Researchers identify precise receptor chain involved in atopic dermatitis, a condition marked by chronic inflammation and itchy patches of skin. A novel antibody targeting this receptor may serve as a potential therapeutic treatment for the disease.
Researchers identified a new genus and species of salamander from the Middle Jurassic period, approximately 166-168 million years ago. The fossil discovery provides insight into the evolution of stem salamanders and their ecological niches.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that eating a large breakfast instead of a large dinner creates twice as high diet-induced thermogenesis. This process measures how well metabolism is working, and can differ depending on mealtime.
Lobachevsky University scientists create a new variant of the metal-oxide memristive device that holds promise for use in RRAM and novel computing systems, including neuromorphic ones. The optimized structure stabilizes resistive switching between nonlinear resistive states, enabling robust switching and low variation of resistive states.
Scientists develop flexible bio-butterfly-wing that converts natural sunlight into a flapping motion, producing a frequency exceeding actual butterfly wings. The device demonstrates potential applications in flying animal robots and solar energy harvesting.
Researchers sequenced the genomes of 24 strains of Burkholderia bacteria from the ISS water dispenser and found them highly similar to Earth-based strains. The bacteria are susceptible to common antibiotics, making them treatable in the event of an infection.
A study found that drinking water quality in homes differs by room and changes with seasons, raising concerns about water safety. Researchers collected data 58 times at a single house over a year, logging 222,000 hours and 2.4 billion records.
A new study published in the Journal of Archaeological Science found evidence consistent with dog domestication during the ice age through dental microwear analysis on 28,500-year-old fossil teeth. The research identified distinct diets for two groups of canids, one dog-like and one wolf-like.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that diabetes patients who used the patient portal and mobile phone app showed significant improvements in health outcomes. The use of these online tools was associated with increased medication adherence and lower blood glucose levels, particularly among patients with higher baseline HbA1c levels.
African pastoralists, specifically the Himba community, exhibit a remarkably high rate of extra-pair paternity, with 48% of children fathered by non-marital partners. The study highlights how social norms support this practice, unlike in many Western societies where it is stigmatized.
University of Rochester researchers found that the amount of methane emitted by humans is significantly higher than previously thought. By analyzing ancient air samples, they determined that reducing fossil fuel use can help curb climate change. The study suggests that anthropogenic methane emissions account for a larger portion of the...
A team of Rice University engineers has introduced the first neural implant that can be both programmed and charged remotely with a magnetic field. The integrated microsystem, called MagNI, incorporates magnetoelectric transducers that allow it to harvest power from an alternating magnetic field outside the body.
A new model of chromosome X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in C. elegans has been identified, accelerating research on the disease and its potential pharmacological targets. The model points to glial cells as responsible for neurological damage, with oxidative stress caused by mitochondria being a major cause.
Marine bacteria, such as Polaribacter, develop distinct niches with respect to algal polysaccharides, avoiding direct competition. Closely related clades partition available resources through unique sugar utilization strategies.
A novel elective program for pediatric residents has increased time spent at home with newborns, leading to improved income and academic outcomes. The four-week rotation provides up to four weeks of paid leave, benefiting breastfeeding establishment and fetal health.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a method to track the treatment of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) in children by measuring the levels of micro-RNA 122. This non-invasive marker may be used to diagnose and monitor the disease without biopsies.
A breakthrough in coronavirus research has led to the creation of a 3D atomic scale map of the part of the virus that attaches to and infects human cells. This mapping is crucial for developing vaccines and antiviral drugs against the 2019 novel coronavirus.
A randomized, double-blind trial compared the safety and efficacy of F14512 and etoposide phosphate in dogs with spontaneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma. F14512 demonstrated significant antitumor activity and clinical benefits, particularly in P-glycoprotein overexpressing lymphomas.
Joint capsule edema and thickness at the axillary recess are useful predictors of stiff shoulders in patients with rotator cuff tears. MRI findings also show associations between tear size, location, and preoperative passive range of motion.
Researchers compared treatment and survival rates between African American and white women with mammography-detected triple-negative breast cancer. African American women have a higher rate of death from breast cancer, likely due to the aggressive nature of this type of breast cancer.
The study achieved time-resolved measurement of a single magnetic memory event using a tunnel junction, revealing two stages: incubation and actual reversal. The researchers developed a strategy to minimize time fluctuations, reducing the total time for the reversal event to less than 0.3 nanoseconds.
