The study highlights the efficacy of Bluestar Genomics' 5-hmC signal detection technology for detecting breast, lung, pancreatic, and prostate cancer from a single blood draw. The technology demonstrated high performance in classifying samples with high Area Under the Curve measures.
Plant scientists combined second- and third-generation genomic technologies to create a more accurate and efficient method for resolving plant pathogen genomes. This breakthrough reduces the time required to sequence genome data from one-and-a-half years to just nine days, while lowering costs from $2 million to $1,000.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a hybrid technique to fabricate strong and corrosion-resistant nickel with high-density ultrafine twin structure. The new material exhibits improved mechanical strength, low corrosion current density and high polarization resistance, making it suitable for applications in the automotive, ...
The Global Reef Expedition found that coral reefs in Tonga were moderately healthy, but fish communities needed attention. The report highlights the importance of marine conservation and recommends expanding management efforts to protect fish resources.
A compact neutron resonance transmission analysis device can detect nuclear material in just one minute, reducing the need for kilometer-scale neutron beams. Researchers have optimized its design to minimize background interference, allowing for accurate detection of isotopes in various materials.
Researchers have elucidated the atomic structure of the sugar-transporting-protein PfHT1 in Plasmodium falciparum, gaining insight into glucose uptake. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more specific and effective antimalarial compounds.
The new wing design, dubbed the Separated Flow Airfoil, intentionally separates airflow at the leading edge, reattaching it more consistently before reaching the trailing edge. This enables more efficient, stable flight in turbulent air, resulting in better battery life and longer flight times for small drones.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University discovered GCSF's neuroprotective properties, improving neurological deficits and behavioral outcomes in mouse models of stroke. The study provides new insights into GCSF's potential to reduce infarction by decreasing endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress.
A genetically engineered diamondback moth has been successfully released into an open field, showing promise for effective and sustainable pest control. The self-limiting strain, developed by Oxitec Ltd, is modified to target pest populations without harming the environment.
A new study published in Nature found that widely used cerebral organoids are 'confused' and 'disorganized' compared to the developing human brain. The researchers measured gene expression in over 235,000 cells from 37 different organoids and compared it to normal brain tissue, revealing a lack of development into distinctive cell type...
Researchers created and imaged a novel pair of coupled quantum dots, which could serve as robust quantum bits for a quantum computer. The patterns of electric charge in the islands cannot be fully explained by current models of quantum physics, offering an opportunity to investigate new physical phenomena.
Researchers assess water quality, oxygen levels and microbiomes in lakes with hippo populations, finding nutrient and organic material inputs alter chemistry and oxygen. The study suggests exponential growth of the population, posing questions about human interactions and ecosystem disruption.
Researchers have developed a new antiviral material made from sugar that destroys viruses on contact, offering a non-toxic alternative to current treatments. The treatment has shown success against multiple viruses, including respiratory infections and genital herpes, and may help combat emerging viral diseases.
Researchers have developed a targeted next-generation sequencing strategy to track bat-borne coronaviruses and monitor their spread. The approach uses enrichment with probes to increase sensitivity and reduce costs, allowing for the creation of a living probe library for frequent updates.
A new study reveals that rapid urbanization and poor waste management are the primary causes of coral reef loss in the South China Sea. The research, led by HKU marine ecologists, used geochemical techniques to analyze coral skeletons and found a significant increase in nitrogen pollution coinciding with Hong Kong's rapid development.
Research from North Carolina State University found that freshly burned longleaf pine forests have more bees and bee species than unburned forests. The study suggests that prescribed fires maintain a favorable environment for pollinators by reducing ground cover and releasing nutrients, increasing flower resources.
Researchers discovered that plants use flavonoids to communicate with microbes in the soil, but high levels of organic carbon in the soil can repress these signals. This allows plants to control whether they invest in expensive symbionts and avoid wasting photosynthate on unnecessary microbial help.
A team of engineers at MIT has developed a bionic 'heart' to test prosthetic valves and other cardiac devices, reducing the need for animal testing and increasing design efficiency. The device combines real heart tissue with soft artificial muscles to mimic the natural beating motion of a human heart.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a palladium-based intermetallic electride, Y3Pd2, as a highly efficient catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. The material exhibits improved catalytic activity and reduced activation energy compared to traditional pure Pd catalysts.
