A new study found that women living within six miles of oil and gas wells in California were 8-14% more likely to experience spontaneous preterm births. The study analyzed 225,000 births from 1998 to 2011 and focused on how exposure to wells may affect health outcomes.
A team of scientists has discovered key factors controlling the genome maintenance and replication of KSHV, a virus responsible for lymphatic vascular cancer. The study reveals that two central proteins regulate gene expression on DNA, supporting tumor formation and representing new therapeutic targets.
Researchers have identified a new strategy to tackle cancer by inducing toxic autophagy in tumor cells, resulting in cell destruction. The antitumor drug ABTL0812 has been shown to manipulate dihydroceramides, a group of cellular lipids, causing stress and ultimately leading to cancer cell death.
Researchers at Westmead Institute for Medical Research identified a unique subset of human cells involved in the immune response against hepatitis B. The discovery could lead to new treatments and improved vaccines for HBV infection.
Early oxygen accumulation in Earth's atmosphere dates back to 2.4 billion years ago, with volcanic gases likely holding it back until a less-oxidized mantle became more oxidized, allowing oxygen to flood the air.
A new study using crowd-sourced GPS data reveals signs of a rising mantle plume beneath the Eifel region in western Germany. The research suggests that this ancient volcanic system may still be active, posing an increased risk of seismic activity and volcanic eruptions.
Researchers at Virginia Tech propose that high-energy cosmic rays, rather than neutrinos, are responsible for the mysterious signals detected by the ANITA experiment. The team suggests that sub-surface firn, a dense layer of compacted snow, is causing the reflections.
Researchers have developed a new technique to create microcapsules that respond to changes in pH, useful for applications like anti-corrosion coatings. The technique uses emulsion templates and allows control over shell thickness, core volume, and capsule size.
The COVID-19 pandemic saw a dramatic drop in patients seeking care in emergency departments during March and April 2020. Social distancing measures and increased hand washing helped lower the transmission of viruses, while changes in epidemiology and healthcare policies also contributed to the decline.
Monk parakeets seem to understand where they fit in a dominance hierarchy and pick their fights accordingly, improving or maintaining their status. This ability helps animals make aggression decisions by processing different types of information.
The USPSTF recommends screening for unhealthy drug use in all adult patients, despite limited evidence on its effectiveness. While the practice may have some benefits, such as reducing stigma, it also poses risks, including exposure to stigma and poor counseling outcomes. Dr. Richard Saitz argues that alternative strategies should be d...
A new mathematical model estimates regional disease burden and vaccination impact, identifying priority areas for future vaccinations. The analysis suggests that more than 300,000 JE cases were prevented globally due to vaccination between 2000 and 2015.
Scientists at Linköping University develop a graphene-based photoelectrode that converts carbon dioxide to methane, carbon monoxide, or formic acid using solar energy. The technique could contribute to renewable energy development and reduce fossil fuel combustion's environmental impact.
Research at DZNE reveals that experience encoding neurons interfere with memory containing neurons, disturbing recall of memories. Healthy mice and those with Alzheimer-like pathology were used to explore novel environments, showing a difference in brain activity.
A new study from the University of Georgia has found that exposure to a banned flame retardant can alter the genetic code in sperm, leading to major health defects in children. The research focuses on paternal exposure prior to conception and uses a unique combination of observational and laboratory approaches.
Researchers have developed a DNA-based method to identify food components and specify their origin. The technique used k-mers for analysing genomic DNA data, allowing for the quick identification of plant or bacterial DNA in food samples.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have detected fractional electronic charges in topological insulators, a breakthrough that could lead to more efficient and robust devices. The discovery was made using specially designed microwave resonators, which allowed the researchers to measure the signature of these fractional charges.
Researchers challenge long-held idea that magma chambers are composed mostly of crystals. A new study reveals large basaltic magma chambers may be entirely liquid-dominated.
Researchers discovered a link between small airways and increased COPD risk in non-smokers. People with smaller airways relative to their lungs may have lower breathing capacity, making them more susceptible to COPD.
A Finnish study used machine learning to analyze the economic burden of alcohol use disorders, finding that patients with multiple chronic conditions faced significantly higher care costs. The study highlights the importance of rehabilitation services and non-alcohol related treatment for individuals with alcohol use disorders.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a method to identify functional mutations in non-coding regions that contribute to the development of glioblastoma. The study reveals that specific mutations in these regions can disrupt gene regulation and lead to cancer progression.
