The FIGARO-DKD trial found that finerenone improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with mild-to-moderate kidney disease and type 2 diabetes. Finerenone reduced the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by 13%, largely driven by a 29% reduction in hospitalization for heart failure.
A large-scale study of COVID-19 data in Indiana found that Black communities and rural residents were more likely to be hospitalized and die from the virus. The study highlighted disparities in public health efforts and calls for targeted interventions to address these gaps.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has received a $3.12 million NIH grant to study neurovascular recovery after stroke. They aim to develop new neurovascular imaging technology using two-photon fluorescence microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy to visualize blood oxygen delivery in response to neuronal activity.
Research from Drexel University's Autism Institute identifies higher odds of living in residential facilities, receiving outside caregiver services, and having high-risk health conditions among autistic adults, as well as those with intellectual disability and mental health diagnoses. These groups are more likely to contract COVID-19 a...
A study published in JAMA Network Open examines changes in women's and underrepresented group representation in US academic medicine. Since the 1990s, there has been a significant increase in these groups' representation, with certain specialties showing more substantial gains.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Helsinki found that low-density granulocytes (LDG) play a significant role in weakening the immune response in covid-19 patients. The study revealed that LDGs inhibit T lymphocyte division, leading to suppressed adaptive immunity against the virus.
A two-year randomized controlled trial found that eating about ½ cup of walnuts daily modestly lowered LDL-cholesterol levels and reduced small LDL particles in healthy, older adults. The study suggests that walnuts can improve cardiovascular health by improving the quality of LDL particles.
The Salt Substitute and Stroke Study found that replacing regular salt with low-sodium alternatives lowers the risk of stroke, cardiovascular events, and mortality. The study also showed no increased risk of serious adverse events related to hyperkalaemia, providing clear evidence for an effective and affordable intervention.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has shed light on why it's difficult to learn a second language as an adult. Researchers found that clusters of neurons in the speech cortex fine-tune themselves as listeners gain familiarity with foreign sounds, indicating a crucial step in language learning.
Scientists at Tsinghua University have successfully created micro-scale devices that can slide for up to 100 km without wear or friction. The devices use structural superlubricity, which enables near-zero friction and zero wear during sliding, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.
A new study found that local mobility, primary care access, and limited contacts in contagion hubs can curb COVID-19 deaths. The researchers used novel statistical approaches to analyze mortality curves across 20 Italian regions, identifying a strong association between mobility and COVID mortality.
Researchers have discovered that lattice softness is the dominant factor affecting a metal's ability to hydrogenate, enabling the expedited development of hydrogen storage materials. This parameter can also be used to evaluate the hydrogenation ability of intermetallic compounds.
Residents in states that lifted eviction moratoria had a higher risk of receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis 12 weeks later compared to those with still-active moratoria. The association grew stronger over time, especially among individuals with pre-existing medical conditions and lower socioeconomic status.
A study reveals the biological process used by Xanthomonas to weaken plants' defense systems and discovers a novel class of enzymes called CE20 that can assist infection. This discovery contributes to developing strategies to combat citrus canker and obtaining advanced sugars from agroindustrial waste.
Research published in JAMA Network Open found that preterm infants with higher exposure to their mother's breast milk had enhanced cardiac function at one year of age, approaching values seen in healthy full-term infants. Exclusive breast milk consumption was associated with normalization of heart traits and lower lung pressures.
A PLoS One study found demographic and clinical markers that increase the risk of severe COVID-19 disease in patients aged 18-29. The study identified Hispanic men as more likely to develop severe disease outcomes, as well as factors such as asthma history, congestive heart failure, and diabetes.
A Rice University lab developed a 'smart' shirt that gathers accurate EKGs and heart rates using conductive nanotube thread. The fibers, just as conductive as metal wires but washable and comfortable, provided better data than standard chest-strap monitors.
Scientists at Tokyo University of Science discovered endophytic bacteria that can survive extreme conditions within passion fruit seeds. The bacteria were isolated from seedlings grown from cut seeds and found to possess biocatalytic activities related to the metabolism of secondary metabolites, such as resveratrol and piceatannol.
The FDA has granted orphan drug status to Octagam 10%, the first and only IVIg treatment for adult dermatomyositis. The therapy is expected to become the first treatment option for adults with this rare disease, which affects approximately 10 out of every million U.S. residents.
