Researchers at the University of South Carolina have identified a biological trigger that promotes quicker nerve regeneration. The discovery highlights the importance of protein phosphorylation and Casein kinase 2-alpha (CK2α) in breaking down stress granules, allowing nerves to regrow faster.
A study found that 14.6% of UK patients with new opioid prescriptions became long-term users, with risk factors including age, social deprivation, and history of self-harm or substance abuse. The study calls for safer prescribing practices to avoid addiction epidemics.
A study analyzing tweets from the 2017 Hepatitis A outbreak in San Diego found parallels with current misinformation about COVID-19. The researchers suggest proactive measures, such as greater dialogue between government agencies and the public, can help counter misinformation and boost vaccination rates.
A new global assessment report finds that forests and trees can alleviate poverty, but benefits are unevenly distributed among communities. Agroforestry systems, community forest management, ecotourism, and forest producer organizations show promise in reducing poverty, while protected areas can exacerbate local income inequalities.
Researchers found a substantial increase in the percentage of adults with autism receiving Medicaid services from 2008-2012. The study showed higher prevalence among younger adults (18-24) and lower among older adults (41-64).
A Phase 1/2 randomised controlled trial found the vaccine candidate BBIBP-CorV is safe and induces an immune response in healthy volunteers. The study detected antibody responses in all recipients by day 42 after vaccination, and was well-tolerated with no severe adverse reactions reported.
Research suggests ancient parasites have co-opted mammalian hosts for evolutionary gain, influencing cognition, reproduction, immune response. Endogenous retroviruses also play a key role in placental development and the interferon response.
A five-year, $10 million research effort will focus on understanding the three-dimensional structure of cell nuclei and its effects on cellular functions. Researchers aim to develop fundamental knowledge to provide insights into developmental disorders, aging, and other cell processes.
Researchers surveyed labor nurses from 36 hospitals in three states and found that hospitals with higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding had less missed nursing care. Exclusive breastfeeding was also associated with hospitals adhering to nurse staffing guidelines during labor and immediate postpartum care.
INRS is investing $1 million in COVID-19 research to tackle treatment, detection, and rapid diagnostic tests. The program aims to promote interdisciplinarity and support audacious projects with strong potential for spin-offs.
A marmoset monkey study found a link between friendly behavior and physical domestication traits, such as a white fur patch on their forehead. The research shows that increased parental vocal responses can accelerate the development of both vocalizations and facial fur coloration in infants.
An international team of researchers analyzed medical records and identified commonly hijacked cellular pathways in three lethal coronaviruses. The study revealed treatment regimens for current and potential future viral pandemics, providing real-world implications for COVID-19 treatment.
The study found that removing dairy cows from US agriculture would decrease nutrient supplies, particularly calcium and vitamins, while having a minimal effect on greenhouse gas emissions. However, this reduction in essential nutrients could pose challenges for feeding the human population.
A new study by George Mason University found that most college students (88%) would use STI self-testing services if available, and 59% prefer private testing at Student Health Services. The study suggests increasing STI testing among students could lead to better health outcomes.
A Penn-developed machine learning tool helps sustain end-of-life care discussions with cancer patients, tripling the rate of those discussions. The study shows that clinicians engage more in conversations when prompted by an algorithm and a behavioral nudge.
The REFLECT II trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of TriGuard 3, a self-stabilizing cerebral embolic deflection filter, in patients undergoing TAVR. The device met the primary safety endpoint, but did not demonstrate superiority for reducing ischemic stroke or larger lesions.
A team of astronomers has used the upgraded GMRT to measure atomic hydrogen content in galaxies as they were 8 billion years ago. The study reveals that the exhaustion of atomic hydrogen gas explains the decline in star formation activity over time.
A study by researchers at the University of Virginia Health System found that nearly 1 in 8 commercially insured patients received surprise bills for out-of-network expenses after undergoing elective colonoscopies. The team recommends partnering with in-network anesthesia and pathology providers to prevent these unexpected costs.
Researchers have reengineered current collectors to make batteries lighter, safer, and about 20% more efficient. The new design uses a lightweight polymer and fireproofing, reducing the risk of fires and explosions.
A recent study combining climate modeling and fossil records reveals that climate change played a major role in the extinction of past Homo species. Despite technological advancements, these ancient humans were unable to adapt to changing temperatures, leading to their demise.
