Researchers have demonstrated coherence times up to 10,000 times longer than previously recorded for spin-orbit qubits, making them an ideal candidate for scaling up silicon quantum computers. Strong spin-orbit coupling is key to achieving stable qubits and robust quantum information.
A new University of Michigan study estimates that wealthy American homes generate about 25% more greenhouse gases than lower-income residences, mainly due to their larger size. The researchers used data from over 93 million American homes to create nationwide rankings by state and zip code.
A new study from the University of California, Davis, shows that toddlers may experience and deal with uncertainty in decision making like older children and adults. Toddlers gather information before making decisions, taking extra time on difficult trials, and exhibiting behaviors that suggest they can respond to uncertain situations.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new strategy, 'wrap, trap and zap,' to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wastewater treatment plants. The graphene-wrapped nanospheres kill bacteria by producing reactive oxygen species, degrading antibiotic-resistant genes and minimizing their release into the environment.
A NIH study found consistent sex-based differences in cortical volume across 2,000 brain scans, which correspond with patterns of sex-chromosome gene expression. These findings suggest that genetic mechanisms, including those on the X and Y sex chromosomes, may influence sex differences in brain anatomy.
A new portable DNA detection method can identify tree pests and pathogens like the Asian gypsy moth and sudden oak death pathogen in under two hours. The device uses PCR testing to analyze tiny amounts of DNA and has been tested on multiple destructive invasive species.
A team of geophysicists used the ROMY ring laser to measure the Earth's rotational velocity and axis orientation, achieving the most precise ground-based measurements yet. The instrument detected minute alterations in the Earth's rotation caused by ocean currents, ice mass shifts, and seismic events.
Researchers found that certain species of foraminifera can survive and thrive in anoxic environments with high levels of toxic hydrogen sulfide. The organisms exploit soluble organic material as a source of carbon and energy, playing a crucial role in anaerobic nutrient cycles.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have demonstrated that behavior therapy exposing people to memories of their trauma does not cause relapses of opioid or other drug use. Following the first therapy session, PTSD severity and emotional problems decrease significantly.
Researchers found that high genetic risk scores, including apolipoprotein E ε4, increase dementia risk by 2.6 times, while favorable cardiovascular health reduces the risk by 0.45 times.
A study finds that crop rotation effectively mitigates western corn rootworm damage to Bt cornfields, increasing yields and reducing fertilizer use. Farmers must diversify their Bt crops and rotate to prevent the pest's resistance.
Physicists at the University of Bath have accurately measured and characterised a single, twisted nanoparticle using a new method, taking them closer to producing medicines on demand. The discovery could lead to mini-labs that can mix substances in a completely new way, producing pharmaceuticals from minute droplets of active ingredients.
A UCSF study found that older adults with retained senses of hearing, vision, and touch have half the risk of developing dementia compared to those with marked sensory decline. The study tracked over 1,800 participants in their seventies for up to 10 years, revealing a stronger association between olfaction and lower dementia risk.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have discovered 37 recently active volcanic structures on Venus, suggesting the planet's interior is still churning. The study provides evidence that Venus is no longer a dormant planet and may hold clues to its geological development.
Researchers use cameras, drones, geolocators, and sensors to track wildlife and greenhouse gas emissions. Computing advances help analyze terabytes of data, enabling ecologists to scale up ecological research and address environmental challenges.
Research reveals exotic species diversity increases on Azores islands through human activities, disrupting native ecosystems and nutrient recycling processes. The study found a slight decrease in endemic island species, such as the Azorean money spider.
Researchers developed a system to monitor pneumonia and genetic diseases by analyzing breath exhaled by patients, revealing a new potential diagnostic tool. The technology uses specialized nanoparticles that release gases when proteases in the body cleave them, allowing for rapid detection of lung health.
Researchers develop Proteus, a lightweight material that turns back the force of cutting tools upon itself, making it resistant to angle grinders, drills, and high-pressure water jets. The unique structure of ceramic spheres encased in cellular aluminium creates an interlocking, vibrational connection that repulses any attack.
Researchers have successfully developed a method to 'upconvert' low energy light into visible light using oxygen, enabling it to be captured by solar cells. This breakthrough has the potential to increase the efficiency of solar cells and expand their sensitivity range.
