Cells use self-generated chemotaxis to create attractant gradients, allowing them to read local and global information about their surroundings. This process enables cells to navigate vast distances through the human body during embryogenesis and other biological events.
The study evaluates the performance of FY-3D's instruments, showing improved data quality and reduced forecast errors by 0.1% on average. The assimilation of FY-3D microwave observations enhances global weather forecasting, climate prediction, and resilience to extreme weather events.
A new study by Indiana University researchers found that older adults experienced increased depression and loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, having close social networks served as a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes for some.
A two-metre-long Atlantic sturgeon discovered in a 1495 shipwreck off Sweden's coast reveals insights into the Baltic Sea's ecosystem during the Middle Ages. The well-preserved fish remains were identified through DNA analysis, providing a unique link between the sturgeon and royal politics.
A team of researchers from Queensland University of Technology has developed an algorithm that can identify misogynistic content on Twitter with a high degree of accuracy. The algorithm uses a deep learning model to analyze language patterns and context, allowing it to distinguish between abusive language and innocent expressions.
Researchers developed a synthetic compound called CPTX that improved symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, and cerebellar ataxia in mice. The protein restored neural connections, increased excitatory transmission, and promoted memory formation.
Researchers identified a new pathway that protects cells from Ebola virus and coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2, by blocking viral entry into the cell. The MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) gene induces resistance to Ebola virus through the activation of CD74 p41, which disrupts viral protein processing and prevents infection.
A new study reveals a wide array of previously unknown microbial defense mechanisms against viral threats, with 29 widespread novel defense mechanisms found in nearly one-third of all sequenced prokaryote genomes.
Researchers found a statistically significant increase in adverse medical events following the spring time change, with a 18% rise in human error-related incidents. The study suggests that sleep loss caused by the time change may contribute to this risk.
Researchers found that enstatite chondrite meteorites contain sufficient hydrogen to deliver at least three times the amount of water in the Earth's oceans and probably much more. These rare meteorites, composed of material from the inner solar system, are believed to be the building blocks of the planet.
Researchers have developed a novel approach for converting lignocellulose biomass into valuable chemicals by combining multiple microorganisms. This modular system, known as the lactate platform, enables the production of diverse chemicals, including butyric acid and lactic acid, with high efficiency.
Scientists at Sun Yat-sen University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology review the history of G measurements, highlighting inconsistent results and proposing future experiments to reduce uncertainty. They also present their own latest values, achieving high accuracy and confidence levels.
Researchers have published the most comprehensive genome information for three troublesome agricultural weeds, which could lead to better understanding of herbicide resistance. The genomes will help identify specific enzymes responsible for detoxifying herbicides, enabling scientists to develop new control methods.
Researchers found that char can rapidly restore soil carbon and sulfate concentrations, but did not affect physical properties or crop yields. The study suggests char as a potential strategy to enhance soil properties and crop yields in low-carbon soils.
A new artificial pancreas system has been shown to prevent hypoglycemia during and after heavy exercise in people with type 1 diabetes. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, found that the system performed well and was safe compared to standard therapy.
Scientists have proposed a method to classify topological superconducting phases by examining the compatibility between different Majorana zero modes. They found new TSC phases characterized by Zh invariant in C4zT case and Zh Π Zc invariant in C6zT case, which can coexist with helical and chiral MZMs.
The LNU Lightning Complex fire has burned approximately 583.11 square miles, while the SCU Lightning Complex fire has burned around 666.47 square miles, according to NASA's Terra satellite imagery. These two complexes are among California's second and third largest fires in history.
A team of scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has mapped the immense envelope of gas surrounding the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest large galactic neighbor. The study reveals a layered structure with two main shells of gas, and sheds light on the fuel for future star formation and outflows from supernovae.
Researchers at University of Sheffield and UCL identified a key stage in forming the enteric nervous system using pluripotent stem cells. This breakthrough could pave the way for new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, which is initiated in the enteric nervous system before reaching the brain.
Research suggests that not all vegetarian diets are created equal, with healthier choices linked to maintaining normal blood pressure, blood lipids, and blood sugar. Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and olive oil were found to be key contributors to better heart health.
