Researchers from Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University develop novel compounds with potential as effective antibacterial drugs against drug-resistant tuberculosis pathogens. The new substances outperform existing antibiotics in sensitivity and minimal concentration needed for inhibition.
A recent study found that college football players significantly underestimated their risk of injury and concussion, with 43-91% of respondents believing they were at lower risk than the actual probability. The researchers called for greater awareness and informed consent among athletes to mitigate this concern.
Researchers found that plants use rapid oscillations of stems and leaves due to wind to activate molecular switches, allowing them to respond to environmental changes. This discovery highlights the importance of plant sensitivity to mechanical signals, enabling them to prepare for storms.
Researchers at Kyoto University's Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences have identified a possible link between a large cholesterol transport protein and schizophrenia. Mice with disrupted ABCA13 protein showed abnormal behaviour, including impaired prepulse inhibition, suggesting a potential role in the pathophysiology of ps...
Researchers used novel experimental designs to study brain activity during general anesthesia and normal sleep. They found that the effects of anesthesia and sleep on brain activity were surprisingly similar, pointing to a common central core brain network fundamental for human consciousness.
A study found racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in telemedicine access during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting vulnerable populations. These disparities may compound existing health inequities if not addressed.
Researchers found that individuals recovering from COVID-19 experienced prolonged immune system activation and exhaustion, particularly in the elderly. This dysregulation can hinder the development of protective immunity and increase susceptibility to secondary infections.
Scientists explore why some plants resist certain pathogens while others are susceptible. Recent advances in technology will aid in understanding the molecular basis of nonhost resistance, enabling improved disease control strategies.
A year after COVID-19's impact on children was first assessed, researchers have found that children are less likely to get severely sick than adults, yet some still experience serious symptoms. The study provides guidance for keeping families safe as children grow and thrive.
Cancer cells use a molecule called ENPP1 to destroy warning signals that trigger an immune response, making them resistant to immunotherapy. Flipping this switch off could increase sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitors and improve treatment outcomes for various cancers.
A recent study has identified significant disparities in obesity and eating disorders among sexual and gender minority children, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and support services. The research found that these children are at a higher risk of developing obesity and eating disorders compared to their non-LGBTQ+ peers.
A group of neurologists from Massachusetts General Hospital argue that police neck restraints pose significant health risks, including stroke and death. They call for greater transparency around their use.
A study suggests that a single positive psychedelic experience can lower stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in individuals who have experienced racism. The more intense the spiritual and insightful aspect of the experience, the greater the reduction in trauma-related symptoms.
Artificial neural networks enhance signal-to-background ratio in near-infrared imaging, sharpening blurred images. The technology has potential to improve diagnostics and image-guided surgery in the clinic.
A new study shows that big bumblebees selectively remember the location of flowers with high nectar concentrations. In contrast, smaller bumblebees invest equally in learning the locations of artificial flowers regardless of sucrose concentration.
The use of neck restraints by law enforcement has been linked to potential neurologic consequences, including brain oxygen deprivation. The American Medical Association urges caution and calls for further research into the safety and appropriateness of these devices.
Dr. Genova will develop a strength-based intervention to improve job interview skills for adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. The K18 award supports her research project at the University of Michigan School of Social Work's Level Up Lab.
The Phase 3 trial of Novavax's NVX-CoV2373 vaccine is being conducted in the US and Mexico, enrolling up to 30,000 adults in two cohorts. The trial aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine candidate, which has shown promise in animal tests.
Researchers have successfully created a two-dimensional array of quantum dots, enabling single electron control and paving the way for efficient implementation of quantum error correction routines. The achievement marks an important step towards building a working quantum computer.
The study highlights a significant difference in ice shelf collapse between two glaciers in Greenland. Warming subsurface ocean water may be the culprit behind the rapid mass loss of the Zachariae Isstrøm glacier.
Researchers at the University of Münster developed a strategy to switch DNA functions on and off using light. This allows for better understanding and control of cellular processes, such as epigenetics. The method involves transferring photocaging groups to DNA using protein engineering.