International trade can compensate for regional food shortages and reduce hunger due to climate change. Eliminating protectionist measures and barriers to trade can relieve these differences.
Researchers from USTC obtained the ultimate precision for estimating all three components of a magnetic field with entangled probe states under the parallel scheme. They found that tradeoff comes from incompatibility of optimal probe states and presented an approach to quantify tradeoff.
Researchers used GOCI to study high-resolution spatial distribution and tidal variation of suspended sediment over the Yangtze Bank, revealing a tongue-shaped structure and importance of topography in tidal-induced mixing. The study enhances understanding of short-term changes to TSS in Yellow and East China Seas.
Tropical Depression 7E formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean near Mexico's Baja California Peninsula and is expected to track over cool waters, weakening it. NASA's Terra satellite detected strong storms with cold cloud top temperatures, indicating potential for heavy rainfall.
Research identified 21 evidence-based suggestions for preventing Alzheimer's disease, with a focus on vascular risk factors and lifestyle modifications. Targeting factors such as cognitive activity, high blood pressure, depression, diabetes, and stress may help reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed a new soft electrolyte that suppresses lithium dendrites, allowing for longer cycle life and improved safety. The technology enables the production of high-energy density batteries for electric aircraft and long-range electric cars.
Preliminary data suggests that immunotherapy won't worsen complications in patients with both conditions. Researchers found that an anti-diabetic drug metformin can reduce protein production by immune cells, offering a potential treatment option for COVID-19 complications.
A team of Michigan State University engineers has designed a soft-hard hybrid flexible gripper that can generate larger grasping forces than traditional pure soft hands. The new research, published in Soft Robotics, aims to create safer human-robotics interactions for tasks such as fruit picking and medical care.
A recent study published in Orthopedics found that high school athletes require at least one month of recovery following a concussion. The study analyzed data from 357 adolescents who sustained one or more concussions and found that those with multiple concussions required longer recovery times, up to 30 days.
A recent study by Argonne National Laboratory quantified how farms can reduce emissions by changing their practices and adopting novel technologies. Sustainable farming professionals can implement lower carbon footprint practices, such as conservation tillage and cover crops, to improve farm efficiency and help the environment.
A new assay detects intact HIV latent proviruses at higher frequencies than previous methods, revealing a significant amount of intact virus in infected individuals; this finding is crucial for developing an HIV cure. The study provides a benchmark for assessing persistent proviral DNA and its composition.
A new experimental drug that inhibits AHR has been shown to effectively combat Zika virus replication and prevent microcephaly in mouse fetuses. The study found a significant reduction in viral load and histopathological changes, suggesting a promising antiviral therapy.
UCI researchers received the most funding in campus history, with a 20% increase over last year, thanks to strong support from federal and state agencies, leading foundations, and companies. This milestone accelerates UCI's ascent as a world-class research university, with notable boosts in biomedical research and data privacy.
The study enhances air quality numerical models by incorporating observation information and model background fields to improve prediction accuracy, particularly for pollutants with long lifespans. It shows significant benefits for PM2.5, PM10, and CO forecasts lasting more than 48 hours.
A UK study found that British boys' executive functions are heavily influenced by their socio-economic status, while those from wealthier families performed better in tests. In contrast, girls and children from Hong Kong and mainland China outperformed their peers despite lower socio-economic backgrounds.
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has successfully produced its first X-ray beam using the upgraded LCLS-II facility, demonstrating significant advancements in X-ray technology. The new undulators offer dramatic new capabilities, including precise control of X-ray beams and unprecedented repetition rates.
Scientists have created magnetic nanodiscs that can detect and respond to mechanical forces, offering a new method for studying neural responses and potentially leading to new therapeutic treatments. The discovery could provide a more precise and non-invasive alternative to existing neurostimulation techniques.
A study of 500 Jewish-Israelis and 500 Palestinians reveals differing lay theories about peace, influencing conflict resolution. Peace is associated with war termination for both groups, but with different underlying values.
Researchers developed ultrathin 'smart nanosheets' that can capture protein complexes from mixtures, enabling faster and more accurate analysis with electron microscopy. This innovation can lead to better understanding of diseases and treatment with drugs.
