A new radio-frequency switch developed by US Army-funded researchers has achieved 50 times more energy efficiency than current components. The switch enables devices to stream HD media faster and retain battery life.
Researchers found that four bacteria species can survive and multiply on a minimal diet of nitrogen, phosphorus, and other essential elements from space. This adaptation process makes them less virulent, but still poses a risk to astronauts' immune systems during space travel.
Researchers found that stem cells collected from human amniotic membrane can slow the progression of scarring in pulmonary fibrosis by controlling immune cell activity. This pre-clinical study could lead to new treatments for this deadly disease, affecting 13-20 out of every 100,000 people worldwide.
A study found that higher spirituality in stroke survivors was associated with better quality of life, even when caregivers reported depression. Spirituality played a protective role in illness, and its importance should be recognized by health professionals.
Researchers found that women inheriting a Neandertal gene variant have lower rates of early miscarriages, fewer bleedings during pregnancy, and higher birth rates. The study suggests the variant has a favorable effect on fertility, with increased progesterone receptor production leading to greater sensitivity and protection.
Scientists from North Carolina State University have developed artificial cilia that can be controlled using magnetic fields and light. The research builds on earlier work in designing soft robots for magnet and light control. The new findings demonstrate the potential applications of shape memory magnetic cilia in various fields.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-Cas9 method to optimize proteins in mammalian cells, producing the fluorescent protein mCRISPRed that labels lysosomes. This technique enables targeted protein diversification and validation within organelles, opening new possibilities for biosensors, receptors, and therapeutic proteins.
A new study from UCL-led researchers has identified the earliest brain changes due to Huntington's disease, detecting damage 24 years before clinical symptoms appear. The findings provide vital insights into the optimal time to initiate treatments, potentially delaying or preventing neurodegeneration.
A new study on wild house mice from Southern Italy suggests that Robertsonian fusions play an active role in speciation. The researchers found three identical chromosomal rearrangements in both island and mainland populations, showing large-scale genetic mutations occur independently.
Mangga transitioned to an extra-tropical storm, losing tropical characteristics and retaining hurricane-force winds. The system brought damaging winds and high tides to Western Australia.
Researchers are conducting three studies to investigate important COVID-19 questions, including a trial of annexin A5 as a potential therapy for critically ill patients. A novel blood test for COVID-19 is also being developed using epitopes.
Researchers from China established a general strategy to guide design of optical metasurfaces with fully controlled angular dispersions. They demonstrated the importance of near-field couplings and radiation patterns in determining these dispersions.
Researchers at Institute for Basic Science develop new method to study superconductors using optical tools, enabling exploration of fluctuating superconductivity. Theoretical model shows significant changes in electric conductivity and light absorption near critical temperature.
A study by UCLA researchers found that households without indoor plumbing had higher COVID-19 incidence rates, while English-only households showed lower rates. The findings highlight the need for public health campaigns in Indigenous languages and improved sanitation infrastructure.
Researchers studied disposable N95 masks after gamma irradiation sterilization. The results show a significant decrease in filtration efficiency, compromising the masks' effectiveness against airborne pathogens.
A recent Yale University study found that bullying is a common precursor to suicide among LGBTQ youth, with death records of LGBTQ youths being about five times more likely to mention bullying than non-LGBTQ peers. The study suggests that additional steps are needed to protect these young people against the threat of bullying.
A study published in PNAS reveals that collagen maturation controls the availability of PEDF, a secreted protein involved in multiple biological functions. Researchers found that PEDF selectively destroys developing vessels by binding to newly synthesized collagen.
Researchers discovered evidence of ear infections in 15,000-year-old human remains from the Levant, peaking around 6,000 years ago due to environmental factors. The study suggests that changes in living conditions, such as increased population density and poor hygiene, contributed to the prevalence of ear infections.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have successfully synthesized evasins, a type of anti-inflammatory protein found in tick saliva, which can suppress chemokine-driven inflammation in human diseases. The proteins show great promise in treating lung inflammation in respiratory illnesses like COVID-19.
Researchers are testing a combination of remdesivir and baricitinib to treat severe COVID-19 cases. The trial aims to reduce inflammation caused by the virus and prevent fatal complications.
Shinshu University researchers have developed a new method to capture carbon via root exudates in wild forests. The method, which is quick and gentle on fine-scale roots, detects and measures the organic compounds released from tree roots into the soil.
