A study by Northwestern University found that sleep-deprived individuals are more likely to choose high-energy dense foods due to an imbalance in brain regions receiving food signals. The researchers suggest that paying attention to our nose's influence on food choices may help alleviate unhealthy snacking habits.
Scientists are developing new electrically active materials to repair damaged heart tissue. These materials can conduct electricity, stimulate heart muscle growth, and potentially overcome scar tissue that interferes with healthy heart function.
A new study in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology shows that older individuals have the most to gain from rehabilitation programs and may benefit the most. Regular exercise improves physical capacity, anxiety, and depression in patients with cardiovascular disease, regardless of age.
The NYDOH AIDS Institute awarded a 5-year, $1 million grant to the Health Education Alternatives for Teens Program (HEAT) at SUNY Downstate to provide essential health services for transgender and gender non-conforming youth. The grant will nearly triple the program's capacity to serve over 100 patients annually.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have shown that Aliskiren, a FDA-approved drug, can delay the progression of congestive heart failure and lengthen survival rates in properly identified patients. The study used non-invasive technology to evaluate changes in muscle mass and fluid retention over time.
Research shows exposure to air pollutants like particulate matter is linked to decreased levels of proteins responsible for hair growth and retention. The study found that higher concentrations of PM10-like dust and diesel particulate led to greater decreases in these proteins.
A new analysis published in Annals of Oncology suggests that hormone therapy has a greater impact on women's quality of life compared to chemotherapy, especially in postmenopausal patients. This finding challenges current international guidelines recommending prolonged hormone therapy for 5-10 years.
Researchers found that differences at the single-cell level can predict responses to BRAF inhibitor therapy, and leveraging these differences may improve patient outcomes. Maintaining a population of cells within the drug-sensitive State 1 was critical to maintaining drug sensitivity.
Researchers found that tobacco hawkmoths use a specific receptor, IR8a, to detect the smell of larval frass and avoid competing conspecifics. This allows them to select better oviposition sites for their offspring, increasing their survival rates.
The University of Massachusetts Amherst has been selected as a CDC Influenza Forecasting Center of Excellence, receiving up to $3 million in funding to develop accurate flu forecasting models. The team will work closely with the CDC and collaborate with industry partners to improve public health response and communication.
A WVU-led study found an uptick in suicides and fatal drug overdoses among black and Hispanic individuals, as well as women. The research, published in Injury Prevention, suggests that self-injury mortality should be reported alongside detected suicides.
Carnegie Mellon University has been designated as a CDC flu forecasting center of excellence, receiving $3 million in funding to develop more accurate forecasting tools. The new center will also explore how to effectively communicate forecast information to the public and leaders.
Researchers from MLU Halle have created a patented concept for novel diodes and transistors that utilize spintronics to improve energy efficiency. The new components combine data processing and storage with no energy loss, offering flexible reconfigurability.
Researchers propose novel treatment strategies that can help prevent opioid abuse by identifying vulnerable individuals through advances in brain science. These findings have implications for addressing the opioid epidemic, particularly in understanding the neurological response to opioids.
Researchers at UMD have identified a new pathway by which liver macrophages capture fungi in the bloodstream, preventing their spread and potentially treating various types of fungal infections. This discovery has significant implications for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, which kill 1.5 million people worldwide each year.
New research reveals that maternal obesity accelerates the aging process in offspring, leading to increased susceptibility to diabetes and heart disease. Exercise by the offspring can help mitigate these risks, highlighting the importance of early life conditions on future health outcomes.
A new study finds that dog owners have a lower risk of death from heart attacks and strokes, with significant reductions in mortality rates for those living alone or with a partner. Dog ownership is associated with increased physical activity, decreased depression, and reduced social isolation.
A team led by Prof Swati Singh is exploring the use of quantum systems to study astrophysical phenomena. They are developing smaller detectors that can be used to detect weak forces exerted by dark matter and gravitational waves, which could provide new insights into these mysteries.
The Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has received additional funding to develop a novel bioreactor for stem cell and CAR T-cell manufacturing, which could revolutionize personalized regenerative medicine.
Researchers discovered that warty and smooth-skinned octopuses from different depths are the same species. The deeper they live, the bumpier their skin and smaller their bodies. Genetic analysis confirmed these findings, indicating that environmental factors, such as food availability, influence the animals' appearance.
Researchers used state-of-the-art technology to profile each cell during normal breast development, creating a molecular map to understand how breast tissues are formed and maintained. The team found that cells were already poised to become either basal or luminal cells before birth, with abnormal alterations leading to tumor development.