Researchers discovered downregulated immune responses and upregulated T cell-exhaustion pathways in African American patients compared to European Americans. These findings suggest striking differences in immunoregulatory gene activities that may contribute to the worse prognosis of prostate cancer in Black Americans.
Researchers found that people expect good agents to be sensitive to intentions behind requests, while evil individuals are expected to be relatively insensitive. This study suggests that people's views of ordinary humans influence their expectations of supernatural characters.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered a way to transform cow manure into a manageable, ecologically friendly biochar fertilizer through pyrolysis. This process reduces water content from 90% to zero, alleviating environmental issues and saving farmers money.
A Spartan-led team has assembled the most complete picture of the bowfin genome to date, revealing striking similarities between bowfin gas bladder development and human lung development. This breakthrough provides a better model for studying human health and disease, with potential implications for understanding evolutionary history.
Researchers at Flinders University have created a cost-effective way to harvest microalgal biomass from wastewater ponds, producing a sustainable source of biofuels. The high-rate algal pond model uses algae and bacteria to treat wastewater, reducing treatment time to 5-10 days and minimizing costs.
Researchers developed a liquid-injecting self-orienting millimeter-scale applicator (L-SOMA) that administers typically injected liquid medications orally. In large animal preclinical models, the technology delivered four commonly injected medications with comparable results to injections.
Researchers developed scArches to compare single-cell genomics data with existing references, enabling accurate diagnosis of diseases like COVID-19. The algorithm uses transfer learning to preserve privacy and democratize the usage of single-cell reference atlases.
A new study using convection-permitting models reveals improved simulations of precipitation and atmospheric circulation over the Tibetan Plateau. The models reduce the wet bias in simulated precipitation by 47% and improve the simulation of large-scale circulation, leading to better moisture transport into and out of the plateau.
Researchers at UTHealth found that exoskeleton-assisted rehabilitation can be beneficial for stroke survivors, correcting impaired walking patterns and increasing motor coordination. The study used the Ekso 1.1 exoskeleton to guide patients with chronic post-stroke hemiplegia or hemiparesis in a 10-15 session training program over thre...
A new study found that half of pregnant women had low iron levels and one in four had severe iron deficiency, despite the prevalence being common. Researchers urge revisiting clinical guidelines to include ferritin testing as a routine part of maternal care.
Climate change and metal pollution have substantially altered Hong Kong's marine communities, particularly in eastern waters, according to a recent study published in Anthropocene. The researchers used small fossil shells to reconstruct the ecosystem over the last 50-100 years, revealing significant impacts on rare species.
The new technology uses a 'tuneable' infrared LED that can detect multiple materials, including bacteria in meat and potentially lethal gases. It has the potential to improve safety for firefighters, miners, and military personnel, as well as be integrated into smartphones and other devices.
A Cornell University study found that fewer than half of US workers were aware of emergency COVID-19 sick leave, which tripled instances of people being unable to take time off during the pandemic.
Research found a strong correlation between Aβ42 peptide levels in companion dog brains and cognitive decline, supporting the use of dogs as models for Alzheimer's disease. The study's results demonstrate the potential of canine cognitive dysfunction as a tool for understanding human aging and age-related diseases.
A team of researchers found that people rate cloned faces as eerier and more improbable than those with different faces, due to the violation of the one-to-one correspondence between face and identity. The 'clone devaluation effect' was stronger when the number of clone faces increased.
A new AI approach has been developed to identify patients with heart failure who will benefit from beta-blocker treatment. The study found that the AI method could accurately predict response to beta-blockers in both normal heart rhythm and atrial fibrillation patients, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Nine out of ten patients with life-threatening diarrhoea can be cured by faecal microbiota transplantation, according to a European study. Denmark is at the forefront of introducing this treatment, with 25% of eligible patients receiving it, compared to just 10% in other countries.
A new protocol for prone positioning has been developed to improve oxygen levels in COVID-19 patients at high risk of dying. The technique, which involves turning patients on their front, shows dramatic improvements in oxygenation and is cost-effective, with studies suggesting longer periods may be more beneficial.
