Researchers validate sEH enzyme inhibition to reduce neuroinflammation, improve endogen response and neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests sEH as a new therapeutic target with potential implications for other inflammatory pathologies.
A new study by UNLV political science professor Tiffiany Howard finds that Black business ownership is crucial for achieving economic parity and closing the racial wealth gap. Despite incremental growth, Black-owned businesses continue to lag behind others in terms of market share.
Researchers developed a scalable quantum state verification (QSV) method for entangled states using nonadaptive local measurements. The results demonstrate the efficiency and precision of QSV in characterizing quantum states, particularly for multipartite entangled states.
Researchers have discovered a new broad-spectrum method to treat human herpes viruses by targeting their physical properties rather than proteins. This approach prevents genes from leaving the virus and infecting cells, making it effective against resistant strains.
A team of Boston College researchers has developed a new approach to create synthetic layered magnets by manipulating non-magnetic atoms in chromium halides. This method enables tuning of magnetic properties, opening up new avenues for creating exotic magnets and innovative technologies.
A Phase III vaccine trial will be conducted at UC San Diego, recruiting up to 500 participants to assess the efficacy and immunogenicity of a Moderna-developed vaccine. The trial aims to demonstrate the vaccine's ability to prevent COVID-19 and severe symptoms, with results expected by end of year.
Researchers investigate how excessive exercise affects emotional states in people with eating disorders, aiming to develop personalized interventions. The study also seeks to understand individual differences in triggering excessive exercise and its impact on recovery duration.
Researchers have developed a tandem catalytic system that converts carbon dioxide to methanol with high activity and selectivity at low temperatures. By encapsulating multiple molecular catalysts in nanoporous metal-organic frameworks, the team achieved efficient transformation and recyclability of the catalysts.
A team of scientists at MIT and elsewhere has determined that a family of oddball meteorites likely came from an early planetesimal with a magnetic core. The discovery suggests that the diversity of the earliest objects in the solar system may have been more complex than previously thought.
Allison Redlich and Jodi Quas are studying the best ways to question victims of human trafficking through an anonymous survey of law enforcement's experiences. They aim to identify gaps in knowledge that can be addressed via additional resources.
Researchers identified TLR7 as an essential player in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Mutations in this gene can lead to severe illness, highlighting a potential link between genetic factors and COVID-19 severity.
A recent study by the FDNY World Trade Center Health Program found that emergency medical service responders and firefighters in New York experienced a significant increase in medical leave during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study compared this period to earlier times, highlighting the impact of the pandemic on these workers' health.
A new study found elevated levels of transforming growth factor beta-induced protein (TGFBIp) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, correlating with disease severity. The research suggests TGFBIp could serve as a viable therapeutic target to treat severe inflammation and cytokine storms in patients with severe COVID-19.
Researchers found 43% of Staphylococcus bacteria on exercise equipment were ampicillin-resistant, with 73% resistant to multiple drugs. Regular disinfection is crucial to maintain public health and prevent infections in communal areas.
A survey study in Italy explored individuals' knowledge, concerns, and behaviors regarding COVID-19. Key findings revealed significant variations in awareness, risk perception, and adherence to protective measures across different exposure zones.
A researcher at Northern Arizona University is developing small, inexpensive drones that can observe, understand and adapt to changing environments on their own. The goal is to enable these drones to perform complex missions, such as surveying in disaster areas and coordinating with other autonomous vehicles.
Researchers at Skoltech have designed a photosensitive bismuth complex that can be used as an advanced optically triggered material for memory devices. The device can switch between two quasi-stable electrical states in response to light and electric bias, enabling high-density data recording.
A meta-analysis of over 3,000 specimens found that sputum testing detected the COVID-19 virus at significantly higher rates than other methods. Early testing also increased rates of diagnosis. The study suggests that sputum testing could be a valuable method for diagnosing and monitoring COVID-19 patients.
Researchers discovered a rare single gene mutation in a patient that eliminated an immune cell population, namely MAIT cells. The study demonstrates the impact of a single gene mutation on the human immune system and advances personalized medicine.