A team of scientists at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center has identified a sub-class of peptides in legumes that inhibit the growth of gray mold fungus. The peptides, known as NCR044, work by concentrating in the nucleolus and targeting fungal spores and germlings.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine shows that genetic pre-screening can reduce the number of screening tests needed to identify individuals at risk for osteoporotic fractures by up to 41 percent. This could lead to cost savings and more efficient screening programs.
A study found that mailing colorectal cancer screening kits to Medicaid enrollees boosts screening rates by 23.2% and saves costs compared to a reminder-only approach. The mailed kit alternative requires an additional cost of $116 per person screened, but significantly improves screening in low-income populations at a reasonable cost.
Researchers from Cornell University and the University of Wisconsin, Madison, have developed a wrist-mounted device called FingerTrak that continuously tracks the entire human hand in 3D using thermal cameras. The technology has potential applications in sign language translation, virtual reality, mobile health, and human-robot interac...
A reduced dose of prasugrel was found to be as effective as a standard dose of ticagrelor in reducing the risk of bleeding without increasing it, particularly in elderly or low-weight patients with acute coronary syndrome. This finding is based on a randomized trial that assessed efficacy and safety in nearly 4,000 patients.
A new study from Cornell University highlights the importance of urban green space and tree canopy for supporting diverse bird populations. The research found that increasing green space by 50% results in an 11.5% increase in annual species diversity.
A Rutgers University study suggests geoengineering could reduce global warming's most dangerous effects if carbon emissions are drastically reduced. The technology involves creating sulfuric acid clouds to block solar radiation.
Scientists have tracked quadruple helix DNA formation in living human cells for the first time, allowing them to see how it works and its possible role in cancer. The discovery could reveal new targets for drugs that interrupt gene expression, a fundamental process in gene regulation.
Scientists cooled potassium-rubidium molecules to near absolute zero, observing an intermediate complex that lived for 360 nanoseconds. The team found that laser light was forcing the molecules off their reaction path, leading to loss.
Astrocast uses satellite imagery and machine learning to predict drought conditions, providing valuable time for farmers and pastoralists to prepare. The system has been successful in forecasting changes up to ten weeks ahead with good confidence.
COVID-19 affects organs throughout the body, causing widespread systemic effects such as heart attacks, kidney failures, and neurological symptoms. The review provides clinical guidance for physicians and proposes mechanisms behind these effects.
Researchers found that college-aged participants spent more time on Snapchat, demonstrated more problematic use, and reported higher preference for negative social potency rewards. They also attempted to quit Facebook more than Snapchat, contradicting expectations.
Researchers found that the sympathetic nerve connects to hair follicle stem cells, bridging the gap between nervous system control and hair regeneration. The muscle facilitates this connection, allowing the nerve to directly regulate stem cell behavior and promote new hair growth in response to temperature changes.
BRD4 protein regulates key proteins contributing to prostate cancer progression, suggesting new therapeutic target. Current treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer are limited and focus on suppressing tumor cells' reliance on androgen receptor signaling.
Researchers isolated fibroblast cells from a stranded finless porpoise to predict the threat of environmental pollutants to its population. The study found that pollutants like PCBs and DDTs induce cell death and can cause cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and reduced cell viability.
The phase 1/2 trial found the vaccine induces strong antibody and T cell immune responses, and causes minor side effects more frequently than a control group. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the vaccine's effectiveness in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Researchers studied cavefish and surface fish for clues on immune system adaptations. The study found that cavefish have a more sensitive innate immune system but lower levels of inflammation due to their unique environment. This could provide insights into human autoimmune diseases like Type 1 diabetes.
A Penn State researcher challenges the prevailing view that indigenous peoples' fires had a minor ecological impact. Instead, Abrams argues that indigenous peoples played a significant role in managing forests through frequent, low-intensity fires. This management approach allowed for extensive agriculture and supported wildlife habitats.
Scientists have developed a simple clinical test, the 'enhanced paper grip test,' to assess lower limb strength and predict falls. The test shows reliability and validity in detecting muscle weakness in patients with diabetes.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that 1 in 10 kindergarten children had undiagnosed vision problems. The study highlights the importance of adequate follow-up care to ensure successful vision screening programs.
