The RCP 8.5 scenario is the most appropriate for assessing climate change impacts by 2050 due to its close agreement with historical emissions and current policies. This scenario tracks within 1% of actual emissions, making it a useful tool for informing societal decisions on climate issues.
Researchers from Penn State and Université libre de Bruxelles have discovered an ancient shell llama offering in Lake Titicaca, revealing the lake's significance as a locus of ritual and ceremonial activity for the Inca Empire. The finding suggests that Lake Titicaca played a crucial role in the consolidation of the empire.
Dr. Emmanuel Katsanis is studying a new chemotherapy treatment for patients with blood-related cancers who undergo a specific type of bone marrow transplant procedure. The treatment, known as haploidentical BMT, has shown promising results in improving survival rates and reducing post-transplant complications.
A pilot study found that Snapchat improves diagnostic performance among radiology residents, who performed better on the platform than with traditional classroom screens. The results suggest a promising novel training method to enhance recognition of life-threatening imaging diagnoses.
Researchers have created a method to selectively process surfaces on an atomic scale, leaving one layer intact while perforating another. By utilizing highly charged ions, they can anchor metals on ultra-thin layers, enabling the creation of new materials with promising properties.
Dome A's unique atmospheric properties make it an ideal location for optical and infrared astronomy, with measurements showing excellent seeing values of up to 0.13 arcseconds. The site's feasibility and cost-efficiency are enhanced by its lower boundary layer thickness compared to other Antarctic locations.
A study suggests that a single point mutation in the Cav1.2 channel, G406R, may explain the mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The mutation causes abnormal calcium overload leading to heart problems and spontaneous gene activation, resulting in uncontrolled long-term dysregulations.
Scientists found that when someone is caught staring, their brain sends a signal that the gaze is not significant, allowing others to ignore it. This study sheds light on how social dynamics shape visual attention and reveals the brain's ability to perceive intentions behind an averted glance.
Researchers found that aquatic beetle Regimbartia attenuata can actively escape from the vent of frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus via its digestive system. The beetle promotes frog excretion to facilitate its escape, and this behavior was observed in four other frog species.
A University of Sydney team has developed a plasma technology to attach hydrogels to polymeric materials, allowing for better interaction with surrounding tissue. The technology has shown promising results in tests using biomolecules found in the body.
Researchers develop a One Health framework to improve sustainability in the rapidly growing aquaculture industry, which now accounts for half of global seafood consumption. The strategy emphasizes metrics such as access to nutritious food, employment quality, and ecosystem health.
Typhoon Hagupit developed an eye as it intensified, with a thick band of thunderstorms resembling a giant tail. The storm was classified as a Category 1 hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 75 mph.
Scientists have developed a new method to measure rainfall in Germany using commercial microwave links, achieving high accuracy and temporal resolution. The technique involves analyzing signal attenuation caused by precipitation, with the help of artificial intelligence, and has been successfully tested for application in West Africa.
Researchers estimate that 46% of total terrestrial carbon fixation occurs below ground, with a total productivity of 24.7 Petagrams of carbon per year. Belowground productivity increases with precipitation, but slows down at high levels.
Penn State researchers identified 57 medications with a narrow therapeutic index that may be impacted by concomitant cannabinoid use. This list helps medical professionals make safe prescribing choices for patients using prescription or over-the-counter cannabinoids.
Two studies reveal a compelling story about racial discrimination and its link to suicide. Racial discrimination is found to be uniquely painful for Black adults, increasing their capability for self-harm. Reframing, such as dispositional forgiveness, can serve as a helpful coping strategy associated with fewer depressive symptoms.
Research reveals Cape Floristic Region in South Africa is rich in plant species due to long period of ecological stability, contradicting theory that high productivity is required for high diversity. The study emphasizes the need for protection and conservation in extraordinary places threatened by climate change.
A recent study from Washington University in St. Louis found that older male rhesus monkeys sire significantly fewer offspring than younger males, despite high social status and mating rates. The researchers suggest that age-related decline in sperm quality or quantity may be the primary factor behind this phenomenon.
A team of researchers found that unequal neutron-star mergers can create an electromagnetic signal, which could be detected using gravitational-wave detectors like LIGO. The simulations revealed that the larger star tears apart its partner, creating a slower merger and allowing an 'electromagnetic bang' to escape.
