Researchers have developed a new photocatalyst that can generate hydrogen from water with high efficiency, using nanoscale metal oxide sheets and a ruthenium dye molecule. The material works under visible light, the main component of sunlight, and has a record-breaking turnover frequency and external quantum yield.
Researchers found that embryo culture is associated with placental abnormalities, preeclampsia, and abnormal fetal growth. Optimizing embryo culture is key to ensuring healthy outcomes for mothers and offspring.
A USask-led partnership has been awarded $2.5 million to increase climate change education, training, and public awareness globally. The six-year Monitoring and Evaluation of Climate Change Education project will develop a standard set of quality education indicators and train students and policy makers.
A new study emphasizes the need for international cooperation on CO2 removal to meet Paris Agreement targets. Countries must allocate quotas fairly and consider trading with countries that can fulfill their obligations, as only a handful can do so alone.
An observational study tracked stroke cases caused by intracerebral hemorrhage from 1948 to 2016. The rate of this deadly type of stroke decreased significantly during the 10-year period, contradicting previous findings.
A large study of middle-aged women found that physical activity helps slow the decline in muscle mass during menopausal transition. The research, conducted by the University of Jyväskylä, measured muscle size in perimenopausal and postmenopausal states.
Research in Massachusetts found that disclosure laws resulted in a decline of 31-56% in the prescription of certain branded medications and 25-33% in generic prescriptions. The study suggests that physicians may be more motivated to switch to generic alternatives due to self-monitoring.
Scientists at University of Colorado Denver create complex, porous lattice structure using liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) to mimic cartilage and other biological tissues. The material exhibits exceptional elasticity and dissipation capabilities, making it suitable for applications in football helmets and spinal implants.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have developed a strategy to identify regions of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to target with a vaccine, employing cancer immunotherapies. They prioritize viral targets based on their ability to stimulate a lasting immune response, predicted to be in the vast majority of the human population.
Researchers used cognitive science methods to test philosophical question: Can people see the world objectively? They found that people can't separate an object's true identity from their own perspective, even when certain it's round. This challenge our understanding of perception and the brain's role in shaping reality.
A new study from the University of Bath found that regulation can trigger significant benefits for micro firms, including new business opportunities and strategies. The research suggests that regulation can protect existing markets and ensure a level playing field across the industry.
Researchers found parents with better communication and lower discouragement were more likely to participate in family meals, leading to healthier habits. The study also highlighted the importance of open communication about children's weight without promoting unhealthy body image.
A new study found that cancer cells adapt by gobbling up fat molecules from their environment when they can't make their own, potentially rendering treatments ineffective. The research identified a new gene, LUR1, involved in lipid uptake and suggests targeting this process could lead to more effective cancer treatments.
China experienced a warm year in 2019, with mean temperature 0.79°C above normal and annual rainfall 2.5% above normal. Disaster risks were reduced, leading to less economic loss and fewer fatalities.
Scientists uncover role of Rab35 and mTOR signaling pathway in myelin sheath formation, offering potential treatment for CMT4B patients. The study provides new insights into the molecular basis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a leading inherited neuropathy.
The study, published in Journal of Mental Health, demonstrates the positive clinical outcomes of NewAccess in addressing known barriers to access of evidence-based early intervention for depression and anxiety in Australia. The program offers free therapy with no co-payment, accessible by phone, face-to-face, or self-referral.
A new species of riffle beetle, Podonychus gyobu, is described from Kyushu, Japan, with a disjunct distribution across the equator to Indonesia. The genus was previously known only in Indonesia and has a unique characteristic of having six-segmented antennae.
Researchers developed single-cell yolk-shell capsules with high biological activity and stability, addressing limitations in industrial reactors. The capsules exhibit size-dependent permeability and molecular recognition abilities, enabling enhanced cell survival and viability.
The American Roentgen Ray Society reaffirms its mission to improve health through a community of allies dedicated to knowledge and quality care for all. Recent events highlighting racial injustice in the US healthcare system have prompted ARRS to reiterate its commitment to addressing these inequities.
New research reveals consistent patterns in permafrost soils across Alaska's North Slope, allowing scientists to predict how carbon and greenhouse gases are released. The findings will help improve climate models by providing direct permafrost soil information, filling a knowledge gap that has been around for 30 years.
