Scientists at DESY used an advanced X-ray combination technique to trace nanocarriers for tuberculosis drugs within cells with high precision. The method also revealed the calcium content in human bone, benefiting osteoporosis research.
A Tufts University team won a grand prize in the NSF Idea Machine Competition with their project 'From Thinking to Inventing,' focusing on what machines can invent and how. They aim to create resilient robots that can creatively solve problems, addressing pressing issues like climate change and wealth inequality.
A new study found that protecting large animals and plants can reduce wild animal biomass by 44% and soil fertility by 92%, highlighting their fundamental role in ecosystem integrity. Larger organisms transport nutrients, promoting productivity and ecological services.
A new study reveals a never-before described natural process in soil that converts nitrogen gases into nitrates through the action of visible and ultraviolet radiation. This finding is crucial for understanding the nitrogen cycle in soil, which affects global sustainability, productivity, and air quality.
The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) honored five researchers for their outstanding contributions to type 1 diabetes research, including breakthroughs in beta cell autoimmunity and immune therapies. The awards recognize significant progress toward curing T1D, with funded research totaling over $2.2 billion.
A recent study by Dr. Peter Wilf reveals that the 'oldest bamboo' fossil from Eocene Patagonia is actually a conifer, not a bamboo. The fossil, Chusquea oxyphylla, does not resemble any bamboo features and matches the distichous foliage form of the conifer genus Retrophyllum.
A recent study reveals that the herringbone pattern in plant cell walls, created by alternating angles of cellulose layers and a protein called CSI1, is critical for cell growth. This discovery challenges existing theories about cell growth and has implications for biofuels research.
In a new study, Mayo Clinic researchers discovered that in-home bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) therapy can significantly improve COPD patient outcomes, including reduced mortality rates and fewer hospital admissions. The treatment helps alleviate shortness of breath and reduces the risk of intubation.
Studies funded by the tanning industry are more likely to downplay risks and highlight perceived benefits of indoor tanning. Researchers analyzed 691 articles on indoor tanning and found that studies with financial ties to the industry were significantly more favorable, highlighting the need for independent scientific data.
A study by Trinity College Dublin reveals that zoos with diverse animal collections, especially mammals, and large animals like elephants and tigers, attract more visitors. Higher attendance leads to increased conservation contributions in the wild.
A recent study reveals that cancers have already spread in a high percentage of people by the time recommended screening begins for colorectal cancer. The rate of colorectal cancer incidence increased significantly between ages 49 and 50, with 92.9% of diagnosed cases at age 50 being invasive.
A new device can automatically manage glucose levels and deliver needed insulin quickly, eliminating the need for constant blood sugar checks and insulin injections. The adhesive patch, about the size of a quarter, has been successfully tested on mice and pigs, showing promise as a potential diabetes treatment.
A Washington State University study found that pregnant women use marijuana to manage health issues and reduce stress, with many feeling stigmatized by healthcare providers. The research emphasizes the need for patient-centered care and more information on marijuana's safety during pregnancy.
A study of nearly 100 infants found that even when hungry, they gave a tasty snack to a stranger. The researchers suggest early social experiences can shape altruism in young children.
A new single-cell prenatal blood test can identify genetic abnormalities in fetuses with high accuracy, improving the likelihood of detection. The test uses a modified droplet digital PCR assay that assesses DNA from live cells without cell fixation or whole-genome amplification.
Researchers estimate that there may be as many as 10 million people worldwide suffering from a rare disease, which is likely to hinder treatment development due to inconsistent and imprecise definitions. The study calls for a unified definition of rare diseases to improve care for patients and develop effective treatments.
Daily e-cigarette users are more likely to be recent quitters than non-users, while vaping is rare among those who quit more than a decade ago. E-cigarettes appear to be helping smokers quit successfully, particularly among those who quit within the last two years.
A recent CMAJ editorial emphasizes the importance of investing in social equity to address health disparities among low-income individuals. The authors highlight the persistent gaps in healthcare access and outcomes according to income, which result from poverty's association with various social determinants of health.
A new score, the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score, outperforms the Charlson Comorbidity Index in predicting healthcare outcomes for patients with multiple chronic illnesses. The score can help clinicians prioritize care and optimize health delivery to an aging population.