Researchers studied Northern California residents' responses to wildfire smoke, finding that social norms and social support significantly influence protective health actions. The study aims to promote safer behavior by understanding how people interact with information and make decisions during smoke events.
Researchers used computational fluid dynamics and deep learning to predict the risk of cerebrovascular thrombosis in patients with heart disease. The study developed a model that analyzes the morphology of the left atrial appendage, identifying key characteristics associated with thrombotic risk.
Researchers reviewed 79 studies on neurocognitive impairments and brain abnormalities associated with nonfatal opioid overdoses in humans. The findings suggest a link between overdose, cognitive impairment, and brain changes, which could influence attention span, memory, and executive function.
Scientists at Princeton University have created a novel approach to directing skin cells using an electrical field. By breaking molecular connections between cells and applying an electric field, researchers were able to improve the controllability of tissues and potentially optimize wound healing through electrical stimulation.
Researchers developed a model to predict the risk of death and unplanned cardiac hospitalization among patients awaiting cardiac surgery. The tool, based on an ethnically diverse group of 62,375 patients, identifies factors such as gender, urban residency, and cardiac symptoms that increase the risk of adverse events.
Researchers at Texas A&M University designed a new framework to create the most optimal oxygen concentrator, capable of producing high-purity oxygen and adapting to changing patient needs. The LiLSX-based system outperformed other zeolites in simulation tests.
A study found that people who form antibodies against the folded receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are protected from infection. However, 20% of those who recovered from Covid-19 fail to develop these antibodies.
A new study by the University of California, San Francisco found that consuming even one alcoholic drink can significantly increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. The research involved tracking 100 patients with documented AF and found that those who consumed more alcohol had higher odds of experiencing an AF episode.
A comprehensive review reveals how excessive fructose intake can disrupt metabolic pathways, leading to diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver disease, and heart disease. The study highlights the role of protein transporters, gluconeogenesis, and gene-level changes in regulating fructose metabolism.
A recent study by Mount Sinai researchers discovered that certain neurons in the brain's decision-making centers monitor body-state dynamics and hijack the decision-making process during intense states of arousal. This suggests that changes in heart rate and other bodily responses can impact the brain's ability to make rational decisions.
A recent study by University of Massachusetts Amherst found that fewer than 5% of well-child visits for privately insured young children included a recommended dental fluoride varnish application. This is concerning given the importance of this service in reducing tooth decay among children, which affects nearly 25% of 2- to 5-year-old...
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccination elicited a response in nearly nine out of ten people with weakened immune systems. However, the responses were only about one-third as strong as those mounted by healthy people. Despite this, the discovery is encouraging news for a population at hig...
A new catalyst developed by Tokyo Tech researchers can generate hydrogen gas from ammonia at lower operating temperatures than existing methods. The calcium imide-supported Ni-catalyst produces good ammonia conversion and offers a promising solution for the production of clean hydrogen fuel.
Researchers sequenced the bowfin genome to investigate its unique combination of ancestral and advanced features. The study found unexpected insights into diverse aspects of bowfin biology, including the absence of key genes in its pectoral fin.
A new study found that tropical coral species in Western Australia's Kimberley region and offshore reefs are at risk of disappearing or moving south due to climate change. The research predicts a significant decline in coral biodiversity across the entire WA coastline, with many species likely to be driven to local extinction.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that healthy dietary patterns are associated with higher frequency of exercise and mental wellbeing in young adults. The researchers discovered that exercising within a healthy dietary pattern maximizes the beneficial effect of healthy food and minimizes the impact of triggers.
The study found that DNMT2/TRDMT1 gene knockout can affect the responses to senescence-inducing concentrations of doxorubicin and etoposide in different cancer cells. This may lead to diverse outcomes based on the type of cancer cells and anti-cancer drugs used.
Researchers from Tel Aviv and Berkeley Universities propose a model for seaweed farms to absorb nitrogen, reducing pollution in estuarine and marine environments. The study shows that these farms can produce a natural decontamination facility with significant ecological and economic value.
A new study highlights the need for a national policy to protect submerged Indigenous sites, which are at risk due to climate change, dredging, and seabed mining. Archaeological discoveries off the Pilbara coastline in Western Australia have uncovered ancient stone tools, rock art, and engravings dating back over 7,000 years.
