A study by City University London's Business School found that countries with mandatory gender quotas have significantly higher female representation on their boards of directors compared to those with voluntary guidelines. The research also showed no deterioration in board quality, and even improvement, under mandatory regulation.
A team from the University of Kansas Center for Community Health and Development is tracking and assessing the countywide public health response to COVID-19. The initiative aims to reduce transmission and promote health in Douglas County, using a customized evaluation system to gather and interpret data.
Researchers have developed a rapid stress test to assess coral thermotolerance, allowing for the identification of resilient corals that can survive ocean warming. The 'Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System' (CBASS) enables on-site testing within 18 hours, compared to months in a laboratory.
A clinical trial is underway to test an immune booster, IMM-101, in cancer patients to prevent severe COVID-19. The study aims to boost the innate immune system and protect vulnerable populations from lung infections.
Researchers from OIST Graduate University discovered the crown-of-thorns starfish's evolution, shedding light on its population changes and potential threats to coral reefs. The findings suggest complex ocean currents in the Ryukyu Archipelago may aid the survival of the larvae.
A patient with COVID-19 developed late drug-eluting stent thrombosis, a serious cardiovascular complication. The case report highlights the need for careful monitoring and management of patients with COVID-19 to prevent such adverse events.
Researchers discovered that ancient shells were deliberately collected and strung together as beads, with evidence of ochre coloring treatment found on four out of five shells. This study provides insight into the origins of string-making technology, likely between 160-120,000 years ago.
A study aimed to develop and validate tools for assessing delirium severity in older patients, which could lead to improved prevention and treatment. Researchers identified a set of items capturing the severity of delirium and developed a new instrument for quick and easy administration.
Researchers at University of Göttingen use femtochemistry to film and control chemical reactions on solid surfaces. They successfully transfer principle from molecules to a solid, controlling its crystal structure with high efficiency.
A study from the NIH found that neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a superior blood biomarker for diagnosing and predicting traumatic brain injury. NfL was shown to distinguish patients with TBI from controls even months to years after injury, providing a potential diagnostic option.
A large randomized trial has found that endometrial scratch is not beneficial in women having their first cycle of IVF. The study involved over 1000 women under 37 years old and showed no significant difference in live birth rates between those who received endometrial scratch and those who did not.
A randomized trial of a multifactorial fall injury prevention strategy found an approximately 8-10% reduction in serious fall injuries, lower than expected. The study enrolled 5,451 people aged 70 and older and evaluated the effectiveness of a nurse-delivered intervention.
A new Medicaid payment model in Oregon reduced imaging services by 42%, allowing clinics to redirect resources towards more valuable patient care. The alternative payment model provided clinics with flexibility to reduce low-value services and explore new forms of care.
A team at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard developed a new molecular editor that can precisely edit mitochondrial DNA, enabling modeling of disease-associated mutations. The editor, engineered from a bacterial toxin, enables researchers to study genetic changes associated with cancer, aging, and more.
Biobased chemicals are being developed to replace petroleum-based products in various industries, including diapers, electronics, and automotive coatings. These new materials offer improved performance and sustainability, with potential applications in areas such as electronic touchscreen displays and emission-reducing coatings.
A study from the NIH confirms that neurofilament light chain in blood can detect brain injury and predict recovery across all stages of traumatic brain injury. The biomarker also showed strong diagnostic ability for sports-related concussions.
Researchers have discovered a new target and therapy to fight NAFLD, a major health issue affecting 25% of the world population. Using siRNA to silence MCJ protein, they found reduced liver steatosis and fibrosis in preclinical mouse models.
Scientists designed peptide nanoparticles that can fluoresce in a variety of colors, opening up new biomedical applications. The 12-peptide palette encompasses all visible light colors and is photostable without toxicity.
A recent study from Singapore found that early access to pension wealth improves overall health status. The researchers analyzed monthly survey data from 2015 to 2019 and discovered that individuals who accessed their pension funds before age 55 had better self-reported health status afterward.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University have developed an AI system that can accurately identify the location of malicious drone operators by analyzing their flight paths. The system achieved an accuracy rate of 78% in simulated tests, paving the way for further research and potential real-world applications.
Eugenia Trushina, Ph.D., Mayo Clinic Rochester researcher, receives $600,000 to develop new drug candidates restoring mitochondrial function in treating Alzheimer's. The ADDF-Harrington partnership aims to accelerate discovery into clinical studies for a potential cure.