A new study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center researchers found that opioid prescriptions after childbirth are associated with a higher risk of overdose and persistent use. Over 160,000 pregnant women were followed for their opioid prescription filling rates after delivery.
Researchers discovered an overabundance of KLK6 protein can produce skin inflammation in psoriasis, while normalizing its level can eliminate it. They also found that KLK6 plays a key role in damaging joints and bones in people with the disorder.
A new study by Cranfield University reveals that zinc alloys outperform aluminum and magnesium alloys in terms of sustainability and part lifespan. The research highlights the need for manufacturers to consider the environmental impact of their materials, even if cost is a consideration.
Rice University scientists developed an easy and affordable tool to count and characterize nanoparticles using the open-source SEMseg program. The tool simplifies nanoparticle analysis by extracting pixel-level data from low-contrast SEM images and recombining it into sharp images.
A new study finds that temperate insects are as threatened by climate change as tropical species due to their inactive periods. The researchers analyzed insect populations and found temperatures close to optimal or critical limits, risking population decline and ecosystem disruption.
A study found that 36% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients had heart damage, leading to a three times higher risk of death. Patients with mild myocardial injury still faced a 75% higher risk of death compared to those with normal levels.
Researchers at A*STAR in Singapore have identified a potential biomarker, GSTT1, to screen the quality of donor's stem cells before harvesting. This biomarker can help determine the growth capacity and potency of MSCs, which is crucial for effective stem cell therapies.
Researchers used subannual precision radiocarbon dating to analyze tree rings in the Por-Bajin monument, revealing a sudden increase in atmospheric 14C in 775 CE. The analysis allowed them to pinpoint the exact year and season of construction as summer 777 CE.
A multivariate analysis of sea level data reveals that barystatic and steric contributions drive most interannual variability in GMSL, with ENSO playing a significant role. The study highlights the magnitude of these contributions associated with ENSO events.
Characterized by predominant tubulo-interstitial injury, the study highlights the importance of follow-up nephrological care to prevent long-term complications
Research published in Nature Genetics found that the three-dimensional structure of the human genome is essential for a rapid and robust inflammatory response. The discovery sheds light on the fundamental relationship between genome folding and cell function, highlighting the importance of architectural proteins like CTCF.
Researchers used co-clustering analysis to study the spatio-temporal differentiation of spring phenology in China. The results revealed three spatial patterns and five temporal patterns, with most areas in China exhibiting a stable state, while northern regions showed fluctuating trends.
A new algorithm has been developed to select breast cancer patients in need of urgent surgery or chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The algorithm uses data from international trials to identify postmenopausal patients with primary ER+HER2- breast cancer who have less endocrine-sensitive tumours and should be prioritized for ear...
A new study suggests replacing GDP with Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) can provide decision-makers with clear and compelling evidence of the value of nature. The study, conducted in China's Qinghai province, found that GEP was greater than GDP in the year 2000.
Researchers analyzed agricultural systems using multiomics approach and found that organic nitrogen fuels plant growth. They also discovered differences in bacteria in the rhizosphere, which make nitrogen available to plants.
Researchers have used a recently developed radiocarbon dating method to determine the exact construction date of an eighth-century Uyghur complex in southern Siberia. The findings suggest that the complex was built as a Manichaean monastery, explaining its abandonment, and provide new insights into the purpose of this archaeological site.
Astronomers have discovered a region around a protostar containing complex organic molecules, dubbed a 'hot corino,' which is crucial for the formation of life. The finding resolves a long-standing puzzle about why some binary systems show evidence of hot corinos but not others.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology devised a new analytical tool to predict flood risk by adapting a classical statistical model for analyzing extreme rainfall in large datasets. The model demonstrated potential in capturing observed patterns in northeast America, promising improved prediction capabilities.
Oncology pharmacy practitioners worldwide are struggling with limited and restricted PPE supply, making it difficult for them to provide high-quality cancer care. In a study, half of the surveyed countries reported impaired access to essential medications, including anti-infective agents and anticancer medications.
Researchers have created the first global map of rockfalls on the Moon, revealing that asteroid impacts are responsible for over 80% of observed rockfalls. The map, based on over two million images, shows that even ancient lunar surfaces continue to be affected by erosion through rockfall.