A study published by the European Society of Human Genetics found that genetic testing can identify the cause of childhood epilepsy in half of those studied, allowing for tailored treatments. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to improve treatment possibilities and avoid unnecessary procedures.
Researchers have developed a new method to sequence and quantify plant endophytic bacterial communities using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The newly designed primer sets effectively avoid plant-DNA contamination and provide good bacterial coverage, making them suitable for various plants.
A pan-Canadian randomized controlled trial is using digital communication to target common reasons for vaccine hesitancy, including age, language, and education level. Family physicians will receive tailored information to share with patients through email and text message, aiming to improve vaccine uptake.
A new study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia finds that bystander CPR using only chest compression has similar outcomes to not using CPR at all for infants experiencing cardiac arrest. In contrast, children who received CPR with rescue breathing had nearly 1.5 times better neurological outcomes.
Researchers found that having cameras on during virtual meetings increases fatigue, with correlations to reduced voice and engagement. The effects are stronger for women and employees newer to the organization, likely due to self-presentation pressures.
A new project aims to investigate the role of justifications in resolving norm conflicts and fostering trust between humans and autonomous agents. By demonstrating that justified actions can reduce moral disapproval, researchers hope to create norm-aware agents that prioritize safety over efficiency.
Researchers have determined the structure of a molecule that helps S. pneumoniae take up manganese, a mineral essential for its survival. This finding could aid in designing new drugs to block this pathway and deny the bacteria its manganese supply.
Researchers have developed a new model for micro-swimmer-based transport, which shows that a swarm of micro-swimmers can transport particles more efficiently than traditional methods. The study's findings suggest that this phenomenon could be useful in biological applications, such as delivering drugs to specific locations in the body.
A study in HNSC patients found that specific microRNAs, such as hsa-miR-203a-3p, mir-10a-5p, and miR-194-5p, are strongly associated with lymphovascular invasion (LVI). These miRNAs regulate biological pathways involved in tumor progression, making them potential prognostic indicators.
A new project aims to create a cell atlas of the pediatric heart, filling the knowledge gap in molecular mechanisms involved in childhood death causes. Researchers will analyze healthy heart tissue from children using single-cell analysis and gene expression studies.
A pilot study found that a single injection of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (PRP) significantly improved functional mobility, pain, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The study supports the use of this combined approach to evaluate emerging biological therapies for musculoskeletal disorders.
A recent Northwestern University study reveals that receiving a second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine significantly boosts immunity against COVID-19. The research found that even prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 does not guarantee high antibody levels or robust response to the first vaccine dose, contradicting common assumptions.
Researchers from the National University of Singapore have identified three new urinary biomarkers that can detect consumption of ADB-BUTINACA, an emerging synthetic cannabinoid. The discovery will help boost global surveillance of synthetic cannabinoid abuse and aid in tackling the increasing abuse of this substance.
A study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that Covid-19 vaccines stimulate different immune responses in organ transplant patients. While antibody tests alone are insufficient, combining vaccines with T cell analyses provides better protection.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have developed a set of compounds that target estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells in two different ways, potentially overcoming common drug-resistance issues. The compounds work by distorting the shape of the estrogen receptor and binding with two different molecular side chains, offering a n...
The European Society of Cardiology's new guidelines emphasize the importance of individualized risk estimation and tailored treatment approaches to prevent cardiovascular disease. The guidelines recommend a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation as key measures to reduce CVD risk.
Researchers found that early life irradiation-induced γH2AX foci persisted in adult mice, leading to brain aging and shortened lifespan. The study suggests a potential link between early life radiation exposure and later-stage neurodegenerative disorders.
A study of 100 adults with intermittent atrial fibrillation found that alcohol consumption significantly increased the risk for a near-term atrial fibrillation event. The association was more pronounced after one glass of alcohol and within a 4- to 6-hour time frame.
A Mayo Clinic study found that a combination of casirivimab and imdevimab reduced hospitalization rates among high-risk patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 by 60%–70%. The treatment allowed these patients to recover safely at home.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg have found that innate lymphoid cells can specialize into killer cells that recognize and kill tumour cells. The study reveals a new transcription factor, Hobit, drives this specialization process.
