To create more corridors for wildlife movement, researchers apply a new mapping system to areas next to streams in Okanogan County. The system uses weighted scales to rate naturalness and legal authority, helping organizations prioritize conservation projects and reveal potential areas of coordination.
Emergency medicine physicians at MCG are equipping rural hospitals with mobile carts for remote consultation and basic diagnostic tests, guided by MCG physicians. This partnership aims to enable rural hospitals to provide higher-level emergency care, reducing transfers to larger hospitals.
A recent study published in the journal AIDS found that vitamin E improves liver function and reduces fat in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and HIV. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed more significant improvements than reported in the general population.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified two critical microRNAs driving ventricular enlargement in models of schizophrenia. Reduced expression of these microRNAs leads to increased motile cilia movement and brain ventricle enlargement, highlighting a potential target for future treatments.
A Japanese research team has uncovered more about how proteins move using high-speed imaging to track dynein's movement along a microtubule. They found dynein moves erratically with frequent backward steps and side steps, challenging the conventional understanding of molecular motor tasks.
A study by DZNE researchers found that a good blood supply to the hippocampus is crucial for healthy memory performance. Participants with doubly supplied hippocampi showed improved cognitive scores compared to those with single-supplied hippocampi or microbleeding, suggesting better oxygen delivery may be key.
Research team led by Professor Hagit Affek analyzed chemical bonds in calcium carbonate minerals from fossilized eggs to calculate body temperatures of dinosaurs. Their study found that dinosaur body temperatures ranged from 35-40 degrees Celsius, suggesting endothermic characteristics.
Scientists using ALMA detected chemical signatures of acetonitrile and its rare isotopomer in Titan's stratosphere, indicating the presence of galactic cosmic rays. The findings suggest a universal process that could influence atmospheres on other solar system bodies.
Researchers at Tomsk Polytechnic University found a way to extend nuclear fuel lifetime by 75% using a thorium-based cycle, significantly increasing safety and reducing costs in remote areas. This breakthrough could provide a stable energy supply solution for hard-to-reach regions.
Researchers developed an automated AI technique to analyse CMR scan images, precisely quantifying blood flow to the heart muscle. The results showed a strong correlation between reduced blood flow and adverse health outcomes, including death, heart attack, stroke, and heart failure.
A new study has refined our understanding of the amount of hydrogen, helium, and other elements present in violent outbursts from the Sun. The research found that helium and neon are enriched in coronal mass ejections, providing clues to the underlying physics in the Sun.
In a study published in PLOS Genetics, researchers found that the NCBP2 gene acts as a key modifier, influencing the impact of other genes in a large genetic deletion. This suggests that neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, result from complex interactions among multiple genes rather than individual genes.
Researchers Juliette Shedd and Sheherazade R. Jafari are developing a graduate-level conflict resolution training course for Burma Leadership Activity scholars. The five-year project aims to improve technical competencies and leadership among participants, promoting respect for ethnic and religious diversity.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered a common flaw in standard comfort measurements used for building heating and cooling systems. The globe thermometer's calculations do not account for free convection, leading to temperature errors of over two degrees Celsius.
Researchers found that hormone implants increased weight gain and feed intake by 10% in Holstein steers, making them comparable to beef breeds. This technology can be a game-changer for dairy farmers struggling financially.
Computer simulations visualize the molecular processes involved in converting adult cells into stem cells. The study reveals that a pioneer transcription factor called Oct4 plays a crucial role in opening chromatin to allow gene expression.
Researchers found that green tea extract and exercise reduced fatty liver deposits by 75% in mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting a potential health strategy for people. The study also showed increased gene expression related to energy metabolism in mice treated with both green tea extract and exercise.
Chenfeng Ke, an assistant professor at Dartmouth College, has been awarded the 2020 Cram Lehn Pedersen Prize for his groundbreaking work on supramolecular chemistry. His research focuses on developing dynamic systems and macroscopic machinery materials that operate cohesively at the molecular level.
A Swansea-led team will assess the impact of integrating renewable energy sources on the UK power grid, focusing on harmonic generation and transfer. The research aims to develop accurate models for devices and power systems, combining detailed converter models with simplified representations.
Researchers at MIT have developed a low-cost, disposable smart diaper that uses RFID technology to alert caregivers when a baby is wet. The sensor detects moisture and sends a signal to a nearby receiver, which can send a notification to a smartphone or computer.
The new guidelines offer 29 evidence-based recommendations for managing adult acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure in the ICU, covering cardiovascular, hematologic, pulmonary, renal, and endocrine considerations. The guidelines also highlight areas needing further research to inform clinical practice.
