Researchers at CNIC have discovered a mechanism explaining how macrophages regulate obesity and related diseases like fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. The study shows that oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial metabolism changes in macrophages, fostering inflammation and obesity.
A new study by the University of Tokyo's Institute of Industrial Science found that limiting warming to 1.5°C rather than 2°C above pre-industrial levels would significantly reduce global aridity, particularly in Mediterranean regions and western Europe. The research highlights the importance of considering regional impacts and suggest...
Scientists have published a new calculation to test for tiny differences between matter and antimatter, building on the 1963 Nobel Prize-winning experiment that observed a slight difference in kaon decays. The new calculation provides more accurate predictions for kaon decays and offers a way to search for effects beyond the Standard M...
Researchers have confirmed that calcium atoms create a high-temperature superconductor when injected into graphene on a silicon-carbide substrate. The calcium atoms 'float' between the upper graphene layer and the lower 'buffer' sheet, surprising scientists who had expected them to be between two carbon layers.
The review highlights the need for clear scientific and pharmaceutical standards when developing live biotherapeutic products. Key challenges include ensuring quality, demonstrating safety, and evaluating efficacy. The PRI's publication provides a framework for stakeholders in microbiome-based product development.
Tropical Depression Vicky is a shadow of its former self, devoid of precipitation around its low-level center. The cyclone's strengthening wind shear has caused it to weaken and become a remnant low later today.
Researchers have identified an invasive blood-sucking parasite on mud shrimp in British Columbia's Calvert Island, marking the northern-most record of its spread. The parasite, a bopyrid isopod, decimates mud shrimp populations and disrupts delicate ecosystems.
This study compares native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) patencies across countries, revealing significant variation in rates and predictors of long-term function. New AVFs that fail to mature successfully associate with increased mortality risk, emphasizing the need for individualized access selection and clinical pathways.
Researchers found that worms can 'read' the small RNA of a pathogen and evolve a response to stay healthier, creating a nascent adaptive immune system. The small RNA, P11, is absorbed by the worm intestine and then passed on to subsequent generations.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute found the clock that sets the speed of embryonic development, discovering it's based on protein breakdown and replacement. Human motor neurons take twice as long to form as mouse motor neurons due to slower protein turnover.
The Phish Scale uses a rating system to analyze message content in phishing emails, providing insights into why users click or don't click. By understanding these cues, CISOs can optimize their phishing training programs for specific target audiences and improve user preparedness against real phishing scenarios.
A machine-learning tool analyzed COVID-19 publications revealing a shortage of basic lab-based studies on the virus's microbiology. This gap may hinder our ability to contain future pandemics.
A new study published in Stroke Journal Report found a significant link between smoking and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of bleeding stroke. Heavy and moderate smokers had three times the risk of fatal SAH, while light smokers had slightly less risk.
A 20-year study by University of Queensland researchers found that child neglect was the most severe type of maltreatment associated with teen pregnancy, as well as poor educational and psychological outcomes. Neglected children were also more likely to experience substance abuse problems and psychotic episodes.
Researchers found a sixfold variation in itraconazole levels in tumor samples of lung cancer patients treated with the drug at a fixed dose. The levels correlated with tumor shrinkage and growth inhibition. Higher blood and tumor levels led to greater decreases in tumor volumes and reductions in new blood vessel formation.
Two Pitt projects have received more than $1 million in NSF funding, one investigating the water wettability of floating graphene and the other developing high-performance materials for liquid-phase energy storage systems.
A study published in PNAS explains how Lévy walks, a type of chaotic movement, allow animals to balance exploration and exploitation. The model used by the author shows that these movements emerge near critical points, enabling animals to respond strongly to environmental stimuli.
A global survey reveals a lack of public trust in how genetic data is shared, hindering genomic research. Less than half of respondents would be happy to share their genetic information for more than one purpose.
A study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that only 54% of medical practitioners have prescribed pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to HIV-vulnerable patients, highlighting a need for increased adoption of the preventive medication.
A new algorithm developed by Cornell researchers improves the efficient distribution of food resources among patrons, boosting nutrition levels. The Food Bank of the Southern Tier saw a 7.73% increase in efficiency from 2018 to 2019 using the optimized allocation system.
