Researchers at North Carolina State University have demonstrated that composite metal foams can withstand extreme temperatures, passing the simulated pool fire test with flying colors. The material's performance was predicted using a model developed by the team, which showed accurate results within 10 degrees Celsius.
A new study by UCL and Harvard researchers found that halving warming by adding aerosols to the stratosphere could moderate important climate hazards in almost all regions, with only a small fraction experiencing increased climate change. The approach should be considered as a complementary measure to emissions cuts.
New research suggests that statin therapy may protect against heart damage caused by certain breast cancer therapies. A population-based study found a significantly lower risk of treatment-related heart failure among women taking statins while receiving anthracyclines or trastuzumab.
A new study found that a novel peptide antagonist given in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor is safe and well-tolerated in patients with advanced, refractory pancreatic and rectal cancer. The highest dose tested resulted in no adverse events leading to the recommendation for use in future trials.
Researchers discovered hundreds of fossilized rodent pellets at La Brea Tar Pits, dating back ~50,000 years. The find provides a unique glimpse into the past climate and ecosystems of Ice Age Los Angeles.
A meta-analysis of 58 studies involving over 7,500 students found that seductive details can lower learning outcome measures. The analysis suggests that students' attention is diverted towards irrelevant information, leading to decreased performance. However, good details can still engage students if they are pertinent to the topic.
A recent investigation found that approximately one-third of people with heart failure are not being screened for iron deficiency, leading to avoidable hospital stays and increased costs. The study estimates that this undermanagement results in an additional £21.5 million per year spent on managing co-morbid patients.
Scientists demonstrate multi-nanosecond lasing at room temperature using novel direct-indirect semiconductor heterostructures. The novel material structure and high-quality cavity contribute to a low lasing threshold of just 6uJ/cm^2.
Researchers found that white men between 30 and 39 are most at risk of fatal overdoses, followed by black men ages 30 to 39. The study identified 12 clusters or hot zones across Ohio where opiate-related mortalities are highest.
A research team, including Penn State and Microbiotix, aims to develop a novel oral antibiotic targeting the trans-translation pathway of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The project has received $2.86M in funding from CARB-X to optimize and develop a new compound into an effective treatment for drug-resistant gonorrhea.
Two research collections showcase new tools using genetic analysis and geospatial technology to detect and track invasive species. The collections provide insights into the practical implications of these innovative solutions for improved management of invasive species.
A team of scientists has developed a nature-inspired design for artificial photosynthesis, capable of generating large sources of renewable energy using CO2. The system consists of nanoscale tubes that mimic the structure of living photosynthetic cells, allowing for efficient conversion of sunlight into fuel.
Scientists at NTU Singapore have developed a way to turn pollen into soft and flexible microgel particles, which could serve as building blocks for new eco-friendly materials. The resulting pollen-based particles show promise for applications such as wound dressing, prosthetics, and implantable electronics.
A new study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that organizational supports for nurse practitioners enhance their ability to deliver patient-centered care. NPs working in good practice environments were more likely to integrate patient preferences into care compared to those in mixed or poor environments.
The researchers demonstrate a novel type of supercapacitor that can store energy like a battery but with some key differences. It stores energy through charge separation and cannot create its own electricity, making it perfect for short, high-power applications.
The Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has established a Rare Disease Clinical Outcome Assessment Consortium with the FDA's support. The consortium aims to accelerate the development of new medical products for rare diseases by creating and curating a resource of information on publicly available clinical outcome assessments.
A new study has found that current flood risk estimates rely on inadequate methods for calculating damage, which match poorly with observations. A beta distribution characterizes building damage at a given flood depth, revealing a high-variability relationship between depth and damage.
Scientists developed a new method to investigate plasmonic activity during tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. This enables real-time optimization of experimental conditions, improving the usability of TERS for biological samples.
Researchers have created a 3D phononic crystal that hosts symmetry-enforced Dirac points at the Brillouin zone corners. These points exhibit conical dispersion and vanishing density of states around them, making the material an ideal platform for simulating relativistic Dirac physics.
Researchers have created a nanoscale laser made of gold and zinc oxide, which can precisely localize and amplify incident laser light. The hybrid nanomaterial has the potential to be used as ultrafast optical switches or transistors in future optical computers.
