlighting climate pressure from global food demand
Experts argue that cyber risk requires collaboration across behavioral science, data science, economics, law, management science, and political science. A unified concept model identifies core questions to understand cyber risk and how each field can contribute to its efforts.
Growing nanoscale polymer brushes on materials' surfaces enables the creation of diverse array of materials with tailored chemical properties. The approach allows for precise control over surface density, length and chemistry, enabling various catalysis and antibacterial applications.
Soil nitrogen levels drive plant growth for food production and ecosystem health. The global field study provides a more detailed baseline of worldwide nitrogen levels, improving understanding of natural cycles and the effects of over-fertilization.
The study investigates the defect dynamics in ceria nanowires under heating using in situ aberration-corrected TEM. The findings show that defects grow into regular rhombic or hexagon shapes at high temperatures, introducing more reactive sites and maintaining the cubic fluorite structure.
A novel elastocaloric cooling material made from nickel-titanium alloy was developed using additive technology, showing high efficiency, ease of scaling-up, and minimal environmental impact. The material demonstrated robust mechanical integrity, withstanding one million cycles without degradation.
A new home urine test has shown to accurately diagnose aggressive prostate cancer and predict treatment needs up to five years earlier than standard clinical methods. The 'PUR' test looks at gene expression in urine samples and provides vital information about tumor aggressiveness.
Women account for one-third of new HIV diagnoses in the Region, with 54% of cases among them being diagnosed late. Early diagnosis is crucial to start treatment and reduce transmission risk, but current systems are failing women and older adults, according to health experts.
Researchers found that Tinder users had limited success in achieving one-night stands, with most gains coming from traditional dating methods. The study suggests that using Tinder does not lead to an increase in short-term sexual relationships.
A new study from iPSYCH found that one in five people with depression have suicidal thoughts despite treatment with antidepressants. The researchers suggest that more intensive treatment could lead to better responses in patients who don't respond to medication within the first few weeks.
A new study has found that babies in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are exposed to harmful chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) and parabens. These endocrine-disrupting compounds can lead to various health problems, including dysfunctions in children and adults.