A three-year study in Del Mar, California has uncovered the relationship between wave impacts and coastal cliff erosion, with waves affecting the base of cliffs and rain impacting the upper region. The findings provide a new opportunity to improve forecasts and predict cliff retreat.
Two new studies from the University of Rochester Medical Center found an association between vaping and difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. Adolescents who started vaping before age 14 were more likely to experience mental fog than those who started later.
Researchers developed a novel method to discover ligands and inhibitors against membrane proteins, which are challenging to target. The method uses DNA-programmed affinity labelling and boosting sequences to improve screening specificity and abundance.
Study uses machine learning to map brain regions activated by music and finds distinct patterns for happy and sad music. Emotions evoked by films and music rely on different brain mechanisms, with films activating deeper emotion-regulating regions not seen in music.
Researchers at Yokohama National University developed a 4-bit microprocessor called MANA, the world's first adiabatic superconductor microprocessor. The AQFP is capable of all aspects of computing and operates up to 2.5 GHz clock frequency.
The study developed statistical models using socioeconomic data to predict antimicrobial resistance prevalence. The models showed high predictive accuracy for six priority pathogens and expanded the global map to include 99% of the worldwide population in low- and middle-income countries.
New research suggests that restoring Hong Kong's lost oyster reefs can provide significant environmental benefits, including natural water filtration and habitat for native species. The study found that just 7 square meters of a Hong Kong oyster reef can filter up to one Olympic swimming pool of water each day.
A new Texas A&M AgriLife Research project aims to enable temporary genetic changes in mosquitoes, which then remove themselves from the population. The goal is to test and fine-tune a self-deleting gene technology to control mosquito populations and prevent disease transmission.
The study uses high-speed atomic force microscopy to image several intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and identify parameters defining protein shapes and sizes. The technique reveals globules that appear and disappear, as well as transformations between fully unstructured and loosely folded conformations.
A study by Ezekiel J. Emanuel found that white citizens living in the richest US counties had better health outcomes compared to average individuals in other developed countries. The researchers looked at various health metrics, including life expectancy and mortality rates, to make this comparison.
A review of over 100 research articles concludes that masks worn by lay persons reduce the spread of respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Observational studies suggest universal masking can lead to large reductions in transmission rates, even with imperfect cloth face coverings.
Research identifies two causal genes, CHD3 and CHD8, contributing to Chiari 1 malformation. Children with unusually large heads are four times more likely to be diagnosed with the condition. The study's findings may lead to new ways to identify people at risk before serious symptoms arise.
A retrospective cohort study found that testing for primary aldosteronism in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension was rare and associated with higher rates of evidence-based treatment and better blood pressure control. An adaptive stepped exercise program improved pain and physical function in knee osteoarthritis patients.
Researchers developed self-learning algorithms to analyze bioscientific image data, enabling fast and accurate organ detection in medical imaging. The AI-powered software can process whole-body scans of mice in seconds, outperforming human analysts.
A brain network comprising thalamus, cingulate cortex, and angular gyri is associated with changes in connectedness during sleep and anesthesia. This region's activity corresponds to changes in conscious state, indicating its possible role in human consciousness.
Researchers discovered that MpSYP12B redirects the secretory pathway to form the liverwort oil body, providing strong empirical support for the organelle paralogy hypothesis. The oil body accumulates compounds with bioactivities, including antibacterial and anticancer properties.
Researchers have classified angiosarcomas into three subtypes based on genomic and immune profiles, enabling personalized treatment approaches. The study suggests that checkpoint immunotherapy can be effective for clusters one and three, while tumour-promoting genes in cluster two may be explored as potential targets.
Researchers identified multiple bacterial strains that increase adherence of PGPB to plant roots, enabling them to work together for mutual benefit. This finding may lead to the development of groups of bacteria that can better protect crop plants and improve their growth.
Researchers at Swansea University have developed a faster, greener way to produce porous carbon spheres, which are crucial for carbon capture technology and renewable energy storage. The new method produces spheres with high carbon capture capacity and works effectively at large scales.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine discovered that gut cells lining intestines send warning signals to the immune system upon parasite invasion. The discovery sheds light on early stages of pathogen recognition and response.