A meta-analysis of five controlled trials including 471 patients found that vitamin C administration shortened ventilation time by 25% on average, with the effect dependent on the severity of illness. Vitamin C has been shown to have various biochemical effects, including influencing cardiovascular and energy metabolism.
Researchers discovered that hyper-activation of Notch and Wnt signalling is connected to dysregulation of PRH protein, which controls genes and signaling pathways. By tailoring medication according to individual PRH expression levels, clinical efficacy may be improved for patients with bile duct cancer.
A team of UCF researchers has created a nanoscale device that mimics the neural pathways of brain cells used for human vision. The innovation combines two promising materials to enable robots to process and memorize information, reducing processing time and energy consumption.
A Virginia Tech assistant professor has received an NSF CAREER award to develop a system measuring air pollution using bicycles and smartphones, aiming to educate citizens about pollution and promote cleaner habits. The project will also explore alternative urban design approaches to reduce exposure.
Researchers used mathematical models to discover that leaking metabolites can provide both selfish and selfless benefits for cells. Leaking allows cells to enhance their growth by making internal chemical reactions more efficient, but it also enables a mutually beneficial exchange of nutrients with other cell types.
A Wayne State University team, led by Miriam Greenberg, is working on potential new targets for treating Barth syndrome, a life-threatening X-linked genetic disorder affecting mainly males. The four-year grant aims to identify specific metabolites as candidates for new treatments.
Researchers at Swansea University have published two international studies on antifungal drug resistance, which highlights the growing threat of this disease. The studies investigated different aspects of resistance and examined drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, a fungus that causes life-threatening infections.
Weisburd and Davis are testing whether specialized police training can reduce crime without harming the community. The randomized field experiment aims to improve procedural justice and constitutional requirements for police stops.
A study by Stanford and UC Berkeley researchers found that algorithms are significantly more accurate than humans in predicting recidivism, approaching 90% accuracy. In contrast, human prediction rates were around 60%. The findings have important implications for criminal justice reform and the use of risk-assessment tools.
Researchers at Hackensack Meridian Health's CDI laboratory have made a breakthrough in treating blood cancers, specifically leukemia. They identified a novel protein called Stem Cell Growth Factor Alpha (SCGFa), which has shown promise in preserving vascular function and promoting hematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy.
A study published in Neuron found that stimulating the central lateral thalamus with low current and specific frequency can revive monkeys from deep anesthesia. Researchers believe this could lead to new treatments for brain disorders such as coma and spatial neglect.
The University of Arizona's wind tunnels will expand experiments on vehicles traveling at the speed of sound and faster, thanks to a $1.7 million funding boost. Researchers will now be able to study unsteady and separated flows in the transonic range, critical for developing future Army and Department of Defense systems.
A new study by Chung-Ang University researchers reveals that graphene forms a hybrid layer with copper oxide, significantly slowing down corrosion. After an initial period, graphene appears to increase copper corrosion rates, but a longer-term hybrid structure becomes protective over 1 year.
A new study found that exposure to ultrafine particles in air pollution may trigger a nonfatal heart attack within hours. The research, published in Environmental Health Perspectives, analyzed data from over 5,900 patients in Germany and found stronger effects on health with particle length and surface area concentrations.
The Breakthrough Listen Initiative has released nearly 2 petabytes of data from the most comprehensive survey yet of radio emissions from the Milky Way Galaxy and its central black hole. A new analysis of nearby stars that could see Earth transiting the sun was conducted, but no technosignatures were found.
Researchers are seeking to understand the long-term impact of substance use on delinquent youth. Linda Teplin's presentation explores differences by sex and racial group, shedding light on these complex issues.
Thoracic radiation therapy increases fatigue and difficulty breathing in cancer patients, but engaging in physical activity prior to treatment may help improve these symptoms over time. High levels of physical activity are associated with concurrent improvements in fatigue and shortness of breath.
Researchers found that subtle differences in cognitive performance can predict the progression of Alzheimer's disease, even before abnormal levels of beta-amyloid plaques accumulate. Low-cost, non-invasive cognitive testing can identify at-risk individuals, making them ideal candidates for therapeutic intervention and clinical trials.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured an image of Tropical Cyclone Francisco re-developing a rounded shape with thunderstorms spiraling into its center. The storm is expected to make landfall over Madagascar and weaken as it tracks inland, dissipating on Feb. 15.
