Researchers investigated the prevalence of portopulmonary hypertension among patients with chronic liver disease at Shinshu University Hospital. The study aims to clarify the condition's etiology and pathophysiology, as well as identify risk factors for its onset.
Researchers developed natural lactic acid bacterium that secretes antimicrobial peptide nisin, extending food shelf life and reducing waste. Nisin is approved for use in various foods to prevent spoilage and foodborne illness.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new method for plant breeding that considers the internal 'calculator' of plant seeds, allowing for more efficient crop improvement. The approach uses NIRS to analyze the chemical composition of grains and identify optimal genetic traits.
A new study by the University of Melbourne found that combining fishing and ocean warming has a devastating impact on fish populations. The research, published in PNAS, discovered that four generations are needed for the effects to manifest, with strongest declines observed where large individuals were fished out.
A new study found that rapamycin impairs mitochondrial function in guinea pig models of osteoarthritis, worsening disease severity. The drug, which extends lifespan, also caused a rise in blood glucose levels and impaired skeletal muscle function.
A new study found that high-intensity cycling sprints can increase maximum oxygen consumption, anaerobic power, and total blood volume, improving aerobic exercise endurance. These results may encourage people to exercise with a short and effective workout that only takes 10 minutes a day.
Researchers discovered that exposure to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can cause persistent gene expression changes in airway cells, which may contribute to COVID long-hauler symptoms. The study's findings suggest a potential genetic basis for the lingering symptoms and could lead to personalized treatment approaches.
A recent study has shown that the deep sea is home to a vast array of unique and highly specific organisms, including protists, foraminifera, and ciliates. The diversity of these organisms was found to be highly specific to individual deep-sea basins, with little overlap between them and coastal regions.
A new study suggests that cooling breaks can improve autophagic function in older adults, potentially reducing cellular damage from extreme heat. Researchers found that visiting a cooling center reduced core body temperature and improved markers of autophagy in participants.
The study found that 25.4% of vaccinated people experienced systemic side effects, with headache being the most common, while local side effects were reported by 66.2%.
A novel chemical tool, ADdis-Cys, has been developed to elucidate protein interaction networks in cells. It enables the simultaneous identification of a protein's interacting partners and pinpointing of their binding regions.
Researchers found that breastfed children scored higher on neurocognitive tests, with the strongest association seen in those breastfed for more than 12 months. The study, which analyzed over 9,000 participants, suggests that any amount of breastfeeding has a positive cognitive impact.
A new study finds that prolonged exposure to extreme heat and humidity increases the risk of acute kidney injury. The risk was found to be highest when environmental conditions outpaced the body's ability to cool itself without access to cooling and hydration measures.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have developed a platform for interactive soft materials that can respond to external stimuli in predictable ways. By mimicking the natural oscillators found in animals, the team created a diverse array of oscillators that can move in unison and adapt to changes in light and temperature.
A daily dose of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) improved mental wellbeing by reducing anxiety levels and enhancing gut health in a group of healthy female participants. The study found significant positive effects on both psychological and physiological markers of mental health.
Cholestenone inhibits H. pylori cell wall biosynthesis by suppressing CGL production, effective against clarithromycin-resistant strains and eradicating bacteria in mice fed with cholestenone-containing diets.
Researchers found that applying deep heat cream before exercise boosts endurance by an average of two minutes in male volunteers. The study suggests that this technique could improve performance in elite and recreational athletes.
A study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health found that nearly one-quarter (23.6%) of children and adolescents were involuntarily admitted to psychiatric hospitals. Involuntary hospitalisation is associated with factors such as race, ethnicity, psychosis, substance misuse, and intellectual disability.
A four-year effort in California has lowered the state's C-section rate for low-risk, first-time mothers to below the national average, according to a Stanford-led study. The campaign, which included messaging, public reporting, and quality improvement initiatives, resulted in a reduction from 26% in 2014 to 22.8% in 2019.
Researchers tracked global ship movements and found a 70.2% decrease in Exclusive Economic Zones during the pandemic's early stages. The impact of reduced boat traffic allowed some marine ecosystems to recover, with clearer water observed in Venice's canals and reduced underwater noise at Vancouver.