The study found that beverage prices remained stable after the repeal, while volume sold decreased. In contrast to expectations, the tax's removal did not lead to a significant increase in the consumption of sugary drinks.
Chemists at Scripps Research Institute demonstrate a simple compound called diamidophosphate can assemble DNA building blocks into primordial DNA strands. This finding supports the theory that DNA and RNA arose together as products of similar chemical reactions.
Research found that toddlers are more likely to look at the caregiver's hands when trying to feed themselves, rather than their face. The study suggests that the caregiver's behavior and the toddler's attention play a crucial role in facilitating this new skill.
Researchers found a correlation between extraverts and the use of positive emotion words and social process words. The study aims to improve machine learning approaches for consumer marketing using well-founded linguistic predictors.
Researchers from Lund University criticized a model used to evaluate lockdowns, stating it had fundamental shortcomings and couldn't be used to draw conclusions. The Imperial College London model attributed almost all reduction in transmission during spring to lockdowns, with Sweden being an exception that offered a different explanation.
Researchers at Kavli IPMU propose a novel scenario for primordial black hole formation, suggesting they could account for all or part of dark matter. They also suggest that PBHs could be responsible for some gravitational wave signals and seed supermassive black holes found in the center of our Galaxy.
Researchers have found that a patient's nutritional status has an important prognostic value in cardiac surgery, enabling the identification of postoperative complication rates. The study identified a small group of patients with valvular heart disease as being more susceptible to malnutrition.
A study by RUDN University scientists found that global warming increases methane and CO2 emissions in rice paddies through the priming effect. Temperature fluctuations amplify this process, with increased sensitivity at temperatures between 5-15°C.
A two-year grant from the New Jersey Commission on Brain Injury Research is funding a study by Dr. Jean Lengenfelder at Kessler Foundation to test a new treatment for emotional processing deficits in children with TBI. The research aims to improve emotional processing skills, social interactions, and quality of life for affected children.
Researchers at Tohoku University found that a protein called Toll-1 plays a key role in regulating cell adhesion and sorting during fruit fly development. This process helps maintain the boundaries between different cell populations and ensures proper tissue formation.
Paleontologists reconstructed the chewing motion of a 150-million-year-old early mammal, revealing teeth that worked extremely precisely and efficiently. This unique dentition made it easy for the animal to cut flesh, but also may have limited its ability to adapt to changing food conditions.
Scientists have discovered that hematopoietic stem cell function is impaired in aged mice, even when transplanted into a young bone marrow niche. The epigenome analysis reveals that DNA methylation profiles are a better indicator of aged HSC function than gene expression patterns.
The study uses a dynamic model to predict COVID-19 spread, incorporating infected but asymptomatic individuals and different sub-compartments. The optimal quarantine policy minimizes disease transmission and economic damage, with the sweet spot found between total lockdown and normal movement.
Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a way to mass-produce atomic-scale nanowires of transition metal chalcogenides, paving the way for industrial deployment in next-gen electronics. The scalable synthesis method enables the production of centimeter-sized wafers with highly crystalline and ordered wires.
Scientists investigate the structural stability, electronic states, and transformation of crystal phases of a recently identified polymorph of gallium selenide monolayer. The study reveals that the new phase is metastable, with stability reversing upon applying tensile strain, and large energy barriers for phase transitions.
Researchers mapped the distribution of territories of two warbler species in a human-made landscape with patches of natural forests and pastures. The study found that both species co-occurred without direct competitive interactions, as they foraged in different habitats and locations.
Researchers developed polygenic risk scores using genetic data from nearly 30,000 individuals, improving IBD predictions across European, Ashkenazi Jewish, Hispanic, and UK Biobank populations. Lower predictive power was seen in African ancestry due to smaller datasets and greater genetic diversity.
An international research team proposes a 'glocal' approach to better predict and prevent flooding disasters by combining global forecasting with local observations. The proposed system, GHS-F, aims to provide highly detailed and consistent rain-flood information, which could help avoid some flooding damage.
A new study has found small microplastics in the ocean surrounding Okinawa, with over 75% made from polyethylene. The plastics correlated more with population density than industrialized areas, highlighting potential leaching from fishing equipment and road dust.