A study using postmortem records found that LGBTQ youth ages 10-19 who died by suicide were more likely to be bullied compared to non-LGBTQ peers. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and support services to address bullying and promote mental health among vulnerable populations.
Scientists at Flinders University have developed a new method to create sustainable building blocks, including bricks made from recycled PVC and organic waste. The 'green' bricks can be repeatedly ground up and recycled, reducing waste and promoting a circular economy.
A study of nearly 9.6 million Kaiser Permanente patients reveals long hospital stays and high ICU admission rates for US COVID-19 patients, contradicting forecasts based on Chinese data. Social distancing measures have successfully reduced transmission intensity, but relaxed measures may lead to disease resurgence.
A new sequencing method has been developed to map the spatial organization of DNA in the cell nucleus, revealing areas prone to mutation and damage. The technique identifies a continuum of increasing activity from the nuclear periphery towards the center, challenging previous assumptions about inactive chromatin's location.
A new study published in Ecology Letters reveals that geological factors control the organization of ecosystems across tropical landscapes. Researchers used high-resolution airborne remote sensing datasets to analyze data from Mt. Kinabalu, finding complex interactions between geology, biogeochemistry, biodiversity, and biogeography.
A study developed an innovative system to interpret biological signals from the skin, using data from a wearable sensor device. Researchers found that participants used the technology for various purposes, including managing stress levels, tracking emotions, and logging information about their lives.
Researchers found that worker autonomy and transparency are crucial for crowdwork environment, while algorithmic management can enhance productivity when framed as promoting autonomy. The study suggests ways to improve algorithmic management via AI assistance.
A new method, called localized electroporation, enables repeated, non-destructive sampling of cells to study dynamic processes over time. This allows researchers to investigate how enzymatic activity varies between healthy cells and cancerous tumor biopsies.
A new model predicts the most common type of cloud on hot Jupiters, which should consist of liquid or solid silicate droplets. The study also finds that clouds can block observations of gases beneath them, hindering research on exoplanet formation and life.
Scientists have uncovered low-energy waves in magnetite that indicate the importance of electronic interactions with the crystal lattice. The discovery reveals the trimeron order in magnetite has elementary excitations with very low energy, absorbing radiation in the far-infrared region.
Researchers found a Hopfion structure, a repeating pattern present throughout nature, in ferroelectric nanoparticles. This discovery highlights the interconnectedness of scientific fields and could lead to breakthroughs in energy storage devices and information systems.
Researchers from Tsinghua University and MIT developed a thin lensless camera free of noise using Fresnel zone plate and compressive sensing algorithm. The FZA imaging system can capture high-quality images with single-shot 'hologram' without calibration, driving down the cost of camera production.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin developed a new component that increases devices' battery life and speeds up high-definition media streaming. The switch, made from hexagonal boron nitrite (hBN), can transmit data above 5G-level speeds and stay off to save power.
Researchers from USF have advanced a novel technology to rapidly sterilize and electrostatically recharge N95 masks using corona discharge, which can kill 10,000 E. coli bacteria in under a minute.
Researchers discovered that brown algae's cell wall contains the long-chained sugar fucoidan, which is only partially degraded by microbial communities. However, specific highly specialized bacteria can break down fucoidan using over 100 enzymes, sequestering carbon in the ocean.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that it may take between seven and 16 months for surgeons to complete the backlog of elective orthopaedic surgeries suspended during COVID-19. The US is facing over a million delayed surgeries for spinal fusion and knee/hip replacements.
A study published in Cell Reports suggests that lactobacilli have a niche in the human nose and may play a role in preventing chronic nasal and sinus inflammation. Researchers developed a proof-of-concept nasal spray that delivered lactobacillus to the nose, colonizing healthy volunteers' upper respiratory tracts without adverse effects.
Researchers found that Huntington's model mice bred to lack IL-6 exhibited exacerbated symptoms compared to those with IL-6. Gene expression differences revealed reduced synaptic signaling pathways in IL-6 deficient mice.
Researchers from Waseda University found damped, low-amplitude circadian oscillations in cyanobacteria lacking KaiA, challenging previous studies. The findings suggest the circadian clock may have evolved gradually from these oscillations.
