Researchers developed bistable inflatable structures using triangular building blocks that can fold flat and be combined to build closed, multistable shapes. These structures maintain their shape without constant input of pressure, enabling faster deployment and use in various applications.
Researchers at UC Riverside develop method to estimate air quality in neighborhoods affected by wildfire smoke, providing critical data for public health officials. The new approach fills gaps in current methods by predicting particulate matter concentrations over short distances.
Raising water levels in agricultural peatlands can mitigate climate change by reducing CO2 emissions. Halving drainage depths could cut emissions by 1% of all global GHG emissions, equivalent to 500 million tons of CO2 annually.
A new study in Arthritis & Rheumatology identifies specific blood markers to distinguish excessive COVID-19 inflammation from cytokine storm syndromes. This finding has significant implications for treating critically ill patients with COVID-19.
A study by Brandi Wren found that monkeys carrying whipworm parasites exhibit reduced social grooming and cuddling, implying a link between infections and behavioral changes. This research opens new avenues for understanding animal behavior and human health, particularly in the context of social distancing and contagion.
Scientists discovered that mice categorize surprisingly well, even assigning patterns they've never seen before into correct categories. Category-selective neurons in the prefrontal cortex gradually develop during category learning, playing a key role in long-term memory.
Researchers have developed intelligent, battery-less sensors that can precisely monitor district heating grids and provide valuable knowledge for optimized operation. The sensors will enable plants to optimize pipeline grid efficiency and reduce heat loss.
The ACTIV-2 trial is testing SAB-185, a fully-human polyclonal antibody therapeutic candidate for COVID-19. The trial will enroll participants with mild or moderate cases of the disease and evaluate its safety and efficacy.
The integration of mobile elements in terrestrial and underwater wireless sensor networks enhances communication between nodes. This leads to a decrease in energy consumption, improved energy efficiency, and extended network lifetimes.
Researchers have developed ultrasonically oscillating needles that provide sufficient tissue samples for 21st century diagnostic needs, potentially reducing pain and trauma. The technology increases biopsy yields by 3 to 6 times compared to traditional needles, enabling high-tech cancer treatment options.
A new analysis of the EAGLES trial data found that varenicline does not increase the risk of psychiatric problems in people without a history. In those with a psychiatric history, it likely did not cause problems but with less certainty.
University of Groningen researchers used artificial intelligence to analyze the Dead Sea Scrolls, identifying two scribes who wrote the famous Great Isaiah Scroll. The AI tool separated text from background and analyzed handwriting patterns, revealing differences between the two scribes.
A study has found that the recolonization of Europe after the last ice age began at least 17,000 years ago, earlier than previously thought. The analysis of an ancient DNA fragment from northeastern Italy sheds new light on the genetic background of present-day Europeans.
Scientists have invented a way to break down compostable plastics into small molecules within weeks using just heat and water. The new process involves embedding polyester-eating enzymes in the plastic, which then degrade it into lactic acid that can feed soil microbes.
A massive flare from Proxima Centauri, the star closest to our sun, has been detected, shattering previous records. The flare was observed for 40 hours using nine telescopes and produced a wide spectrum of radiation.
Rising freshwater salt pollution poses a significant threat to ecosystem health and human water security, with predicted increases over 50% in US streams by 2100. Researchers have identified opportunities to reduce salt pollution through watershed management, industrial regulation, and household product adoption.
Researchers used stereophotogrammetry to analyze aerial photos from the 1960s and 1970s, revealing a digital elevation model of part of Datong City before urbanization. Trenching along the fault trace found evidence of five previously unknown earthquakes, increasing the risk of a large earthquake in the future.
Pharmacist-led programs have been shown to prevent medication-related harms such as cognitive impairment and falls in older adults. Medication reviews and education for healthcare professionals were the most common interventions.
A new study published in Menopause suggests that poor sleep quality is associated with female sexual dysfunction, while good sleep quality is linked to increased sexual activity. The study of over 3,400 women found that insufficient sleep quality was a significant factor in female sexual problems during midlife.
A new Penn State study has found that higher mushroom consumption is associated with a lower risk of cancer. The systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed data from over 19,500 cancer patients and found individuals who ate 18 grams of mushrooms daily had a 45% lower risk of cancer compared to non-mushroom eaters.