Mahima Saxena, PhD, has been honored with the SIOP Humanitarian Award for her sustained efforts in improving lives through I-O science. Her research focuses on marginalized workers and has influenced public health policies and policy recommendations.
A study of over 99,000 postmenopausal women found that consuming 58-74 grams of protein per day significantly reduced the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. Increasing protein intake by 10-20 grams daily can potentially lower this risk and has implications for cardiovascular health.
The study provides detailed molecular maps of interaction patterns between a GPCR and different G protein subtypes, revealing key features that govern G protein specificity. The sixth transmembrane helix adopts a similar outward shift in the two G protein-bound GCGR structures, forming a common binding cavity to accommodate Gs and Gi.
New research by IIASA reveals that tropical forest ecosystems' strength as global carbon sinks depends on multiple interacting factors, including species diversity, soil type, and climate. The study found that abiotic and biotic factors interact to determine the amount of carbon stored by the ecosystem.
A new oral poliovirus vaccine is urgently needed due to ongoing mutant polio outbreaks. The current OPV2 formulation's continued use contributes to transmission and outbreaks, prompting the need for a novel serotype 2 vaccine.
A study by the American College of Cardiology found that people who took more steps daily, as tracked by their smart watch, had lower blood pressure on average. The research used data from over 638 participants who wore an Apple Watch for about five months.
The Learning to Synthesize (LS-DNN) approach splits input signals into low and high spatial frequency bands, enabling deep neural networks to process and synthesize them. The algorithm is robust in handling noisy intensity signals, making it suitable for applications like x-rays and sonograms.
A comprehensive review of US social policies found that early life and education interventions can reduce smoking by 8%, while income support and health insurance programs show the most promise in improving population health. However, some studies showed no health impact, highlighting the need for careful policymaking.
Researchers from Light Publishing Center demonstrated an on-chip single-mode CdS nanowire laser with high coupling efficiency, achieving lasing at approximately 518.9 nm with a linewidth of 0.1 nm and side-mode suppression ratio of 20.
Researchers found that micro RNAs, like miR399, play a crucial role in regulating stomatal pore development and density in response to environmental cues. The study could lead to strategies for improving crop productivity by adjusting stomatal pore density.
Performing postdilation after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes may improve intracoronary nitrate infusion rates, myocardial blush grade, and drug-eluting stent use. However, it does not predict final TIMI flow grade or major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
Researchers found that starlings sleep five hours less per night during the summer and two hours less under full-moon nights. This study provides new insights into flexible sleep regulation in birds, highlighting the importance of natural conditions for understanding sleep patterns.
A new mass cytometry technique has identified key proteins in blood cancer cells, revealing why some cells are resistant to standard anti-cancer drugs. The research team hopes to apply this protocol to clinical trials to better understand why some cancers are resistant to therapies and match patients with more effective treatments.
A new neurodegenerative disorder has been discovered in children, characterized by developmental regression and severe epilepsy. The disorder is caused by a variation in the NRROS gene and appears to require two copies of the defective gene.
Researchers developed a model that can predict the propulsive efficiency of cetacean fins based on shape and kinematics, revealing fundamental interplay between circulatory forces and added mass forces. The findings could influence the design of fast, efficient, and highly maneuverable underwater robots.
Research presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session found that mental stress may be a stronger predictor of a repeat heart attack or dying from heart disease. Among over 300 young and middle-aged individuals, those who endured myocardial ischemia with mental stress had a two-fold higher likelihood of ha...
A Michigan State University study found that people distinguish between massive and simple obligations, with the latter creating a 'norm of reciprocity' and strengthening relationships. Obligations that disrupt daily life or create financial burdens can harm relationships.
Animal welfare experts call for tighter laws on keeping dangerous snakes as pets, citing difficulties in managing them at home and treating them in veterinary practices. Many vets are also concerned about the lack of expertise and insurance to handle venomous snakes.
Researchers have developed a low-power beam steering platform that enables scalable optical systems for ultra-small LiDAR on autonomous vehicles, AR/VR displays, trapped-ion quantum computers, and optogenetics. The technology reduces power consumption while maintaining operation speed and broadband low loss.