A CDC study of over 80,000 adult patients hospitalized with flu found that sudden, serious heart complications occurred in 12% of patients, or 1 in 8. The study underscores the importance of getting a flu shot early to prevent these complications. Researchers recommend that everyone 6 months and older get a flu vaccine every flu season.
A 25-year analysis of PGT for kidney diseases in the Netherlands shows that 65% of couples with at least one successful cycle experienced live births without kidney disease. The study highlights the importance of counseling patients on their reproductive options to make informed choices.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a novel way for bacteria to produce ethylene gas, a crucial chemical in plastics manufacturing. This breakthrough could lead to new methods for producing plastics sustainably, replacing fossil fuels.
Scientists from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and RIKEN report discovering signals that control the formation of human organs from fetal foregut. The study provides a roadmap for growing more complex and functional organoids using human stem cells.
The Co-Design Center for Quantum Advantage (C2QA) will develop quantum technologies to serve as the platform for future computing innovations. Princeton faculty members, including Andrew Houck and Nathalie de Leon, will lead major leadership roles in the center.
A Yale University study finds that the brain takes time to normalize after abstaining from alcohol, making 'one day at a time' an effective recovery strategy. The study also suggests potential medications to aid in long-term abstinence.
A study published in Pediatrics found that artificial intelligence models can accurately identify well-appearing infants with fever who are at low risk for a serious bacterial infection. This could lead to a significant reduction in unnecessary invasive procedures, antibiotics, and hospitalizations.
Researchers successfully estimated the size of bottlenose dolphin populations using unique signature whistles, with results matching traditional photographic mark-recapture methods. The technique has potential applications in tracking other species, including endangered humpback dolphins.
A review of preclinical data suggests estrogen lowers ACE2 levels, which may explain why women experience milder symptoms. Higher ACE2 levels in men could account for worse outcomes.
Japanese scientists have discovered a mutant strain of sake yeast that produces 10 times the amount of the amino acid ornithine compared to the parent strain. Ornithine has been found to reduce fatigue and improve sleep quality, making it a potential pick-me-up for fans of traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage.
Tropical Storm Iselle formed on Aug 26 with enhanced infrared data showing strongest storms west of the center, indicating large amounts of rain. Wind shear will likely prevent strengthening over the next couple of days, and forecasts predict weakening late this weekend.
The discovery of the first near-intact embryonic skull of a sauropod sauropodomorph has revealed unexpected facial features. The study suggests that hatchlings may have had specialized features, such as a thickened prominence or single-horned face, that changed as they grew into adults.
Researchers found similarities in northern quoll skulls across a 5000km range, raising hopes for conservation. The study suggests cross-breeding isolated populations may be feasible without losing adaptations.
A national study found that housing finance agencies' supportive services and loan structure significantly reduced mortgage defaults and foreclosures among low- and moderate-income households. The results suggest government programs can help low-income households afford and keep their homes, with potential impacts on local economies.
A new mouse model developed at UNC-Chapel Hill has captured many features of human COVID-19 disease, advancing the development of vaccines and therapeutics. The model has shown promise in protecting mice from infection with various treatments, including mRNA-1273 vaccine candidate.
Glioblastoma patients with mutated Wnt signaling exhibit increased PD-L1 production and reduced T cell infiltration. Targeting the Wnt pathway could improve immunotherapy's efficacy in treating various cancers.
Researchers at the University of Queensland have found a strong association between genes influencing cattle temperament and autism in humans. The study's findings could lead to improved animal welfare and meat quality by identifying genetic markers for better temperament.
Elderly patients diagnosed with NSTEMI heart attacks who receive invasive treatment have higher survival rates than those treated with medication alone. Invasive treatment also reduces the risk of re-admission for heart failure or another heart attack.
A retrospective study from the University of Missouri-Columbia found that vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a promising alternative to posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for treating scoliosis in pediatric patients with growth remaining. VBT yields a high success rate, preserving mobility and correcting curves in 74% of patients.
Scientists have discovered a hibernation-like state in an ancient Antarctic animal, dating back 250 million years. The discovery indicates that torpor arose in vertebrates even before mammals and dinosaurs evolved.
A study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that children with accelerated weight gain before age four have higher lung function at age seven, but also exhibit airflow limitation. The research suggests that early childhood growth patterns can be a useful tool for identifying respiratory health issues.