International model comparison reveals Greenland Ice Sheet will contribute 9cm to global sea-level rise by 2100, while Antarctic predictions vary between -7.8 to 30cm. However, ice-sheet models for Greenland underestimate the current changes in the ice sheet due to climate change.
Scientists have developed an all-optical imaging system that captures ultrafast dynamic processes at a record-breaking frame rate of 15 trillion frames per second. The method uses non-collinear optical parametric amplifiers, allowing for high spatial and temporal resolutions, and has the potential to become a new microscopy technique.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill and Stanford solve the high-resolution structure of psychedelic compounds bound to the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, revealing key insights into their therapeutic potential. The discovery sets the stage for the exploration of more precise compounds with strong therapeutic effects.
Researchers found that asymptomatic breast cancer patients with brain metastases had fewer and smaller tumors, received less aggressive treatment, and lived longer than those who developed symptoms. The study suggests that early detection of brain metastases could improve survival rates for these patients.
A new study reveals that many primary forests in Europe are not protected and are at risk of being destroyed. The researchers found that only a small percentage of the forest types they assessed had more than half of their old growth strictly protected, highlighting the need for strict conservation protections to be put in place.
Researchers observed stellar winds around cool red giant stars using ALMA Observatory, finding disk-shaped, spiral, and cone-like structures. The team concludes that companions or exoplanets influence the shape of stellar winds and planetary nebulae.
Research from King's College London found COVID-19 can be diagnosed using emergency stroke scans. The scans capture lung images showing 'ground glass opacification,' which predicts increased mortality and informs PPE use, triage, and contact tracing.
Scientists discovered that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi supply nitrogen to plants through a newly identified protein, enabling crops like rice to thrive with reduced fertilizer use. The finding could lead to more sustainable agricultural practices and reduce environmental impact by minimizing agrochemical use.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a molecular imaging probe to reveal γ-secretase related to Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to better understand the etiology of AD and facilitate drug discovery.
Researchers found that toe springs can reduce power output from the foot, leading to weaker muscles. The study suggests that this could contribute to conditions like plantar fasciitis.
A recent study found that combining aspirin, metformin, and statins may decrease lung cancer incidence and mortality. The research analyzed data from over 732,000 Koreans and discovered that concurrent use of these medications was associated with lower risk and mortality rates.
The $7.2 million grant will fund research across three UC San Diego laboratories and two others based in Germany to understand the basic mechanisms underlying Parkinson's disease. Researchers aim to unravel the biology of LRRK2, a protein linked to genetically inherited Parkinson's disease.
The AERA and OECD will co-host a webinar to explore priorities and planning for education research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research leaders from around the world will share insights on how education research is contributing to the response and offer evidence-based policies to inform decision-making.
A new CRISPR-based diagnostic, STOPCovid, has shown improved sensitivity in detecting Covid-19 cases, with a detection rate of 93%. The test can produce results in 30 minutes to an hour and is being developed for point-of-care use.
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a crisp new image of Jupiter's storms, revealing a bright white plume traveling around the planet at 350 miles per hour. The Great Red Spot, currently an exceptionally rich red color, is shrinking in size and appears to be interacting with surrounding clouds.
Future healthcare professionals lack training to address opioid use disorder and pain; a new 14-week course aims to bridge this gap. The course, 'Opioids: From Receptors to Epidemic,' provides a clinical understanding of pain and substance use disorders, as well as knowledge about public health and opioid policy interventions.
A recent study by SMU psychology professor Nathan Hudson found that people experience higher levels of happiness when socializing with friends compared to spending time with family members. The research revealed that being around romantic partners predicted the least amount of happiness among these three groups.
Researchers developed a new method to determine the effectiveness of combining two antibiotics, providing greater scope for customizing treatment. The CombiANT method allows laboratories to easily test interactions and can provide crucial information for treating bacterial infections.
A 90-minute COVID-19 test has been shown to have high accuracy, producing few false negatives and no false positives. The test is currently being used across eight London hospitals and is expected to be rolled out nationally.
Researchers found that COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets or aerosols, not surfaces. Social distance and proper ventilation are crucial in reducing transmission risk. Novel community isolation quarantine facilities can effectively manage COVID-19 without serious adverse outcomes.