Theoretical astrophysicist Kevin Heng has discovered an entire family of new mathematical solutions for calculating phase curves, enabling the analysis of data in seconds. These solutions have major implications for interpreting data, such as analyzing the Cassini spacecraft's Jupiter phase curves to infer a cloudy atmosphere.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a drug delivery capsule that can inject large quantities of monoclonal antibodies and other proteins into the stomach lining after being swallowed. The capsule overcomes a major challenge in delivering these drugs orally, which are usually administered via injections.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports reveals that over 50 long-term effects of COVID-19 have been identified, ranging from mild to debilitating symptoms. The research team analyzed data from 47,910 patients and found a substantial burden of Long COVID, with neurological symptoms and cardiovascular issues being notable findings.
A University of California, Davis study found that consuming sucrose and high fructose corn syrup can increase liver fat and decrease insulin sensitivity, highlighting the need for consumers to read labels carefully. The study also found no significant differences between the effects of sucrose and high fructose corn syrup.
A telephone-delivered nursing care strategy combining heart failure care management with depression treatment improved patients' clinical outcomes. Patients receiving 'blended' collaborative care showed better mental health-related quality of life, including improved mood and reduced limitations in social activities.
A prospective cohort study found that nearly 90% of immunocompromised patients developed an antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, suggesting potential protection against severe illness. The response was weaker than in healthy participants but still encouraging for immunocompromised individuals.
A multi-site, multi-disorder resting-state magnetic resonance image database was compiled to harmonize data from patients with various diseases, measured at 14 sites. The dataset comprises over 2,400 samples and includes 'traveling-subject' data to minimize inter-site differences.
A new global study found a significant decline in solid organ transplants performed during the first wave of Covid-19 in 2020, with over 48,000 years of patient life lost. Kidney transplantation showed the largest reduction across nearly all countries.
The study found that immediate coronary angiography in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients without ST-segment elevation is not superior to a delayed/selective approach. The composite secondary endpoint of all-cause death or severe neurological deficit at 30 days occurred more frequently in the immediate angiography group.
A new species of wood lizard, Enyalioides feiruzae, has been described from the premontane forest of the Huallaga river basin in Peru. The lizard features stunning color variations and is believed to have established as a separate species due to geographical separation from a similar lizard.
A study by researchers at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III found that metoprolol significantly reduced lung infiltration and improved oxygenation in severely ill COVID-19 patients. The treatment also led to a shorter stay in the ICU and fewer days on mechanical ventilation.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a novel electrocatalyst that can effectively produce hydrogen and oxygen from water at low cost. The catalyst, composed of transition metal phosphates, achieves high surface area and fast charge transfer, making it suitable for commercial on-site production of hydrogen.
The APAF-CRT trial shows that ablation plus cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) significantly reduces all-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure in severely symptomatic permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with narrow QRS. The therapy is superior to pharmacological rate control, supporting it as a first-line t...
The Minnesota Sea Grant project aims to increase Yellow Perch production in indoor RAS systems, addressing supply chain limitations and improving fish growth rates. The project will also develop a guide for producers on best practices and cost estimates for RAS production.
Michael E. von Fricken, Assistant Professor at George Mason University, is supporting COVID-19 research efforts with CDC funding. The project, initiated in July 2021, aims to address the coronavirus public health emergency.
A new study found that recreational marijuana legalization may increase the risk of alcohol and marijuana co-use among adolescents in California. The study suggests that restricting access to retail outlets, hours of operation, advertising, and imposing higher taxes on products may help reduce this negative public health effect.
Researchers from Paderborn University create a simple integrated quantum network using thin layers of lithium niobate to demonstrate large-scale functionalities. The project aims to develop scalable quantum components with industrial application potential.
Researchers investigating amyloid-protein interaction with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in human neural cells may lead to new therapeutic approaches. Funding enables collaboration using protein isolation, structural modeling, and machine learning for molecular process characterization.
A new study found that patients with advanced Parkinson's disease are at higher risk of contracting and suffering from respiratory illnesses like influenza and pneumonia. Neurologists are advised to actively encourage vaccinations for these patients, particularly in the light of COVID-19.
Researchers have confirmed that galaxies emit a significant amount of polluted gas into space, contrary to previous assumptions. This 'outflow' is driven by the process of star formation and can include elements such as oxygen, carbon, and iron.