A study found that excessive selfie editing and time invested in creating perfect selfies are related to self-objectification, leading to body shame and anxiety. Researchers advise parents to monitor their teens' phone behavior and engage in conversations about self-esteem.
A meta-analysis of 24 trials involving over 17,500 older patients found that support with medication for three months after discharge significantly reduces hospital admissions. The study identified transitional support and medicines reconciliation as effective strategies in reducing readmissions.
A new study provides alternative method for monitoring endangered lions, estimating an overall density of 8.53 lions per 100 square kilometers. The researchers found that prey density does not influence variations in lion density within the study site, and baiting lions for tourism perturbs their natural density patterns.
Researchers found that high cholesterol levels increase the risk of developing aortic stenosis, a major heart valve disease. The study used Mendelian randomization to determine the causal effect of cholesterol levels on aortic stenosis.
A study by FAU researchers found that neighborhood environments with greater access to social, walking and retail destinations may have limited cognitive benefits for APOE ε2 carriers, who are at lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. Beneficial neighborhoods can provide spaces for exercise, mental stimulation and stress reduction.
A study published in JAMA Network Open highlights the strain on Texas emergency departments from uninsured kidney disease patients seeking lifesaving dialysis. The researchers found that over 10,000 uninsured patients incurred $21.8 million in hospital costs for emergency dialysis treatments.
A new open-source simulation software package in Python allows researchers to quickly compare and prioritize strategies for converting biomass to fuels and products. BioSTEAM provides a fast, flexible tool to analyze the economic and environmental implications of biorefineries.
A team of researchers found that scientists who share their personal stories and values through first-person narratives are more likely to be perceived as authentic and trustworthy. This can help build trust with the audience and enhance science communication.
Adult lymphoma patients treated with CAR-T therapy reported improved physical and social function, as well as better emotional and mental health. The study suggests that CAR-T may not only extend survival but also improve quality of life after treatment.
A team at Stanford University developed a machine learning-based method that accelerates battery development for electric vehicles, reducing testing times from almost two years to 16 days. The approach optimizes the charging process, finding better protocols to test and predicting battery performance based on only a few charging cycles.
A new type of heart valve, inspired by human venous valves, has been designed to adapt to a child's growth without losing functionality. The biomimetic two-leaflet design has shown promising results in benchtop studies and large animal models, potentially reducing the risk of blood clots and improving long-term device durability.
A new meta-analysis found that tart cherry concentrate significantly improved endurance exercise performance when consumed for seven days to 1.5 hours before cycling, swimming or running. The study pooled results from 10 previously published studies and concluded that tart cherries improved performance in endurance-trained individuals.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a system to control CAR T cells using blue light, destroying skin tumors without harming healthy tissue. In tests, the treatment reduced tumor size by 8-9 fold in 90% of mice.
Researchers are working on developing drugs that inhibit the function of NLRP3, an inflammatory protein involved in various diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and arthritis. Several NLRP3 inhibitors are currently in preclinical trials with varying mechanisms.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a mixed-signal hardware security solution that thwarts powerful electromagnetic attacks on Internet of Things devices. This breakthrough technology enhances security by 100 times compared to current solutions, making it essential for protecting resource-constrained edge devices.
Researchers at the University of Otago have successfully trapped and cooled three individual atoms, allowing them to observe previously unseen complex atomic interactions. This breakthrough has significant implications for future quantum technologies, including the potential to build and control single molecules of particular chemicals.
A study by University of Leeds researchers found high levels of non-disclosure due to refusal, partial refusal, or non-response to FOI requests. The current FOI Act is deemed unfit for purpose, with only 24% of requests resulting in full disclosure, and many authorities failing to respond within the statutory 20-day period.
A study found that paying for low-value vitamin D tests was stopped in Ontario, leading to a nearly 93% drop in testing. In contrast, US patients covered by Veterans Health benefits or commercial insurance saw only an 14% reduction after Choosing Wisely guidelines were issued.
A recent study published in Nature has shed light on the global relationships that determine bird diversity on islands, revealing that colonisation decreases with isolation and extinction decreases with area. The research also found that most island bird species represent unique evolutionary branches with no close relatives.
