A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that gender-affirming surgery significantly reduces mental health treatment use among transgender individuals with gender incongruence. The study, which analyzed over 2,500 individuals, showed a 8% reduction in mental health treatment odds for every year since receiving ...
University of Minnesota Medical School researchers have made a breakthrough in combating glioblastoma, the most common form of adult brain cancer. By combining ultrasound with engineered glass particles, they were able to create a 'Goldilocks' balance that awakens the body's immune response and boosts the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
A new study by MIT neuroscientists pinpointed the earliest emergence of amyloid protein plaques in the human brain, finding they correlate strongly with disease progression. The research uses a mouse model to track plaque development and shows that these regions eventually spread throughout the brain.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities remained unchanged at 31.4 percent in September 2019, while the labor force participation rate decreased by 1.2 percentage points. Financial instability is a significant issue for people with disabilities, with many struggling to make ends meet.
The NIH has awarded $31 million in grants to support consortia studying rare diseases, with a focus on clinical research and collaboration. The funding aims to develop improved approaches for diagnosis and treatment, ultimately moving potential treatments closer to the clinic.
Researchers are expanding brain organoid research, raising concerns about the potential for consciousness in host animals. The authors propose an ethical framework grounded in scientific principles to address these issues and ensure responsible use of this technology.
Scientists have created an accurate 3D model of an intrinsically disordered protein using supercomputing and neutron scattering experiments. The ensemble of its atomic-level structures reveals new information about its biological function, including transient ordered structures.
MIT researchers are developing a multicellular integrated chip platform to model the complexity of Alzheimer's disease. They will integrate blood vessels and key cell types, including neurons, immune cells, and oligodendrocytes, to provide a powerful testbed for personalized research.
Researchers at Kazan University's In-Situ Combustion Lab have studied the combustion behavior of aromatic compounds and their impact on heavy oil extraction. The study found that certain aromatic compounds can promote high-temperature oxidation and inhibit low-temperature oxidation, leading to more efficient extraction methods.
Researchers at George Washington University will establish a rare disease network for myasthenia gravis, focusing on basic and clinical investigators, patient advocacy groups, and biotechnology companies. The network aims to develop new therapies and increase awareness of the unique needs of myasthenia gravis patients.
Neuroscientist Hagoort challenges the classical view that language is confined to two major areas in the left half of the brain, instead proposing a multi-brain-network view that incorporates multiple regions and operations, including those shared with other cognitive domains like music and arithmetic.
A European study found significant variations in vaginal birth after C-section (VBAC) rates among six European countries, with Finland, Netherlands, and Sweden having high VBAC rates. In contrast, Ireland, Italy, and Germany have low VBAC rates due to a heterogeneous pro-against-VBAC culture.
A new interdisciplinary study points to overexposure to pesticides as a likely cause for neurological symptoms among Canadian diplomats residing in Havana, Cuba in 2016. The research used advanced brain imaging tools and found changes in the brain that occurred during time in Havana.
A recent study published in The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery found that human skull dimensions follow the Golden Ratio. However, less related species such as dogs and monkeys diverged from this ratio, suggesting unique evolutionary patterns.
A deadly neurological disease that affects infant boys has been linked to increased sensitivity to iron in the brain. A new study has identified a potential treatment, which enhances the survival of cells involved in the disorder.
Tropical Storm Mitag is undergoing extratropical transition, losing its tropical characteristics and becoming a larger system with increasing wind field size. The storm had maximum sustained winds near 40 knots (46 mph/74 kph) as it moved east-northeast towards landfall over northern Honshu, Japan.
Researchers found that overweight individuals had the lowest mortality risk among those with established heart failure, contrary to previous expectations. The 'obesity paradox' suggests that obese patients may tolerate disease-modifying and prognostic medications better than non-obese patients.
New research from Cornell University reveals that plants communicate with each other using airborne chemicals when under attack from pests. This phenomenon, known as open-channel communication, allows neighboring plants to pick up on warning signals and prepare for the perceived threat.
A pioneering study published in The Lancet Neurology presents a four-limb robotic system controlled by brain signals that enabled a tetraplegic man to move his arms and walk. The system, operated by recording and decoding brain signals, showed promising early results but requires further improvements before clinical application.
A Johns Hopkins-led study of thousands of children with congenital heart disease found that cardiac surgery within 10 years of birth increases the risk of death and kidney failure. Children who had more complex surgeries were at higher risk for these outcomes.