Researchers found that trained musicians showed greater powers of rhythmic prediction compared to nonmusicians, with subtle differences between those trained in Japanese or Western classical music. The study also reveals that different cultural upbringings can have a tangible effect on brain development.
The study used neutron spectroscopy to measure lattice vibrations in ultra-thin alumina particles, confirming theoretical predictions. The findings have implications for controlling heat transfer through ultra-thin materials, potentially benefiting electronics and future spacecraft designs.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that older patients and those with coexisting diseases were more likely to die from COVID-19. The 30-day cumulative mortality rate was 24.4% among hospitalized patients, with shortness of breath being the most prevalent symptom among those who died.
A new diagnostic test for heart failure patients has been found to also predict COVID-19 patient outcomes, highlighting the connection between cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. The test measures a balance of beneficial and harmful peptides in the blood, suggesting that targeting this pathway could improve treatment for both conditions.
Cyanobacteria from Lake Okeechobee released toxins such as microcystin-LR, brevetoxin, and BMAA, potentially exposing coastal residents to adverse health effects. Chronic exposure to multiple toxins is a growing concern for human and animal health.
Researchers found that being African American strongly associated with higher risk of postoperative complications and mortality among apparently healthy children. African American children had 27% greater odds of developing postoperative complications and 3.43 times higher odds of dying within 30 days after surgery compared to white peers
Researchers reconstructed paleoclimate conditions from stalagmites in Apulia, Italy, finding minimal significant climate fluctuations. The findings challenge the climate change hypothesis as a cause of Neanderthal extinction.
Research by University of Liverpool reveals strange magnetic behaviour in South Atlantic region dated back eight to 11 million years ago. The study suggests that today's South Atlantic Anomaly is not a new phenomenon and may be linked to features of the Earth's interior.
A Carnegie Mellon-developed navigation system, SemExp, uses machine learning to train robots to recognize objects and understand their locations in a home. This enables the system to think strategically about how to search for something, making it more efficient than classical robotic navigation systems.
Researchers at UC Davis Health are testing a new antibody cocktail, REGN-COV2, to prevent and treat COVID-19. The clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the REGN-COV2 antibodies in hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19.
Scientists at Oldenburg University have developed a new technique to observe chemical processes during battery operation. The team used scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to track changes on the lithium anode's surface, revealing how dendrites form and limit durability.
Researchers developed a COF-LZU1 coating to redistribute Li-ions, improving battery performance. The coating's nanochannels hinder anion migration, increasing the Li-ion transference number and transforming mossy or dendritic Li into smooth deposition.
New research highlights the importance of soil biological health and organic farm inputs for crop production in Australia. The study found that native vegetation acts as a reservoir for beneficial actinobacteria, which can enrich adjoining agricultural soils.
Scientists have created next-generation solar modules with high efficiency and good stability using perovskite material. The breakthroughs address key issues such as scalability and durability, paving the way for commercialization.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have identified vitronectin, a blood protein, as a promising drug target for dry age-related macular degeneration. The study's findings suggest that vitronectin drives the formation of abnormal deposits that cause progressive vision loss.
A recent study in the Journal of Dairy Science reveals that milk protein composition plays a crucial role in cheese production. The researchers found that non-coagulating milk has higher concentrations of certain proteins, leading to lower cheese yields and economic impacts.
Children with low cardiorespiratory fitness are at risk for premature heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure. Improving CRF through regular physical activity, such as sports or high-intensity interval training, can lead to better academic achievement, mental health, and overall health.
A groundbreaking study using MRI scans of 130 mammalian brains found that brain connectivity levels are equal in all species, including humans. The research revealed a universal law: Conservation of Brain Connectivity, which suggests that the efficiency of information transfer in the brain's neural network is the same across mammals.
A global transition to agroecological production is crucial to reduce threats to biodiversity and support ecosystems. Agroecology can enhance biodiversity, promote connectivity between protected areas and increase species' ability to respond to environmental threats.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists will use data from NASA's Earth Observing Satellites to identify areas of potential disease and track plumes of dust that traverse the globe. By predicting the origins and landing spots of specific pathogens, farmers can be advised on practices to avoid increasing their spread.