Tropical Storm Hanna is consolidating and intensifying as it heads toward the Texas coast. The storm's minimum central pressure has increased to near 1000 millibars, with sustained winds of up to 45 mph.
Researchers found seaweed extracts to be more effective than remdesivir in blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection in mammalian cells. The decoy strategy involves locking onto a similar molecule on the surface of human cells, trapping and degrading the virus.
Researchers found no Candida auris acquisition in healthy US international travelers returning from international trips, suggesting low risk of transmission during travel. The study's results could lead to developing a detection system for high-risk populations.
Research suggests a hormone called leptin, which regulates appetite and metabolism, also plays a role in how the body fights off COVID-19. Elevated leptin levels can lead to a low-grade systemic inflammatory state, impairing the body's ability to fight infection, particularly in people with obesity.
The American Chemical Society Fall 2020 Virtual Meeting will take place online from August 17-20, with thousands of scientists and experts presenting on diverse fields including food, medicine, energy, and the environment. Journalists may apply for press credentials to access press conferences and embargoed press releases.
A new viewpoint piece in JAMA outlines key considerations for implementing chatbots in healthcare, including patient safety, trust, and transparency. The authors propose a framework to inform decision-making on chatbot implementation, emphasizing the need for robust evaluation and research.
Dr. Yuan's research program expands to include COVID-19, exploring tissue-specific biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. Her microvascular research has significantly advanced understanding of vascular barrier function and inflammation.
A new study published in Science found that COVID-19 lockdowns resulted in a 50% reduction in global seismic noise levels. The research used citizen science data from over 300 seismic stations worldwide, revealing the impact of physical distancing measures on seismology.
Alvin R. Womac, a professor at the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, has been recognized as an ASABE Fellow for his contributions to equipment systems for spray application technology and biomass logistics systems. His research has led to improvements in pesticide spray application safety and environmental impact.
The Roman mission's ground system has successfully completed its preliminary design review, meeting all requirements for science operations. The new data system will enable scientists to conduct sweeping cosmic surveys, yielding a wealth of new information about the universe, including insights into dark matter and dark energy.
Researchers from the Universities of Bonn and Opole have discovered a fossilized hand with five metacarpal bones in a Late Triassic temnospondyl, Metoposaurus krasiejowensis. This finding is significant because it challenges the long-held assumption that early ancestors of modern frogs and salamanders had only four fingers. The discove...
Researchers developed a computational algorithm to analyze noncoding mutations across five major pediatric cancers. The study identified 1,137 structural variants affecting over 2,000 genes, highlighting their potential as cancer-causing mutations.
Scientists at the University of Sheffield have discovered genetic mutations in MRSA that allow it to become highly resistant to antibiotics like penicillin. This finding reveals important details on how MRSA evolves resistance and provides insight into developing new treatments and drugs.
A study by the University of the Basque Country analyzed microfossils from 176 species of benthic foraminifera, identifying evidence of climatic events, including cold periods like Younger Dryas and warm intervals like Bolling-Allerod. The research provides insights into the biodiversity of the Bay of Biscay during the Quaternary period.
Researchers at Dartmouth have developed two new software techniques that can create more realistic lighting effects in computer-generated images. The new techniques focus on 'real-time' graphics, which need to maintain the illusion of interactivity as scenes change in response to user moves.
Curtin University researchers have discovered a new method for creating crystalline graphite using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, without the need for metal catalysts or special raw materials. The technique was developed by Master-level student Jason Fogg, who used short fast pulses to heat samples to extreme temperatures.
Researchers found ProCap DDGS contains more crude protein and amino acids than conventional de-oiled DDGS, and its standardized ileal digestibility is nearly all amino acids. The product also provides approximately 1,200 kcal per kilogram of metabolizable energy more than conventional DDGS.
Adult survivors of preterm birth may have impaired respiratory mechanics, making exercise and lung function more difficult. Researchers are studying the underlying causes to help clinicians accurately target treatment.
A new study led by IU School of Medicine aims to identify a biomarker that predicts wound recurrence in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. The goal is to develop an advanced approach to manage these wounds, potentially decreasing amputation rates nationwide.