Tropical Cyclone Herold's strength dwindled as it moved into high wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures. The system's low-level circulation center was partially exposed, with minimal strong convection, according to NASA's Aqua satellite imagery.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified two factors that predict which ovarian cancer patients will not benefit from a combination of immune checkpoint and PARP inhibitors. Patients with specific gene mutations or vigorous immune responses to the cancer are more likely to respond to the therapy.
Scientists create a technique to transform cells into chemical engineers that use synthetic materials to construct functional polymers with specific properties. They successfully built artificial structures on mammalian brain cells and neurons in the worm C. elegans, which can alter their behaviors.
Researchers have successfully produced human protein Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) in the laboratory to metabolize and clear excess levels of triglycerides. The study demonstrates a potential pathway for developing drugs that trigger this process.
A team of Russian researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology analyzed a 1789 portrait by Dmitry Levitsky, revealing that the two extension pieces were indeed painted by the artist. The study used modern methods for local analysis of materials and nanomaterials to confirm the painter's involvement.
Researchers have developed a new contrast agent that detects brain metastases in certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer, at an early stage using minimal amounts of contrast agent. The agent works by detecting the formation of new blood vessels, improving MRI sensitivity and visualization.
Researchers use SLAC's X-ray laser to film iodine molecules reacting to two photons of light, capturing detailed snapshots of atomic vibrations and unexpected phenomena. The technique yields new insights into molecular behavior and fills a gap in previous methods.
A study reveals that Alzheimer risk genes are linked to microglia's response to amyloid-beta, a key protein in the disease. The researchers identified 11 new risk genes that are upregulated when facing increased amyloid-beta levels.
The updated guidelines recommend avoiding prolonged overhydration during exercise and encouraging individuals to drink according to their thirst. This approach aims to prevent exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) and its potential life-threatening outcomes.
Researchers developed a computer program to identify each nerve cell in fluorescent microscope images of living worms, overcoming previous challenges by creating unique genetic modifications. The program uses a mathematical algorithm to analyze images and assign neuron identities based on position variations between individual animals.
A team of researchers found that drag forces experienced by particles straddling interfaces between un-mixable fluids are less affected by the shape of the distortion. The study's discovery could have implications for self-assembling properties of various species, including nano- and microparticles, proteins, and other molecules.
A scorpion venom-derived drug has shown promise in treating fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) by reversing motor skill deficits. The study found that administering the drug at 30 days of life improved large- and small-muscle motor skills, suggesting potential treatment for children with FASD.
Argonne scientists have developed a novel 3D printing method to recycle enriched molybdenum, producing Mo-99 at an unprecedented scale. The new process uses corrosive chemicals, but has been optimized with durable materials like PEEK, enabling efficient and reliable recycling.
A large-scale study finds a strong association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and ischemic heart disease in female veterans. Women with PTSD were 47 years old on average, five years younger than those without the condition, highlighting the need for earlier screening and routine care.
Scientists have developed a new technique that can rapidly print two-dimensional arrays of cells and proteins mimicking various cellular environments. This method harnesses photolithography and programmable DNA, allowing for high-throughput study of cell interactions contributing to tissue function.
A new study published in Science Advances reveals that national monuments have positive effects on local economies in the American West. The study found that designations led to a 10% increase in nearby business establishments and an 8% rise in jobs, primarily in service industries like business services, financial services, and constr...
Researchers found that salmon-derived nutrients decrease over time but are retained in soils, supporting microbial and plant growth. The study revealed contrasting nutrient cycling pathways between two soil types, with potential for increased plant growth in the riparian zone.
A new study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine reports that a three-drug combination of fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium, and vilanterol reduces all-cause mortality by 42% in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treated with an inhaler once daily.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin found that Mexican women living in Texas breastfed longer than their counterparts born and educated in the US. The research showed that early formula use, returning to work, and smoking were risk factors for discontinuing breastfeeding earlier than intended.
A new study led by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine reveals that the pioneering protein FoxA2 simultaneously binds to chromosomal proteins and DNA, opening gates for gene activation. This discovery helps untangle mysteries of embryonic stem cell development into organs, moving regenerative medicine forward.
A recent study found that heatwaves have varying effects on different fish species, with some struggling more than others. The research tracked changes in gene expression in five coral reef fishes before, during, and after a severe marine heatwave, revealing species-specific responses to the heightened temperatures.