The study presents the first genome sequence of the Florida panther, revealing increased genetic variation in the population. Genetic rescue efforts led to a tripling of genetic diversity in two offspring, alleviating genetic defect threats and promoting population growth from 20-30 to 120-230 individuals.
Researchers found special sensory cells in the gums that detect irritants and bacteria, triggering an immune response to control oral microbiome. The discovery could lead to personalized dental treatments against gum disease.
A new study by UC San Francisco researchers reveals that two distinct types of slow brain waves, slow oscillations and delta waves, compete to determine whether new information is consolidated or forgotten. Disrupting one type of wave enhances memory retention, while disrupting the other leads to forgetting.
Researchers developed a method to characterize brain states and simulate brain activity, enabling prediction of stimulation effects on brain state transitions. The study found that systematic external stimulation can awaken the brain in sleep states and may enhance recovery from psychiatric diseases.
A team of researchers led by Brown University will develop and test an 'intelligent spinal interface' to help restore limb movement and bladder control for people with spinal cord injuries. The device aims to record signals from above the injury site and use them to drive electrical stimulation below the lesion.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers found a strong link between short-term exposure to air pollution and aggressive behavior, including aggravated assaults and other violent crimes across the continental United States. The results showed a 1.4% increase in violent crimes for every 10 microgram-per-cubic-meter increase ...
A phase 1b/2 clinical trial found that adding cisplatin to a standard-of-care regimen resulted in 71% tumor shrinkage and increased survival beyond one year. The treatment showed encouraging results, with 64% of patients alive after one year and 40% alive after two years.
A new habitat-modeling study reveals large swaths of US and Europe are likely to be vulnerable to the invasive spotted lanternfly if it continues to spread. Suitable habitat for the tree and fruit pest was found in most New England and mid-Atlantic states, as well as parts of central US and Pacific Northwest globally.
A new study found that a virtual reality platform can facilitate interprofessional education in palliative care, improving student attitudes towards other healthcare professionals. Students reported increased empathy and interest in continuing IPE training after the experience.
A previously unknown species of pterosaur was discovered in Australia, with characteristics suggesting it may be a late-surviving member of the Anhanguera genus. The fossil, which includes parts of the skull and five vertebrae, is considered the most complete pterosaur specimen ever found in Australia.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital have discovered the near-atomic-resolution structure of DNA polymerase delta, a crucial enzyme in genome replication. The team also mapped mutations associated with cancers and other diseases.
A recent study found that African-American preterm births are associated with chronic inflammation of the placenta and underdeveloped vessels, leading to poor growth and increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments. These abnormalities suggest that the fetus was not receiving enough oxygen and nutrients from the placenta.
A recent study by Hebrew University researchers found that bumble bee workers sleep less while caring for young, even when not their own offspring. This suggests a mechanism allowing them to reduce sleep without a cost to health or cognitive performance.
A new study published in Educational Psychology found that rewarding teamwork improves primary children's spelling scores. The study revealed that students of all abilities who competed in groups achieved higher scores compared to individualistic approaches.
Researchers have developed a new quantitative measure of phenological status called the 'phenological index' to improve scoring of developmental stage in herbarium specimens. This approach allows for more accurate predictions of ecosystem responses to climate change.
Researchers at TAU and Ichilov Hospital developed a new antibiotic treatment that significantly reduces intestinal polyp numbers and improves quality of life for FAP patients. The innovative therapy, which targets 'nonsense mutations' in the APC gene, showed promising results in a clinical trial.
Researchers detected individual filaments of intergalactic gas in a newly forming cluster, providing insight into the Universe's evolution and galaxy formation. The analysis found that these filaments are arranged like long threads, extending over one million parsecs, and fueling star formation and super massive black hole growth.
Researchers sequenced the genomes of two Varroa mite species that parasitize honey bees, finding distinct strategies for survival and evolution. The study sheds light on how parasites and hosts co-evolve, potentially revealing new approaches to combat colony collapse.
The study found that at least 5,579 animals are currently being traded globally, with impacts tend to be higher among certain groups and in threatened species. The researchers predict that up to 8,775 species could soon be at risk of extinction due to future commodification.
A new study reveals that bumble bee workers tending to pupae sleep significantly less than other bees, even when the offspring are not their own. This finding suggests that substances produced by the pupae may drive the reduction in sleep.