Researchers use computer-assisted techniques to reconstruct ancient pronunciation of undocumented words, achieving a success rate of 76% in predicting word forms. The study's findings improve understanding of Western Kho-Bwa languages and their linguistic history.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze data from preterm infants with BPD, identifying clusters that predicted comorbidities and rehospitalizations. This could lead to earlier and more precise diagnoses, enabling personalized treatments.
A study maps COVID-19 health disparities in Greater Santiago, finding three times higher mortality rates in low-income areas due to limited access to testing and healthcare. The research also reveals striking disparities between high and low socioeconomic-status municipalities.
A recent study from MIT's Picower Institute reveals that anesthesia, specifically propofol, dramatically changes and controls the dynamics of brain rhythms. This alteration affects the coordination between the thalamus and cortical regions, leading to a slower pace of neural activity.
Researchers at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital found that eosinophils modify the respiratory barrier during influenza A infection, helping to protect the airway. The study also suggests a potential antiviral role for eosinophils in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infections.
A team of engineers is exploring new methods to focus ultrasound waves through the skull, offering a safer and less expensive alternative to MRI technology. The researchers are also investigating how vibrations and waves across different frequencies can be used to extract information from or focus energy on the brain.
A recent study published in Radiology found that regular exercise can reduce the long-term risk of bronchiectasis, a potentially serious airway disease. The study, which analyzed data from over 2,000 healthy young adults, found that preservation of cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with lower odds of developing bronchiectasis.
People with autoimmune rheumatic diseases are more likely to develop heart attacks and strokes due to chronic inflammation. Regular exercise improves vascular function, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis and promoting structural recovery of damaged arteries.
Researchers detected a new chemical signature, hydroxyl radical (OH), on the dayside of WASP-33b, an ultra-hot Jupiter. The discovery provides insight into the chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres and could help search for 'Earth-like' planets.
A study examined how seed microbiomes of canola are assembled, finding that both genetic and environmental factors play a role. The researchers discovered a core microbiome in all seed samples with potentially beneficial microbes like Pseudomonas spp., which promote plant growth.
The current loss of tropical forest fauna impedes achieving SDGs, threatening food security, infectious disease outbreaks, and climate change mitigation. Defaunation also jeopardizes human well-being and cultural significance.
A new study suggests that ambitious climate policies can alleviate poverty reduction challenges by redistributing emission pricing revenues and promoting fair international burden sharing. The research projects that implementing these measures could lead to a small reduction in global poverty of around 6 million people by 2030.
A new study by researchers at the VA Portland Health Care System found that morning bright light therapy improved physical and mental symptoms for veterans with traumatic brain injury. The therapy showed significant benefits in cognitive function, sleep, depression, and neuropsychiatric trauma symptoms.
A team of researchers at Texas A&M University has successfully developed a heat-inactivation method that can neutralize the coronavirus in less than a second. This innovative approach uses high temperatures to break down the virus, providing a potential solution for mitigating the spread of COVID-19. The findings have significant impli...
Researchers found that duloxetine inhibited platelet function and protected against clot formation, potentially benefiting patients with both depression and cardiovascular disease. The study aims to develop new drugs based on the structure of duloxetine to protect from thrombosis.
Severe droughts prompted landowners to grant rights to non-elites, who promoted institutional changes through cooperation. Climate shocks also influenced agricultural activities and social orders in developing countries., Climate crises in Mesopotamia led to the development of cooperative relationships between elites and non-elites.
A team of researchers has created the first-ever single-cell atlas of the human teeth, revealing cellular heterogeneity and stem cell populations with great regenerative potential. The study highlights the importance of microenvironmental specificity in functional differences between stem cells in various tooth compartments.
A global research team has created a previously unknown two-dimensional material called beryllonitrene, which exhibits a distorted electronic lattice structure. This new material has great potential for applications in quantum technology, including high-performance computing and secure communication.
Researchers develop Nanotraps that capture SARS-CoV-2 viruses within the body, utilizing the body's own immune system to destroy them. The therapy has shown promising results in early stages of testing and could potentially be administered via a nasal spray as a treatment for COVID-19.
Scientists from Würzburg developed CRISPR-Cas9 based diagnostic platform LEOPARD to detect multiple RNAs simultaneously, enabling simultaneous detection of viruses and other pathogens. The technology has the potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics for infectious diseases and rare genetic diseases.
