Researchers at C-Crete Technologies have developed a method that utilizes deep learning to quickly predict and design novel hybrid organic-inorganic materials, offering improved materials design for various industries. By feeding quantum mechanics calculations to layered machine learning based on artificial neural networks, they can un...
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology developed a bioinspired membrane that mimics the structure of bamboo's natural membrane, enabling faster ion transport and improved volumetric energy storage. The membrane outperformed other materials commonly used for electrodes in batteries.
A new study led by Adam Pearson and Jonathon Schuldt found that family values are a stronger predictor of climate opinions and policy support among US Latinos than political views. Familism, or cultural values representing commitment to the family, was the most important predictor, even more so than politics.
Researchers from Osaka University found a link between excessive autophagy and reduced sperm production, suggesting a potential mechanism for male infertility. The study suggests that Rubicon regulates autophagic degradation of GATA4, promoting Sertoli cell function.
Researchers found that even a one-vote margin of control changed the policy agenda and outcomes, contrary to conventional wisdom. A 50/50 party balance in today's Senate could have significant implications for policy due to high polarization.
The new guideline recommends invasive diagnostic tests but acknowledges their potential infeasibility, instead focusing on clinical improvement to transition to oral therapy. It provides thoughtfully reasoned recommendations based on current evidence to help clinicians identify and manage bone infections.
A new study by Point Blue Conservation Science found that protected areas in central coastal California effectively safeguard bird populations from decline. The research analyzed population trends of 14 bird species and found that 9 had better population trends within protected areas compared to average trends outside.
QUT researchers identified external recognition and professional development as crucial strategies for getting shortlisted. Applicants with earned professional recognition or awards were four times more likely to be shortlisted than those without such recognition.
Researchers developed a 'sensing leg' with sensors that detect pressure and movement, enabling users to navigate obstacles more efficiently. The system also includes a neuro-pacemaker mode that stimulates remnant nerves, reducing phantom limb pain and improving overall well-being.
A new study developed a wearable technology-based method to assess myoclonus symptoms in the home environment. The method, which measures electrical neuromuscular function and movement, correlates well with assessments performed by experienced physicians.
A new study by the University of Sussex reveals that natural selection leads to fluctuations in nectar supply and demand due to changes in pollinator populations. When pollinators are scarce, flowers produce more nectar to outcompete others, but when they're abundant, less nectar is needed.
Researchers developed an AI-powered tool to identify and recommend jobs based on underlying skill sets, increasing the chances of success in job transitions. The system can also respond to changes in job demand and provide precise skills needed to transition to a new occupation.
Research by City University London's Business School reveals that fund managers who start their careers in difficult economic conditions perform better over the long-term. They exhibit better market timing and tilt their investments towards defensive industries during tough times.
Flinders University researchers found that more than half of Australians reported a decline in physical activity during the COVID-19 lockdown, but fitness apps were used by over half of respondents. The study highlights the importance of social support, self-efficacy, and motivation in using physical activity apps to maintain engagement.
Research has found that cancer cells develop resistance to platinum-based cytotoxic drugs by altering their communication with the surrounding extracellular matrix. This change allows the cancer cells to withstand the damage caused by the treatment and survive the chemotherapeutic attack.
Researchers discovered three phases of growth that explain how cetaceans shift their nasal passage from a parallel to an angled orientation. This finding provides insight into the developmental process and could inform our understanding of cetacean evolution.
Researchers found that fasting decreases signs of bacterial infection and inflammation in mice. Fasting also alters gut microbiomes, which appear to sequester nutrients and prevent pathogens from infecting the host.
A University of Delaware study found that diversifying nutritional strategies is key to improving diets for India's smallholder farmers. The researchers suggest individual-level and community-level approaches, such as growing diverse crops or sharing produce at local markets.
Researchers developed a new method to analyze video segments from live streams and estimate the prevalence of mask wearing. The protocol was successfully learned in under an hour and found reliable estimates of mask-compliance, with the potential to provide useful results for decision-makers within 48 hours.
Research using mass spectrometry proteomics identified distinct proteins in craft beers compared to mass-produced brews. The study found that single-brewery analysis revealed significant differences between beer styles, suggesting the use of unique yeast strains or brewing processes.
The article outlines five complementary actions to increase electrification rates and secure long-term access to affordable energy in Africa. Key findings include the need for an independent champion to transform the sector, international partnerships, and investment in clean energy.