Researchers at West Virginia University are developing a technology to extract rare earth elements from acid mine drainage, producing up to 400 tons annually. This process could help address water pollution and dependence on imports, as the US currently imports nearly all its rare earth elements.
Researchers found that piperlongumine binds to and inhibits TRPV2 protein, which is overexpressed in glioblastoma, a type of brain cancer. The treatment radically shrank tumors and extended life in two mouse models.
Astronomers have observed a record-breaking flare from Proxima Centauri, the Sun's nearest neighbor, using nine instruments. This extreme outburst offers valuable insights into stellar flares and their potential impact on exoplanet life.
A recent study from Medical University of South Carolina and the University of South Carolina found that rural children are less likely to receive preventive dental care than their urban counterparts. This disparity can have serious consequences for children's oral health, including increased risk of decay and bacterial growth.
Researchers found a nanoscale aqueous fluid inclusion containing at least 15% carbon dioxide in the Sutter's Mill meteorite, confirming calcite crystals can contain liquid water and CO2. The discovery provides insights into the origins of the meteorite's parent asteroid and the solar system's early history.
A new smartphone-based ECG screening has accurately detected previously unknown atrial fibrillation in American Indians. The study found that more than half of diagnosed cases were younger than the recommended age of 65, highlighting the need for earlier screening and treatment.
Researchers found that gene regulatory mechanisms at an early embryonic stage govern the flowering behavior of Arabidopsis later in development. The FLC transcript is antagonistically regulated by FCA and FRI, with FRI promoting longer and functional FLC protein levels.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center and economists at the University of Dallas found that consistent use of food pantries can improve food security, health, and well-being. The researchers calculated a 10 percentage-point increase in pantry visits led to a 5.7% reduced likelihood of food insecurity.
A study published in PLOS Biology suggests delaying the second dose of COVID-19 vaccines for 9-15 weeks after the first dose can avoid more hospitalizations, infections, and deaths. The researchers found that prioritizing widespread inoculation with available first doses is critical to mitigating adverse outcomes.
Researchers created a low-cost ultrasound training phantom to train treatment of trigger fingers using ultrasound guidance. The 3D-printed anatomical finger model, embedded in ballistic gelatin, allows for precise insertion of a syringe needle and mimics human anatomy and echogenic appearance.
Scientists at Université libre de Bruxelles discover a new mechanism behind the development of metaplasia in the oesophagus, a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The study reveals that reactivation of the Hedgehog pathway triggers cellular changes leading to the conversion of squamous cells into columnar cells.
A study reveals that the Finnish energy transition is shaped by mental models drawing from competition, hierarchy, and continuous economic growth. These myths, such as The Rock Solid and Big Brother, have roots in shared deep beliefs about reality construction and shape the energy marketing system.
Recent advances in understanding atherosclerosis have shifted traditional views on who is at risk for heart attacks and strokes, highlighting the importance of HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and inflammation. This review paper explores these changes and their implications for treatment and prevention.
The cryosphere plays a vital role in regulating global climate, and NASA studies its changes extensively. Scientists have reported dramatic ice sheet losses in Greenland and Antarctica, causing sea levels to rise by 0.55 inches over 16 years.
A Rutgers study found that while 98% of young sexual minority men and transgender women knew about PrEP, less than 25% were taking it. Factors associated with PrEP use varied by race, with white participants more likely to use it if they had positive beliefs and received education from healthcare providers.
A new study finds that climate change is a major consideration for people deciding whether or not to have children, with many citing concerns over resource depletion and population growth. The research identifies three themes: overconsumption, overpopulation, and an uncertain future, which can evoke feelings of guilt and moral obligation.
The Acceleration Consortium is using AI and robotics to design and discover new materials with superior performance characteristics. The collaboration aims to accelerate the development of materials for renewable energy, consumer electronics, drugs, and other applications.
A new UCLA study finds that a one-time injection of an experimental stem cell therapy can repair brain damage and improve memory function in mice with conditions that replicate human strokes and dementia. The therapy, developed from glial cells, stimulates the brain's own repair processes and enhances neural connections.
Cavatappi artificial muscles, developed by Northern Arizona University researchers, exhibit specific work and power metrics ten and five times higher than human skeletal muscles, respectively. These flexible actuators respond as fast as they can pump pressurized fluid and have demonstrated contractile efficiency of up to 45 percent.