Researchers used machine learning to correlate information on drugs, genes, and diseases, identifying 63 drugs targeting 31 genes as potential candidates for psychiatric and neurological treatment. The approach will also be applied to search for correlations between drugs, genes, and COVID-19.
NASA's new pixel-based silicon detector technology has the potential to detect highly energetic photons in space with less power consumption. The AstroPix project is using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing process to create more efficient detectors.
Research on wild baboons reveals that early childhood experiences, such as famine or abuse, have a lasting impact on adult stress responses, regardless of social support. The study found that dysregulated stress hormones remain unaffected by healthy, supportive relationships in adulthood.
A new study by the International Vaccine Access Center at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health estimates that immunization programs will save $681.9 billion for 2011-20 and $828.5 billion for 2021-30, with a return on investment ratio of up to 51:1.
International professional societies developed minimum clinical standards for determining brain death in adults and children, aiming to enhance consistency worldwide. The new guidelines address various factors, including neurological assessment and organ donation, to ensure accurate diagnosis and respectful care.
Researchers at Université de Genève discovered that the RNA helicase protein contributes to the synthesis of fatty acids, a crucial component of bacterial membranes. The findings provide insight into golden staph's ability to adapt to changing environments and may lead to new treatment options.
Researchers developed scVelo to estimate RNA velocity with an AI-based model, allowing them to study dynamic populations and understand cellular development and gene activity. This enables better understanding of disease progression and cell signaling, paving the way for personalized treatments.
A study by UC San Francisco found that over a third of adults aged 65 and older face difficulties seeing their doctor via telemedicine due to various obstacles. The researchers highlight the need for innovation in devices, services, and policy to ensure older adults are not left behind during the shift to telehealth.
Researchers found a cumulative incidence of 3.1% of autism spectrum disorders among children screened at 18 months, with impaired motor skills and social communication skills as predictive factors. Early detection through health checkups can lead to better prognosis for children with ASD.
Researchers uncover new details about the oldest planetary objects in our Solar System, which formed iron-rich meteorites. The distinct chemical signatures of these meteorites can be explained by core crystallization in their parent bodies, deepening our understanding of the geochemistry occurring in the Solar System's youth.
A recent study found that larger, more integrated health systems do not generally deliver better quality of care. The research highlights the importance of enforcing antitrust guidelines and providing financial support for smaller healthcare organizations threatened by consolidation.
Researchers have developed a new method to enhance graphene-based supercapacitors, increasing storage capacity and reducing size. The approach uses gel-based electrolytes, offering a path to miniaturized on-chip energy storage systems compatible with silicon electronics.
A study of wild female baboons found that early life trauma had a significant negative impact on adult glucocorticoid concentrations, which are a measure of health. Despite having strong social relationships as adults, the stress hormone levels were still significantly higher in those who experienced trauma in early life.
A team of researchers has developed a computational model to describe the motion of molecular motors, shedding light on how they generate unidirectional motion. The study found that molecular motors follow a
Community members supplied with naloxone and a smartphone application can act quickly to reverse opioid overdose before EMS arrival, reducing mortality. The study found that layperson-initiated overdose reversal occurred in 59.6% of cases, with volunteers administering naloxone prior to EMS arrival.
A study reveals snow droughts globally increased in duration and intensity from the first half to the second half of 1980-2018. Changes are attributed to a combination of natural and human-induced factors, including Arctic warming.
A new IIASA-led study examines how COVID-19 spreads regionally and between countries, revealing that government measures such as border closures and flight suspensions were crucial in preventing further transmission. The research also shows that international air travel played a significant role in the early stages of the pandemic.
Researchers at Royal Ontario Museum and McMaster University diagnosed osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone cancer, in a Centrosaurus apertus dinosaur fossil. The diagnosis was made possible by advanced imaging techniques and microscopic analysis of the fossil bone.
The COVID-19 pandemic is compared to the play 'Waiting for Godot' due to its unpredictable nature and lack of effective testing. The article highlights the limitations of using lab tests to define cases and the continued use of flawed statistics, which fuels public fear and informs ineffective policies.