A new list of chemicals available worldwide contains 350,000 entries, three times greater than 20 years ago, highlighting a need for international collaboration to track global chemical diversity. The list reveals inadequate descriptions and confidential business information on 70,000 and 50,000 entries, respectively.
New discoveries push back dates for early farming in the region by at least a millennium, providing evidence of adaptable ancient crop plants to new ecological constraints. The study also illustrates how humans cultivated crops at northern latitudes, challenging previous views on cultivation and labor practices in ancient Eurasia.
A new metasurface design enables high-directional beam forming in a wide band, with sidelobe levels below -10dB. The proposed design breaks the current bandwidth limit in transmission-type coding metasurfaces, indicating potential applications in radar and wireless communication systems.
Astronomers led by Penn State graduate student Sofia Sheikh conducted a massive survey of radio emissions from 20 nearby stars, looking for technological signatures of extraterrestrial civilizations. Despite finding no technosignatures, the analysis sets rigorous limits on the presence of advanced civilizations in our galaxy.
Research by the University of New Mexico team reveals contraction of the ITCZ leading to drying of the Neotropics, affecting billions worldwide. This study combines new data with existing records to resolve conflicting models on ITCZ variability, highlighting implications for rainfall-dependent agriculture and food security.
A study by CCNY researchers found that flying foxes are dwindling in population due to overhunting, with potential consequences for human health and ecosystem conservation. The findings highlight the critical role of islands in species evolution and diversity.
The University of Guam has received a $856,000 grant for innovative coral restoration work on the island, with an additional $596,000 match from the university. The project aims to develop best practices and genetically diverse populations of staghorn corals.
A study published in Frontiers reveals China's intertidal wetlands have lost nearly 40% of their area over the past four decades due to anthropogenic development and sea level rise. The loss has significant ecological and economic implications, making conservation a top priority.
Researchers Justin Gest and Jack Goldstone analyze aging and fertility rates to project population parameters under varying future immigration levels. They examine downstream effects on age distributions, fertility rates, fiscal balances, property values, economic growth, and GDP.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University researcher Daniel S. Nagin found a strong positive correlation between statewide gun ownership and police use of lethal force, suggesting that more guns lead to more police shootings. The analysis also showed that access to trauma centers can lower rates of deaths in police encounters.
Researchers found that WDR74 protein enhances the ability of circulating tumor cells to metastasize in both lung cancer and melanoma. The protein's presence increases oncogenic properties, while its absence decreases metastatic potential.
A new study published by Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine found a strong link between fast food consumption and weight gain in pre-school age children. The research followed over 500 children for one year and showed that eating fast food independently contributes to excess weight gain at this young age.
Researchers at KIST have successfully controlled the magnetic properties of FGT, a material with potential for next-generation spintronic semiconductors. The discovery could accelerate the development of devices that operate 100 times faster than current silicon-based electronic devices.
Researchers developed a new method to analyze short beta wave bursts in real-time, associated with rats' movements and behavior. The study shows that increasing the recurrence of these bursts can improve motion control and neuroprosthetics.
A study by UNIGE and CY Cergy Paris University reveals that our memory organises experiences based on structural features, rather than superficial similarities. This finding has significant implications for education, highlighting the need to focus on conceptual aspects of situations to help pupils make use of relevant features.
Researchers found that the influenza NS1 protein can bind to the cell's RIG-I protein, quelling the alarm that activates the cellular innate immunity defense against infection. This newly described mechanism increases viral survival and highlights the need for better vaccines and antivirals.
The researchers create a device that uses surface acoustic waves and industry-compatible fabrication processes to transport individual electrons one by one, recombining them with holes to produce single photons.
Researchers have discovered that adding iodide salts to electrolytes can prevent hydrogen peroxide formation, leading to the stabilization of biocatalysts for fuel cells. This extends the life of catalysts, making them suitable for energy conversion processes such as solar fuel generation and electrosynthesis.
Researchers have developed a new method of depositing catalyst particles to tiny electrodes, providing a clean and easy-to-use approach for testing various catalyst materials. This innovative technique allows for the stable and reproducible application of different catalysts on liquid cell TEM chips.
A new PSU study found that decreasing out-of-network primary care across all Medicare ACOs could save the system $45 million a year. Higher specialty care leakage was associated with higher costs for ACOs, driven by outpatient care and emergency room visits.