Gladstone researchers have identified specific subsets of CD4+ T cells that are most susceptible to HIV infection. The team used a technology called CyTOF/PP-SLIDE to classify these cells and found that remodeling caused infected blood cells to alter their surface, potentially helping the virus infect more cells.
Researchers found people of color were more likely to know someone who died from COVID-19 and had greater difficulty accessing testing. Racial-ethnic minorities reported positive changes in substance use behavior during the pandemic.
Researchers develop a new sensor that can detect Ebola in a single drop of blood and provide results in just an hour. The technology also shows promise for detecting COVID-19 and other viruses.
The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a 44% increase in insomnia disorder among health care workers, with the highest rates among those who spent less time in direct patient care. Surprisingly, about 10% of faculty physicians and nurses reported their insomnia improving after the onset of the pandemic.
African waters contribute to global fish supply, generating $15 billion for Africa's GDP in 2011. However, climate change and pollution threaten fish stocks, raising concerns about sustainability. A new study uses AIS satellite data to describe spatial characteristics of African and foreign industrial fishing activities.
The Future Ready Food Safety Hub (FRESH) is a tripartite collaboration between NTU, SFA, and A*STAR to address food safety challenges. The hub aims to close the gap in scientific capabilities for food safety risk assessment and validation, strengthening Singapore's food safety ecosystem.
A new EU climate target of cutting emissions by 55% by 2030 will dramatically speed up the decarbonization of Europe's power sector, leading to a significant phaseout of coal power. Renewable energies are expected to contribute nearly three-quarters of power generation in 2030 and reach zero emissions in the power sector by 2040.
Recent studies point to links between environmental exposures and health risks, including respiratory problems from hog farms and inflammation caused by triclosan. Gulf War veterans may also be more susceptible to alcohol-induced liver damage due to environmental factors.
A study found senior faculty's research publication activity exceeded expectations across disciplines, with a focus on book and chapter publications. Senior scholars are uniquely positioned to invest time in long-term publication efforts.
Researchers identified DUSP16 as a protein that promotes chemotherapy resistance in four types of cancer. Elevated DUSP16 levels can lead to reduced treatment effectiveness, highlighting its potential use as a biomarker for sensitivity to chemotherapy.
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has launched an honorific program to recognize members who have made significant contributions to the field. The first class of 30 fellows includes renowned scientists from around the world, who will be honored at the society's annual meeting.
Researchers have discovered a potential new way to treat dry mouth by inhibiting phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) enzymes. The findings may also have implications for cystic fibrosis treatment.
Becker disease is caused by unusual electrical activity in muscle fibers, leading to temporary inactivity and weakness. Researchers identify the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and propose potential new therapies.
A new study reveals that human frontal cortex development follows a similar trajectory to that of other primates. The research analyzed brain structure and behavioral markers in humans, chimpanzees, mice, and macaques, finding that the three species show consistent patterns of brain maturation.
A team of scientists at the University of Freiburg has developed a new optogenetic tool called BLADE that allows for controlled expression of genes in Escherichia coli using blue light. This breakthrough simplifies biotechnology methods and enables targeted protein production and signaling process studies.
A new mouse model of acute lung injury reveals that exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein alone can induce COVID-19-like symptoms. The study's findings suggest a previously unknown mechanism causing lung damage, potentially leading to new targets for therapeutic development.
Research on Roundup's neurological impact found that exposure prolonged seizure-like behavior in C. elegans, a microscopic worm with human genes. The study suggests potential risks for humans and has implications for environmental health.
A team of University of Michigan researchers identified many genes crucial for fruit fly neuron development, including three previously unknown ones. The discovery provides insights into the complex process of neurogenesis and may lead to new approaches for understanding human brain development and regeneration.
Researchers created human intestinal cells to study SARS-CoV-2 infection process. The findings indicate the virus silences immune response in infected cells, suggesting new ways to treat it.
Materials researchers at Saarland University are working with companies like Dillinger and RWTH Aachen University to develop customized steel grades for offshore wind farm monopiles. The goal is to improve welding processes and reduce production time while maintaining mechanical properties.