A new study from the University of Washington found that teens may be more likely to use marijuana following legalization due to increased adult use and store proliferation. The study's lead author notes that early use during adolescence can have negative health consequences, making it concerning that teen use may be going up.
A study of over 500 men found a U-shaped function in genital and self-reported arousal to erotic stimuli, suggesting a continuum of male sexual orientations. Bisexual-identifying men exhibited smaller differences in arousal between male and female stimuli compared to heterosexual and homosexual men.
A study by UC Davis finds that ground-mounted solar energy development in the Mojave Desert harms native plants, including cacti and Mojave yucca, culturally significant to indigenous tribes. Management options like 'halos' can conserve these species, but developing solar energy on undeveloped lands is more sustainable.
Researchers have discovered a single-letter change in DNA that alters the way zebrafish build their spines, leading to shorter bodies and tortured-looking spines. This mutation has similarities with fossil specimens of ancestral fish, revealing insights into spine evolution and development.
Researchers at Kansas State University have developed a method to visualize light-induced molecular ring-opening reactions using free-electron lasers. The study reveals the speed and mechanisms behind these reactions, which are essential for understanding biological processes like vitamin D formation.
A recent study reveals that Hurricane Lane's extreme weather conditions, combining heavy rainfall and fire hazards, exacerbated the storm's impact on the Hawaiian Islands. The research highlights the importance of considering both environmental and socioeconomic factors in assessing population vulnerability to natural hazards.
Scientists discovered oxytocin can reverse Aβ-induced impairments in mouse hippocampus, suggesting potential therapeutic option for Alzheimer's. Oxytocin's effect is mediated through oxytocin receptors, and blocking them eliminates its ability to reverse damage.
Researchers found that only an extremely small percentage of ingested microplastic particles made it into the fish fillets. The majority were excreted, suggesting that fish can isolate and remove these particles before they penetrate their tissues.
A study reveals that high-income neighborhoods emit significantly more GHGs for energy use due to larger homes and less dense communities. To achieve the Paris Agreement target, the authors suggest reducing floor spaces and increasing community density in low-carbon neighborhoods.
A Columbia data scientist aims to develop tools to manage demand with flexible options for consumers, converting their flexibility into operational efficiency for companies. He plans to create mathematical frameworks to optimize pricing and scheduling, benefiting both consumers and firms.
A Chinese phase 2 trial found that a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine is safe and induces an immune response in over 500 participants. The trial, which evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate, provides data on the efficacy of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Researchers found that regular physical activity is a safe approach for people living in polluted regions to prevent high blood pressure. High blood pressure risk increased with higher levels of air pollution, but each increase in physical activity level led to a lower risk.
A study published in the journal Gut found that people with periodontal disease may be at a higher risk of developing oesophageal and gastric cancer. The research examined data from over 98,000 women and men and found a 43-52% increased risk associated with periodontal disease.
The National Pediatric Rehabilitation Resource Center aims to promote clinical trials research in pediatric rehabilitation. The center will fund up to $150,000 per year for pilot studies and offer educational resources to support the growth of the field.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas have developed a new nano drug candidate that kills triple negative breast cancer cells. The discovery aims to target breast cancer cells directly, reducing adverse and toxic side effects associated with chemotherapy.
A strong cellular lining is essential for a healthy gut, and damage to it can cause painful symptoms. Monash University researchers have identified a key biomolecule, Neuregulin-1, that accelerates the repair of damaged tissue by prompting stem cells to regenerate.
Scientists have gained significant knowledge of rhinoceros parturition, enabling better birth management and obstetrics in zoological gardens. The study reveals the average duration of parturition is 7 hours and 38 minutes, with most births occurring head-first, resulting in a rapid final expulsion.
A new study from Brown University finds that both non-REM and REM sleep are essential for visual learning. During non-REM sleep, the brain exhibits increased plasticity, while during REM sleep, the brain undergoes stabilization, leading to improved memory consolidation.
A WVU professor is researching environmental factors that lead to THC accumulation in industrial hemp, a key issue for growers. He aims to develop a new crop system and genetically modify the plant to reduce THC production.
