Researchers at Oregon State University found that people can correctly infer a robot's personality from its movement alone, with Happy and Sleepy being rated as most polite. The study suggests that robot personality can positively impact tasks around people, boding well for integration into simple robots
Researchers have discovered a new ancient plant species that provides a unique glimpse into the evolutionary process of reproductive biology in seed plants. The 400 million-year-old fossilized specimen reveals a spectrum of spore sizes, a precursor to specialized strategies in land plants.
Warren J. Leonard is recognized for pioneering work in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and cloning the IL-2 receptor alpha chain. His findings led to a deeper understanding of cytokine signaling and immune dysregulation.
Scientists apply strong magnetic fields to weakly-magnetic molecules, inducing new optical and photophysical properties. This discovery could allow scientists to change electronic properties of some classes of molecules using magnetic fields as a handle. The research uses the world's strongest magnet for NMR spectroscopy.
A University of Missouri researcher has identified four antiviral drugs that could potentially treat COVID-19, including remdesivir and 5-fluorouracil. The study found that these drugs can inhibit the replication of the coronavirus by blocking its RNA proteins.
Peter Lwigale has been awarded a four-year, $1.5 million NIH R01 grant to investigate the function of Npnt, a protein abundant in the cornea's extracellular matrix. The study aims to inform therapies for malformed eyes and injuries.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania activate G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in human and mouse pancreatic cancer models, inhibiting growth and making tumors more sensitive to immunotherapy. This approach may improve efficacy of existing treatments in a type where PD-1 inhibitors have been ineffective.
Researchers analyzed historical climate data to find that suitable climates for humans have remained largely unchanged since the mid-Holocene. By 2070, an estimated 1-3 billion people may live under warmer climate conditions deemed unsuitable for human life.
A study of 25 people found that Pavlovian conditioning to an allergen can lead to a placebo allergic reaction in the environment where the allergen was encountered. Sleep consolidation is thought to play a role in this response, according to the authors.
A NIH-funded study aims to measure the rate of novel coronavirus infection in US children and their family members, as well as the percentage of infected children who develop COVID-19. The study also explores whether asthma or other allergic conditions affect SARS-CoV-2 infection rates.
Researchers found that female flies were attracted to yeasts in foreign habitats, even if it meant reducing their offspring's survival chances. This openness could be a key factor in the emergence of new Drosophila species as they adapt to new environments.
A study at the University of Jyväskylä reveals that flexible work arrangements can have positive effects on employees, including increased autonomy and reduced conflict. The research found that communication across boundaries can create a functional environment where employees feel supported and understood.
Researchers at TU Wien and Stanford University have created tiny neuronal networks by printing 3D cages with microscale openings using two-photon polymerization and acoustic bioprinting. This allows for the growth of multicellular nerve tissue and the creation of connections between neurons, enabling targeted study of neural networks.
Researchers found that L-thyroxine therapy did not improve symptoms, quality of life, or handgrip strength in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism and high symptom burden. This study's results do not support routine use of L-thyroxine for this population.
A meta-analysis of biotrophs, hemibiotrophs, and necrotrophs found a significant relationship between trophic type and latent period. Hemibiotrophic pathogens have the longest latent periods, while necrotrophic pathogens have the shortest.
A new study published in Heart Rhythm found that incorporating electrocardiogram (ECG) screenings into college athletes' pre-participation physical exams can detect cardiac conditions six times more effectively than physical exams alone. The study also showed improved cost efficiency per diagnosis, reducing costs by five-fold.
A series of Canadian studies found that conspicuous alcohol labels can increase awareness of drinking harms and guidelines, leading to a 6.9% decrease in total sales of alcohol. The labels provided information on the risks of alcohol consumption or drinking guidelines, improving knowledge of alcohol-related health risks such as cancer.
Researchers at University of Nottingham have developed biomaterials that can control the body's immune response, potentially reducing implant rejection rates. The new materials use surface shape and chemical composition to influence macrophage attachment and behavior.
Researchers identified the cleavage of furin as crucial for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. The study also found potential starting points for therapy and live attenuated vaccines by exploring coronaviruses with similar activation sequences in animals, enabling the virus to spread in humans.