A new national survey found that 27% of parents reported worsening mental health for themselves, while 14% reported worsening behavioral health in their children. The loss of regular child care arrangements also significantly impacted families, with 24% reporting a decline.
A new study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection drives the loss of smell by targeting non-neuronal cells in the nasal cavity. The virus expresses key genes in these cells, which are responsible for damage and anosmia.
Historical modelling analysis suggests that community-led interventions, including public hygiene initiatives and social distancing measures, played a crucial role in controlling the Typhus epidemic in the Warsaw Ghetto. The study highlights the importance of grassroots efforts in combating infectious diseases.
Scientists from IPC PAS develop holographic OCT tomography, capturing cornea in a fraction of a second with high resolution, without contact or anesthesia. This breakthrough technology enables sharper images even with micro-movement of the eye, revolutionizing diagnosis of eye diseases.
Researchers at USTC developed a hydrothermal deposition method for synthesizing antimony selenosulfide, which enables the creation of compact and flat films with high efficiency and stability. The material's tunable band gap and high extinction coefficient make it suitable for light-weight and portable electricity generation devices.
A systematic review of seven plant-based diets found that even small amounts of meat and dairy can be consumed while still experiencing a significant reduction in blood pressure. This study suggests that incorporating more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes into one's diet can lead to improved cardiovascular health.
A new study finds the COVID-19 pandemic is driving the adoption of electronic patient portals for epilepsy, enabling better care and resource management. The PiSCES portal provides secure access to medical records and care tools, empowering patients to track their condition.
Researchers have discovered a way to resolve the conflict between high strength and ductility in intermetallic alloys by introducing disordered nanoscale layers at grain boundaries. These nanolayers improve the alloy's strength with excellent thermal stability at high temperatures, opening up new possibilities for designing structural ...
A research team led by Sika Zheng identifies a mechanism that prevents death of neurons, which is triggered at neuron birth and is crucial for maintaining neural circuit integrity. The study challenges the notion that neuronal survival is determined extrinsically.
University of Rochester researchers have created a new device that enhances ultrafast laser pulses, producing the shortest pulse ever from a gain-free fiber source. The technology has significant implications for various engineering and biomedical applications, including spectroscopy and frequency synthesis.
A new study has provided the first global 'bottom-up' terrestrial carbon budget, estimating a net sink of -2.2 ± 0.6 Pg C y-1 between 2000 and 2009. The study reveals that a significant portion of carbon fixed in terrestrial ecosystems is lost through fires, emissions, and export to rivers, rather than being retained in the soil.
NASA's Aqua satellite identified strongest storms surrounding Hurricane Douglas' eyewall, with coldest cloud top temperatures as low as -70 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to move near or over the Hawaiian Islands this weekend, bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have developed a technique to detect minute amounts of p-tau-217, a protein fragment linked to Alzheimer's disease in the blood. The levels of this protein are elevated during the early stages of the disease and can accurately predict the presence of amyloid plaques in PET scans.
Research shows a correlation between epidemics in humans and local biodiversity loss, with the number of epidemics increasing as endangered species disappear. Livestock expansion worldwide exacerbates this risk, facilitating the transmission of pathogens.
Tropical Storm Gonzalo is expected to produce heavy rainfall, leading to life-threatening flash floods in Barbados and the Windward Islands. NASA's Aqua satellite gathered water vapor data on July 24, showing coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit.
The research team synthesized findings into a series of ten technical briefs highlighting best practices and lessons learned in bike share equity policies, data collection, metrics, marketing, and more. The two-page briefs are intended as a resource for bike share professionals and community partners.
Researchers have created an optical fiber made of agar derived from marine algae that is edible, biocompatible and biodegradable. The fiber can be used for body structure imaging, localized light delivery, and localized drug delivery in various medical applications.
Researchers are investigating the link between impaired brain hubs and mental health issues using cutting-edge methods. The study aims to understand how hub regions contribute to altered brain network function and behavior, potentially leading to better treatments for brain disorders.
A new study reveals that certain T lymphocytes can increase inflammation and worsen atherosclerosis cases, contrary to their usual role as immune system defenders. Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology are working to design a safe anti-atherosclerosis vaccine by harnessing the power of T cells.