Researchers are developing an active bandage with integrated sensors to monitor and accelerate the wound healing process in real-time. The device will enable individualized interventions to accelerate healing through continuous sensing and actuation capabilities.
Researchers studied Telica Volcano, using photos collected from 1994-2017 and photogrammetric techniques to quantify changes in crater morphology. They found that crater wall collapse is a primary mechanism for changing volcano shape.
A study published in Nature Genetics confirms decades-old hypothesis that metastatic disease hijacks tissue-specific developmental programs. The researchers analyzed epigenetic data from patient-derived samples and identified thousands of sites across the prostate genome regulating gene expression.
A collaborative study of North America's Yukon River basin reveals profound increases in river erosion during abrupt global intensification of climate fluctuations about 2.6 and one million years ago.
Researchers have identified a specific type of neuron that plays an important role in gait recovery in mice, using machine learning to pinpoint the cells involved. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments for paralysis and advance biomedical research.
A University of Michigan study found that Michigan coyotes in the Upper Peninsula have a less meat-based diet due to coexistence with gray wolves. The researchers analyzed scat samples and gut microbiomes to determine the animal's position in the local food web.
A new nanoparticle vaccine, repRNA-CoV2S, has shown hints of protection and immunity in preclinical studies with mice and macaques. The vaccine elicited robust immune responses, producing antibodies and antiviral T cell responses, and demonstrated safety and efficacy.
Researchers developed a new mathematical model that incorporates environmental factors into predicting respiratory virus transmission, highlighting the importance of weather conditions on droplet spread. The model suggests that social distancing measures may not be sufficient to prevent transmission without masks in humid climates.
A recent study published in JNeurosci suggests that age-related hearing loss is primarily caused by the death of hair cells, rather than degradation of the cellular battery powering them. This finding contradicts previous assumptions and has significant implications for preventing or treating age-related hearing loss
A study from 2011 to 2016 found that transgenic corn can be less damaged by the western corn rootworm through crop rotation. The research suggests using multiple transgenic corn varieties as a strategy for reducing resistance.
Anomalous geomagnetic activity detected in South Atlantic Ocean, potentially hindering satellites due to increased solar particles. Volcanic rocks on Saint Helena island reveal variation in magnetic field directions higher than expected at the latitude.
QUT researchers have published a new method for detecting koalas in bushfire areas, using drones equipped with infrared cameras and an artificial intelligence algorithm. The system is more accurate and less invasive than traditional methods, providing a more reliable estimate of the population size.
Bird species at mid- to high latitudes have changed their breeding season durations over the last four decades. Climate change has influenced this shift, with some species contracting their breeding periods, typically breeding earlier and having shorter seasons.
The OneChain Immunotherapeutics spin-off aims to develop CAR-T therapies for rare leukaemia subtypes like coT-ALL, which affects children and has a poor prognosis. The spin-off is funded by €3M and will enable the transfer of research knowledge from academia to clinical use.
A new study found that police officers are at a higher risk of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) than the general public, with 38.9% reporting a TBI resulting in loss of consciousness. Officers with a history of TBI also experienced higher levels of post-concussion symptoms and mental health issues, including depression and PTSD.
New findings suggest mini-Neptunes may form as super-Earths with a rocky core surrounded by water in a supercritical state, challenging their previous classification as gas planets. Scientists propose that intense stellar irradiation causes a greenhouse effect, increasing the size of atmospheres and forming such planetary configurations.
A study found that national governments resist World Heritage 'in Danger' listings despite the sites being equally or more threatened than those already on the list. Low visibility strategies and industrial lobbying are prevalent in blocking environmental governance.
A rock core from Petrified Forest National Park has provided a continuous timeline of Earth's history from 225 million to 209 million years ago, shedding light on the Triassic dark ages. The analysis suggests two possible scenarios for the changes in the fossil record: gradual evolution or a powerful asteroid impact.
Researchers at Cranfield University are exploring ways to detect and prevent insider threats, including bribed employees using internal tools. Their latest research focuses on analyzing employee reports to improve organizational security knowledge.
A new species of darkling beetle larvae discovered in East Asia can degrade polystyrene, a material notoriously difficult to decompose. The larvae's unique gut flora contains a simple group of bacterial species that oxidize and change the surface property of polystyrene.
