A new study by St. Michael's Hospital found female surgeons performed fewer high-paying procedures and earned 24% less per hour, challenging the notion that a fee-for-service system closes the earnings gap between men and women.
Researchers have discovered that the galaxy Andromeda has eaten several smaller galaxies over the last few billion years, leaving behind remnants in large streams of stars. The study found faint traces of even earlier consumed galaxies, possibly dating back to 10 billion years ago.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a molecular process controlling nerve growth, which could inform therapies accelerating peripheral nerve recovery. The study shows that manipulating this process can increase nerve regeneration rate by 15% in mice.
Researchers explored methods of organization, innovation, and academic peculiarities in Russian universities. They highlighted the importance of studying non-Western practices and filling knowledge gaps on Russian academic research history.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that sleeping less than six hours per day can significantly increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Middle-aged adults with high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, or heart disease are particularly at risk, according to researchers.
A neuroprosthesis mimics sensory feedback by stimulating nerves in the remaining limb, improving mobility, agility, and preventing falls. The device enabled patients to perform complex tasks with greater ease and a reduced mental burden.
Researchers analyzed 34 ancient genomes from the Black Death and succeeding plague epidemics in Europe to understand the genetic history of Yersinia pestis. The study found a single strain ancestral to all second pandemic strains, with lower genomic diversity during the initial outbreak.
A team of researchers led by Penn State's Ming Xiao is studying the effects of permafrost degradation on Alaskan communities and the world. The project aims to understand how ground changes, infrastructure, and social systems interact as temperatures rise.
A Rutgers University co-authored study finds that a nuclear war between India and Pakistan could result in over 100 million immediate deaths and global mass starvation. The conflict could also lead to a significant decline in sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, causing regional cooling and reduced precipitation.
A recent Finnish study found that more active and fit children have better cardiac regulation than less active peers. Higher sedentary time and lower levels of aerobic fitness were associated with poorer heart function in both boys and girls.
A novel light waveform approach can solve two major challenges in microresonator development, enabling compact frequency combs that can be used in medical tests and other applications. This technology has the potential to greatly expand the range of applications for frequency combs.
Research reveals distinct growth trajectories for amygdala and hippocampus between males and females, shedding light on sex-based differences in mental health disorders. The study suggests that these differences may contribute to the varying risk profiles of males and females during adolescence.
Research reveals that coniferous forests struggle to recover after wildfires due to limited seed availability, particularly near severe burn zones. Warm and dry conditions further impede new tree seedling establishment. Land managers are advised to concentrate reforestation efforts in cool, wet areas.
Researchers at Mainz University explore fundamental aspects of artificial intelligence using machine learning techniques and interdisciplinary approaches combining physics, biology, and materials sciences. The goal is to understand why modern systems are successful and develop better machine learning methods.
Researchers at UC Riverside are developing a novel small molecule that selectively targets the PCNA protein in breast cancer cells. The project aims to create a new series of AOH1160-like molecules to improve the clinical management of breast cancer patients, while sparing non-cancerous cells.
A new study suggests that evocative labels emphasizing taste and positive experience can help people choose and consume more vegetables. Researchers found that diners put vegetables on their plates 29% more often when the food had taste-focused names, and ate 39% more vegetables by weight.
Scientists have developed a new way to extract topological information from quantum materials using ultra-fast laser light, which can distinguish between trivial and topological insulators in a millionth of a billionth of a second. This method could lead to the development of optically-controlled electronics that process information te...
Scientists from Hiroshima University and Indian Institute of Technology Bombay have found a way to determine the state of a quantum system by analyzing data from outside the system. By carefully reading the quantum data, they can restore the initial superposition of possible outcomes.
New research reveals that maternal exposure to industrial pollution can harm offspring's immune system and pass on the weakness to subsequent generations. The study, conducted in mice, suggests that this multigenerational weakening of the immune system could explain variations in responses to flu infection.
A new study suggests that aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may protect the lungs from short-term spikes in air pollution. The researchers found that nearly half of the negative impact of particulate matter on lung function was reduced with NSAID use.
An observational study of 1,442 mother-child pairs found associations between maternal lead blood levels and intergenerational risk of childhood overweight/obesity. Adequate folate levels in mothers were also shown to mitigate this risk, suggesting a potential protective effect.
