A team of researchers analyzed data on large nearshore waves to provide insights that could help design coastal structures better withstand destructive waves. The study found that the extreme waves in shallow waters tend to be smaller than rogue waves in deep water but have similar characteristics.
A study at the University of Vermont Medical Center found significant reductions in opioid prescribing and use after implementing state-mandated regulations, but no negative impact on pain management. The regulations included educating patients about non-opioid analgesia and safe disposal of unused opioids.
A national survey of physicians found that 99% have experienced care cascades, causing patients psychological harm, physical harm, and financial burden. Physicians report waste of time and effort due to cascades, emphasizing the need for guidelines and patient education.
Research from the Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute found that high levels of environmental noise increase ischaemic stroke severity, while exposure to green spaces reduces the risk. The study analyzed nearly 3,000 patients and showed a 30% higher risk for those living in noisier areas.
Scientists at EPFL have engineered aerolysin, a bacterium-produced toxin, to form narrow pores that can sense biomolecules with high resolution. This discovery opens new opportunities for sequencing biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, and could lead to breakthroughs in gene sequencing and diagnostics.
A new study compares two surgical approaches to endoscopic thyroid removal, finding no significant differences in outcomes between the oral vestibular approach and the breast approach. Both methods are safe and effective, with the oral vestibular approach offering a better cosmetic result due to its scarless nature.
Professor Fatima Cardoso will receive the award for her foresight in understanding advanced breast cancer and launching the ABC Global Alliance. The alliance, now an independent organization, aims to improve lives of patients worldwide through awareness and advocacy.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found that parents can effectively teach daily living skills to teens with autism using iPads. The study showed that video prompting interventions led to significant improvements in skill deficits, even when parents used varying methods of consequence strategies.
Brown University researchers are testing neighborhood-based intervention strategies and fentanyl test strips to combat the opioid epidemic. The PROVIDENT project aims to predict which neighborhoods are most at risk for opioid overdoses and deliver targeted interventions. Meanwhile, the RAPIDS project evaluates the effectiveness of fent...
Kathy Benison, a WVU geologist, has been chosen as part of the Return Sample Selection Participating Scientist team for NASA's Mars 2020 expedition. She will help select promising rocks and sediments for the rover to cache or study on Mars.
A team from the University of Rochester found that non-monogamous relationships succeed when all parties are comfortable with each other. Monogamous and consensual non-monogamous groups reported high levels of functioning in their relationships, while partially open and one-sided non-monogamous groups showed lower levels of functioning.
The University of Texas at Arlington's nursing professors Kathryn Daniel and Patti Parker are honored with the Distinguished Educator in Gerontological Nursing Award. The award recognizes their efforts to train the next generation of gerontology professionals.
A study found that youth with psychosis spectrum disorders exhibit surface area reductions in key brain regions, including orbitofrontal, cingulate, precentral, and postcentral areas. These changes are not seen in typically developing youth or those with bipolar spectrum disorders.
A comprehensive register-based study from Aarhus University in Denmark found that the use of antidepressants by pregnant women decreased significantly by 33% between 2011 and 2023. This decline was mainly driven by a decrease in prescribing serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and citalopram, which is commonly used in Denmark.
A pilot study found that medical scribes increased the number of patients seen per day from 10 to 16 and improved resident interactions. Resident involvement in patient visits rose to 45% with scribe assistance.
Researchers at King's College London have found that immunotherapy for peanut allergy reduces sensitivity to peanuts, providing some protection against accidental reactions. However, the treatment does not cure allergies and can actually increase allergic reactions in some patients, highlighting the need for continued research.
MIB2 promotes proteasomal degradation of CYLD, activating NF-κB signaling and enhancing inflammation. Mib2-knockout mice show reduced serum IL-6 and suppressed inflammatory responses.
A study found that text-based nudges from school counselors increased the likelihood of high school seniors completing financial aid applications and enrolling in college. The intervention, implemented in Texas in 2015, provided students with weekly messages from their school counselors, offering guidance and support.
Pitt researcher Dr. James McKone investigates using renewable electricity as energy source for industrial hydrogenation reactions, which are crucial for producing fuels and fertilizers.