Researchers developed a metal-organic framework material that sensitizes lanthanide ions, allowing for unprecedented imaging in tissues. The material enables longer-lasting luminescence, providing a time advantage for studying biological systems.
A study by McMaster University researchers found that higher heat and humidity levels can slow the spread of COVID-19, but longer hours of sunlight are associated with a higher incidence of the disease. This suggests that sunny days may tempt people out more, increasing infection risk.
A new study by McGill University explores the wide-ranging, negative consequences of social isolation on human psychology and physical health. The research reveals that strong interpersonal relationships are critical for survival across the lifespan, while social isolation is a significant predictor of mortality and morbidity.
A special issue of Austral Ecology celebrates the work of Professor Mike Bull, a leading expert in lizard behavior and ecology. The issue features 12 new studies on species like pygmy bluetongues and sleepy lizards, exploring topics such as parasites, environmental change, and sociality.
Researchers reprogrammed T-cells to recognize proteins as part of the body, preventing autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis. The study's findings have important implications for treating autoimmune conditions and may lead to advances in overcoming autoimmunity.
Research from Stockholm University and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust shows that human eggs use chemical signals to attract sperm. The study found that different women's eggs attract different men's sperm, not necessarily their partners. This phenomenon allows the egg to choose high-quality or genetically compatible sperm.
A new study reveals that chemotherapy and cancer contribute to the development of neuropathy, a condition affecting millions of cancer patients. Researchers found that cancer itself causes significant distress to neurons, while chemotherapy amplifies this effect, leading to more severe trauma.
A seven-year field experiment found no discernible difference in Oregon slender salamanders on recently harvested tree stands compared to older stands. The study highlights the importance of downed wood in detecting both species.
Researchers in Brian Strahl's lab reveal that different chemical modifications of a single amino acid residue on histones can have unique and shared functions in gene expression and DNA repair. They found that specific methylation states on histones regulate diverse chromatin functions, including responding to stress conditions.
Researchers from NUS and Stanford found that people with a strategic mindset ask themselves 'How else can I do this?' when faced with challenges, leading to effective strategies and improved performance in educational, professional, health and fitness goals. A strategic mindset can be taught through training and practice.
A study of 13 black male heart transplant patients with COVID-19 reveals higher rates of mortality and critical illness compared to non-transplant recipients. The researchers call for further research on racial and gender disparities in COVID-19 and its management in immunosuppressed patients.
A new biohybrid model, developed by Ellen Roche and colleagues, accurately represents the interplay between the abdomen, diaphragm, lungs, and pleural space. The model enables precise tuning of pressure in each part of the system, allowing for the testing of various disease conditions and ventilator options.
Researchers are exploring areas of landscape less prone to disturbances like fire and drought, known as disturbance refugia, to understand why change doesn't occur as quickly in some landscapes. These refugia may hold the key for conserving forest landscapes and biodiversity in a changing climate.
A new study found that chicks' distress calls can predict flock-level behavior, growth rate, and mortality rate, making it a potential 'iceberg indicator' for welfare issues. The researchers developed a simple method to measure these calls, which could act as an early-warning signal to farmers.
Scientists have identified the ancient origin of key hormones essential for human reproduction, metabolism, and immune function in simple creatures like sea cucumbers. This breakthrough study suggests that these hormone systems predates the evolution of the spinal cord in animals.
A new study urges judges to scrutinize algorithmic risk assessment tools used in criminal cases due to biases and weak statistical evidence. The review recommends three steps: fitness, accuracy, and reliability assessments to ensure the tool's relevance, performance, and trustworthiness.
A study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters found that halogenated flame retardants from old TVs can be transferred to hands, cell phones, and indoor air, posing a health risk. Frequent handwashing is essential to reduce exposure to these toxic chemicals.
Researchers found that parasitic fungi infect cyanobacteria, reducing their growth and making them easier prey for small organisms. The fungi also serve as a food supplement for zooplankton, connecting different levels of aquatic food webs.
Researchers at NUI Galway have discovered a key role for CDC7 in cancer cell replication, providing new insights into developing novel treatments. The study found that blocking CDC7 could be an effective strategy for treating aggressive cancers like pancreatic and colon cancer.