A multicenter study will evaluate the outcomes of 1,500 children with tracheostomy to provide clinical practice guidelines for preventing, diagnosing, and managing bacterial infections. The study aims to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and cost of care.
Researchers at McGill University have developed a new way to track genetically modified animals using artificial transgenes. The discovery provides a powerful tool for locating and managing escaped or released GM animals.
The University of Kentucky Center for Clinical and Translational Science has received a $23.5 million award to support groundbreaking health care innovations in Kentucky. The center has successfully catalyzed clinical and translational discoveries, including COVID-19 vaccine trials, with continuous funding since 2011.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a method to produce synthetic muscle protein using microbes, which can be spun into fibers with exceptional toughness and strength. The resulting material has potential biomedical applications, such as sutures and tissue engineering.
Researchers from Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation develop methods to enhance mechanical properties of hydrogels, including toughness, stretchiness, and adhesive strength. By introducing dopamine and alkaline conditions, they create gel-like materials with improved biocompatibility and regenerative capabilities.
A new study from Uppsala University found that genetic tests are more accurate than traditional blood tests in determining the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The study analyzed data from 500,000 subjects and discovered a significant link between blood group genetics and coagulation proteins.
A new study from Oregon State University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Wildlife Research Center found that beavers in the Coast Range of western Oregon exhibit relatively strong genetic differentiation, shaped by watershed boundaries and past relocations. The researchers recommend relocating beavers within watershed...
Belgian researchers have developed an all-in-one test to identify healthy embryos for transfer, reducing the risk of passing de novo genetic diseases. The test uses long read sequencing and can detect copy number variants and single nucleotide variants in a single workflow.
New study finds that rescue breathing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is preferable to compression-only CPR for infants, children, and adolescents in case of cardiac arrest. Rescue breathing CPR was associated with higher odds of favorable neurological outcomes and overall survival compared to compression-only CPR.
A study published in Nature Communications Earth & Environment reveals that ʻopihi age, growth, and longevity are influenced by the Hawaiian intertidal environment. The research team found that ʻopihi species grow rapidly, reaching maturity within 8-9 months, and can live up to 5 years old.
The ReNature project has launched an interactive online toolkit to help address societal challenges using nature-based solutions. The toolkit provides a range of color-coded options, indicating the level of evidence supporting each solution type to address specific challenges.
Researchers have developed a novel model of the aged lung epithelium in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a devastating age-related lung disease. The model, which replicates IPF-like changes in mouse cells, holds promise for uncovering new biological mechanisms and testing novel pharmacological compounds to treat the disease.
Researchers offer standards for machine learning studies in life sciences to promote reproducibility and advance knowledge. The bronze standard requires data, code, and models to be publicly available, while the silver and gold standards add more information to facilitate duplication of training processes.
The ACST-2 trial found that carotid artery surgery and stenting have comparable long-term effects on fatal or disabling stroke in asymptomatic patients with severe carotid artery stenosis. Both procedures are associated with a 1% risk of disabling stroke or death, with the annual risk decreasing to 0.5% after five years.
A new study maps the location and intensity of key threats to terrestrial amphibians, birds, and mammals, identifying priority areas across the world. Agriculture and logging are pervasive in the tropics, while hunting and trapping is the most geographically widespread threat to mammals and birds.
A simple stock assessment model applied to 500 years of catch data shows that northern Atlantic cod biomass is currently around 2% of its earlier level. Annual catches could have been sustained at around 200,000 tonnes if authorities had allowed rebuilding in the 1980s.
The conference, INGSA2021, aims to strengthen global coordination in science advice and promote open science. Key findings include the importance of digital technologies and AI in reshaping the profession and the need for partnerships to drive economic and social development.
A partnership between George Mason University and local schools aims to integrate computer science into grades PK-6 using a digital tool called DECPICT-CS. The project seeks to improve teachers' abilities to support students with disabilities in learning computer science.
A new study found that U.S. high-school athletes from higher-income families with well-educated parents were more likely to play sports in college. The research contradicts the traditional story of how sports often help underprivileged kids succeed in American society. Athletic merit was still a strong predictor of participating in col...
A new combination treatment has shown significant tumor shrinkage and prolonged survival in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. The treatment, which targets HDAC and PD-1 proteins, was found to work better in tumors with active BAP1 genes, a key discovery that may lead to improved survival rates.