A study sequenced mosquito transcripts to understand resistance to Dirofilaria immitis. Activation of immune genes blocks nematode development but prevents transmission-stage Brugia malayi., Mosquito immunity crucial for preventing parasitic worm development and transmission.
Researchers found improved survival times of 13.6 months and 17.8 months for uveal melanoma patients with liver metastasis treated with new therapies, compared to 5.3 months in earlier years. The shift from systemic chemotherapy to targeted liver treatments has led to significant benefits.
Researchers discovered hydrogen atoms in zirconium vanadium hydride are more tightly spaced than predicted, which could lead to superconductivity at or near room temperature. The team used neutron scattering experiments and computer simulations to understand the phenomenon.
Engineers from the University of Kansas are flying a specially equipped Cessna over the Black Hills to measure snow depths and predict streamflow. The goal is to incorporate these measurements into hydrological models to better predict how melting snow affects regional streams and rivers.
Researchers suggest that axionic dark matter surrounding compact stars can prevent catastrophic magnetic field losses while allowing for abnormal rotation. This theory provides an alternative to previous understanding of rapidly rotating objects with strong magnetic fields.
US Army scientists develop an experimental antibody cocktail that protects animals from Sudan virus, a closely related to Ebola. The treatment boosts the body's immune system to fight infection and provides protection in rhesus macaques.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have developed an environmentally friendly technology to remove oil from water. Textiles with special surface properties passively skim off the oil and move it into a floating container without using chemicals.
Trained dogs can identify infected trees within two weeks of inoculation and distinguish the citrus greening pathogen from other pathogens. This method is more efficient than currently USDA-approved methods, such as PCR tests, which detect less than 3% of infections.
A recent study found that patients transferred between hospitals have a higher risk of dying than those admitted through the emergency department, even after controlling for patient-level characteristics. The researchers aim to improve transfer safety by identifying key variables and optimizing stabilization processes.
A year-round acoustic study in the northern Bering Sea recorded over 30,000 calls from whales, walruses, and seals, providing valuable insights into climate change's effects on these species. The study supports previous scientific knowledge with a finer-scale resolution, revealing consistent seasonal distribution and movement patterns.
Researchers used radar technology to quantify mayfly swarms in the Upper Mississippi River and Western Lake Erie Basin, estimating up to 88 billion mayflies can swarm annually. A 50% decline in population was observed between 2012 and 2019, raising questions about causes of such reductions in mass emergence.
Tau proteins exhibit distinct aggregation behaviors, with phosphorylation influencing their formation of either solid fibrils or disordered clumps. The researchers' findings offer new insights into the causes of Alzheimer's and frontotemporal dementia, potentially leading to the development of therapeutic interventions.
A new study reveals that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a cellular abnormality that impairs production of myelin, a fatty substance that facilitates efficient electrical communication across the brain. This impairment could lead to abnormal brain development and neurological problems associated with ASD.
A SwRI-led team used data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe to identify low-energy particles near the Sun, likely originating from solar wind interactions beyond Earth orbit. The particles are thought to be created by stream interaction regions and can pose a radiation threat to space travelers and technology.
A team of scientists has successfully measured the viscosity of silicate melt under pressure and temperature conditions similar to those in the lower earth mantle. The data suggests that a bridgmanite-enriched rock layer was formed during the early history of the Earth, with implications for our understanding of the planet's formation.
Researchers discovered a substantial concentration of microplastics in the Delaware Bay, accumulating in hotspots driven by tidal, wind, and buoyancy variations. The study used field sampling and modeling to simulate microplastic distribution and found high concentrations near salinity fronts where surface currents converge.
Researchers identified coronary microvascular dysfunction as a precursor to later heart disease and possible death in patients with chronic kidney disease. The study found that CMD was associated with abnormal mechanics of the left ventricle and clinical risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
A single primitive turtle species, Laurasichersis relicta, survived the mass extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs 66 million years ago in the northern hemisphere. The turtle's unique shell features and armor-like spikes allowed it to thrive in humid environments with forest areas.
A new protein-based method, STOP-CAR, switches off modified T cells on command, reducing toxicity and organ damage in cancer patients. This breakthrough could speed the clinical development of new CAR therapies.
A recent study found that hospital websites in Washington state lack essential information on language services, making it difficult for non-English speaking patients to access care. Only 20% of hospitals listed language services on their homepage, and most were not translated into the patient's native language.