A recent study found that hospitalized NYC COVID-19 patients had higher rates of kidney complications and needed mechanical ventilation more frequently than other patient groups. The study analyzed data from over 1,000 patients treated at NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center between March and April 2020.
Autoimmune diseases, common in the US after cancer and heart disease, are a mystery due to compromised tolerance. A $1.95M NIH grant will fund research to understand why the immune system attacks its own body.
Researchers from GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam found that the rotation of the Victoria microplate is controlled by the configuration of weaker and stronger lithospheric regions. They used 3D numerical models to compute the dynamics of the last 10 million years, showing a best fit with GPS-derived data.
Researchers repurposed two ED medications to boost bone health, with tadalafil and vardenafil enhancing bone formation and preventing resorption. The findings suggest a potential new therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis treatment.
Seagrass meadows provide valuable ecosystem services, including carbon storage, fish nurseries, and storm protection. However, their decline threatens global food security and biodiversity, with an estimated 7% of seagrass habitat lost worldwide each year.
Artificial neural networks became unstable after continuous unsupervised learning, but exposure to Gaussian noise mimics slow-wave sleep stabilized them. This finding has implications for the development of biologically realistic AI systems.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have successfully synthesized a non-natural fluorinated amino acid using a novel computer-assisted method. The Artificial Force Induced Reaction (AFIR) method predicts feasible reaction pathways, significantly reducing synthesis time and cost, with yields of up to 99.99%.
A new gene has been discovered that reduces pollen number in plants, a trait previously thought to be detrimental. The RDP1 gene promotes protein production, suggesting a potential advantage in self-fertilizing species.
The Women's Preventive Services Initiative recommends screening for anxiety in women and adolescent girls to detect specific types of anxiety and co-occurring conditions. Researchers found strong evidence that screening instruments are moderately to highly accurate.
Researchers found that Rhesus monkeys avoid lifeless monkey faces but show social facial expressions towards a natural-looking avatar with fur and details. The study suggests using this type of avatar in social cognition studies for standardization and replicability.
Researchers found that 40.2% of advanced cancer patients experienced functional impairment upon hospitalization, leading to longer stays and worse outcomes. Interventions addressing this issue could enhance care delivery and outcomes for highly symptomatic patients.
A new method for creating digital replicas of rock samples is being developed by geoscience researchers at the University of Texas at Austin. This technique allows scientists to learn about rock samples without touching them and can be used to calculate important rock properties such as permeability and electrical conductivity.
Researchers discovered that nanometer-scale antimony crystals form hollow structures during charging, allowing more ion flow and improving battery performance. The self-hollowing structures could also be used in sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries, expanding material options for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries.
A new microscopy technique has pinpointed the locations of individual proteins within bacterial cells, revealing their precise positions and interactions. The technique, called CIASM, combines fluorescent imaging with cryogenic electron tomography to produce high-resolution images of molecules in their cellular neighborhoods.
Researchers analyzed atmospheric arsenic concentrations from 2005 to 2015, finding the highest levels in Chile and eastern China. The study highlights the growing health risks posed by airborne arsenic in India, surpassing China's levels by 2015.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that boys' poor reading skills in adolescence, combined with social attitudes about women attending college, can explain why fewer men than women enroll in higher education. The research analyzed data from over 400,000 boys and girls across 18 countries.
A recent study analyzed 50 COVID-19-related apps and found that most require access to users' personal data, but only a few indicate secure storage. The researchers warn that governments' use of tracking technology could lead to mass surveillance and chilling effects on individual privacy.
Scientists used complex network theory to analyze nuclear reaction networks, identifying stable nuclides and patterns in thermonuclear reactions. The study revealed that certain reaction patterns fade away or change shape as the number of protons reaches a certain threshold.
Researchers found that people are often unaware of color removal from their visual periphery in virtual reality, suggesting limitations to human color awareness. The studies used 178 participants and revealed that peripheral color detection is less accurate than previously believed.
Functional star-shaped polymers exhibit improved thermostability, making them suitable for medical diagnostics and targeted drug delivery. The study establishes a relationship between the synthesis conditions and the structure of the obtained compounds.