A survey of 11,000 health care workers found significant racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, with Black workers experiencing a nearly 5-fold increase compared to white workers.
A new study reveals that public opposition to disaster spending is driven by a lack of knowledge about the benefits of preparedness rather than personal experience with natural disasters. The study found that investing in disaster preparedness yields significant cost savings compared to relief efforts, but many Americans remain unaware...
Researchers at University of Michigan and University of Tokyo developed a system to safely deliver electricity over the air, delivering 50 watts of power using magnetic fields. The technology can untether phones, laptops, and even implanted medical devices, opening new possibilities for mobile robotics.
Researchers from DTU develop Fano laser, harnessing bound-state-in-the-continuum to improve coherence. This advancement enables ultrafast and low-noise nanolasers for high-speed computing and integrated photonics.
A team of archaeologists led by Paola Villa has uncovered an unprecedented array of bone tools crafted from elephant bones at the Castel di Guido site in Italy, dating back to around 400,000 years ago. The discovery reveals a high level of cognitive intellect and technological sophistication among early humans during this period.
Researchers from Nara Institute of Science and Technology and Nanjing University discovered a small protein, KNUCKLES, that plays multiple roles in ensuring the correct timing of floral development. This discovery reveals a regulatory pathway where KNUCKLES supports the completion of floral meristem development within a short time window.
A new research project, FLOCKD, will allow smart digital units to autonomously share information with nearby units, enabling faster learning and more intelligent system behavior. The goal is to achieve synergetic problem-solving and improve overall performance.
Researchers from the University of South Australia are conducting a new study to understand what works well and what needs improvement in clinical trials for cancer patients. The study aims to identify barriers to trial participation and inform best practice, ultimately improving access to clinical trials and systems across Adelaide.
Experts propose a diagnostic criterion of sustained normal blood sugar levels for three months or more to diagnose type 2 diabetes remission. The long-term effects and relapse rates remain uncertain, highlighting the need for ongoing support and further research.
Researchers from Osaka University and NASA discovered that cold planets exist throughout the Milky Way, even in the Galactic bulge, a region previously thought to be inhospitable to planet formation. The study used gravitational microlensing to determine the distribution of planets across the galaxy.
A new study by Spinal Cord Injury Model System investigators found that remote wheelchair-skills training increases clinician confidence in teaching peers. The training program improved trainees' ability to navigate real-world spaces, empowering them to engage with their communities. This innovative approach has the potential to expand...
Researchers developed a lubricating coating to minimize brain tissue damage and inflammatory reaction during implantation. The coating significantly extended the lifespan of coated devices, reducing immune responses and promoting stable signal recording.
The MASTER DAPT trial found that one month of dual antiplatelet therapy preserves ischemic benefits and reduces bleeding risk in high bleeding risk patients. Abbreviated DAPT was noninferior to standard DAPT in terms of net adverse clinical events, but superior in reducing major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Schmidt College of Medicine review recent randomized trials, concluding that hydroxychloroquine poses significant harm in treating COVID-19. The study suggests a halt on prescribing the medication, recommending vaccination and masking instead as effective public health strategies.
A study of 68 patients found that most had good long-term outcomes with minimal complications, while others faced significant risks. The research provides insights into the potential consequences of COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.
Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm, Dean of George Mason University's College of Science, has received an Intergovernmental Personnel Act (IPA) assignment with NASA. As a Senior Research Advisor, he will create opportunities for faculty and students to contribute to NASA's research portfolio and build a diverse future STEM workforce.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new near-field thermophotovoltaics system, enabling much greater power output than traditional methods. The breakthrough could provide compact and higher efficiency power sources for soldiers on future battlefields.
The LOOP study found that continuous electrocardiogram monitoring and treatment of atrial fibrillation did not reduce the risk of stroke or systemic arterial embolism in patients at high risk. However, detection and treatment of atrial fibrillation were more common in those undergoing ECG monitoring.
Researchers used a comprehensive knowledgebase to identify 22 actionable genes and 43 candidate drugs for biliary tract cancer, which may lead to the development of targeted therapies. The study's findings contribute to personalized treatment options for this rare tumor worldwide.