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine in nuclear cardiology, enabling continued service during outbreaks. Nuclear medicine also offers potential for repurposing pharmaceuticals and developing new treatments targeting different aspects of the virus.
Research finds COVID-19 survivors may experience respiratory, exercise capacity problems, mental health issues like PTSD and anxiety. Long-term rehabilitation services are crucial for optimal recovery and quality of life.
A study by So Yoshikawa and Daisuke Matsunaka from Shinshu University elucidates the mechanism of non-basal slip systems in magnesium alloys, leading to improved ductility. The team used molecular dynamics simulations to analyze defect nucleation from I1-type stacking faults.
Researchers found that migratory shorebirds rely on the upper tidal flats closest to dry land for food and energy, which are often lost to development. This study suggests a new approach to conserving endangered species by focusing on preserving these high-value habitats.
Researchers analyzed 23 years of data on native tallgrass prairie and crop-livestock systems in Oklahoma, finding that cropping systems increased nitrogen and phosphorus levels. The study highlights the importance of long-term research in understanding land management impacts on water quality.
A high-salt diet has been found to have a significant impact on the health of the gut microbiome and blood pressure in adults with untreated hypertension. In a six-week study, participants who reduced their sodium intake experienced increased levels of short-chain fatty acids and lower blood pressure.
A new study estimates that a national calorie menu labeling law will prevent tens of thousands of new heart disease and type 2 diabetes cases over five years. The law is expected to produce $10-14 billion in healthcare cost savings and another $3-5 billion in societal cost savings.
PDM Analysis has introduced SCORG alto, a cloud-based mechanical analysis software tool that improves compressor efficiency. The new platform is accessible through any smart device and boasts several advantages over its predecessor.
Researchers developed a new metric called Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) to measure the value of nature's contributions to economic activity. GEP accounts for benefits like clean water and climate security, informing investments in securing them and evaluating policy performance.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that individuals with sarcopenic obesity had a similar prevalence of metabolic syndrome as those without sarcopenia. The study also did not detect an association between the presence of sarcopenic obesity and an increased risk of metabolic syndrome.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are studying the 1918 flu pandemic to identify similarities and differences with COVID-19. The study aims to provide valuable insights into the spread of infectious diseases, social circumstances, and socioeconomic conditions.
A recent study reveals that micro-bumps on butterfly wings, combined with a nanoscale wax layer, shatter and spread raindrops to minimize damage. This natural defense mechanism reduces the impact force on delicate surfaces, protecting against physical harm and hypothermia risk.
The B61-12's compatibility with the F-15E was successfully demonstrated through a series of flight tests. The tests showed that the refurbished bomb worked as expected, with precision accuracy and proper functionality, increasing confidence in its reliability. The results meet all requirements for performance and safety.
A new study from UC Riverside asserts the world population may have much more in common than it has differences. The research, which included data from 15,318 members of university and college communities, found that people within countries are more similar than expected, while those across different countries exhibit smaller differences.
A new study reveals a network of genes that regulates the formation of the trachea and oesophagus in mice, providing insight into birth defects and potential treatments. The findings identify new genes essential for development, paving the way for lab-grown tissue to replace defective structures.
A new study found that people with small airways relative to their lungs' volume are at increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) regardless of smoking habits. Individuals with smaller airways had the poorest lung function and were 8 times more likely to develop COPD.
KAIST researchers developed an algorithm for automated 3D brain imaging data analysis, enabling precise and quantitative mapping of complex neural circuits. The new technology allows for accurate comparison of brain data from different animals and improves the accuracy and consistency of analysis results.
Researchers have uncovered a 35-metre long triangular platform in northern Saudi Arabia, built in several phases between 6500 and 4500 BC. The discovery suggests that this monumental structure was used for ritual practices, including funerary and commemorative ceremonies.
A new analysis of the Framingham Heart Study found that brain bleeds called intracerebral hemorrhages remained stable in incidence among all age groups over the past 30 years. However, they increased in people 75 and older, with a threefold increase in seniors taking anticoagulants. The study suggests that thinners could be a factor, b...
A new report by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory suggests that marine renewable energy devices are unlikely to cause harm to marine animals or environments. The study found that small numbers of operational devices may not significantly affect marine ecosystems, but further research is needed to confirm this.