Researchers found that applying normal tap water to the chest, arms, back, legs, and face with a sponge lowered cardiovascular strain and halved dehydration rates compared to just drinking water. Immersing feet in water was also effective, but not as effective as self-dousing.
Researchers found that aggregates of tau protein disrupt RNA splicing, leading to global disruptions in brain cells. This discovery presents an exciting new possibility for using RNA splicing as a potential target for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
A study in four low-income countries found that over a third of women experienced mistreatment during childbirth, including physical and verbal abuse. Younger and less educated women were more likely to experience mistreatment, highlighting gaps in quality and respectful maternity care.
A new study finds that 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is a more accurate method for selecting patients with neuroendocrine tumors who may benefit from peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. The imaging modality yields significantly higher Krenning scores and detects eligible patients with smaller lesions.
A study of nearly 65,000 patients has found that paclitaxel-coated devices are safe and not linked to an increase in deaths. The analysis, which is the largest of its kind, suggests that drug-eluting stents and balloons have no increased risk of death over long-term follow-up.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that coastal homeowners' attitudes towards climate change have little to no impact on their actions to protect their homes. Despite high confidence in climate change, many homeowners fail to take steps to mitigate vulnerabilities due to limited communication and awareness.
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a method to control swarming molecular machines using simple mechanical stimuli, exhibiting zigzag patterns or forming vortices. The system uses motor proteins and microtubules, which can self-repair after disruption.
A new study demonstrates DNA metabarcoding can amplify and sequence plant DNA from human stool, tracking dietary intake with high accuracy. The method has potential for characterizing animal and fungal components of human diets, offering a promising alternative to traditional assessment techniques.
A newly funded project aims to transform urban systems by developing a system for streamlining and managing vast datasets. The 'sketching' algorithm extracts essential information from raw data, creating abbreviated versions that can be consulted for research purposes.
A University of Waterloo study found that Grindr's anonymous nature and lack of size inclusivity contribute to weight stigma among gay men, leading to body dissatisfaction and sexual objectification. Protective factors like positive self-esteem and social support can mitigate these effects.
Researchers have discovered a new antibiotic, phazolicin, produced by a soil bacterium from a Mexican tropical forest that can prevent harmful bacteria from growing in plant roots. The findings suggest the potential for using this bacterium as a 'plant probiotic' to improve crop health and resistance to disease.
A clinical trial found that an experimental growth factor increases knee cartilage thickness, preventing further loss and pain. The therapy may be effective for higher-risk patient populations with severe pain and narrow joint space.
A Yale-led study found that total fertility rates (TFRs) increased across all educational groups in Generation X women, with the greatest increase seen in college-educated women. College-educated women tend to have a three-child norm, driven by a larger proportion of those with two children having a third child.
A University of California - Santa Barbara mechanical engineer's simple running hack uses a light resistance band to increase efficiency by approximately 6.4%. The device optimizes the work needed to swing legs, reducing energy required during each impact with the ground and allowing for shorter strides.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that self-reported health data can be highly biased depending on the country or age group. Researchers compared self-reported measures with tested equivalents and found significant differences in reporting behavior between countries and age groups. This highlights the importance of treating self-repo...
The study found that modern family roles have closed the 'maternal happiness gap', with mothers and women without children having similar life satisfaction. Meanwhile, fathers' life satisfaction has increased as they take on more active roles in childcare.
Patients who use online patient portals are 50 percent more likely to get a flu shot and twice as likely to have their blood pressure checked compared to those who do not interact with these portals.
Researchers analyzed a former methamphetamine-cooking house and found high levels of contamination in everyday items, including blinds, carpets, walls, and even toys. The study raises questions about the effectiveness of current surface detection methods in identifying indoor contamination risks.
Physicists at EPFL's Institute of Physics have successfully created a single phonon in ambient conditions, allowing them to study quantum phenomena in naturally occurring materials. The breakthrough enables the creation of room-temperature ultrafast quantum technologies with potential applications in various fields.
A study by ZSL and Imperial College London found that badgers covered 61% more land each month after a population was culled. Surviving badgers visited 45% more fields and increased the odds of visiting neighboring territories, potentially increasing TB transmission risk to both cattle and other badgers.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism for proton transfer between acids and bases, involving hydroxide/methoxide ions rather than hydrated excess protons. This breakthrough has significant implications for aqueous proton transport in solutions, hydrogen fuel cells, and transmembrane proteins.