A study by Rutgers University researchers suggests that the Asian longhorned tick in the US originated from at least three self-cloning females from northeastern Asia. The tick species has been linked to serious illnesses in other countries, but its impact on human health in the US remains unclear.
A systematic review led by McMaster University found that electronic cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than face-to-face sessions in treating depression. The study revealed no difference in patient satisfaction or function between the two methods.
Texas A&M researchers aim to create a continuous, non-invasive blood pressure monitor for nocturnal measurements, providing valuable insights into cardiovascular health. The wearable device uses bioimpedance sensors and advanced machine learning techniques to accurately track blood pressure fluctuations.
A clinical trial found that breast augmentation with ASC-enriched fat grafts resulted in significantly better outcomes compared to non-enriched grafts. The study showed improved retention rates and histological appearance of the grafts, making ASCs a promising tool for increasing graft success.
Researchers identified 37 supergenes in wild sunflower populations that govern the modular transfer of traits important for adaptation. These supergenes can be truly massive, with the largest comprising over 100 million base pairs and 1,819 genes.
A groundbreaking study published in Science Advances has identified five unique cell types associated with lung fibrosis, including a pro-fibrotic epithelial cell that drives the disease. The research also reveals high plasticity in lung cells, allowing them to transform into different types under certain conditions.
A team of scientists investigated an unusual wetland soil in California, discovering its peculiar properties that misled initial classification. By analyzing color, water content, vegetation, and chemical composition, they applied a new method to accurately classify the soil as hydric, crucial for conservation.
Researchers have developed a sustainable method to recover valuable nutrients from shrimp processing water, including protein and lipids, for use in food or feed. The technique combines food-grade flocculants with dissolved air flotation, capturing up to 98% of the protein present in the water.
A large-scale US study reveals associations between high levels of outdoor and artificial light at night with less sleep and increased risk of mood disorders among teens. Teens living in areas with high levels of outdoor artificial light tend to report later bedtimes and shorter sleep duration.
A new analysis found little evidence of negative impacts on parenting from smartphone use. At low levels of displacing family time, more smartphone use was associated with better parenting.
Researchers found that hyperactive immune cells aggravate heart valve disease by activating harmful inflammation due to shear stress. The study identified a potential drug target, Piezo-1, and showed that replacing the aortic valve has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Researchers assessed non-traditional mask materials, finding vacuum cleaner filters reduced infection risk by 83% for a 30-second exposure and 58% for a 20-minute exposure. N99 masks were found to be the most effective option, reducing average risk by 94-99%.
Scientists found at least 10 different lineages of fish that have adapted to live in highly toxic environments by tweaking the enzyme to prevent binding, and ramping up an existing detoxification mechanism. This challenges the idea that evolution would lead to different outcomes every time if it were rewound.
Researchers discovered a beneficial protein in good gut bacteria that reduces production of a chemical linked to clogged arteries. This interaction eliminates the compound's harmful effects, suggesting new therapeutic possibilities for this microbe.
A Rutgers-led study found that community and law enforcement partnerships can significantly improve PTSD screening and treatment for children who witness home violence. The Child Trauma Response Team model, which provides immediate outreach and victim safety assessments, showed a three-fold increase in child PTSD screens among families...
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have built an intelligent mobile robot scientist capable of working 24/7 and making decisions autonomously. The robot has discovered a new catalyst six times more active than traditional ones, expanding its capabilities to tackle complex chemistry problems.
A new AI-enabled gut-imaging device called SmartCap is being developed by the University of Saskatchewan to diagnose gastrointestinal cancers and bleeding. With its ability to generate location-specific data, SmartCap aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and potentially double cancer survival rates globally.
A UBC Okanagan researcher conducted a survey of 191 Grade 9 students to determine the extent they see themselves as kind in online and face-to-face interactions. The results showed that adolescents accomplish an average of 943 acts of kindness, with 94% completing three or more assigned acts.
Research reveals that cannabis exposure leads to dysfunction of glucose metabolism in astrocytes, compromising neuronal functioning and resulting in reduced social interactions. The study sheds light on the link between cannabis use and sociability, highlighting potential therapeutic solutions.