Radioactive iodine is now the recommended frontline treatment for patients with thyroid gland overactivity, including Graves' disease. The new guidelines, developed by University of Birmingham researchers, show that radioactive iodine improves cardiovascular outcomes and cures 90% of cases.
Experts cite urgent need for influenza vaccinations to prevent outbreaks in detained migrants and asylum seekers. The logistics of vaccine administration are relatively straightforward, with a low risk of adverse effects.
The study reveals that a small subset of providers account for disproportionately high amounts of opioids, with the top 1% prescribing nearly 1,000 times more than the middle 1%. Most providers generally prescribe safely below recommended thresholds.
A team of researchers found that microtiming deviations, previously thought to be crucial for the swing feel in jazz music, are actually unnecessary. Instead, musicians perceive the swing when the timing fluctuations are minimal. The study, conducted by the Max Planck Institute and University of Göttingen, used digital jazz piano recor...
The CHEOPS space telescope has successfully opened its cover following a series of tests, enabling further activities including star and planet imaging. The first images are expected to be published within one or two weeks, allowing the team to assess the instrument's abilities.
A new study suggests that people who consume higher amounts of the antioxidant flavonol are less likely to develop Alzheimer's dementia. The research, which followed 921 participants for six years, found that those with higher flavonol intake had a 48% lower risk of developing the disease.
Researchers discovered autophagy as a potential target in the fight against MERS, and found that licensed drugs like niclosamide can drastically reduce viral replication by inhibiting autophagic degradation. The study provides promising insights for developing new substances to combat MERS.
The Helsinki Declaration emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to protect human health and the environment. Key findings include the importance of social justice, long-term goals, and scientific knowledge in addressing planetary health threats.
Researchers found graphene can withstand more than a billion cycles of high stress without breaking. The material's unique structure is attributed to its regular and simple lattice, making it highly resistant to fatigue.
Researchers discover a drug already approved for cancer treatment can reverse symptoms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The drug, SAHA, shows significant improvements in heart structure and function by reducing hypertrophy and increasing the heart's ability to pump blood.
The university received awards to support the purchase of state-of-the-art facilities and technologies, enhancing military research efforts. Virginia Tech researchers will gain valuable experience working on advanced projects, including a nano-calorimeter instrument and an aircraft engine test bed.
A new study found that high levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in the blood predict patients at increased risk of acute kidney injury. The protein may be a promising target for future therapies or interventions to prevent or treat AKI.
Physicists at PTB and MPIK have developed a method to measure atomic frequencies in highly charged ions, increasing precision by a factor of 100 million. This breakthrough enables the creation of novel atomic clocks and new avenues for searching for new physics.
Researchers at Kyushu University have successfully synthesized several types of amino acids using abundant materials. The process uses electric energy generated from renewable sources and involves titanium dioxide as the electrocatalyst and an organic acid called alpha-keto acid as the key source material.
A study published in Physical Review X reveals that schools of fish with specific formations can receive significant energy savings and improved speeds through hydrodynamically influenced collective movement. Diamond lattice formations offer the greatest hydrodynamic advantage, while geometry plays a crucial role in performance.
During droughts, mountain forests and grasslands at higher elevations release more water into the air than in normal growth periods. This is due to increased metabolism promoting water uptake by vegetation. As a result, evapotranspiration rates are above average, draining rivers and streams of half their usual volume.
Dr. Susan Furth is recognized for her exceptional mentorship and leadership in pediatric research, training dozens of post-doctoral fellows and junior faculty. She is also the principal investigator of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Pediatric Center of Excellence in Nephrology.
Researchers from SUTD and NTU create a new method for reversible 4D printing using just two materials. The process uses heat to change the shape of the material, which can then revert back to its original shape without human intervention.
Researchers found that smaller, younger, non-neutered dogs, and those living in US counties with high opioid prescription rates are at higher risk of accidental opioid poisoning. The study suggests increased public awareness and knowledge of drug trends could help lessen further harm.
Scientists use molecular motors to manipulate protein structure, directing stem cells to differentiate into bone cells. The movement of motor molecules induces subtle structural changes, affecting cell attachment and behavior, ultimately leading to altered cell fate.
Scientists at the University of Bath have developed a new chemical recycling method that can break down plant-based plastics like PLA into their constituent molecules. This technology has the potential to create a circular economy by reusing carbon indefinitely, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions.