Scientists at Temple University Health System are exploring the molecular mechanisms of heart injury and repair. They aim to identify new paths to developing innovative heart therapies. The study focuses on understanding the role of molecules known as G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) in heart function and disease.
Dr. Staci Gruber will use the grant to investigate differences between whole-plant, full-spectrum and single extracted compounds in cannabis products. Her research aims to clarify the potential for synergistic effects of full-spectrum products versus single extracted compounds.
A new study from Portland State University suggests that venture capitalist funding can lead to a prioritization of financial success over socially responsible strategies, resulting in poorer practice records. Venture capitalists' desires for financial surplus may even cause more harm than good, according to the researchers.
Researchers have developed a zinc-doped manganese chromite crystal with significant technological potential. The material exhibits paramagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic phase transition at 19 kelvin, making it suitable for various applications.
A stranded seal was found with multiple facial wounds inflicted by fish, which researchers attribute to the animal's attempt to defend itself. The study suggests that similar injuries may be more common than previously thought, highlighting the dangers faced by marine mammals in their quest for food.
A new study finds that intensive farming practices increase the likelihood of pathogens becoming a major public health risk. Campylobacter, a bacterium carried by cattle, is estimated to be present in 20% of cattle worldwide and can cause serious illness in humans.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered that microorganisms can extract water from minerals, changing the rock's structure and providing a survival strategy. The findings may help develop practical applications for defense and advance our search for life beyond Earth.
Researchers found that niclosamide and ciclesonide showed potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells. These findings suggest potential for these FDA-approved drugs to combat COVID-19 with further development or drug formulation.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have identified key neurological modifications following sustained exercise, leading to improved learning for motor-skill acquisition. Exercise has been shown to promote neurotransmitter switching, which enhances motor coordination and skill learning.
A Korean research team developed a membrane distillation pretreatment process that adds magnesium to inhibit the fouling of membranes in desalination processes. The addition of magnesium inhibits the formation of calcium-based crystals on the membrane surface, preventing fouling and wetting.
A new study found that black patients have higher concentrations of activated fatty acids after a heart attack than white patients, indicating potential targets for personalized diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. Researchers discovered distinct lipid biomarkers may offer new approaches to delay or prevent cardiac failure.
Researchers from University of California, Davis, found that immune responses before pregnancy can predict behavioral deficits in offspring if the mother's immune system is activated during pregnancy. The study used a mouse model to identify baseline immunoreactivity as a predictor of resilience or susceptibility to immune activation.
The study found that the expansion of the US postal network from 1800 to 1890 positively associated with social and nonprofit organizations, while negatively associated with arrests and mortality. Local newspapers also emerged during this period, explaining the continued effect of state investment on social capital.
A recent UBC Okanagan study shows that progressive-resistance exercises can be effective in altering the path to frailty. Seniors who participated in a 12-week free weight exercise program improved their muscle performance and became less frail, without injury.
Experts warn that immunity passports pose significant practical, equitable, and legal issues. Vaccination certificates, on the other hand, may be a crucial tool to incentivize vaccination and end the pandemic. The success of public health practices depends on public trust and addressing inequities.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory developed a single-crystal electrode that provides a deeper understanding of charge-discharge processes in advanced batteries. The study reveals new information about the cathode chemistry, including the origin of extra capacity and the formation of detrimental phases during cycling.
Researchers report that tsunami mitigation parks can effectively reduce damage from waves with amplitudes comparable to the hill height. The study highlights the need for buffer zones behind these hills to mitigate enhanced damage in their immediate vicinity.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that transplanted intestinal contents could be effective against obesity and type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that obese mice with unhealthy lifestyles gained significantly less weight and avoided type 2 diabetes when they received viruses transplanted from the stool of lean mice.
Researchers found that composite membranes with nanoparticles can increase proton conductivity in direct ethanol fuel cells, leading to higher efficiency and potential industrial scalability. This breakthrough has great implications for the use of renewable ethanol as a sustainable energy source.
A fully human monoclonal antibody prevents SARS-CoV-2 virus from infecting cultured cells, suggesting potential for treating or preventing COVID-19. The discovery is an initial step towards developing a fully human antibody to address the pandemic.