Astronomers have found powerful evidence for a neutrino-driven explosion in the remains of a supernova called Cassiopeia A (Cas A). The discovery was made using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and suggests that titanium bubbles play a crucial role in driving the shock wave forward to trigger the supernova explosion.
A new study examines the factors that influence young women's disclosure of partner violence in their first relationships. The research reveals four patterns of partner violence and disclosure, including stigmatization, shame, and lack of support. The study highlights the importance of raising awareness about different types of partner...
Researchers found that AI algorithms significantly influenced participants' decisions on fictitious political candidates and online dating partners. The study suggests people prefer human-explicit advice for subjective matters like dating but rely on algorithms for rational decisions.
A study examined the association between short-term wildfire air pollution exposure and changes in eczema clinic visits and medications prescribed. The findings suggest a potential link between wildfire air pollution and eczema symptoms.
Researchers have proposed a photonic in-plane nodal chain and non-Abelian nodal link stabilized by generalized quaternion charges. These structures are uniquely stable in photonics due to internal symmetries of Maxwell equations, offering new insights into topological phases.
A new study reveals that the social cost of methane varies by an order of magnitude between industrialized and developing regions, with sub-Saharan Africa facing significantly lower costs. The study estimates a global mean cost of $922 per metric ton, decreasing to $130 for sub-Saharan Africa and rising to $8,040 for the US.
A study across 12 countries found that people tend to underreport COVID-19 protocol violations due to feelings of guilt and social pressure. The study suggests that a guilt-free approach may increase self-reported non-compliance with preventive measures.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have captured the first-ever image of an electron's orbit within an exciton using a revolutionary technique. The image shows the distribution of an electron around a hole inside an exciton, providing new insights into the nature of these fleeting particles.
Scientists developed a model showing that collective immunity emerged during the early COVID-19 epidemic but was destroyed as people changed their social behaviors over time. The model suggests that subsequent waves of infection will appear due to variations in imposed mitigations and pandemic fatigue.
A survey of 3,536 healthcare workers reveals that 67% are experiencing burnout. Healthcare workers who receive frequent COVID-19 tests are less likely to experience burnout compared to those who do not.
A new study found a marker of PTSD in brain regions associated with emotional regulation, particularly in those with impaired executive function. The researchers suggest that this subgroup may respond best to specific treatments targeting cognitive and brain functioning.
New research from the University of Waterloo reveals shift work disrupts the circadian clock, affecting immune response and increasing risk of infection. The study shows sex differences in immune system reactivity, with males more prone to overactivation and females better prepared to fight off infections.
The Black in Geoscience Week aims to increase representation and raise visibility among Black researchers, fostering networks and connections worldwide. The event has generated discussions on the importance of community and awareness among Black geoscientists, highlighting severe underrepresentation in the field.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that listening to calming music at bedtime can help older adults sleep better. Calming music improves sleep quality more than rhythmic music, and longer exposure (more than four weeks) is associated with greater benefits.
SARS coronaviruses enhance protein production in infected cells, leading to increased viral replication. The unique domain of the virus interacts with human Paip-1, binding to ribosomes and promoting viral protein synthesis.
A new analysis published in Psycho-Oncology found that fear of cancer recurrence leads to increased use of healthcare resources by cancer survivors. Implementing existing effective interventions for fear of cancer recurrence may improve both mental health and reduce unnecessary healthcare usage.
Recent study suggests that biblical texts in Dead Sea Scrolls were written by multiple scribes with mirrored writing styles. Artificial intelligence-based writer identification technique provides new evidence on unknown scribes.
New research suggests that reversing global warming quickly enough can prevent abrupt and irreversible changes triggered by climate tipping points. The study found that thresholds could be temporarily exceeded without permanent shifts, providing a lifeline to avoid dangerous climate change.
Researchers identified a new cognitive bias, 'generosity-erosion effect', where evaluators tend to become harsher after scoring one candidate generously. This effect decreases the likelihood of success for subsequent candidates by 7.7%.
A study of 58,389 European adults found no link between weight gain and improved cognitive performance in older age. The research suggests that weight gain may even be associated with poorer cognitive outcomes.
A new Stanford-led study develops a framework to calculate future floodwater volumes under climate change, identifying areas for infrastructure investments in California's aging water infrastructure. The tool aims to maximize groundwater recharge, reducing drought risks and building water reserves, while also mitigating flood risks.