A new paper explores how bodies evolve to prevent cancer by making growth factors costly to use and limiting cell proliferation. Individual cancer cells are kept in check when there's a high energetic cost for creating growth factors that signal cell growth.
A study analyzing dam impacts on freshwater fish habitats found that extant dams contribute most to habitat fragmentation in China, India, South Africa, US, and Europe. Future dams are projected to mainly affect tropical species in river basins like Amazon, Congo, Niger, Mekong, and Salween.
A recent study by a team of biologists at Tufts University has found that fireflies are threatened by habitat loss, light pollution, and pesticide use. The researchers surveyed experts worldwide to identify the most significant threats to firefly survival, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect these insects.
A new study reveals that the world's most biodiverse regions are under threat from human-driven climate change, with tropical ecosystems expected to lose over 75% of their climate-safe habitats by the end of the century.
A team of researchers at the University of Washington has developed AuraRing, a wearable device that can detect precise finger movements and track hand orientation. This technology enables new applications in gaming, healthcare, and more.
A cold plasma patch has been developed to deliver immune checkpoint inhibitors and cold plasma directly to tumors, boosting the immune response and killing cancer cells. The patch significantly prolonged survival and inhibited tumor growth in mice with melanoma.
Researchers observed solar energetic particle events and found that pre-accelerated particles build up in front of coronal mass ejections, creating a new phase of the energization process critical for radiation hazards. The study highlights the complex interplay between flares, particle populations and CMEs.
Researchers used a new technique to study the origin of superconductivity in cuprates by overdoping a material until it disappeared. They found that purely electronic interactions likely lead to high-temperature superconductivity and that this interaction emerges exactly when superconductivity starts, strengthening as it gets stronger.
Researchers have developed a new methodology to measure cocoa flavanols and procyanidins, which is more accurate and reliable than previous approaches. This new method will support further research into the health effects of these compounds and provide industry with tools for reliable raw material and product testing.
According to new research from Cornell University, opening more grocery stores can significantly reduce global warming by lowering food waste. The study found that even small increases in store density can have a high impact on reducing waste, with benefits comparable to converting thousands of cars to electric power.
A new study reveals that the rapid evolution of Darwin's finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers was linked to their beaks and skulls. The researchers found that these birds had a stronger association between their beaks and skulls than other bird lineages, allowing for more versatile evolution but constrained along specific directions.
Shift workers are at a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, heart disease and type 2 diabetes due to disrupted circadian rhythms. Employers and workers can take steps to mitigate these risks, including establishing consistent sleep schedules, controlling light exposure and promoting healthy nutrition and exercise.
A new analysis from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) finds that heart disease risk increases significantly as women enter menopause, with arterial stiffness rising by up to 7.5% within a year before and after the last menstrual period.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have developed a new method for classifying pituitary tumors, which could improve diagnosis accuracy and treatment options. The test measures the levels of betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) in blood samples, indicating the presence of certain tumor subtypes.
Researchers have identified five regions of the genome that show signs of selection for glyphosate resistance in morning glory, suggesting multiple ways the plant may evolve resistance. The study found evidence for both parallel and nonparallel genetic changes associated with glyphosate resistance.
Researchers developed a novel gas imaging system to visualize and measure gases released through the skin in real-time. The system uses VOCs present in circulating blood to diagnose metabolic disorders, genetic diseases, and cancer.
Researchers analyzed 80 volatile compounds and identified 17 key compounds responsible for wine fragrance. These compounds relate to fruity, woody, toasted, and citric aromas and can help guide the creation of more affordable wines with specific aromatic profiles.
Researchers have found that combining two anti-HIV antibodies with ART can suppress the virus and boost T cell responses, offering new hope for HIV treatment. The study suggests a potential interaction between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity, which could lead to improved control of the virus.
A pooled analysis of 14 studies found that text messaging was associated with significantly lower rates of looking left and right before crossing, as well as moderately increased rates of collisions and close calls. Listening to music was not linked to any heightened risk of pedestrian behaviours.
New research suggests that moving birth a day early can trigger an early start to widespread neuron death in the developing brain. Delaying birth has no apparent effect on when this cell death occurs, indicating a developmental process takes over in this scenario.
A new study from Northwestern University and Cornell University links red and processed meat consumption to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death. The research suggests that reducing red meat intake may be an important strategy to reduce cardiovascular disease and premature death.