The new journal focuses on vegetation typologies and classification systems, publishing original research papers, applied studies, and methodological studies. It features double-blind peer review and permanent special collections on Ecoinformatics and Phytosociological Nomenclature.
Researchers discovered that desert microbes extract water from rocks by producing biofilms that prompt mineral dissolution. These endolithic microbes have adapted to extremely dry environments, transforming gypsum into anhydrite through a process involving structurally ordered water extraction and phase transformation.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that 72% of patients with private insurance could face surprise bills for out-of-network air ambulance services, with average total costs up to $20,000. Ground ambulances also pose a significant risk, with 79% of patients facing surprise bills for non-emergency rides.
New research reveals climate change impacts on tropical cyclone patterns, with rising activity in the North Atlantic and Central Pacific, while declining in other regions. Greenhouse gases, aerosols, and volcanic eruptions contribute to these changes.
Children with chronic health conditions may experience higher rates of mental illness in early adolescence, according to new research. The study found that children with chronic health problems showed higher rates of mental illness at 10 years and continued to be associated with poor mental health at ages 13 and 15.
A Louisiana State University meteorologist is studying how coronavirus-induced lockdowns improved air quality in China, which could have implications for global temperatures and weather patterns.
Scientists in Singapore develop a single-atom device that can perform both energy conversion and cooling tasks, showcasing the potential of quantum mechanics in miniaturizing machines. The device uses lasers to manipulate an atom's vibrations, creating a battery-like effect that stores energy.
A new study suggests that farmland requiring irrigation could increase to 1.8 billion hectares, far exceeding current projections, with potential consequences for water resources, biodiversity, and climate change.
A study finds that ecotourism has positively transformed people's attitudes towards whale sharks and marine conservation in the Philippines. Locals who work for tour operators report a stronger emotional connection to the species and increased willingness to protect them, leading to more sustainable fishing practices.
Researchers at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University have found a way to increase wheat immunity by stimulating the biosynthesis of secondary compounds. This breakthrough could lead to the development of pre-sowing treatments that enhance plant resistance to environmental stresses.
A new study found that smartphones increase the willingness of people to disclose personal information online compared to desktop computers. The researchers suggest that smartphone users' comfort and familiarity with their devices lead to a 'safe zone' effect, making them more willing to open up about themselves.
Researchers have developed a method of lymphocytic vaccination to counter autoimmune diseases, proving clinically effective in treating multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The technology involves creating an immunology cell bank to enhance immunological protection against infection.
A new AI-supported test, called DARC, can detect glaucoma progression 18 months earlier than the current gold standard method. The technology involves injecting a fluorescent dye into the bloodstream and illuminating damaged retinal cells using artificial intelligence.
Research led by University of Exeter found that people with aphantasia are more likely to work in scientific and mathematical industries, while those with hyperphantasia excel in creative professions. The study also showed benefits of aphantasia for assimilating complex information and leading teams.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University and the Institute of Cytology have detailed novel non-trivial intramolecular interactions for small heat shock protein (sHSP) from Acholeplasma laidlawii. This discovery could help uncover new strategies to combat mycoplasma infections in crops.
Researchers found that salmon use microscopic crystals of magnetite in their tissue as both a map and compass to navigate the Earth's magnetic field. The study suggests that chains of magnetite may play a role in the navigation system of salmon.
A neural circuit in deep brain areas drives physical responses to emotional stress, including increased blood pressure and heart rate. Blocking this circuit may help reduce stress symptoms in rats, suggesting a potential target for treating stress-related disorders like panic disorder and PTSD.
Researchers found that higher similarity between original and translated brand names leads to higher Chinese box office revenue, while informative titles also drive sales. Companies must balance these strategies based on product performance and cultural gap size.
A study published in Ethology has captured koalas drinking behaviour in the wild for the first time, showing they access water by licking smooth tree trunks. The research highlights the importance of retaining trees for the conservation of the species.
Researchers at Shinshu University have developed a method to selectively dope boron into the outer tubes of double-walled carbon nanotubes, increasing electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. This advancement enables highly enhanced thermoelectric performance in boron-doped DWNTs for waste heat harvesting and other applications.
Researchers assess proposals for water roads in Chile, considering impacts on ecosystems and human consumption amid climate change and water scarcity