Researchers have developed a machine learning model to predict global ocean methane emissions, providing a more accurate understanding of the atmosphere's methane cycle. The study reveals that very shallow coastal waters contribute around 50% of total ocean methane emissions, despite making up only 5% of the ocean area.
Research suggests that children from economically deprived areas are three times more likely to have speech, language and communication concerns than their more affluent peers. This study highlights the need for policies addressing social factors that impact language development.
Researchers have measured pressure at the edge of the solar system for the first time, finding it to be greater than expected. The pressure, caused by plasma, magnetic fields and particles like ions and cosmic rays, was calculated using observations of galactic cosmic rays from NASA's Voyager spacecraft.
The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine has been awarded a five-year, $24 million grant from the US Department of Health and Human Services to advance its lung-on-a-chip technology. The funding will be used to model the effects of chlorine gas on human lungs and develop treatments for resulting injuries.
A new study analyzing sediment cores from Swamp Lake reveals that climate has been the main driver of fire activity in the Sierras over the past 1,400 years. The researchers found that warmer and drier conditions promote fire, suggesting future fires may be more extensive than observed in the last century.
Researchers found that a kindergarten readiness test can predict future academic success and social behavioral skills. Children with poor academic readiness are up to 10 times more likely to have low reading scores at the end of first grade.
Research found that introducing fish or cod liver oil early in life significantly reduces the occurrence of eczema, wheezing and asthma at age six. Children who consumed fish weekly until two years old showed a 28-40% lower risk.
Zebrafish larvae's ability to coordinate movement and maintain balance improves as they age, mirroring human brain function. The study suggests that the developing fish rely on their vestibular organs to oversee improvements in coordination needed to remain horizontal.
Severe adverse reactions occurred within minutes of PICC insertion, especially among patients with cystic fibrosis. The study highlights the need for recognizing and evaluating adverse reactions following PICC insertion.
The Morris Animal Foundation is awarding over $1 million for research projects focusing on deadly diseases in dogs and cats, including canine cancer and feline infectious peritonitis. The grants will support scientists at nine universities in developing new treatments and tests to improve animal health.
Tymora Analytical Operations is developing a plasma-based approach for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. The company aims to analyze exosome proteins and phosphoproteins in plasma samples to identify biomarkers linked to the disease.
A new study identifies a clear biological basis for PTSD, finding that genetics accounts for between five and 20 percent of the variability in PTSD risk following a traumatic event. The study also found significant overlap with other mental disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and neuroticism.
New studies from George Mason University found that young drinkers underestimates alcohol content in Four Loko, even with new labels, and experienced dangerous effects such as blacking out or vomiting. The studies suggest that limiting the alcohol content of these beverages could help reduce their harmful effects on young people.
People with low intelligence scores are at a higher risk of suicide and attempted suicide later in life. The study found that the association between suicidal behavior and emotional control develops over time, with men with low IQ remaining vulnerable throughout their lives.
A new study found no significant long-term effects of recreational cannabis laws on violent or property crimes in Colorado and Washington. However, there were some short-lived increases in certain types of crime following legalization.
The Clin-STAR Coordinating Center, led by AFAR, will promote and enrich the career development of clinician-investigators across specialties and disciplines. The center aims to improve care for older adults through a multi-faceted national platform, leveraging the expertise of four principal investigators from Johns Hopkins, UCSF, Yale...
A new clinical trial found that adding rice bran to infant diets enhanced growth and reduced diarrhea, while also showing potential for improving gut health. The study's results suggest that rice bran could be a practical dietary intervention strategy in regions with high rates of impaired growth and development.
University of Utah engineers create a new type of optical lens that is thinner and lighter than conventional lenses, working with night imaging and enabling longer-flying drones and military applications. The lens is made of plastic instead of glass, reducing manufacturing costs.
A Colorado study found that lymphoma stage at diagnosis impacts types of second cancers that may form after treatment. Early-stage patients had a higher risk of solid tumors, while late-stage patients were more likely to develop hematologic malignancies.
A Princeton researcher found that pesticide companies lobby for stricter regulations on less profitable products, allowing them to clear the way for more expensive alternatives. This practice has significant economic and public health implications.
A NYU scholar suggests aligning English language proficiency standards with STEM content standards to address the barriers faced by English learners. This would enable them to communicate their ideas and skills more effectively in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics classrooms.
The CURSOR project aims to locate survivors trapped under rubble more swiftly and with less risk. The EU-Japan collaboration has developed miniaturized robots equipped with cameras, thermographic capabilities, and chemical sensors to detect human presence.