Research suggests that captive-bred game birds may be unprepared for life in the wild due to unnatural early life conditions. Mimicking natural conditions in captivity could promote more natural behavior and improve survival chances. Adding perches and unpredictable food supply are proposed solutions.
Researchers discovered that nitrogen fertilizers shape the composition of individual members of the tomato microbiota, with Actinobacteria colonizing root tissues. The diet represented by different nitrogen treatments determines the plant microbiota, highlighting potential targets for optimizing plant nutrition and global food security.
A study simulated city centre pollution levels and found that bad air for just two hours caused cardiovascular disease effects lasting a whole day. The research suggests even 'safe' pollution levels can be devastating to health, emphasizing the need for improved air quality in cities.
Four late Pleistocene-early Holocene skulls from Tulum, Mexico, show high morphological diversity among early North Americans. The study found associations between ancient remains and modern populations from diverse regions, including Asia, Europe, and South America.
The Graphene Flagship has published a comprehensive guide to graphene manufacturing and processing, providing a single source of knowledge for researchers and industry. The handbook encompasses over 1,500 references and covers techniques for production and characterisation of graphene-related materials.
Researchers have developed color-changing bandages that can sense drug-resistant and drug-sensitive bacteria in wounds and treat them accordingly. The bandages change color to indicate the type of bacteria present, allowing for targeted treatment with antibiotics.
A new study by the Keck School of Medicine of USC found that Los Angeles County's traffic conditions affect consistent access to comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs), particularly in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. Nearly 20% of the population has intermittent access to CSCs, with many living in urban core areas.
Researchers at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center have developed a non-invasive way to directly monitor oxygen distributions within cancer tumors during radiation therapy. The method uses specialty cameras and an oxygen probe drug injection to image the distribution of oxygen from within the tumor.
A new study published in NEJM compares minimally invasive TAVR to traditional open-heart surgery and finds no statistically significant difference in mortality or disabling stroke rates. The study, involving over 2,000 patients, also shows improvements in disease-specific quality-of-life measures.
The ERA4TB project aims to develop comprehensive treatments against tuberculosis by adopting a parallel development pathway that allows for simultaneous research of multiple potentially effective molecules. This approach will significantly reduce the time taken developing new combined treatments needed to eradicate TB.
Scientists have observed record warm water beneath the Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica, which is causing significant melting. The discovery suggests that climate change may be responsible for the glacier's retreat, with potential implications for global sea levels.
A recent nationwide monitoring campaign in China found that fine particulate matter (PM1) is strongly correlated with cardiovascular disease, with a 21% higher risk compared to larger particles. The study suggests that PM1 can more easily deposit in the lungs and circulation, increasing health risks.
A new Tulane University study published in JAMA Network Open found that black and Hispanic patients are more likely to be offered appointments but asked about insurance status, and receive appointments further in the future. This bias in scheduling systems can lead to longer wait times and worse health outcomes for these groups.
Researchers discovered that the darcin pheromone triggers a complex response in the brain of female mice, driving both innate and learned sexual behaviors. The study mapped the neural circuitry responsible for processing the pheromone, revealing its role in integrating sensory information with an animal's internal state.
Researchers examine social interaction in autism, finding that successful interactions revolve around partner compatibility and not just individual skill sets. Autistic adults prefer interacting with other autistic peers, disclosing more about themselves and feeling closer to their partners compared to typically developing individuals.
A network science study ranked Rachmaninoff as the most innovative composer between 1700 and 1900 based on novelty scores. Composers from the Romantic era had high novelty scores compared to others.
Researchers found that classrooms with a higher praise-to-reprimand ratio saw students focus on tasks for up to 20-30% longer. The study suggests that praise is a powerful tool in boosting student engagement and learning outcomes.
The University of Trento led a research study to create in vitro tumor models using organoids, which can show signs of disease and provide a model of tumors affecting young patients. The study confirmed the key role of two proteins and investigated therapeutic options, making it possible to advance brain cancer research.
Research found that high CO2 levels drive the aggressiveness of pancreatic tumor cells and their resistance to treatment. Increasing CO2 levels in cell cultures also showed increased growth and aggression, while common chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy were less effective against high-CO2-cultured cells.
Research by ecologist Kathleen Treseder reveals that fungi make resource allocation decisions in response to climate change. In extreme conditions, fungi store more carbon, but in moderate climates, they release more carbon dioxide.