Research highlights parallels between sci-fi author Frederik Pohl's works and modern world's consumer patterns, including hyper-consumption and ecological disaster. Dr Mike Ryder's study explores how Pohl's predictions are relevant today, with social media and augmented reality games mirroring his futuristic worlds.
Researchers used AI to predict bacterial infections in patients with pneumonia, enabling early antibiotic prescriptions. The analysis of over 50,000 ICU admissions data showed promising results in identifying MRSA and pseudomonas bacteria.
A new mRNA-based vaccine candidate, ARCoV, elicits protective immunity in mice and non-human primates, preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. The vaccine induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses, offering broad protection against different strains.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that spinal cord injuries in mice cause an acquired bone marrow failure syndrome contributing to chronic immune dysfunction. The study also discovered a potential treatment using the FDA-approved drug Plerixafor to mobilize cells from the bone marrow niche and restore immune function.
The sVNT can detect functional neutralising antibodies (NAbs) in an hour, differentiating them from binding antibodies (BAbs), without live virus or biocontainment facilities. It has high specificity and sensitivity, making it accessible for research and clinical applications.
A team of researchers at the University of Chicago has developed an AI-led process to design artificial proteins using big data and machine learning models. The breakthrough reveals relatively simple design rules for building artificial proteins, which performed chemistries rivalling those found in nature.
Biomedical engineers at Tufts University created nanoparticles that incorporate neurotransmitters to deliver therapeutic drugs and gene editing proteins across the blood-brain barrier. The innovation could overcome current limitations in delivering therapeutics into the central nervous system.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that patients with frailty, older age, and urinary tract infections have a higher risk of developing sepsis. Antibiotic therapy may reduce this risk, but unnecessary prescribing can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
A new study shows that increased summer rainfall in Alaska is degrading permafrost across the state. The research team took 2750 measurements of how far below the land's surface permafrost had thawed by the end of summer, finding that more rainfall led to deeper thaw across all sites.
The George Mason University Libraries are preserving the papers of James M. Buchanan through a National Endowment for the Humanities grant. The collection includes correspondence, publications, and other materials that chronicle Dr. Buchanan's life and academic career.
A Nature study identified 21 existing drugs that stop SARS-CoV-2 replication, including four that work synergistically with remdesivir. These compounds have potential for COVID-19 treatment and could provide affordable alternatives if the virus becomes drug-resistant.
A recent study by the University of Bath found that healthy adults can consume twice their normal calorie intake without experiencing immediate metabolic problems. The research revealed that blood sugar and lipid levels remained within normal ranges despite consuming large amounts of calories.
A new study by Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute found that individuals with cardiovascular disease risk factors who switched to high-deductible health plans did not experience an increased risk of heart attack or stroke. The researchers attributed this finding to the inclusion of low or no out-of-pocket costs for medications and p...
The City, University of London report emphasizes the need for social responsibility in STEM curricula and education. It proposes a range of calls to action to promote socially responsible STEM professionals, including establishing national policy centers, setting data ethics standards, and assigning leaders to drive the agenda.
A monthly vaginal ring containing the antiretroviral drug dapivirine is being considered as a new HIV prevention method for cisgender women in sub-Saharan Africa. The European Medicines Agency has adopted a positive scientific opinion on its use, paving the way for potential approval.
A recent study by Sandra Heldstab and colleagues found that primate species follow fixed neural development patterns when learning fine motor skills. Humans develop their abilities later than other primate species due to the less developed state of our larger brains at birth.
The number of heart transplants performed nationwide dropped 26% during the height of the pandemic compared to the prior 8 weeks. This decline occurred across regions and was similar to other health concerns like ICU bed availability.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus modifies its messenger RNA cap to evade cell recognition, leading to a new target for antiviral drugs. Researchers at UT Health San Antonio deciphered the structure of an enzyme involved in this process, providing a foundation for designing effective treatments.
A new study reveals that COVID-19 causes smell loss due to infection of nonneuronal supporting cells, not neurons. The research team found that olfactory sensory neurons are not vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection because they do not express ACE2, a key protein used by the virus to enter human cells.