A new study by University of Birmingham researchers reveals that fruit flies' brains trigger specific neuronal impulses when faced with the choice between feeding and mating. The team found that, when starved, mating is consistently overridden by hunger, but once fed, males turn their attention to courtship.
Astronomer David Trilling is leading a project to increase readiness of minority researchers for the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). The $900,000 grant will support research programs for thousands of worldwide scientists, including those from underrepresented communities.
A new study by UCLA researchers found that women who slept less than seven hours a night during the first six months after giving birth had shorter telomeres and were three to seven years older biologically. The study suggests that sleep loss can have long-lasting effects on physical health, increasing the risk of age-related diseases.
Researchers have successfully characterized a new form of toxic Aβ42 fibrils in Alzheimer's disease using sensitivity-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The study paves the way for novel therapeutic strategies targeting these aggregates that drive AD progression.
A recent study from University of Gothenburg found that all participants achieved normalization of CNS injury biomarkers, regardless of previous disease severity or persistent neurological symptoms. This suggests that post-COVID-19 neurological sequelae are not due to active brain injury, contradicting previous findings.
A team of researchers proposes a carbon debt system to encourage enterprises to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The approach aims to provide immediate economic incentives for businesses to transition to negative carbon balance by treating carbon emissions as financial debt.
A new process for making RNA has been developed by researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, yielding purer and more abundant RNA at a fraction of the cost. This breakthrough removes the largest stumbling block on the path to next-generation RNA therapeutic drugs.
Researchers at Shinshu University discovered that fruit by-products, often discarded due to their high phytochemical content, possess significant anti-degranulation and bile acid-binding properties. The study highlights the potential for utilizing these previously wasted resources as valuable anti-allergic agents.
Researchers at The Francis Crick Institute successfully reversed a key hallmark of motor neurone disease by blocking the activity of an enzyme called VCP. This breakthrough, published in Brain Communications, suggests that the abnormal accumulation of proteins involved in RNA regulation might be a factor contributing to the disease.
A team of scientists at the University of Cambridge has developed a lab-grown model of heart cells that mimic the behavior of real heart cells and are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The researchers showed that an experimental peptide drug, DX600, can prevent the virus from entering the heart cells and reduce levels of infection.
Immunocompromised individuals are at risk for prolonged viral shedding and the emergence of novel variants of concern. Healthcare providers must develop precise guidelines for monitoring and treating these patients.
A recent review article reveals significant disparities in diagnosing and treating headaches among different racial and socioeconomic groups. The study found that African American men receive the least care for headache diseases, despite being affected at the same rate as other groups.
Researchers found that lizards with sticky toepads prevail in the arboreal environment, accessing new resources unavailable to padless lizards. This evolutionary advantage enables them to stay in trees and rarely leave, whereas padless species often transition to ground life.
The study assembles 26 different genetic lines of corn, providing a comprehensive understanding of the crop's genetic mechanisms. This new reference data will help scientists identify genes likely to lead to improved crop performance.
The FDA approval of aducanumab may provide a proof of concept for rapidly improving Alzheimer's disease treatments. The monoclonal antibody has shown promise in reducing amyloid plaques and has sparked discussion about combination treatments.
Researchers from NUS have discovered that brain cells rely on the TDP-43 protein to maintain the myelin sheath, which is crucial for neuron insulation. The study suggests that restoring cholesterol levels through drug intervention could be a novel therapeutic approach for diseases associated with TDP-43.
A recent study modelled social, economic, and personal factors influencing voters and parties to identify four key levers that tip the balance towards political extremes. Social contagion and macro-economic factors such as employment and economic growth play a significant role in driving polarization.
Researchers found that host sanctions prevent fig wasp cheating by promoting the loss of specialized morphologies and behaviors crucial for pollination. Effective sanctions enforce cooperation in fig-wasp mutualism.
Scientists have solved a long-standing mystery about the Sun's internal magnetic field, which could help predict space weather and prevent devastating geomagnetic storms. The new study provides a strong theoretical framework to improve understanding of the Sun's electromagnetic behavior.
A new study found that one-quarter of Americans suffered from heat-related symptoms in 2020, with women, low-income households, and non-white populations most vulnerable. The research also revealed that the pandemic exacerbated existing vulnerabilities, making it harder for people to access cooling centers and medical care.