Maps identifying suitable areas for the spotted lanternfly's establishment in the US and world have been published by Agricultural Research Service scientists. The insect has already spread to several countries and is predicted to become established in most of New England, mid-Atlantic states, and Pacific coastal states.
A Baylor University researcher's prototype smartphone app, CRADLE, detects early signs of various eye diseases in children by searching for abnormal reflections from the retina. The app surpassed the 'gold standard' of sensitivity and detected leukocoria with 80% accuracy.
Researchers at UC Davis aim to deliver CRISPR genome editing machinery to gut cells to fix genes responsible for a rare form of familial cancer. They will use an engineered, non-infectious hepatitis E virus to orally deliver CRISPR into cells in the gastrointestinal tract of mice.
A study found that prescription opioids are associated with a higher risk of death and hospitalization compared to other pain medications, especially at high doses. The risk is highest among individuals with lower kidney function, who may experience reduced clearance of the active compounds from their bodies.
A new clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of whole-body cooling in comatose patients after a cardiac arrest, with a focus on optimal cooling duration. The study aims to improve neurological recovery rates and full recovery in cardiac arrest survivors.
New insights into the influenza virus polymerase have revealed that its subunits co-evolve to guarantee proper levels of dimerization and optimal inter-subunit cooperation. This finding has significant implications for the development of novel antiviral drugs targeting viral RNA replication.
A recent NIH-funded study reveals that children born to mothers with high blood lead levels are more likely to be overweight or obese. Folate intake after giving birth may help reduce this risk. The study analyzed data from the Boston Birth Cohort and found a significant association between maternal lead exposure and childhood obesity.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have introduced a new method for evaporation cooling using semiconductor quantum wells, reducing waste heat in portable electronics. Devices with this technology may be integrated into smart devices to prevent overheating issues.
Researchers found that multigene testing for all patients with breast cancer can be a cost-effective approach, reducing healthcare costs and improving patient outcomes. The study compared the cost-effectiveness of multigene testing to selective testing based on family history or clinical criteria.
A team of engineers at Purdue University conducted a study using thousands of sensors in an office building to identify indoor air contaminants. They found that people and ventilation systems greatly impact the chemistry of indoor air, with volatile organic compounds lingering even after occupants leave.
Researchers discovered that Shiga toxin subtype 2a enhances E. coli O157 colonization and facilitates effective cattle-to-cattle transmission. This finding highlights the importance of understanding Shiga toxin activity and its role in animal reservoirs to reduce human health threats.
Researchers found that rapidly cooled copper-based shape memory alloys performed better than slowly cooled samples due to the formation of nickel-rich dots. This discovery could lead to more energy-efficient HVAC and refrigeration systems using heat pumping technology.
Researchers have observed the molecular level workings of a protein associated with many health problems, including P2X7 receptor. The discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions like inflammation, coronary artery disease, cancer, and multiple sclerosis.
Researchers develop novel therapies to reverse or prevent myelin loss in PMD patients, identifying iron toxicity as a key factor and discovering a potential treatment using an FDA-approved agent. Clinical trials are planned to test the effectiveness of this treatment in slowing or halting disease progression.
Researchers at the Hubrecht Institute have created a new method called GateID that allows for the purification of cell types to high purity without using antibodies or genetic reporters. This enables the detailed study of individual cell types, such as stem cells and tumor cells, which are crucial for understanding their properties and...
Adults with tooth loss due to nontraumatic events are more prone to heart attacks and strokes. Researchers analyzed 316,588 US participants aged 40-79, finding a significant association between oral health and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers from Tokyo Tech and Kanazawa University develop an eco-friendly device using solar cells to catalyze electrochemical oxidation reactions. The device, which uses organic materials, achieves high efficiency by directly utilizing photogenerated holes in chemical reactions.
Researchers at UNH found a significant decline in frost days and ice days in northern forests across the US and Canada. This change could have serious implications for ecosystems, water supplies, economies, tourism, and human health. Cold temperatures help prevent disease spread and manage insects detrimental to trees.
Researchers found that social media influencers are creating a new ideal of the 'housewife' as an entrepreneur and consumer, showcasing their glamorous lifestyle on platforms like YouTube and Instagram. This new image challenges traditional notions of femininity and highlights the tension between private and public lives.
NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Post-tropical Cyclone Lorenzo as it neared Ireland on Oct. 3, showing frontal features and cloud-filled center of circulation west of Ireland. Met Eireann has issued rainfall and wind warnings for Ireland due to the storm's heavy rains and high winds.