A US survey found that increased local case counts of a hypothetical disease led to higher vaccination rates. Older, wealthier participants and those with conservative views were more likely to get vaccinated. The study highlights the complex relationship between perceived risk and vaccine propensity.
A study published by FSU researchers found that coral reef mats are composed of diverse microbial communities, including cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and viruses. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the ecological role of these mats and how to protect reef ecosystems.
Blakesley Burkhart, a Rutgers astronomer, has been awarded a $875,000 Packard fellowship to research the formation of stars and planets. Her team aims to understand how gas and dust are converted into stars and planets using statistical methods and machine-learning algorithms.
A worldwide survey found that people with low openness and neuroticism were less likely to shelter at home when government policies were lenient. However, higher scores on other personality traits like conscientiousness and agreeableness were associated with greater likelihood of sheltering in place.
A research team at Greenwood Genetic Center successfully restored normal heart and valve development in an animal model for Mucolipidosis II using small molecules. The study used cathepsin protease inhibitors to normalize cardiac development in a zebrafish model with genetic mutations that disrupted growth factor signaling.
Researchers define two molecular subtypes of pancreatic carcinoma with distinct aggressiveness, differing in the origin and development. The study reveals a novel mechanism called viral mimicry that promotes cancer growth and metastasis.
NASA's Aqua satellite revealed strong winds and wind shear affecting Tropical Storm Nangka as it pushed inland, leading to weakening of the storm's circulation. The storm was forecast to move further inland and dissipate over mountainous terrain in northwest Vietnam and northern Laos.
New research led by UT Southwestern shows the effectiveness of a treatment for aplastic anemia and reveals the range of diagnosis and treatment options used by hospitals around the country. The studies highlight how collaborative research can improve outcomes for children with rare blood disorders, including myelodysplastic syndrome.
Researchers at the University of Michigan discovered a neural network in fruit flies that can convert external stimuli into a binary decision. The network, which involves the posterior medial core region, amplifies weak signals and suppresses strong ones to make 'yes' or 'no' decisions.
The 2020 AERA Brown Lecture features William F. Tate IV discussing the 'segregation pandemic' in education. Tate argues that an ideology of racial biology has caused a global disease, spreading segregation and its effects on society and education.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center discovered specific molecules, TAp63, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and proteins WDR26 and NOLC1 that regulate AKT signaling pathway to promote tumor development and progression.
Researchers found that targeting the heart to increase blood flow can deliver more oxygen and nutrients to the injured spinal cord, potentially reducing damage and improving function. This new approach could lead to a change in how newly injured patients are managed, with improved chances of retaining motor function.
Haotian Wang, a researcher at Rice University, has received a $875,000 five-year grant from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to pursue his work on converting carbon dioxide into fuels. The award supports his technology that uses renewable electricity to convert greenhouse gases into valuable chemical fuels.
Researchers aim to demonstrate ideal energy transfer in quantum systems, potentially leading to more efficient engines and quantum computers. The project uses superconducting circuits to design experiments that can be carried out within realistic quantum systems.
A new George Mason University study found that supersized alcopops are linked to higher levels of hostility and risk-taking among adults on probation who experience homelessness or gang affiliation. The research calls for better regulation of these products to reduce dangerous alcohol consumption.
A new test developed by Johns Hopkins University can accurately pinpoint and capture the deadliest cells in glioblastoma, a type of fatal brain cancer. The method's accuracy in predicting patient outcomes varies from 86% to 100%, suggesting its potential for developing targeted therapeutics.
The IDseq tool uses metagenomic analysis to identify emerging pathogens from a single sample, providing actionable reports on infectious diseases worldwide. By leveraging open-source software, researchers can rapidly detect and track disease outbreaks, aiding in pandemic prevention and global health initiatives.
The new patch uses leaves with fractal patterns to create a flexible, heat-transferable surface. This design enables rapid response times and prevents overheating, making it suitable for use in orthopedic treatments.
A team of researchers from Penn State and NYU has deconstructed the 'biological clock' that regulates birdsong, revealing delays within neuronal circuits play a critical role in timing. The study found a wide distribution of delays in the circuit, allowing for higher resolution and more precise control over complex behaviors.