A study published in BMC Public Health suggests that extending US menthol cigarette flavor bans could encourage smokers to quit and lower smoking rates. The authors estimate that up to 45% of current US menthol smokers may quit in response to a ban, while some retailers continue to sell banned products.
Scientists have discovered previously unreported genetic and cellular changes in the lungs of people with pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating lung-scarring disease. The findings provide remarkable insights into the fundamental mechanisms driving disease pathology in PF and may aid the search for new ways to treat or prevent the condition.
A new study identifies a cancer cell hierarchy originating from a single type of cancer cell, which can be targeted to slow cancer growth. Rapidly dividing cancer stem cells are the earliest detectable cancer cells in the hierarchy and make a promising target for therapy.
A new study from UChicago found that rats are less likely to help a trapped companion if they are with other rats that aren't helping. However, the presence of confederate rats made of an antianxiety drug can actually increase helping behavior in duos and trios.
A new Oregon State University study using zebrafish found no significant health impacts from 5G radiofrequency radiation. Researchers exposed embryonic zebrafish to 3.5 GHz radiation and observed a modest impact on sound response, highlighting the need for further investigation.
A study found that animals who try to sound 'bigger' are often skilled sound learners. Researchers analyzed the sounds and body size of 164 mammals and discovered that those who fake their size are frequently good at learning new sounds. This discovery may provide insight into human speech evolution.
Researchers propose using an equivalency criterion to determine the old age threshold based on a fixed remaining life expectancy, which is consistent with the equivalency criterion. This approach highlights the need to reevaluate traditional measures of aging and provides a more nuanced understanding of population aging.
A major global systematic review has identified several jobs that may increase the risk of knee osteoarthritis, including agriculture, construction, and service work. The study found that workers in these industries are more likely to develop knee OA due to increased physical stress and repetitive activities.
Researchers at HKUST have discovered a new mechanism that regulates planar cell polarity, a process crucial for development and organ function. The study reveals a critical protein interaction that enables efficient delivery of PCP proteins to the cell surface, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
Scientists have found conclusive evidence of contact between ancient Polynesians and Native Americans from Colombia using genetic analysis. The research traced common genetic signatures of DNA back hundreds of years, resolving a long-standing debate about the two groups' interaction.
A new analysis found COVID-19 cases among prisoners are 5.5 times higher and death rate 3 times higher than the general population. The study analyzed 42,107 cases and 510 deaths in prisons from March to June 2020.
A major loss of grassland has occurred in Great Britain since 1990, with a net reduction of 7,668 km2 or 1.9 million acres, as woodland area increased by 5,236 km2 and urban areas expanded by 3,376 km2 between 1990 and 2015. The majority of this loss and increase occurred in Scotland and England respectively.
The project SAMAS - SHM created a reliable load and impact monitoring system, enabling the estimation of aerodynamic loads, detection of impacts, and quantification of damage. The system was tested successfully during test flights and ground tests, confirming its reliability.
A new study examines the emotional toll of COVID-19 on physicians, revealing a mix of hope and despair. The research finds that doctors often struggle with feelings of burnout and hopelessness despite their efforts to care for patients.
A new mapping approach based on near-infrared spectroscopy distinguishes between fat and muscle tissue in the heart, improving delivery and monitoring of ablation therapy. This could lead to increased efficacy and reduced complications for ventricular tachycardia patients.
A new solar-powered water purification technology uses a biomimetic hierarchical steam generator to produce clean drinking water from non-drinkable sources. The device achieves high evaporation rates and efficiency, making it a promising solution for water-scarce areas.
A study of young adults who experienced a heart attack found that quitting smoking within a year significantly reduces the risk of death from heart disease. Among those who quit, rates of death were more than 70% lower than among persistent smokers.
A small fossil jawbone from Alaska represents a rare example of juvenile dromaeosaurid dinosaur remains from the Arctic, providing clues to the history of dinosaur dispersal between continents. The study suggests that some dinosaurs likely nested in the far north, contradicting previous theories about their migration patterns.
A large, NIH-funded trial found that a nurse-managed, individually tailored falls prevention plan did not significantly reduce the risk of serious fall injuries in older adults. The study assessed the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention implemented by trained Falls Care Managers.
Researchers found that a dying brain can respond to sound even in an unconscious state, up to the last hours of life. The study used EEG to analyze brain activity from hospice patients and healthy controls, revealing similar responses to common and rare sounds.