A new system enables robots to recognize human workers and predict their poses, providing a safer and more efficient working environment. This allows robots to work side-by-side with humans on assembly lines without unnecessary interruptions.
A new study has found that childhood cognitive problems can lead to mental health issues in teenagers and young adults. The research highlights the potential impact of early cognitive deficits on young people's mental health, suggesting specific associations with certain conditions.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Cancer Center have discovered an NLRP3 inhibitor that can reduce inflammation in melanoma cells, potentially leading to reduced tumor growth and progression. The study's findings suggest that inhibiting NLRP3 could improve patient care for those resistant to checkpoint inhibitors.
Research on early treatments for cerebral palsy has generated limited supportive data, but emerging efforts aim to improve developmental motor outcomes in children with the condition. Newer, more targeted interventions are being explored to provide novel insights and transform treatment approaches.
A team of scientists has created a reusable, biodegradable sponge made from sunflower pollen that can absorb oil contaminants from contaminated water sources. The pollen sponge outperforms commercial oil absorbents in terms of absorption capacity and reusability.
A peptide nucleic acid-based gene editing technique has been identified as a crucial part of the gene editing toolkit, offering an alternative to CRISPR-Cas systems. The technique, developed by Carnegie Mellon's Danith Ly and Yale University's Peter Glazer, allows for in vivo gene editing using nanoparticles.
Researchers found that Parkinson's patients exhibit 53% lower step length synergy while crossing obstacles compared to healthy subjects. This impairment affects gait timing and foot positioning, making it difficult for patients to navigate obstacles safely, increasing the risk of falls.
A study by Karolinska Institutet found that 1 in 10 healthcare workers who had mild COVID-19 experienced long-term symptoms lasting at least 8 months, including fatigue, respiratory problems, and loss of smell and taste. These findings suggest that even mild cases of the virus can have a significant impact on quality of life.
Researchers discovered that itraconazole and fluoxetine effectively block SARS-CoV-2 virus production in laboratory cells. Combining these with remdesivir resulted in synergistic effects, inhibiting the virus by over 90%.
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is a major side effect of long-term medication, affecting millions worldwide. Researchers revealed the link between neuronal activity changes and dyskinesia, suggesting suppressing or restoring neurotransmission through key pathways may improve symptoms.
Researchers designed a polymer membrane with molecular cages that increase lithium ion flow by an order of magnitude, improving battery power and efficiency. The solvation cages selectively capture and transport lithium ions faster than their counter anions, enabling high-voltage battery cells to operate more efficiently.
Researcher Margarita López-Uribe will investigate the impact of artificial selection on pollinator ecology and evolution in agricultural landscapes. She aims to characterize changes in floral functional traits, pollinator foraging behavior, and genetic underpinnings of sensory system adaptations.
The biodiversity collections community should implement a global plan by 2030 to maximize its value to the scientific enterprise. The plan should draw on existing capacity and highlight five pillars: collecting new samples, digitization, data integration, education, and infrastructure.
Researchers discovered a direct link between Parkin and the activation of mitophagy in Parkinson's, as well as its role in type 2 diabetes and cancer. The study found that AMPK, ULK1, and Parkin form a crucial pathway in cellular stress response.
Scientists at Weizmann Institute of Science and MIT measure electronic entropy in twisted bilayer graphene, revealing giant magnetic entropy. The discovery provides an electronic analogue to the Pomeranchuk effect, where a material can exhibit unusual phase transitions.
Researchers at Skoltech created a new electronegativity scale, improving Pauling's original scale with a formula that treats molecule stabilization as a multiplicative effect. The new scale works for both small and large differences in electronegativity, accurately predicting chemical bond energies and reactions.
Type 1 diabetes and diabetic neuropathy contribute to various bone structure impacts but don't fully explain higher fracture risk in patients. Balance and muscle strength also play a role in increased fracture risk, according to new findings.
A study by University of Virginia researchers reveals that people systematically default to additive strategies, overlooking subtractive ideas. This habit can lead to missed opportunities to improve the world through subtraction, with implications across various contexts, including engineering and policy.
A study of 1,600 people found that 1 in 10 agreed strongly with COVID-19 conspiracy theories, with younger, stressed individuals more likely to hold extreme views. Cognitive biases were also identified, with those who believed in conspiracies being less critical of contradictory information.