Scientists at Tufts University genetically engineered cow muscle cells to produce beta carotene, a provitamin that may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. The study demonstrates the potential of cell-cultured meat products to surpass the nutritional profile of conventionally produced meat.
The Keeling Curve, a critical indicator of global warming, will continue to be monitored with $1.45 million in funding from the Schmidts. The measurements have provided key evidence that the world's oceans are becoming increasingly acidic due to human-induced carbon dioxide emissions.
The NIH has awarded a 4D Nucleome grant to Gladstone researchers Benoit Bruneau and Katie Pollard to investigate DNA folding in the developing heart. They aim to identify genetic causes of congenital heart disease, which affects one in 100 live births worldwide.
Researchers found that athletes feel isolated and excluded when injured, hiding their pain and injury due to pressure to perform. The study aims to create a sporting environment prioritizing physical health and welfare, with tailored injury management programs and athlete-centered care.
A new study found that our brains use different approaches to avoid harm to ourselves versus others. When learning to avoid harm to others, decisions are automatic and efficient, but when avoiding harm to oneself, choices become more deliberative and future-focused.
A new self-expanding bioprosthetic valve used in TAVR failed to demonstrate non-inferiority compared to an existing valve. The SCOPE II Trial found increased rates of cardiac death and moderate-severe aortic regurgitation with the new valve.
A rapid and simple method for testing the efficacy of antibacterial drugs has been developed by Penn State researchers. The technique uses dynamic laser speckle imaging coupled with machine learning to predict whether bacteria are alive or dead, allowing for accurate determination of minimum inhibitory concentration values. This could ...
Researchers discovered a distinctive supergene in fire ant colonies determining young queen behavior, leading to new pest control methods. The study also found aggressive behavior towards queens without the supergene.
Research at Indiana University Kelley School of Business found that wearing blue-light-filtering glasses can lead to better night's sleep and improved work engagement. Daily task performance and organizational citizenship behavior also increased with blue light reduction.
A new RAND Corporation report reveals that Facebook users are less apt to press the 'like' button on content when they learn it's part of a foreign propaganda campaign. Researchers found that most users in hyper-partisan news consumer groups reconsider their initial response after source is revealed, with media literacy interventions s...
During annual migration, bats selectively suppress cellular immune responses and favour non-cellular humoral immunity to conserve energy. This strategy helps them survive the strenuous journeys of up to 2,000 km.
Reelin signaling suppresses OPC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, regulating their radial distribution in the late embryonic mouse neocortex. The regulation of Reelin function by proteolysis is crucial for normal OPC development.
A Durham University study found that e-cigarette use during pregnancy may lead to abnormal reflexes and impaired brain development in babies. The researchers recommend that mothers avoid using e-cigarettes or traditional cigarettes during pregnancy.
Researchers found significant increases in floral abundance and wild bee diversity in spruce beetle-affected forests, compared to similar, undisturbed forests. This is good news for wild bee communities, which have been declining in recent years.
Researchers at HKU have identified a novel antiviral strategy for treating COVID-19, utilizing the metal-based compound ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC) to suppress SARS-CoV-2 replication. RBC targets the viral helicase Nsp13, reducing viral loads by over 1,000-folds and mitigating symptoms.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism by which cells detect and respond to mechanical stress, triggered by the deformation of their nuclei. This 'fight or flight' reflex allows cells to rapidly flee crowded environments, a process that is conserved across species and in adulthood.
Astronomers at the University of Vienna used machine learning to trace groups of stars born together and found thousands of sibling stars surrounding well-known cores of star clusters. The discovery reveals that star clusters are enclosed in rich halos, or coronae, more than 10 times larger than previously thought.
A new study from Rice University finds that well-educated bisexual adults experience less health benefit from education compared to heterosexual and gay/lesbian adults. This effect is especially true for women, with social stigma and gender discrimination potentially contributing to the disparity.
A clinical study has identified the most effective treatments for cryptogenic sensory polyneuropathy (CSPN), a condition affecting over 20 million people in the US. Nortriptyline and duloxetine emerged as top performers, with nortriptyline showing the highest efficacy rate.
The newly created position aims to pioneer research and educational offerings in 'transformational strategy', a novel approach that goes beyond traditional strategy techniques. The Chair will develop practical methods to support company boards in transforming their business models.