Researchers have discovered a mechanism behind bacterial evolution of drug resistance, exploiting collateral sensitivity for novel and sustainable treatments. The study found that certain drugs can be used in combination to eliminate bacterial populations or prevent the emergence of multidrug resistance.
Leipzig researchers have initiated a global primate study project, ManyPrimes, to address fundamental evolutionary questions. The first study focused on short-term memory in primates, with almost 180 animals from 12 species participating across 11 research stations.
The Endocrine Society calls for evidence-based approaches to transgender healthcare, citing the risks of denying care. The organization's Clinical Practice Guideline recommends avoiding hormone therapy for transgender children prior to puberty.
A simple questionnaire and skin test can identify non-allergic reactions to penicillin, allowing patients to switch to safer and cheaper antibiotics. This could save the US millions of dollars annually and reduce antibiotic-resistant infections.
A Columbia professor has developed a machine-learning based detector that automatically detects and stops lateral phishing attacks within organizations. The detector uses features like anomaly detection in communication patterns to flag suspicious emails with high precision and low false positive rates.
Researchers propose a virtual speed bump to reduce the impact of arbitrage traders on stock markets. The tweak can improve liquidity and make prices reflect reality better. Several exchanges have shown interest in the approach.
Researchers developed an AI-based ozone forecasting system that can predict ozone levels with 85-90% accuracy. The model uses convolutional neural networks to analyze current conditions and forecast future ozone levels, improving health alerts for people at risk.
A new method uses deep neural networks to precisely guide animated characters by inferring various motions, such as sitting, picking up objects, and running. The technique achieves this in a user-friendly way with simple control commands.
Using information theory, researchers at UNIGE aim to understand how impaired cellular communication influences cancer development. They propose a new approach to oncology, focusing on restoring proper signaling pathway activity rather than shutting them down.
The study identifies three dimensions of meaning in the brain: language, reference to self or external source, and social constructs. The researchers used functional MRI scans to analyze neural activation patterns for individual abstract concepts across participants.
Tropical Cyclone Kyarr is a powerful storm with an organized eye, producing deep convection and strong thunderstorms. Forecasted to turn southwest and make landfall in Somalia, the cyclone's trajectory may be influenced by two large areas of high pressure.
A new study found that daily mean temperatures are associated with increased undernutrition hospitalization rates in Brazil. Heat exposure was estimated to be responsible for 15.6% of undernutrition hospitalization during the study period, with vulnerable populations showing the greatest impact.
Opioid overdose deaths in Connecticut more than doubled between 2012 and 2018, driven by increased use of multiple drugs. The study found that fentanyl-related deaths often involved at least one other drug, highlighting the need for new prevention and intervention strategies.
Researchers found an association between aspirin use and decreased intracranial aneurysm growth rate. Growth is crucial as it increases rupture risk. The study suggests that aspirin may exert a protective effect against aneurysm growth and future rupture, but findings are observational and require further interventional studies.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that companies that disclose their cybersecurity risk management efforts fare better than those that don't after a breach. By implementing voluntary reporting guidelines, companies can reduce the impact of the 'contagion effect' and increase investor attractiveness.
A new study from the University of Michigan and Dartmouth University found that US-born residents are significantly more likely to use prescription opioids than new immigrants. The study analyzed data from the national Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and found that US-born residents were more than five times as likely to use opioids a...
Researchers discovered that neutrophils can eliminate MRSA bacteria on human skin, preventing them from invading the body. This finding could help explain why some people are only transient carriers of MRSA.
Researchers from Tunghai University and Taiwan Ocean Research Institute used social media to investigate pygmy seahorse diversity in Taiwan. They identified five separate species, including two previously unreported ones, and discovered a hotspot for biodiversity.
Scientists have discovered how red algae adapted to extreme environments by losing genes, allowing them to thrive in diverse habitats. The study's findings may lead to the creation of genetically altered seaweeds and help control invasive seaweed pests.
Researchers found that fashion models and women from the general population shared similar body image concerns, with thighs and tummies being top areas of focus. The app Somatomap showed promise in helping doctors diagnose and treat eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorders.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends greater access to weight-loss surgery for children and adolescents with severe obesity. The ASMBS has endorsed the new policy, which aims to increase access to evidence-based treatments that reduce the burden of severe obesity-related diseases.