A new study uses a $7500 3D portable whole-body scanner to measure athletes' shape and composition, comparing it with X-rays, MRIs, and manual tests. The technique shows promise in identifying talent earlier and refining training to improve performance.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects both obese and non-obese individuals, with distinct differences found in male and female patients of varying body mass indexes. Key findings include lower skeletal muscle mass and insulin resistance in non-obese NAFLD patients compared to their obese counterparts.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that small molecule protease inhibitors can effectively block coronavirus replication and improve survival in MERS-CoV-infected mice. The findings suggest that these compounds could be investigated further as a potential therapeutic for human coronavirus infection.
Scientists at UCL have discovered new biomarkers that can identify people with Type 1 diabetes who are likely to respond to the immunotherapy drug Abatacept. The study found that certain immune cells, known as 'follicular helper T cells', play a key role in the disease.
Researchers found that abstract paintings elicit more distant times and places in viewers than representational paintings. The study suggests that abstract art can evoke more abstract mental states, making it a unique catalyst for psychological exploration.
A study by University of Utah researchers found that hair isotopes can reveal a person's diet and socioeconomic status. The analysis showed lower-SES areas displaying higher proportions of protein coming from cornfed animals, correlating with obesity rates.
Dingoes in poison-baited regions have increased in size by 6-9% over the last 80 years, according to a collaborative study. The growth is linked to reduced competition for food, as baiting campaigns favor the survival of larger dingoes.
Researchers at MIT and Caltech explored the theoretical possibilities of quantum communication in blackjack, finding a slight advantage for cooperative players. In a limited number of situations with low cards left in the deck, quantum entanglement can give players an edge over classical card-counting strategies.
The Apple Fire in Banning Canyon, California, has consumed 20,516 acres and is burning in an area with not had fire activity in recent years. NASA satellites provide critical information on the fire's spread, detecting actively burning fires and tracking smoke transport.
The American Thoracic Society and its collaborators have developed new clinical practice guidelines for diagnosing hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a condition that manifests as interstitial lung disease. The guidelines aim to standardize clinical care and facilitate research by providing a framework for clinicians to make accurate diagno...
Researchers at Yokohama National University have developed a novel light-based reaction that yields high numbers of a key chemical component. The method uses green visible light to selectively reorganize chemical components, resulting in the production of multisubstituted cyclobutanes with high efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Chlamydia bacteria reprogram human host cell metabolism to increase glutamine import, essential for proliferation. The discovery could lead to new treatments for chronic infections and severe diseases like cervical and ovarian cancer.
A case report from Children's National Hospital reveals isolated N. meningitidis testing positive for resistance to two antibiotics it has historically been susceptible to, raising concerns about the rise in antibiotic resistance. The finding could lead to changes in laboratory and clinical practices across the US.
The Econometric Society and Bocconi University Virtual World Congress brought together 2,500 participants, 1,300 presentations, and over 300 sessions to discuss key topics in economics. The event featured two Nobel laureates, Esther Duflo and Abhijit Banerjee, as well as experts from top companies like Amazon and Microsoft.
Researchers have discovered that a drop in cell membrane tension controls protein sorting, using molecular probes to measure and visualize endosomes' physical properties. This finding has implications for understanding cancer and degenerative diseases.
Research in mice found that a common green apple vape flavor, farnesene, enhances nicotine reward and is also rewarding on its own. Farnesene partially activated nicotinic receptors and increased high-sensitivity receptors, potentially heightening reward and drug-seeking behavior.
A new method of detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been developed using a powerful label-free detection method and machine learning algorithm. The technique achieved an overall accuracy of 88.6% in patient blood samples and 97% on cultured cells, outperforming existing methods.
GP trainees experiencing high levels of burnout are open to using mindfulness as a solution. A new curriculum is being piloted to help doctors manage stress and burnout, with the goal of reducing burnout rates among newly qualified GPs.
A national biofuel policy encouraging sugarcane juice production may make India's water and energy resources more sustainable. Sugarcane cultivation has expanded due to policies that incentivize production, reducing resources for micronutrient-rich foods.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a new genetic cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that affects nearly one in two thousand people. The discovery sheds light on the genetic underpinnings of the disease and may hold answers to new gene therapies.
Cerebral palsy affects children's gross motor skills and muscles, leading to stiffening and weakness. Rehabilitation interventions improve quality of life for individuals with CP, including botulinum toxin injections and robot-assisted gait training.
A study analyzing discarded hair found in trash bins reveals that low SES populations consume more corn-fed animal proteins, a potentially riskier dietary choice. The findings suggest a correlation between diet and socioeconomic status, with implications for health outcomes.