A new protocol called Quit Connect has been shown to increase electronic referrals to free, state-run tobacco quitlines among patients with rheumatic diseases. The program, which leverages electronic health record prompts for nurses and medical assistants, resulted in a 71% increase in referrals.
The authors argue that a structural change to national Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) guidelines is needed to ensure inclusion of an Equity Officer and health equity specialists. This change could help mitigate inequities in hospital responses during disasters, particularly for historically marginalized populations.
A new test for Lyme disease has been developed to reliably distinguish between early- and late-stage patients. The test targets genetic sequences left by a virus in Lyme-causing bacteria and can detect as few as one bacterial cell in a small blood sample, making it highly sensitive.
A new natural blue food coloring has been developed by converting anthocyanins in red cabbage using a custom enzyme. The discovery could provide an eco-friendly alternative to widely used synthetic blue dyes.
The UC Davis Conte Center will discover biomarkers for at-risk pregnancies and develop new treatments to prevent detrimental effects of maternal infection on brain development in offspring. The center aims to understand the origins of significant mental health disorders, with implications for current and future generations.
A study of 558 college students reveals that higher ADHD symptoms are associated with increased stress levels. The researchers found that strengthening protective factors like social skills, social support, and goal efficacy can help alleviate these effects.
Scientists have identified an early indicator of magma viscosity that can be measured before a volcanic eruption, enabling them to forecast the potential danger. This discovery, published in Nature, could lead to more accurate assessments of volcano behavior and improved emergency response strategies.
Researchers estimated muon's magnetic field strength using a fully verified theory independent of experimental measurements. The result aligns with the standard model of particle physics, suggesting no need for new physics to explain the phenomenon.
Scientists from Argonne National Laboratory and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory have conducted an experiment to test the current understanding of the universe. The first result points to the existence of undiscovered particles or forces, which could help explain long-standing scientific mysteries like dark matter.
A study by the University of Helsinki found that event horses wearing thin or thick bits had a greater risk of moderate or severe oral lesions compared to those wearing medium-sized bits. The research recommends using a jointed bit of moderate thickness, particularly for mares and certain horse breeds.
Researchers found a molecular link between Parkinson's disease and melanoma, with amyloid proteins α-synuclein and Pmel interacting in melanoma cells. This interaction may lead to reduced pigment production, contributing to the increased risk of melanoma in Parkinson's patients.
Global clinical trial completion rates dropped by 13-23% during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new study. The decline was most significant in trials funded by government, academic or medical entities, and was attributed to reduced patient enrollment and increased challenges in following up on patients.
A team of researchers explored the effect of solar radiation modification technologies on ecology, focusing on a specific strategy called stratospheric aerosol intervention (SAI) that creates a sulfate aerosol cloud in the stratosphere to reduce incoming sunlight and radiation. The study highlights the complexity of cascading relations...
A new study published in Neurology found that losing function in both senses may put individuals at greater risk of dementia and cognitive decline years later. Researchers analyzed data from 6,520 people between the ages of 58 and 101, finding that those with both hearing and vision impairments were twice as likely to develop dementia.
School-based interventions, particularly peer-assisted instruction and small-group teaching, have positive effects on reading and mathematics for students with academic difficulties. These targeted interventions can substantially boost skills in these students.
A clinical practice review article by Rita Kalyani provides a systematic approach for treating patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The article recommends using GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, particularly for patients with heart or blood vessel disease, to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events.
Researchers have identified a key pathway that regulates the transition of the brain from highly plastic to stable states in developing fruit fly larvae. This discovery has implications for understanding and potentially treating neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy, which are linked to the failure to...
The Binational Early Asthma and Microbiome Study (BEAMS) examines how the 'hygiene hypothesis' affects children's risk of asthma in Mexico and the US. The study explores the role of microbiomes, family health history, and environmental exposures in developing asthma.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have developed carbon dots from human hair waste to enhance perovskite solar cell performance. The carbon nanodots form a wave-like layer surrounding the perovskite crystals, protecting them from environmental factors and improving power conversion efficiency.
Researchers at KIST have created a large-scale CO2 conversion system using a sea urchin-shaped nano copper catalyst, which increases catalytic activity and yields ethylene by over 50%. The findings suggest that increasing copper hydroxide content is key to enhancing efficiency.