Emerging technologies are opening a new era in SETI research, with innovative approaches expanding beyond traditional radio signal searches. New systems will detect technosignatures, such as laser emissions or atmospheric chemicals, indicating the presence of extraterrestrial technologies.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that fewer than 1 in 4 Tennessee infants exposed to hepatitis C at birth were tested, highlighting inadequate testing rates. The study also revealed disparities in testing rates based on the mother's racial background, with African American mothers being tested less frequently.
A small study found that consuming flavanol-rich cocoa improved walking distance and blood flow in patients with peripheral artery disease. The study suggests that cocoa may be a new way to treat PAD, which affects over 8.5 million people nationwide.
The five winning researchers are recognized for their diverse accomplishments in engineering, innovation & technology. They will receive a prize of USD $5,000 and an all-expenses-paid trip to attend the AAAS Meeting.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University found that historical helmets can provide similar protection from blast-induced brain trauma as modern ones. The French Adrian helmet demonstrated superior performance in protecting the brain from overhead blasts, with its crest feature potentially playing a key role.
Scientists have created a protein drug composed of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its product angiotensin (1-7) that can be taken orally to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. The drug has shown promise in animal models, reducing pulmonary artery pressure and improving cardiac function.
Scientists have discovered a novel gold nanocluster that can inhibit Aβ monomer formation, dissolve preformed fibrils and restore conformation of peptides. The nanocluster also has good biocompatibility and infiltration ability across the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated a world record transmission capacity of 10.66 peta-bit per second over a 38-core 3-mode optical fiber, achieving a spectral efficiency of 1158.7 bits per second per Hz. This breakthrough enables a drastic increase in data-rate per fiber for intra- and inter data-center communication.
Antonia Groneberg, a neuroscientist, has won Science's annual 'Dance Your Ph.D.' prize with her dance video on zebrafish brain development. Her thesis explored how group dynamics affected individual animal behavior and brain development in zebrafish larvae.
Researchers develop a catalyst that accelerates CO2 conversion into simple chemicals, transforming greenhouse gas into useful products for industry. The technology uses water electrolysers with a polymer coating to facilitate CO2 transport, increasing productivity and efficiency.
The study evaluated nationwide data from 2003 to 2016, assessing changes in the risk profiles and number of patients undergoing revascularization. It found an increase in elderly patients, racial minorities, and those with lower income, as well as a decrease in the use of coronary artery bypass grafting.
Researchers at the University of Montana studied how black-capped chickadees and red-breasted nuthatches encode information in their calls, revealing that they can distinguish between direct and indirect threats. The study suggests that birds are capable of sophisticated decision-making and avoiding spreading false information.
Scientists successfully track oscillations with a period of about 150 attoseconds, revealing the temporal decay of quantum interference. This experiment paves the way for new applications in studying atomic and molecular processes triggered by high-energy radiation.
The Christen Lab has successfully produced a fully artificial genome, the Caulobacter ethensis-2.0, with over 580 functional genes. This breakthrough demonstrates the promise of synthetic biology in producing designer genomes for industrial and health applications.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab uncover mechanisms behind dinosaur blood vessel preservation and identify diverse giant viruses worldwide. The study uses X-ray imaging and spectromicroscopy to demonstrate how soft tissue structures may be preserved in dinosaur bones.
Laloë's theory combines adding a random term to the Schrödinger equation with another concept from de Broglie and Bohm, relating quantum collapse to the universal gravitational field. This approach can be applied to both macroscopic objects like cats and atoms.
The researchers aim to develop a compact sonomyographic prosthetic system that can provide robust control signals proportional to muscle activity. They plan to evaluate the system's performance compared to existing methods, including clinical outcome measures and user satisfaction questionnaires.
Researchers R. Christian Jones and Benoit Van Aken are conducting stream monitoring for the City of Fairfax, analyzing parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, and E. coli levels. The study will provide data to support the city's VA Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit requirements.
A new study from the University of Colorado Boulder found that social media makes breakups harder to get distance from due to constant reminders and encounters with exes. Even when users take measures to remove their exes from their online lives, social media returns them multiple times a day.
Researchers created a human model of congenital pituitary hypoplasia using patient-derived iPS cells to illuminate the underlying mechanisms. The model revealed that a deficiency in FGF10 from the neighboring hypothalamus caused CPH, highlighting the importance of interactions between the pituitary and hypothalamus.
A long-term UCLA-led study of Armenian earthquake survivors found that early psychotherapy significantly improved depression and PTSD symptoms in adolescents, with benefits continuing into adulthood. Factors such as social support and chronic medical illnesses also played a role in the development of PTSD and depression.