A machine-learned algorithm correctly triaged the vast majority of postoperative patients to the intensive care unit, achieving an 82% accuracy rate. The algorithm outperformed clinicians' judgment, with a significant reduction in over-triage rates and improved predictive rates.
A new study conducted at Hospital for Special Surgery found that race and poverty are not risk factors for total knee replacement revision or failure. Factors associated with a higher risk of revision included younger age, male sex, and use of constrained prosthesis.
Researchers found that switching to dry powder inhalers from metered-dose inhalers could reduce carbon emissions by 58 tonnes annually, while also cutting drug costs. This switch could save the equivalent of 150-400kg of CO2 annually per individual.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic identified distinct patterns of brain damage associated with different Alzheimer's subtypes and age of onset. These findings suggest that available therapies will be most effective for patients with the hippocampal-sparing subtype and young-onset form of the disease.
Researchers have discovered a complex storm system in Saturn's north polar atmosphere, with features suggesting they are caused by convection in deep water clouds. The storms were found to be long-lived and high-intensity, unlike those on Earth, and appear to have formed at a rate of one every 30-60 years.
Researchers at Linköping University have discovered a material that can increase and reduce its volume when exposed to weak electrical pulses. The new conducting polymer expands to 14 or 120 times its original volume, making it significantly larger than previously reported materials controlled by an electrical signal.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed fast-acting robots capable of re-creating bioinspired high-powered and high-speed motions using stored elastic energy. These robots, similar to the chameleon's tongue strike, can catch live insects in just 120 milliseconds.
Researchers found that women using hormonal contraception experienced reduced benefits from exposure therapy compared to those not taking oral contraceptives. Symptom severity decreased after therapy, but improved more for those without hormonal contraception.
Researchers at the University of Washington found GEDmatch vulnerable to multiple security risks, including extracting sensitive genetic markers and impersonating relatives with fake profiles.
Researchers at Pitt and CMU are developing an all-in-one implantable device that can record neural activity, identify cell type, and determine cell function through chemical stimulation. This innovation aims to provide more information on brain function and reduce invasive methods.
Researchers found that warmer air and stronger storm winds contribute to wetter storms. The study analyzed over 4,000 simulated storms under current and future climate conditions, revealing a significant increase in rainfall rates due to global warming.
Researchers at PPPL develop new mathematical tools to forecast wave presence in fusion experiments, providing new methods for maintaining plasma confinement. Meanwhile, scientists also find unexpected links between astrophysical processes and small-scale experiments, shedding light on magnetic reconnection.
Research by Queen's University Belfast found that grandiose narcissism can increase mental toughness, reducing symptoms of depression and perceived stress. This contradicts the traditional view of narcissism as a solely negative personality trait.
New research reveals that antibiotic-resistant bacteria carry dormant genes that can quickly become active, making them resistant to treatment. This study highlights the complexity of the fight against superbugs and the need for improved screening processes.
Researchers developed implantable scaffolds that attract and analyze cancer cells, providing unique information on disease progression. The technology has potential to improve early detection and monitoring of cancer treatments.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed a new material that can be used to produce cheaper infrared plastic lenses. The lenses, made from a sulfur-based polymer, are stronger and more temperature-resistant than previous versions and can be produced at lower temperatures, making them more affordable.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that emit different colors of light to trigger specific biological processes. They successfully controlled the beating rate in modified heart-muscle cells using red and green light, demonstrating a new level of control over biological processes.
The study highlights three new capabilities for engineers: understanding socio-economic contexts, optimizing resources, and navigating complex environments. Engineers of the 21st century must adapt to global challenges by considering their social and environmental responsibility.
A study by Binghamton University researchers found that early retirement can lead to accelerated cognitive decline among the elderly. The Chinese New Rural Pension Scheme was linked to decreased cognitive performance, particularly in females, and reduced social engagement and mental activities.
Research reveals that sanderlings migrating to West Africa have lower survival rates, arrive late at breeding grounds, and skip their first breeding season. The study suggests that the costs of longer migratory flights outweigh benefits in winter habitats.