A Cornell University professor has been awarded a grant to study the coexistence of agriculture and energy development in New York State. The project aims to determine efficient solar farm array configurations to avoid land-use conflicts and spoil precious agricultural space.
Researchers found that a D-dimer blood test alone can accurately identify patients at risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), allowing for targeted follow-up with ultrasound examinations. The study suggests this simplified approach could reduce unnecessary tests and improve diagnosis accuracy.
A Russian research team found that social brain components are co-activated during group problem-solving, but do not form a holistic system. This suggests that the 'social brain' is not as integrated as previously thought.
Researchers have discovered a massive globular cluster in the Andromeda Galaxy with an unusually low metallicity, challenging current theories on GC formation. The cluster's metallicity is nearly three times lower than previously known limits, suggesting that massive clusters could form from pristine gas in the early Universe.
Researchers from the University of Minnesota developed a bimodal neuromodulation treatment using sound and electrical stimulation to reduce tinnitus symptoms. The study, published in Science Translational Medicine, showed significant improvements in symptom severity for 86% of participants after 12 weeks of treatment.
A recent report by the American Dental Association found that fewer than one percent of dentists in the US were COVID-19 positive, with 99% using enhanced infection control procedures. The study, which surveyed nearly 2,200 dentists, suggests that dentistry's risk of transmission is lower than initially thought.
A cross-sectional study found that 63% of comments on the FDA proposal came from parties with financial ties to industry, with only 4% citing scientific literature. The study aims to bring attention to the need for greater transparency in AI/ML development and encourage more academic input in regulatory frameworks.
The Nanotechnology Enabled Water Treatment Center (NEWT) at Rice University has been renewed for five years with a $16.5 million NSF award. The center will focus on developing multifunctional nanomaterials and low-energy desalination technologies to address global water needs.
Researchers have developed an artificial cyanobacterial biofilm that can sustainably produce green ethylene for up to 40 days. The biofilm's design limits cell growth, promoting efficient light utilization and biomass allocation towards ethylene biosynthesis.
A collaboration between Synthego and The Krogan Lab used CRISPR-based genome engineering to study genes associated with SARS-CoV-2. This approach revealed key targets for potential coronavirus treatment, accelerating research in the fight against COVID-19.
A new survey found that over 40% of US adults support a stronger government role in society, with majority backing health, unemployment, and income-related policies. The findings suggest growing support for extending social safety net policies passed during the pandemic.
Researchers used a well-known optical illusion to isolate key clusters of neurons in zebrafish, finding only a dozen or so neurons required for motion perception. The study aims to understand how these neurons are wired within the neural circuit and their connections with visual input.
A DNA study reveals that scimitar-toothed cats were highly skilled hunters with good daytime vision and complex social behaviors. They had genetic adaptations for strong bones, cardiovascular systems, and endurance running, suggesting a pack-based hunting style.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a system that enables robots to recognize pain and self-repair with minimal wiring and circuits. The 'mini-brain' approach allows the robot to process information efficiently and adapt to its environment, making it more interactive with humans.
Researchers at Penn State used deep learning to clear up noise in radar satellite data, enabling near real-time observation of volcanic movements. The system can build an accurate picture of the land and its movements, spotting potential warning signs like sudden land shifts.
Research suggests that people do not trust health content on crowdsourced sites, even with expert curation, due to concerns about misinformation and manipulation. However, interactive features such as editing functions can increase perceived credibility.
Researchers examined whether individuals are using cannabidiol (CBD) for diagnosable conditions with evidence-based therapies. The study found that many users were seeking alternative treatments, highlighting the need for more research on CBD's efficacy and safety.
A global study has identified common vulnerabilities among three lethal coronaviruses, including frequently hijacked cellular pathways. The study highlights shared cellular processes and protein targets that could be considered as targets for therapeutic interventions.
The MITHRAS trial found that interventional closure of an iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) driven by transcatheter mitral valve repair was not superior to conservative medical treatment. The study also revealed that the presence of a persistent iASD is associated with increased long-term mortality and morbidity following TMVR.
Researchers developed a near-infrared/pH dual-responsive drug delivery system using graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots and carbon nanosheets for improved chemotherapy response. The system exhibits light-to-heat conversion and singlet oxygen generation capabilities under single NIR excitation.