A high-level group of experts recommends strengthening federal nutrition research with improved coordination and investment to accelerate discoveries and reduce diet-related diseases. The new approach aims to generate critical science to rapidly treat and prevent diet-related diseases, improving public health and population resilience.
Juvenile crown-of-thorns starfish exhibit flexible diets, consuming a range of algae types and even biofilm to avoid starvation. This adaptability complicates age prediction and outbreak forecasting for the species, which poses a significant threat to coral reefs.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have identified a previously undiscovered domain of the T-cell receptor called RK motif. This discovery enables more precise control over T cells, potentially improving therapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers discovered a novel exciton state in magnetic van der Waals material NiPS3, which is intrinsically a quantum state arising from a transition between two energy states. This breakthrough has significant implications for the field of quantum information and computing.
A replicating RNA vaccine has shown robust immune response in both young and old animal models, producing antibodies comparable to those in people recovering from COVID-19. The vaccine's design avoids immune responses that could exacerbate the virus, instead inducing protective antiviral measures and T cells.
KAUST researchers used high-speed imaging to observe collisions between air bubbles and water surfaces, finding that the air-water interface is more mobile than expected. The team also developed a method using thin films of fatty acids to immobilize free water surfaces, drastically reducing bouncing.
A research team at KIST and TUB developed a nano-sized, coral-shaped silver catalyst electrode for high-efficiency carbon dioxide conversion. The new system can produce over 100 times more carbon monoxide than liquid-based systems, showing great promise for commercialization.
Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center discovered that increased blood sugar levels can impair aerobic fitness and muscle adaptation in mice and humans. Despite this, regular aerobic exercise is still recommended for maintaining health, especially when combined with dietary changes.
Researchers found persistent DNA methylation changes in blood cells and stem cells associated with metabolic memory and future diabetic complications. The study provides evidence of a link between epigenetics, glycemic history, and complication development, offering potential biomarkers for early intervention and prevention.
According to the study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, rocks on Earth are, on average, cube-shaped due to fragmentation processes. The researchers' findings suggest that this shape is statistically average and applies not only to Earth but also around the solar system.
The African Heart Rhythm Association (AFHRA) statement highlights barriers to effective pacing, including skilled implanter shortages and high device costs. Researchers propose solutions, such as improved local training and collaboration with governments to address these challenges.
Research at Umea University reveals that plant roots can cause the emission of 40 billion tonnes of carbon from permafrost by 2100 through the priming effect. This increase is significant enough to account for almost a quarter of the remaining 'carbon budget' for limiting global warming.
Scientists have generated near atomic resolution images of a viral protein complex responsible for replicating the RNA genome of positive-strand RNA viruses. The results provide mechanistic insights into the virus life cycle and aid development of new antivirals.
Researchers reconstructed Yellow River's middle reach runoff from 1492 to 2013 CE, finding lowest natural runoff during drought 1926-1932 CE. Human activity since 1980s decreased precipitation, increased observed runoff variability.
Acute aortic syndrome is a life-threatening condition with a high risk of misdiagnosis. The new Canadian guideline provides recommendations for identifying patients at low, moderate, and high risk, as well as diagnostic strategies for each group.
A study of dust from southeastern Iran reveals frequent plumes from the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa correlate with rapid southward shifts of westerly winds. This suggests North American ice sheets exerted a stronger influence on West Asian climate during North Atlantic cooling events.
Researchers at Beckman Institute develop label-free imaging to evaluate fertility in sperm samples, enabling faster and more accurate analysis. The technique uses phase imaging with computational specificity to predict parameters critical to fertility.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered bacterial organelles involved in gene expression, suggesting that bacteria may not be as simple as once thought. These findings could pave the way for a new generation of antibiotics to combat drug resistance.
A web-based database, Archaeal Proteome Project (ArcPP), collects and makes available datasets to further research on archaea, a domain of microorganisms. The platform provides easily accessible data and expertise for analyzing proteomics studies, yielding significant new insights into archaeal biology.
A study of Uruguayan children wearing silicone wristbands found an average of 13 pollutants, including industrial and agricultural chemicals banned in the US. The researchers detected pesticides like DDT and brominated flame retardants, highlighting concerns about long-term environmental and health impacts.