A Rutgers study found that children on oral steroids are at higher risk of developing diabetes, high blood pressure, and blood clots, with high-dose steroid users facing the greatest risk. The study, which examined over 933,000 US children, also found that these complications were more common among those with autoimmune diseases.
Researchers identified key markers that can pinpoint patients at risk of severe COVID-19, associating neutrophil cells and glucocorticoid receptors with disease severity. This finding could lead to personalized treatment approaches for patients with reduced glucocorticoid receptor expression.
The conference features research on cutting-edge topics such as computational health, machine learning for wireless networks, and the impact of 5G technologies. MobiCom 2020 also highlights keynotes from experts in the field, including a discussion on brain-computer interfaces and the future of 5G infrastructure.
A global citizens' assembly consisting of at least 100 lay citizens from around the world would explore and deliberate on genome editing technologies and regulatory principles. This assembly aims to address the lack of consistent governance and bridge gaps between community values, improving overall governance of genome editing technology
A University of Illinois study identifies a naturally occurring sugar called glycans that slows sperm maturation in pigs, allowing for extended sperm storage time. The discovery has potential applications in fertility testing and AI success rates.
Researchers found that moderate coffee drinkers had a lower risk of death from colorectal cancer compared to non-coffee drinkers. The study suggests that coffee's antioxidant properties may contribute to its potential health benefits for patients with the disease.
Researchers at ETH Zurich propose an alternative theory for the formation of the Alps, suggesting that the mountains were uplifted by the subduction of the Eurasian plate beneath the Adriatic microplate. This new model simulates the processes leading to the formation of the Alps and explains the observed seismicity in the region.
Researchers examine whether animals can be deceived by magic effects, offering a window into their cognitive parallels and variances with humans.
T cells play a crucial role in immune response and cancer treatment. Researchers have identified key factors influencing T cell development, which can impact the body's ability to control infections or tumor growth.
Researchers used closed-loop, acoustic stimulation neurotechnology to alleviate insomnia symptoms and improve autonomic nervous system function. Participants showed clinically meaningful reductions in insomnia symptoms and significant improvements in autonomic cardiovascular regulation after just three weeks of treatment.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have characterized ten distinct structures of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its interaction with human cells. The study provides new insight into the virus's ability to infect human cells and informs the development of vaccines and treatments.
The R2D2 Consortium uses aggregated patient data from over 45 million patients to answer publicly submitted questions about COVID-19 treatment and outcomes. The platform allows diverse health systems to maintain control of their data, ensuring individual privacy while providing robust results.
A study found that 26% of young hospitalised patients with COVID-19 developed pneumonia, while severe cases accounted for 2%. The study highlights the risk of pneumonia and severe pneumonia among young individuals, emphasizing the need for awareness and vigilance.
A Rutgers-led team has created a smart drug delivery system to reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair in damaged nervous tissues. The system, which uses ultrathin biomaterials, aims to improve the treatment of spinal cord injuries and other neurological disorders.
A five-part series outlines a therapeutic risk management approach for assessing and managing the risk of 'other-directed violence' in patients with psychiatric disorders. The approach focuses on five essential elements: screening, assessment, and management of the risk of ODV.
A meta-analytic study of existing research found that frequent quizzes help students better grasp classroom material, leading to improved academic performance. The study discovered a strong link between quizzing and student success, with students who took quizzes performing better on midterm and final exams.
A new study finds that global plastic emissions may exceed reduction targets by 2030, requiring a fundamental transformation of the plastics economy. To mitigate this issue, experts suggest reducing unnecessary plastics, establishing global limits for new production, and improving waste management.
Researchers have developed a new method that pairs functional mapping in live mice with distinguishing structural information, providing unprecedented insights into the coupling of visual areas in the mouse brain. This technique enables scientists to distinguish borders and contents of regions more precisely, shedding light on how stru...
Researchers have discovered that HSCs from early human embryos can multiply approximately 200-500 times more than those from umbilical cord blood, potentially revolutionizing blood cancer treatment. This breakthrough could lead to advances in expanding HSCs from bone marrow and cord blood, increasing the available blood supply.
Researchers have successfully applied CRISPR gene editing to influence the levels of beta-glucan in barley grain, with implications for brewing and distilling industries. The study provides insight into key genes responsible for barley grain composition, enabling plant breeders to accelerate breeding and develop new crop varieties.