Researchers create and observe a single phonon in diamond at room temperature, bringing quantum behavior closer to everyday life. This breakthrough technique can now be used to probe other materials for quantum vibrations, potentially leading to advancements in solar cells and quantum computing.
A new study in PLOS ONE shows that certain hybrids are naturally density tolerant, improving yield when planted at higher populations. Increasing populations of density-tolerant hybrids can lead to an average extra $40 per acre in profit for growers and up to $120 to $280 per acre for processors.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University identified three key factors influencing the interaction between employees' religious identity and workplace: personal preferences, opportunities for expression, and individual worker characteristics. The study recommends ways management can promote inclusivity and reduce conflict by creating a...
A recent study found that the SunSmart skin cancer prevention program contributed to a decline in melanoma among younger Australians. The use of sun protection behaviors increased rapidly after the program commenced, with maximal sun protection including shade also seeing significant improvements.
A new study at Michigan State University has identified a cyanobacterial gene family that helps control carbon dioxide fixation in photosynthesis. The discovery also opens doors to designing systems for sustainable biotech production and increasing energy yield from photosynthesis.
Scientists have discovered a new family of microinvertebrates from the mid-Tertiary period, dating back 30 million years. The 'mold pigs' exhibit characteristics with both tardigrades and mites but belong to neither group.
Researchers found that strict labor laws lead to higher levels of temporary and informal employment, resulting in reduced happiness and life satisfaction among these workers. Women tend to feel the impact at a deeper level.
Researchers from Singapore University of Technology and Design proposed a novel probabilistic dispatch strategy to minimize generation costs while ensuring constraint satisfaction in modern power grids. The approach significantly decreases the probability of constraint violation without impacting nominal power generation cost.
A new study found that UK universities highlighting employability in their TEF submissions receive higher grades. Successful submissions mirror the approved language of the guidelines and demonstrate quantitative evidence of improved learning and teaching outcomes.
Researchers describe two new African tropical parasitoid wasp species, Epirhyssa quagga and Epirhyssa johanna, which are among the largest wasps known. The discovery expands understanding of parasitoid insect diversity in tropical forests.
A recent NTU study found that widespread liquefaction in irrigated areas contributed to devastating landslides in Palu, Indonesia, during the 7.5 magnitude earthquake. The research highlights the urgent need for Southeast Asian nations to review locations with intensive rice farming activities near active faults.
A comprehensive database will be created to analyze the inhabitants and visitors of Mount Athos over 700 years, shedding light on economic interests, church leadership, intellectual exchange, and patronage. The project aims to explore wealth, ethnicity, and gender dynamics in the medieval society.
Osaka University researchers use in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy to visualize atomic dynamics on metal surfaces under atmospheric conditions. They track progressive changes at the surface of gold electrodes during oxidation reactions, providing new insights into materials science.
A new treatment combination using stereotactic body radiotherapy and interleukin-12 has been shown to cure pancreatic cancer in mice by activating T-cells to attack cancer cells. The treatment also destroys pancreatic cells that have spread to the liver, a common site for metastatic disease.
A new Finnish study published in Nature Metabolism challenges the long-held mitochondrial theory of aging by proposing that compromised nuclear DNA maintenance is responsible for accelerated aging. The study found that Mitutor mice, which harbor a defective polymerase-gamma enzyme, present with pronounced mtDNA mutagenesis and accelera...
Researchers discovered that cyclophospholipids can help protocells build stable vesicles, a crucial step in the emergence of life. This finding provides a solution to the puzzle of how stable vesicles could have developed in early Earth's harsh conditions.
A new study shows that X-ray crystallography can provide inaccurate information about critical cell membrane proteins, leading to poor drug design. Researchers used supercomputing to simulate molecular dynamics of a membrane protein and found that unresolved loops can stabilize the protein despite apparent lack of structure.
A team of researchers at FAU has discovered the mechanism behind gallstone formation, finding that neutrophil granulocytes cover crystals with their genetic material to form stones. The discovery opens up new treatment options, including the use of beta blockers and PAD inhibitors.
Researchers discovered a 'senescence' pattern in influenza virus surface protein mutations, making it harder to predict future changes. This understanding can improve vaccine strain selection, ultimately enhancing protection against seasonal flu outbreaks.
Physicists have accidentally discovered a material that can change shape without breaking, a property that could lead to new applications in fields like artificial muscles and pumps. The material, called 4-DBpFO, changes shape at temperatures around 180 degrees Celsius due to molecular movement.