Researchers at Rice University are developing novel computational approaches to track environmental microbiome dynamics over time, across species and after perturbations. The team will use biofilm-based 'species abundance networks' on scaffolds to observe how they form their own genome-exchange networks.
A new lab study finds that three herbal medicines - Chinese skullcap, Cryptolepis, and Japanese knotweed - have high activity against bartonella henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacteria causing Lyme disease. The findings suggest these herbs may be effective in treating tick-borne infections, including babesiosis.
Wild squirrels learn to leap and land without falling by weighing branch bendiness against distance between branches. They use trial-and-error learning to adjust their movements in split-second timing, enabling agile navigation through tree canopies.
Researchers from USTC create NIR-active lattice-matched morphological photoanodes with high efficiency and wide light absorption. The new design reduces carrier-trapping defects and enhances ultrafast charge transfer, paving the way for efficient NIR-based PEC devices.
Researchers discovered that almost half of patients who received personalized information about community resources shared them with at least one other person. Individuals in poorer health were more likely to report sharing the information, and those who visited or used a resource on their list were also more likely to share it.
A new study by NYU researchers reveals that women and early-career academics from underrepresented groups are more likely to experience impostor feelings in fields that emphasize raw talent or brilliance. These feelings can lead to lower belonging and confidence in the field.
A new study published in Nature Communications sheds light on the nature of Betelgeuse's mysterious dimming, which was observed from October 2019 to March 2020. The research team found that a temperature drop of 170 K could explain the dimming, suggesting the presence of a large dark star-spot on Betelgeuse's surface.
Researchers have developed a neural network model called BiteNetPp to detect protein-peptide binding sites, enabling the design of peptide-based drugs. The model consistently outperforms existing methods and can analyze a single protein structure in under a second, making it suitable for large-scale studies.
A new clinical trial will test a simple breathing exercise for adults with obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension. The study aims to reduce blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health through inspiratory muscle training.
Researchers have observed the self-organisation of lead sulphide nanoparticles in real time, revealing a surprising diversity of structures. The team used X-ray scattering to study how the particles assembled into ordered superlattices, finding that the final structure depends on factors such as solvent type and ligand density.
A new study by Staffordshire University found that users of the Heart Age Test (HAT) were more likely to make healthy lifestyle changes. The test aims to provide early warning signs of cardiovascular disease, encouraging users to reduce their heart age through diet and exercise.
A new study found that only 7% of patients who switched from Truvada to Descovy had a documented clinical reason for doing so, highlighting the need for cost-effective PrEP options. The significant price difference between the two medications may be a major barrier to broad and equitable PrEP use in the US.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a brain-inspired highly scalable neuromorphic hardware by co-integrating single transistor neurons and synapses. This innovation dramatically reduces hardware cost and accelerates the commercialization of neuromorphic hardware, enabling its application in mobile and IoT devices.
Slow slips, or silent earthquakes, are fractures of the Earth's crust that propagate slowly without producing seismic waves. The new database sheds light on the mechanisms behind these events and their potential to trigger regular earthquakes.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have identified DOT1L as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Inhibitors of the DOT1L enzyme showed promise in reducing tumor growth and improving survival rates by stimulating pro-tumorigenic metabolic pathways and blocking apoptosis.
A new collection of corn genomes provides a detailed understanding of the genetic diversity and adaptability of corn plants. Researchers have mapped the first corn genome in 2009 and filled in gaps since, revealing how the corn genome was shuffled over time.
Researchers have discovered that reduced levels of sphingosine are significantly associated with developing COVID-19 symptoms, while elevated sphingosine and acid ceramidase levels are linked to asymptomatic infections. This biomarker has a high degree of accuracy in predicting patient outcomes.
The AERWAY study published in the Journal of Otolaryngology and Rhinology found significant symptom improvements in patients treated with VivAer for nasal airway obstruction due to nasal valve collapse. The non-invasive treatment modality remodels tissue in the nasal valve, providing long-term relief from nasal congestion.
Researchers at Duke University developed a robotic imaging tool that can automatically detect and scan patients' eyes for eye diseases, producing clear images in under 50 seconds. The system uses optical coherence tomography and is designed to be safe and accessible for optometrist offices, primary-care clinics, and emergency departments.