A study of 3.4 million live births in 2018 found that criminalizing immigrant policies were associated with higher preterm birth rates for Black women born outside the US, while inclusive policies were linked to lower preterm birth rates for all women born outside the US and particularly White women outside the US.
Dr. Helen Fernandez will receive the 2021 Dennis W. Jahnigen Award for her commitment to building the geriatrics health workforce and improving care of older adults through innovative education programs and pathways.
Researchers identified a single personality component related to Confidence/Aggressiveness in red deer, which is also linked to dominance behavior. The study's findings suggest that understanding individual differences in animal behavior can improve welfare management decisions.
Researchers propose that luxury goods possess a unique trait of being durable, allowing consumers to buy fewer, higher-end products that will last longer. Marketers can help consumers focus on durability by emphasizing the long-lasting nature of high-end products.
A collaboration between Michigan State University, Spectrum Health, and Niowave is testing a new radiotherapy approach for bladder cancer. The therapy combines radiotherapy with immunotherapy, which helps the patient's immune system fight off disease, aiming to improve safety and effectiveness.
Insilico Medicine will present its latest results in modern and next-generation AI for generative chemistry at ACS Spring 2021. The company's Chemistry42 platform facilitates the discovery of novel small molecule leads in several therapeutic areas, integrating AI techniques with computational and medicinal chemistry methods.
The film IN SILICO chronicles the ambitious quest to simulate the human brain on supercomputers, exposing controversy and ego in the scientific process. It encourages critical evaluation of brain research and technology, highlighting the need for a more nuanced approach to neuroscience.
Researchers replaced regenerator materials with activated carbon, increasing cooling capacity and reducing temperature fluctuations. The use of superactivated carbon particles enabled the creation of a low-cost alternative to precious metals.
A study published in Radiology found that chest CT scans can assess body composition and predict mortality risk in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Higher intermuscular fat was linked to higher mortality rates, while subcutaneous adipose tissue was associated with lower risks.
Patients with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis developed a positive antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination, but at lower levels than healthy individuals. The findings highlight the need to reconsider vaccination schedules for this patient group.
Subgenome fractionation determines hybrid vigor in maize, with one subgenome experiencing more gene loss than the other. This leads to increased protein accumulation and a nonadditive effect on heterosis in F1 plants.
A novel cancer diagnosis technique using circularly polarized LEDs can detect precancerous lesions and early cancer, providing valuable information for treatment decisions. The method uses spin-LEDs to emit circularly polarized light, which interacts with healthy and unhealthy cells differently.
New research from Trinity College Dublin suggests a correlation between increasing Sika deer populations and higher local bovine TB infections in Ireland. The study found that County Wicklow is a hotspot for both Sika deer and TB infections.
The University of Alaska Fairbanks will establish a new research observatory in Gakona, Alaska, to explore the upper atmosphere and geospace environment. The observatory will use instruments such as the Ionospheric Research Instrument and lidar to study space weather and its effects on Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere.
Researchers have identified key mechanisms that enable cancer cells to resist therapies targeting mutated KRAS protein. The findings suggest a potential role for rational drug design and combination therapy in overcoming resistance.
The study describes clinical characteristics of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, including age range and symptom severity. Key findings highlight the importance of early detection and effective management to prevent long-term consequences.
The University of Arkansas has been awarded a $10.8 million NIH grant to establish an integrative metabolic research center, focusing on diseases like cancer, diabetes, and obesity. The center will combine expertise in advanced imaging, bioenergetics, and data science to explore the role of cell and tissue metabolism.
A large study found that nearly 30% of patients with coronary artery disease have diabetes, significantly higher than the general population. Patients with heart disease and diabetes had worse outcomes, including a 38% higher risk of death during a five-year follow-up.
A new polymer-based battery can charge in seconds, outperforming traditional lithium-ion batteries. It is also safer and has a lower environmental impact due to the use of nickel instead of cobalt.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a novel implantable sensor using color-stable gold nanoparticles that report concentration changes of substances in the body through color changes, enabling long-term monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic success.
Researchers discovered a 800-meter diameter comet nucleus with large grains of phyllosilicate, similar to talcum powder, and evidence of organic molecules. The team used the Subaru Telescope to observe thermal infrared radiation, indicating the surface temperature had reached over 330 degrees Celsius in the past.