A joint project by RIT and URMC will monitor vital signs of heart failure patients using an AI-enabled toilet seat, aiming to reduce hospital return rates. The system records data on heart rate, blood flow, and oxygenation, providing near-real-time information to physicians.
A report by University of Portsmouth experts challenges the effectiveness of a commonly used police interview technique for detecting lies. The technique, which has been employed by both the FBI and British police, is deemed unfit for use.
Researchers discovered a new combination of treatments that may benefit patients with certain gene mutations. Inhibiting the protein AKT suppressed growth of tumour cells in animal models, while combining dexamethasone with AKT inhibition showed better results.
Carnivorous plants have evolved to digest insect prey by repurposing defense proteins, a mechanism that is regulated through genetic mechanisms. The study aims to understand the evolution and regulation of this process.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new type of microrobot that can navigate through the rough terrain of a human colon, enabling potential targeted drug delivery without causing side effects. The microrobots use magnetic fields to tumble and move through the colon, allowing for controlled release of medication.
A large international consortium of researchers has studied three coronaviruses, identifying common molecular mechanisms and potential drug targets for rapid treatment response. The study also analyzed clinical data to identify effective FDA-approved therapeutics for COVID-19 patients.
Researchers identified Nrp1 as a novel Reelin receptor, essential for superficial-layer neuron dendrite development in the mouse neocortex. The Reelin-Nrp1 interaction regulates apical dendrite formation, suggesting a new mechanism for normal network establishment.
Researchers found that hypochlorous acid can chemically modify malodorous compounds and rapidly inactivate infectious particles, promoting greater latrine use. The study also shows potential for HOCl to improve latrine odor and reduce transmission of diseases such as dengue fever.
Researchers found that using the race multiplier correction factor for Black patients with chronic kidney disease can lead to delayed referrals and critical conversations about dialysis. Removing this factor could reclassify up to one-third of Black patients to a more severe stage of CKD.
A new study suggests that investing in climate-positive recovery plans for the global energy system could put the world on track to meet the Paris Agreement goals. Investing just a tenth of the $12 trillion pledged in stimulus packages over five years in climate-friendly policies could achieve net zero carbon energy by mid-century.
Researchers designed hydrogels with self-renewing, lipid-based boundary layers, reducing friction by a near 100-fold. The approach maintains lubricity after drying and rehydration, opening potential applications in tissue engineering and biosensor development.
Dr. Mauro Vallati will receive a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship to develop AI-driven frameworks for tackling traffic congestion and environmental issues in urban areas. The research aims to optimize traffic light settings, communicate with vehicles, and reduce pollution.
A study by Brown University researchers reveals that firefighting foams contain a complex mixture of PFAS compounds that behave differently than individual substances. The findings suggest that these foams have a greater affinity for the air-water interface, which can help predict pollution spread and inform cleanup efforts.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science found that Sb atoms introduce a slight distortion in the interatomic distances, promoting phonon scattering and increasing thermal conductivity. This leads to improved electrical conductivity and thermoelectric performance of doped Mg2Si.
Researchers Scott Glaberman and Ylenia Chiari investigate the relationship between body size and longevity in Galapagos tortoises. They hypothesize that enhanced ER stress responses contribute to the evolution of large body sizes and long lifespans.
A recent study has provided a detailed picture of fuel and nutrient use by the human heart, establishing a new framework for studying heart function in health and disease. The study found that healthy hearts rely heavily on fatty acids as energy sources, while failing hearts consume more ketones and release more amino acids.
A new study by the University of Exeter and the University of East Anglia demonstrates that Common Carp would evolve resistance to KHV, rendering it ineffective. The research highlights the need for alternative control methods to mitigate ecological damage caused by invasive carp.
Researchers at the University of Maryland are developing an ingestible capsule that can monitor and model gut microbiome serotonin activity. The platform provides access to the specific site of serotonin production, allowing for real-time processing and neurological effects assessment.
Researchers have identified a new key player in long-term memory formation, the connection between mossy cells and granule cells in the hippocampus. This discovery sheds light on how new environments are processed and stored in the brain.
The study developed a unique method to forecast influenza epidemics using real episode data and consultations about symptoms, achieving accurate results for all seasons under stable conditions. The forecasts can help redistribute resources effectively during an epidemic, with potential applications in the ongoing corona pandemic as well.