A study analyzing prescribing data from over 8,000 English general practitioners reveals substantial variation in the adoption of new prescribing guidance, with some practices changing much later than others. This variation can lead to avoidable health service costs and poorer patient care.
A new study of 45 meta-analyses found that antidepressants are not associated with strong adverse health outcomes, and most reported effects were likely due to underlying psychiatric conditions. The study suggests that antidepressants are generally safe but cautionary measures should still be taken during treatment
Researchers found that Manchester-based indie music fans define their musical tastes around specific places like cafes, live music venues, and neighbourhoods. The study highlights the importance of experience in shaping musical tastes and suggests that where people live plays a significant role in forming associations with certain genres.
A new study found that coral defenses are compromised by warming, but reef conservation and certain fish species, like the Acropora millepora, can enhance them. The research used potions from protected and heavily fished reefs to test their effectiveness against a pathogen.
New study reveals earliest microliths in South Asia and any rainforest environment worldwide, alongside tree-dwelling monkeys and tropical plants. The toolkits date back to 48,000-45,000 years ago and suggest the ecological flexibility of early Homo sapiens.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered that engineered T cells can target and kill solid tumor cells coated in specific antibodies. This breakthrough in immunotherapy shows promise for treating various types of cancer, offering a more targeted approach than traditional chemotherapy.
A new fossil stingray, Lessiniabatis aenigmatica, has been discovered with an exceptional anatomy that differs from living species. The find provides insights into the evolution of these animals and their recovery in marine ecosystems after the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.
Researchers found that male and female flour beetles have evolved mechanisms to quickly adapt their sperm and eggs to warmer temperatures, resulting in improved reproductive performance. This adaptation enables species to better withstand the challenges of climate change.
Researchers at Duke University use machine learning to model complex biological circuits, achieving speeds of hours instead of years or months. By training a deep neural network on large datasets, they uncover patterns and interactions between variables that were previously impossible to discover.
Researchers found that genetic diversity makes a striking comeback in the host population after resistance evolution, thanks to an interplay between selection and population growth. The study's findings suggest that eco-evolutionary feedback plays a key role in shaping molecular evolution during species interactions.
New research warns Canadians against taking daily aspirin for primary prevention due to increased risk of major internal bleeding and potential increase in cancer deaths. Experts recommend alternative preventive measures such as smoking cessation, exercise, blood pressure tracking, and considering the Mediterranean diet.
Despite advances in communication and travel, international collaborations in science are threatened by political and economic realities. Current tensions between the US and China exemplify these hurdles, with concerns about foreign nations exploiting and undermining US research activities.
Scientists have successfully merged three amputees with their bionic legs, allowing them to walk instinctively without mental effort. The new technology uses sensory feedback to deliver information wirelessly to the nervous system, reducing mental burden and improving performance.
A new study by University at Buffalo found that sexual minority women are more likely to smoke cigarettes when drinking alcohol compared to heterosexual women. Reciprocal patterns between alcohol and tobacco use were strongest among bisexual women, according to the research.
The new technology uses machine learning to analyze sound and vibration responses from a smartphone's built-in sensors. It achieved high accuracy in identifying everyday objects in various environments, paving the way for innovative object interaction applications.
Researchers at Ohio State University have made a discovery that could provide new insights into how superconductors might move energy more efficiently. They found that graphene can become a superconductor when twisted to an angle of around 0.9 degrees, which is less than previously thought.
New research from Rice University found that helping pregnant women at work can ultimately make them feel worse about themselves and their workplace abilities. The study surveyed 105 women on a weekly basis during their pregnancies and for nine months postpartum, revealing a long-lasting negative impact of subtle sexist behaviors.
An interdisciplinary team from Northwestern University has developed a non-invasive imaging platform to study coral nanoscale structures and quantify pigment absorption in live corals. This tool could help researchers develop strategies to prevent coral reef death due to climate change.
A clinical trial found that isoniazid preventive therapy during pregnancy increases the risk of poor health outcomes and death for fetuses and newborns. In contrast, deferring treatment until after delivery was safer, with no significant difference in risks.