A new study found that one in three young adults (18-45 years old) received medication for opioid use disorder within 12 months of a non-fatal overdose. The study shows that age affects the type of medication administered, with younger adults more likely to receive naltrexone and older adults more likely to receive methadone.
A new history of Japan's intelligence efforts, right up to the present, highlights the country's recent revival of its intelligence operations. The book attributes this shift to a combination of strategic environment changes, technological innovations, and intelligence failures.
Researchers developed a low-cost, non-electric cooling technology using a polymer film that can cool buildings in metropolitan areas during the day. The tech achieves this by exploiting spectral overlap between atmospheric window and thermal radiation emitted by buildings.
A new study from the University of Arizona suggests that reducing consumption is more effective in improving personal well-being and lower psychological distress compared to green buying. Participants with fewer materialistic values were more likely to engage in reduced consumption and reported higher personal well-being.
A new study recommends that emperor penguin populations be listed as 'vulnerable' due to projected sea ice loss and rising temperatures. The researchers advocate for improved climate change forecasting and enhanced protection measures to safeguard the species.
The study aims to examine the efficacy of a drug that inhibits an enzyme used by brain tumors to protect themselves from the immune response. Adding the inhibitor to chemotherapy and radiation therapy may enable lower doses, better quality of life, and improved survival for children with recurrent or newly diagnosed brain tumors.
SwRI engineers conducted a series of tests to study hypersonic flight conditions using a light gas gun system. The research elucidated the effects of extreme heat on materials and geometries at speeds over Mach 10.
Researchers have identified the mechanism underlying ultrasonic brain stimulation's neuromodulation effect, revealing that TRPA1 channels in astrocytes play a crucial role. This non-invasive approach has shown promise for treating movement disorders and may also be useful for conditions like dementia, concussions, and depression.
A new study from Ohio State University found that labeling false Facebook posts as satire, humor, parody, or hoax reduces users' belief in the falsehoods and their willingness to share them. In contrast, flagging inaccurate posts as disputed by fact-checkers or fellow users did not have a significant impact.
Researchers found evidence of impaired white matter tract development in premature babies whose mothers experienced more prenatal stress. The study highlights the importance of supporting expectant mothers and providing interventions to mitigate adverse outcomes.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a compact spectrometer that can analyze infrared light in the same way as conventional spectrometers. The device uses special waveguides with an adjustable optical refractive index to disperse the spectrum of incident light, allowing for broad spectral analysis.
Researchers at ICFO have successfully cooled nanomechanical resonators using electron transport, enabling the observation of quantum effects on demand. By applying a constant current of electrons through the resonator, they reduced thermal vibration fluctuations, achieving a population number of 4.6 quanta of vibration.
A new technique using viscoplastic lubrication stabilizes multilayer flows, allowing for efficient transportation of heavy oils. By positioning a layer of yield stress between the oil and lubricant, researchers eliminate interfacial instabilities and improve flow stability.
The Pharmacist-Led Chronic Care Management Services model has been shown to improve patient outcomes and streamline medication regimens. By integrating pharmacists into the healthcare team, patients receive comprehensive medication management and lifestyle education.
A study by Temple-led researchers describes a unique mechanism for coordinating calcium entrance and exit 'doors' on T cells, which helps them carry out their jobs and ensure normal immune function. The research offers new insight into calcium signaling that could help scientists better understand autoimmune and immunodeficiency diseases.
A recent WHO-led study in four countries found that over one-third of women experience physical and verbal abuse during childbirth, with younger, less educated women at highest risk. The study highlights the need for respectful maternity care and informed policies to address these inequalities.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded McLean Hospital nearly $1 billion to address the national opioid crisis through scientific solutions and evidence-based treatments. The hospital will explore ways to improve outcomes for patients using medications like buprenorphine and naltrexone to treat opioid use disorder.
Researchers at UTHealth are testing psilocybin to alleviate treatment-resistant depression, a condition that can be challenging to treat. The study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of psilocybin in changing brain perceptions and cognition.
A study published in The Lancet found that more than a third of women in four low-income countries experienced mistreatment during childbirth. Younger and less educated women were disproportionately affected. The study highlights the need for effective communication, informed consent, and respectful care to improve health equity.
Researchers developed a new approach to identify plant genes that control traits, enabling more efficient breeding of affordable and sustainable crop varieties. The method is valuable for global food security and human nutrition, particularly for crops such as maize, vegetables, fruits, and grains.
Researchers are developing a bulletproof vest that can sense the speed and angle of impact, then change its properties to absorb the force. The technology could also protect buildings, satellites and spacecraft from space junk and meteorites.