Researchers discovered that polyphosphate synthesis is deeply integrated with cellular metabolism, allowing organisms to adapt to nutrient deprivation. This knowledge could enable scientists to engineer the metabolism of organisms to be more resilient in a range of environments.
Aetion co-authored a study analyzing lethal coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and MERS-CoV to identify molecular characteristics of potential treatments. The study applied real-world data from COVID-19 patients to evaluate molecular hypotheses.
Texas A&M University researchers developed a conceptual model to systematically identify the potential health impacts of autonomous vehicles (AVs). The study found 17 risk factors that could negatively impact public health, while eight had positive effects. Seven areas of uncertain implications require further investigation.
A new study found that 90% of CBD users claimed to use it for medical conditions such as autism, depression, and sleep disorders. In contrast, only 30% cited wellness benefits. The study highlights the need for enhanced regulation of the CBD market to prevent patients from forgoing proven treatments.
A fraction of global COVID-19 stimulus funds could help achieve Paris Agreement goals for the climate by investing in transformative green energy systems. This would boost employment, attract investors and increase society's resilience while providing clean energy.
Researchers have demonstrated improvements in the fatigue life of high strength aluminium alloys by 25 times, a significant outcome for the global transport industry. Aluminium alloy microstructures that can heal weak links called 'precipitate free zones' (PFZs) were created to enhance fatigue performance.
A new study has identified three gene variants that may help predict which children with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) are likely to respond to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication therapy. The research found that children carrying these variants are at increased risk of relapse after one year of PPI maintenance therapy.
Researchers developed a novel ultrasound technique that quantifies lung scarring and detects lung fluid in rats, showing promise for assessing pulmonary fibrosis and edema. The non-invasive method could reduce costs and improve patient care by providing accurate, measurable assessments of lung health.
Researchers at Tohoku University have created an innovative technology that drastically reduces energy consumption for data storage. The new scheme uses a single laser pulse to induce switching of ferromagnetic Co/Pt layers, reducing the need for magnetic-field-induced switching.
Researchers found that certain chemotherapeutic agents can promote tissue overgrowth in normal tissues, while an innate immune signaling pathway in fibroblasts causes stem cells to proliferate. This discovery has broad implications for diseases associated with the immune system, including psoriasis and cancer.
A University of Illinois study found that rituals in dating relationships can magnify normative experiences and provide a preview into family life and couple life. Rituals have the power to bond individuals and serve as diagnostic tools for where the relationship is going.
The symposium highlighted the importance of resources and education to improve the quality and safety of milk in developing countries. Implementing technology training packages and workshops led to improved productivity, quality, and safety of milk production.
A start-up company led by Georgia State University chemist Jenny Yang has received a National Institute of Health grant to accelerate development of an MRI contrast agent that can non-invasively detect early-stage liver disease. The agent works by binding with collagen, alerting clinicians to the presence of fibrosis.
A global research team led by the University of Göttingen explains how plant genetic engineering can combat micronutrient malnutrition. Biofortification using conventional breeding methods has already been successful in improving nutrition and health, but genetic engineering offers a way to further enhance benefits.
A study by University of Zurich's Brain Research Institute found that early childhood trauma can lead to changes in lipid metabolism and glucose levels in offspring and grand-offspring. The researchers discovered a molecular mechanism involving the PPAR receptor, which is activated by fatty acids and regulates gene expression.
A record-breaking spring temperature event occurred in eastern China in 2018, with over 900 stations reaching their highest spring mean temperature on record. The analysis suggests that both human-induced global warming and anomalous circulation increased the chance of this extreme high-temperature event.
A 30-year global study reveals that chronic illness and related risk factors like obesity, high blood sugar, and outdoor air pollution have fueled coronavirus deaths. People are living more years in poor health, despite treatment advancements, with stagnant life expectancy in many countries.
Researchers at MIT developed a machine-learning algorithm that can predict the effectiveness of drug compounds against tuberculosis and other diseases. The algorithm, which incorporates uncertainty values to account for data variability, identified promising compounds targeting a critical protein required by the bacteria.
Researchers mapped host interactions of MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 to identify potential drug targets. Studying patient data showed that COVID-19 patients treated with drugs targeting specific host factors fared better.
Researchers found that direct measures of smell ability reveal a higher prevalence of COVID-19-related smell loss, estimated at 77%, compared to self-report methods, which underestimate the true prevalence. The study suggests that measuring people's sense of smell may become as routine as measuring body temperature for fever.