A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine explores the role of citizen science in supporting science learning and education. The study found that citizen science can facilitate large-scale research, provide opportunities for diverse perspectives, and enhance science education when designed with inc...
Ex-Tropical Cyclone Uesi continues to generate moderate rainfall in its southern quadrant, with the heaviest rates found south of the center. The system is expected to bring periods of heavy rain to the west and south of the South Island on Sunday and early Monday.
A major study reveals that climate change can cause abrupt changes in dryland ecosystems, resulting in drastic reductions in plant productivity, soil fertility, and vegetation loss. The study found three phases of accelerated ecosystem change in response to increasing aridity, with thresholds above a certain level leading to system col...
Researchers have discovered a promising molecule, BT13, that may slow or stop Parkinson's disease. By increasing dopamine levels and protecting brain cells, BT13 has shown promise in treating the condition.
Researchers have developed a novel formulation that reduces the toxicity of crotoxin, a toxin from rattlesnake venom, and enhances its analgesic effect. In an animal model of neuropathic pain, the formulation demonstrated promising results, with longer-lasting analgesic effects compared to traditional treatments.
The James Webb Space Telescope and other observatories will study the atmospheres of nearby, Earth-like exoplanets for signs of life. These exoplanets are thought to have reservoirs of compounds that could replenish their atmospheres.
Cancer survivors diagnosed between ages 15-20 have an increased risk of premature death and severe health conditions compared to siblings. The study highlights the need for long-term screening of young cancer survivors throughout their lives.
Long-standing human stressors like agricultural run-off and overfishing have contributed to coral reef die-offs. Coral communities were being transformed by human activities much earlier than previously thought, according to recent studies.
A new smart jumpsuit quantitatively assesses children's spontaneous movement, helping to detect abnormal neurological development. The device provides valuable insights into infant motility, which can be used to support everyday activities and interventions.
The research team identified Abl1 gene as a key player in the development of inhibitory neurons and sensory circuits. Inhibiting Abl1 expression led to structural defects in brain development, causing hypersensitivity and sensory-related side effects.
Researchers measured brain asymmetry in humans and great apes, finding a shared pattern in brain shape and connectivity. Humans exhibited greater variability in brain asymmetry than expected, suggesting increased functional modularization.
A new study by the University of Waterloo found that hormonal changes around puberty cause sex differences in airway size, which can impact exercise performance and the development of respiratory diseases like COPD and asthma. Larger airways in males generally led to better breathing efficiency compared to females.
The study reveals the structure-function relationship of the specific and efficient lovastatin hydrolase PcEST, which determines its efficient and specific lovastatin hydrolysis. A variant of PcEST improved solubility and thermostability, suggesting a promising application in industrial processes for green production of monacolin J.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a CRISPR-Cas tool that can detect and debug faulty genetic circuits, facilitating more precise treatments for diseases like cancer. The technology allows for greater precision in identifying and eliminating diseased cells, with potential applications beyond cancer treatment.
Research suggests that taking acetaminophen with a tendency to forgive can reduce social pain by influencing pain signaling in the brain. Forgiveness also lessens feelings of stress and anger following experiences of social exclusion. The combination may provide an antidote to the emotional and physical pains of rejection.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a lanthanide-based assay coupled with a laser to detect toxins and pathogenic E. coli in various samples. The technology uses a high-powered laser pulse to obliterate a sample, collecting spectral signatures that are compared to a database for identification.
Research reveals that seagrass species have evolved a winged seed trait that harnesses underwater currents to hold it on the seafloor for rooting. This adaptation allows seeds to maintain their position until they can grow anchoring roots, providing valuable insights for seagrass restoration efforts.
SPion technology enables scientists to conduct accurate molecular profiling of living tissue without disruption, addressing limitations of traditional ex vivo techniques. This breakthrough innovation is expected to revolutionize health and biological sciences, including cancer surgery, by providing real-time tissue biopsy results.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University developed cobalt-based catalysts that improve heavy oil refinement by breaking down asphaltene-resinous compounds. The study found a decrease in asphaltenes' molecular masses and sulfur content, leading to improved oil viscosity.
Researchers at Umeå University reviewed 12 studies on coronavirus transmissibility, finding it to be significantly higher than WHO estimates. The reproduction number calculated from these studies ranges from 2.79 to 3.28, indicating a high risk of rapid spread.
A recent study highlights the urgent need for reforestation and conservation efforts to protect Madagascar's unique lemur species, with over 95% threatened with extinction. Habitat fragmentation has been found to negatively impact lemur populations, particularly folivores, emphasizing the importance of on-the-ground conservation action.