A new microfluidic chip developed by researchers can quickly identify small differences in sperm chemotactic behavior, providing a more complete picture of male fertility. The device uses a concentration gradient of progesterone to guide sperm towards the egg, offering a pump-free alternative to existing tests.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed new materials and manufacturing methods to create higher performing helmet padding that reduces the likelihood of head injury. The new padding consists of highly-tuned open-cell lattice structures, demonstrating a 27% increase in energy attenuation efficiency compared to existing foam pads.
A new lensless on-chip microscopy platform developed at UConn removes traditional lenses to provide a fuller picture of tissue samples, leading to more accurate diagnoses. The platform uses ptychography and achieves an ultra-high Fresnel number, allowing for a 30 mm2 field of view and eliminating the need for cell staining.
A study found that historical wood panel paintings with developed craquelure patterns are significantly less vulnerable to environmental variations than previously assumed. The research team investigated the susceptibility of gesso layers, the most brittle component of a wood painting, to fracture under different environmental conditions.
Bacteria can coexist through a simple mechanism where movement drives ecosystem diversity and stability. The active migration of organisms can keep different bacterial strains together, allowing them to survive alongside each other.
Researchers have created a new stem-cell model that can grow somites, the blocks of tissue that form vertebrae and muscles in embryos. This model, called gastruloids, has been developed to study complex processes in embryonic development and may enable testing of new drugs for developmental defects.
A study by the American Academy of Neurology found that increased out-of-pocket costs for neurologic medications, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are associated with lower patient adherence. For example, a $50 increase in cost was linked to a 12% decrease in medication possession ratio for Alzheimer's disease.
The Himalayan wolf has been found to be a genetically distinct species adapted to harsh high-altitude environments, posing key threats from human activities such as livestock herding and illegal wildlife trade. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect these ecosystems and the wolves' populations.
A new study reveals that habit, tradeoffs, and resource barriers are key factors influencing breast cancer therapy discontinuation. Black women were more likely to report challenges related to these barriers, highlighting the need for multi-barrier intervention strategies.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge discovered that random gene pulsing plays a key role in establishing spatial structures during biofilm development. This process allows for the distribution of cell states within a population, enabling the formation of complex patterns.
A new study by Yale researchers found that a brief introduction to mindfulness concepts can significantly reduce physical pain and negative emotions in people. The study's results showed that even when participants were subjected to high heat on their forearm, their brain responded as if it was experiencing normal temperature.
A UMass Amherst study found that prenatal phthalate exposure is associated with autistic traits in young boys, but adequate folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy may mitigate these effects. The study analyzed data from over 2,000 pregnant women and followed the development of their children until age 3 and 4.
A new study found that an enriched environment with physical activity, socialization, and cognitive stimulation helps heal young, injured brains in premature newborns. The study suggests that recovery of the brain's white matter requires a combination of all experimental interventions, not just a single one.
A team of researchers used a computerized particle analyzer to count weed seeds with high accuracy. The technology can process 2,000-2,500 seeds in just three minutes, significantly reducing the time required for seed counting.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a control mechanism in the brains of mice that ensures adequate blood flow to areas of heightened neural activity. The study found that arteries actively regulate neurovascular coupling and that the protein Mfsd2a plays a critical role in this process.
A new publication in Nature Communications presents a unifying model that explains diverse interactions between decision strategy and the environment, highlighting the similarity of their features. The findings shed light on the tight-knit forces that link changes in strategic action to environmental change, and vice versa.
Researchers developed a novel approach for preparing thin fullerene films from aqueous solutions, reducing environmental risks and making organic electronics more accessible. The method enabled fabrication of organic field-effect transistors with high charge carrier mobility and gas sensors.
Researchers have discovered that contaminated groundwater in Balkan villages is a significant source of human exposure to aristolochic acids, potent kidney toxins. The discovery highlights the urgent need for weed control measures to reduce the incidence of Balkan endemic nephropathy.
Researchers from the Technical University of Denmark have discovered a way to improve EPO production by knocking out specific genes in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. This results in a 1.4-fold increase in production and significantly improved product quality, with up to 40% of the most active EPO form produced.
Scientists Takashi Yoshizaki and Bill McDonough developed a new compositional model for Mars, predicting the depth to its core-mantle boundary at around 1,800 km. The model suggests moderate amounts of sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen in Mars' core, with the core accounting for only about one-sixth of the planet's mass.