A team of scientists has created a technique using nanoneedles to modify the properties of iron-rhodium alloy, allowing for the creation of antiferromagnetic nano-islands embedded in ferromagnetic matrices. This breakthrough enables the miniaturization of magnetic devices and facilitates the manufacture of more robust and secure memories.
Researchers developed an algorithm to predict coastal currents using dynamical systems theory and ocean data. This new tool promises to enhance search and rescue techniques at sea, potentially saving lives.
A new study finds that exposure to negative feedback motivates consumers to pursue proving goals, such as demonstrating competence, but reduces motivation for enjoyment goals, like having fun. This phenomenon suggests a complex relationship between self-esteem threats, consumer behavior, and marketing strategies.
Researchers found that using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) can reduce travel time and fuel consumption, saving cities over $4.7 billion annually. Cities like Houston, which uses technology to manage traffic flow, have seen significant reductions in congestion and emissions.
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened existing inequalities in US children from low-income households, hindering their access to quality education and nutritious meals. The authors recommend targeted legislation to address child health and well-being, including expanding services and increasing funding for nutrition assistance programs.
A newly discovered ocean virus is hijacking the metabolism of the most abundant organism on Earth, Prochlorococcus marinus. The virus alters the ability of P. marinus to store carbon and counter the greenhouse gas effect, potentially preventing gigatons of carbon from being taken out of the air annually.
New video technique reveals altered nursing behaviour and retarded larval development in neonicotinoid-treated honey bees. This affects their social interactions and increases the risk of parasite infestation, such as Varroa mite.
The study found that remdesivir reduced the median time to recovery by 4 days compared to placebo, with a survival benefit and improved clinical status. The findings support remdesivir as the standard treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients requiring supplemental oxygen therapy.
A new study simulates electron dynamics during femtosecond laser ablation of MoS2, revealing two types of ablation mechanisms and distinct electron dynamics. The results show that higher fluence induces superheated liquid formation, leading to dramatic changes in reflectivity and micro-honeycomb structures.
Researchers have uncovered thousands of ancient animal bones at three sites in Ethiopia, showing early Muslim communities ate a diverse and sophisticated diet, including luxury goods from around the Red Sea. The discovery provides new insights into halal butchery practices and the spread of Islam in Africa.
Researchers explore high-intensity lasers to create plasmas for studying quantum electrodynamics, a lesser-studied corner of particle physics. The findings could lead to advances in fundamental physics and scanning technology.
University of Delaware researchers have developed a technique to visualize the three-dimensional structure of materials in detail while maintaining context. This approach enables scientists to study specific particles on the material's surface and observe how they evolve over time under different conditions.
Researchers have discovered a surprising correlation between blobs of turbulence at the edge of fusion plasas and magnetic field fluctuations. This link could help improve the efficiency of fusion reactions, paving the way for clean and virtually limitless energy.
A new study finds that encouraging people to mimic successful exercise strategies used by their friends increases time spent exercising. Copy-paste prompts, a simple and costless nudge, can boost goal achievement in various domains.
Researchers have found that reprogrammed stem cells between days 15 and 28 of maturation can successfully restore heart tissue. This 'window of opportunity' makes it possible to use stem cells that the body recognizes as its own, allowing for more effective regenerative medicine.
Researchers at SISSA and ICTP used atomic physics experiments to simulate the Schwinger model, a gauge theory that describes particle interactions. This study confirms the potential of quantum simulators to investigate fundamental forces and could lead to simulations of complex systems.
A UK study investigated sexual activity during COVID-19 lockdown and found that only 39.9% of British adults surveyed engaged in any form of sexual activity. The study suggests that promoting sexual activity as a way to maintain physical and mental health could be an important public health message.
Sandia will be one of the first DOE laboratories to receive Fujitsu's new A64FX processor, optimized for memory-speed bottleneck breakage. The 48-core processor provides greater fractions of usable peak performance and supports collaboration with the Japanese supercomputing community.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University discovered that after eye injury, immune cells travel along ciliary zonules to the lens, surveilling and protecting it from adverse impacts. This finding adds to evidence overturning accepted dogma in the field, suggesting an alternative mechanism for immune cell delivery.
Women with a history of miscarriage who engage in high-strain exercise may be at a greater risk of subclinical pregnancy loss, according to new research. The study found a two-fold higher risk of very early pregnancy loss for highly active women compared to those who were less active.