The University of Delaware will lead the development of a world-class neutron spin echo spectrometer, allowing scientists to detect molecular motion in various materials. The instrument will advance research in engineering, soft matter, and biological sciences, benefiting humanity through new medicines and technologies.
A recent study found that coral bleaching in the Indo-Pacific is driven by a variety of stressors, with each region responding differently to excess heat. The research suggests that coral responses to global climate change are changing, requiring management and policies to be aligned with location and type of stresses.
A study found that young adults experiencing annual income drops of 25% or more may be at risk of having thinking problems and reduced brain health in middle age. Participants with two or more income drops performed worse on cognitive tests, scoring 3.74 points lower than those with no income drops.
Researchers create metal that is 42 percent stronger than previous record while maintaining electrical conductivity. The team's discovery combines nanocrystalline and nanotwinned structures to overcome traditional trade-offs between strength and conductivity.
A study of 3,275 surgeons found female surgeons earned less per hour and were less likely to perform lucrative procedures. The study also identified significant earnings differences between specialties, with women earning up to $60/hour less than men in cardiothoracic surgery.
A study in mice showed that reducing a particular hormone signal can prevent the growth and spread of Ewing sarcoma, a bone cancer mainly found in teenagers. The findings suggest a potential treatment approach using existing drugs to neutralize glucocorticoid receptors.
Regional seismic networks in North America contribute to nuclear test monitoring, particularly for low-yield explosions. These networks can detect and locate small seismic events that are difficult for global systems to identify.
Tropical Storm Mitag was dropping heavy rainfall along South Korea's coastal areas, with light rain falling over the rest of the country. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission found heaviest rain in scattered areas over eastern and southern coasts.
A new study suggests that thinking of sadness as a person can help people regulate their emotions and make better purchasing decisions. Participants who wrote about sadness as a separate entity reported lower levels of sadness and made healthier choices, such as selecting a salad over cheesecake.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a neuroprosthetic system that allows leg amputees to feel sensations from the prosthesis, giving them a sense of control and confidence while walking. The system involves tiny electrodes implanted in the nerve, allowing the brain to perceive the prosthesis as an extension of the body.
A new study shows that a reduced diversity of gut bacteria is associated with an increased risk of radiotherapy-induced gut damage. Patients at higher risk can be identified before radiotherapy, potentially benefiting from faecal transplants or altered radiation doses.
A new review highlights the role of advanced methods in understanding megafaunal extinctions, which occurred during dramatic climatic change and human dispersal. The study emphasizes the importance of combining different approaches to gain detailed insights into climate change, extinction chronologies, and species responses.
Researchers discovered that bleach fumes combined with light and limonene from household products can form airborne particles harmful to pets and humans. These particles, known as secondary organic aerosols, have been linked to respiratory issues and other health effects.
A University of South Florida researcher is studying whether a home-based exercise program can decrease the severity of nerve and muscle symptoms from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer survivors. The study aims to provide an evidence-based intervention for patients suffering from persistent neuropathy.
Researchers found high rates of overall survival and kidney graft survival in recipients living with HIV who received kidney transplants from deceased donors with HIV. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed that outcomes were comparable to those in a previous US study using kidneys from donors without HIV.
A team of researchers is working on understanding the agility of hummingbirds to develop robotic systems that can mimic their complex escape maneuvers. By studying the aerodynamics, perception, motion planning, and control of hummingbird flight, the team hopes to create robots that can achieve high agility in fluid environments.
Lorenzo has transitioned to an extra-tropical cyclone, bringing hurricane-force winds and heavy rainfall to Ireland and the United Kingdom. The GPM core satellite detected heavy rainfall north of the center, with rates reaching over 1 inch per hour.
Researchers at LSU Health New Orleans found that asthma status reversed the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and obesity in African American adolescent females. The study analyzed data from 129 participants and found that those with asthma were less likely to be obese compared to those without asthma.
The University of Pittsburgh researcher is using biofilms and electrodes to remove BPA from water, a common contaminant found in plastics. The project aims to create an effective method for degrading BPA, which has been linked to fertility problems and other health issues.
A recent study reveals that nearly half of routes analyzed exceeded an individual's annual mobility carbon budget, with direct routes generally producing lower emissions. The researchers suggest selecting nonstop routes whenever possible to mitigate carbon footprint.