A new breast cancer treatment developed by UIC researchers has shown safety and effectiveness in Phase 1 clinical trials, with no toxic side effects reported. The drug, TTC-352, halted disease progression in six patients with metastatic breast cancer, offering a promising alternative to traditional hormone therapy.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered that senolytic drugs can rejuvenate older organs, reducing inflammation and improving survival rates. The study suggests that these drugs could help close the gap between organ demand and supply, benefiting patients on transplant waitlists.
Researchers found a biological switch in the pituitary gland that enables animals to adapt to changing seasons, governed by hormones and genes. The study reveals a crucial role of the circadian gene BMAL2 in seasonal adaptations, shedding light on the underlying processes.
Emerging treatments for liver cancer show promising safety results, with atezolizumab and bevacizumab combination therapy improving overall survival. Lenvatinib and pembrolizumab combination also demonstrates efficacy in Phase 1b study, while nivolumab + ipilimumab combination yields encouraging results in subgroup analysis.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine supports eliminating daylight saving time, citing increased risks of motor vehicle accidents, cardiovascular events, and mood disturbances. A recent survey found that 63% of US adults support the elimination of seasonal time changes.
A new study by Max Planck Institute researchers found that the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in US men and women increased over two decades. The analysis controlled for learning effects when repeating the same test, revealing a trend reversal compared to previous studies.
Researchers developed a lethal mouse model for SARS-CoV-2 by infecting genetically engineered K18-hACE2 mice with the virus. The study reveals acute disease symptoms and fatal outcomes in these mice, providing a valuable platform for medical countermeasure development.
Researchers develop a yeast-based platform to synthesize complex bioactive molecules efficiently. This method uses baker's yeast as a substitute in drug development research, enabling the large-scale production of thousands of products, including opioid analgesics.
Scientists successfully combined high pressures, magnetic fields, and ultra-low temperatures to study cer-rhodium-indium-five metal's conducting properties. The resulting phase diagram reveals exciting insights into the mysterious superconductivity of this metal.
Researchers warn that the introduction of 'cigarillos' to the UK market is exploiting loopholes in public health measures, targeting cigarette smokers with low-cost products. The authors advocate for urgent adjustments to the tax system to raise pack prices and reduce the incentives behind these products.
A new study by researchers from the University of Göttingen and IPB University reveals that land use change leads to more frequent and severe flooding in Indonesia. The expansion of monocultures such as oil palm and rubber plantations causes soil degradation, changes in precipitation patterns, and increased water runoff.
The Control-IQ system, manufactured by Tandem Diabetes Care, safely and effectively manages blood glucose levels in children with type 1 diabetes. The study found that the artificial pancreas did a better job keeping the children's blood glucose within the target range.
Tropical Storm Hernan forms in the Eastern Pacific, moving towards Mexico's coast. NASA's nighttime view reveals a sheared tropical cyclone with potential for heavy rainfall due to cold cloud tops.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that life expectancy for Black men in Washington, DC, was on average 17.23 years shorter than for white men, while Black women had a gap of 12.06 years. The study attributed these disparities to factors such as heart disease, homicide, cancer, and socioeconomic conditions.
A new study reveals a large-scale change from predatory fish to stickleback dominance in the Baltic Sea, threatening local ecosystems. The shift is linked to eutrophication and climate change, and its effects include reduced recruitment of pike and perch.
A recent study found that couples who worked on healthy habits together had better chances of losing weight, especially when they participated in lifestyle programs. The study, which analyzed data from over 400 patients, showed that having a partner with similar lifestyles helped maintain motivation and overcome practical challenges.
Researchers from the University of Freiburg and their collaborators have developed a new method to simulate the formation of quantum crystals using dipolar atoms. This allows for unprecedented precision in measuring structures that have not been observed before, providing insights into the quantum properties underlying crystal formation.
Scientists at UCLA have developed effective methods for decontaminating single-use N95 respirators, allowing them to be reused multiple times. The researchers found that vaporized hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet light are suitable decontamination procedures, with the former being the most effective.
Researchers at Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology have identified new genetic markers for controlling glucosinolate content in rapeseed. This discovery can help crop breeders create oil-rich rapeseed varieties, improving oil quality.