A study published in Science Advances confirms that the Moon's localized strong magnetic fields are remnants of an ancient core dynamo. The researchers used complex simulations to disprove the asteroid impact theory, showing that the resulting magnetic field is a thousand times weaker than necessary to explain the observations.
Researchers found that small RNA molecule NikS regulates critical virulence factors in H. pylori, allowing it to colonize the stomach and develop disease. NikS influences bacterial internalization and helps overcome epithelial barriers.
Researchers found that astrocytes play a critical role in forming synapses in response to cocaine exposure, which can contribute to addiction. Blocking these synapses may help prevent relapse, suggesting a new therapeutic target for substance use disorder.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed an organic redox flow battery with a water-based electrolyte, increasing the energy density. The battery uses conducting polymer PEDOT electrodes and quinone molecules, making it safe, cheap, and recyclable.
Researchers found that supplementing people with HIV with GlyNAC, a combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine, improves multiple deficits associated with premature aging. The supplement boosts glutathione levels, a natural antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals and helps maintain cellular function.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered how volcanoes experience stress, which can lead to collapse and eruptions. By studying a dormant volcano on La Palma, the team found that repeated movement of magma inside the volcano causes it to become 'stressed' and potentially unstable.
Researchers have identified a novel immune defence mechanism orchestrated by lipid droplets that attracts and eliminates invading pathogens, providing a broad-spectrum response. This strategy could be used to develop new therapeutic approaches in the era of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers have developed a new technology to diagnose sickle cell disease with increased sensitivity and speed, using only a small droplet of blood and costing less than traditional methods. The Acousto Thermal Shift Assay (ATSA) measures protein interactions and mutations in under one minute.
A recent study published in the European Heart Journal found that more than two-thirds of heart disease deaths worldwide can be prevented through healthier diets. The analysis of global data from 195 countries revealed that unhealthy eating, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol are major contributors to ischaemic heart disease.
A new study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that cows are more relaxed when spoken to directly by a live human than when listening to a recorded voice. The researchers observed higher heart rate variability and lower heart rates after the live interaction, indicating improved mood.
The COVID-19 virus may become endemic if immunity wanes within a year, allowing for yearly outbreaks. Reinfections are common, even within a year of prior infection, and the risk of severe clinical outcomes changes with subsequent infection.
A microbiology laboratory in Edinburgh reduces its plastic waste by 43kg per year using re-useable equipment and decontaminating plastic tubes. The team develops a new approach to reduce single-use plastics, saving over £400 and promoting sustainable practices in research labs.
Researchers found that mammalian lipid droplets play a crucial role in organizing and supporting intracellular immune responses against microbial pathogens. The structures help drive metabolic shifts within cells toward an environment more conducive to host defense.
Associate Professor Toya Frank at George Mason University has received funding from the National Science Foundation for the IPA Program. She is responsible for long-range planning and budget development for various areas of science represented by the program.
Researchers at University College London have used laser technology to measure the volume and biomass of giant Californian redwood trees for the first time. The technique offers new insights into carbon storage and ecosystem structure, with estimates suggesting these large trees are up to 30% heavier than previous indirect methods.
Researchers at UCI will examine molecular 4D nucleome changes in the human hippocampus during aging, with a focus on physical activity's effects. The team aims to produce multi-omics cell atlases to understand chromatin organization and function in brain aging.
The study provides new data on health in 204 countries and territories, revealing a perfect storm of rising chronic diseases and public health failures. Key findings include low life expectancy in the USA, high rates of cardiovascular deaths and obesity, and increasing mortality rates among adults aged 25-34 years.
The 38th Annual Meeting of The Obesity Society will present innovative scientific research results through oral and poster abstracts. These communications highlight new anti-obesity medication clinical trials and comparisons of weight loss diets.
Researchers from The University of Hong Kong studied fossil corals and created the first palaeoecological baseline for coral communities in the Greater Bay Area. They found a 40% decrease in coral species, particularly staghorn corals (Acropora), which now occupy only 50% of their historic range.
Researchers have found a globular star cluster with 800 times less iron than the Sun and is three times more iron-poor than the previous record-holder. The study contradicts the standard picture of how these old star clusters formed in the early universe.