Researchers found that microscopic defects in healthy cell alignment can slow down tumor cell invasion. The study used an experimental model to show how topological defects affect the rate of tumor cell invasion, with certain defects causing cancer cells to pass through the barrier more slowly.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered that mebendazole, an anti-parasitic drug, can prevent and slow the growth of pancreatic cancer in genetically engineered mice. The study suggests that mebendazole may act similarly to collapsing cancer cells' structure and reducing inflammation.
A study published in Marine Pollution Bulletin reveals that nitrogen enrichment from land-based sources is a primary mechanism driving coral death in the Belize Barrier Reef. The research found that N:P ratios have doubled over four decades, causing massive decline in hard coral cover.
A big data study from UNSW Sydney found that Australian cancer patients kept up their pharmaceutical treatments during last year's COVID-19 lockdowns. The researchers attribute the good news to relatively low rates of COVID-19 infections in Australia, which minimally impacted cancer treatment patterns.
The PROTEIN-ID project aims to create a device that can read the fingerprint of proteins and identify their sequence, enabling rapid detection of diseases. The innovative device will use spectroscopic techniques, machine learning, and nanoscale sensors to analyze protein structures.
Researchers found that high-dose gait training using a robotic exoskeleton can restore functional ambulation in individuals with moderate to severe hemiplegia caused by stroke. The study showed improvements in walking distance, speed, balance, and endurance, with no complications or falls reported.
Eelgrass bed losses result in significant emissions of carbon and nutrients, including 60 tonnes of carbon and 6.6 tonnes of nitrogen per hectare. Restoration efforts are crucial to mitigate these effects and protect the environment.
Research finds serum aldosterone level independently associated with all-cause mortality and primary endpoint in HFpEF patients. Higher aldosterone levels correlate with increased risk of concentric left ventricular remodeling and poor prognosis.
The Center for Adapting Flaws into Features will explore chemical defects to optimize material properties, with a focus on creating better catalysts and electronics. The team aims to develop new approaches towards transformative technologies by leveraging advanced microscopy, spectroscopy, and data science.
Researchers found two new TLR7 gene variants in young, healthy men with severe Covid-19, highlighting the importance of genetic screenings for early intervention. These variants were associated with impaired immune response and increased risk of serious illness, emphasizing the need for preventive vaccination strategies.
TRAIL-coated nanoparticles kill 57% of cancer cells in patient blood samples, with higher lipid raft death receptor 4 levels coinciding with increased treatment efficacy.
Scientists have identified three mechanisms by which nanobodies disarm the virus, blocking it from infecting cells. The near-atomic-level structural analysis provides valuable insights for developing future vaccines and therapeutics against a wide variety of coronaviruses.
Researchers created a new open-access database to speed up the repurposing of old drugs as new treatments for various conditions. The NICEdrug.ch database includes information on 250,000 potential drug molecules and shows promising results in predicting drug behavior.
A new blood test using a nanotech device can detect the risk of placenta accreta spectrum disorder, a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur during pregnancy. The test was found to be 79% accurate in confirming its presence and 93% accurate in ruling it out.
Researchers have developed poly-ion complex (PIC) nanomicelles loaded with CPT1A inhibitors to deliver drugs into brain cells, reducing fatty acid oxidation and improving treatment for glioblastoma. The delivery system successfully increased cellular concentration of the cargo and biological activity.
A new therapy, amivantamab, has demonstrated a 40% overall response rate in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and the rare EGFR Ex20Ins mutation. The median duration of response was 11.1 months, offering a potential cure for previously untreatable cases.
A new study by researchers at the University of Waterloo found that Indigenous fire stewardship increases biodiversity and ecosystem heterogeneity across all major terrestrial biomes. Cultural burning reduces risks of interface fires and has important cultural practices for resource management, community protection, and cultural purposes.
A study by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that voting restrictions are associated with an increased risk of being uninsured. The study analyzed data from 242,727 adults in the US and found that those who face barriers to voting are also less likely to have health insurance.
Researchers discovered a dynamic system in the brain that allows for multiple functions within a single neural circuit, enabling efficient information processing and memory recall. The study found that specific activity patterns, known as dentate spikes, play a crucial role in switching between these functions.
Exposure to nature imagery or sounds decreases physiological signs of stress in incarcerated individuals and sparks interest in learning about natural habitats. Virtual nature experiences also boost curiosity and eagerness to learn about science and the natural world.
The paper reveals that less than one-third of annual SAT variations are contributed by the warming trend, highlighting its significance over tropical regions. Local ecosystems may be disproportionately affected in these areas, warranting increased attention.
Dr. Anne Brunet will present her latest research on mechanisms of brain aging and rejuvenation, focusing on novel genes regulating longevity and neural stem cell aging. The conference aims to bridge clinical, academic, and commercial research to develop practical solutions for extending the healthy lifespan of everyone.
A synthesis of scientific literature provides a unified resource for managing western forests and addressing the impacts of climate change on wildfires. The report recommends approaches such as thinning dense forests, prescribed burning, and revitalizing Indigenous fire stewardship practices to make landscapes more resilient.
A team at University of Notre Dame is using AI to transcribe ancient texts with high accuracy, improving capabilities of deep learning transcription. This project has significant implications for the digital humanities and historical archival research.
Researchers developed a 'phantom head' model to measure aerosol dispersal in dental procedures and determined the efficacy of HSCAHs, rubber dam, and high-volume aspiration in reducing bioaerosol levels. The study suggests that these mitigation strategies can greatly attenuate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 dispersion.
Researchers at the University of Basel developed a breath test to measure treatment success in epilepsy patients. The test provides immediate results without requiring a blood sample, allowing doctors to adjust medication quickly and precisely tailored to individual patients' needs.
A study found that learning foreign languages can enhance the processing of musically relevant sounds, particularly pitch processing, in Chinese elementary school pupils. The research suggests a close link between musical and linguistic brain functions in developing brains.
A study by Van Andel Institute scientists found that surplus sugar causes mitochondria to become less efficient, reducing their energy output. A low-sugar ketogenic diet reversed this effect, supporting healthy mitochondrial integrity and function.
Researchers used EEGs to measure brain activity while musicians listened to or imagined Bach piano melodies, finding consistent patterns of neural activity during silent intervals. The study suggests that the brain reacts to both notes and silences of music, engaging in a continuous attempt to predict upcoming musical events.
A recent study published in Science has detailed the structure of a critical enzyme, ExoN, that allows the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 to resist nucleoside antiviral treatments. Understanding this enzyme's structure may lead to the development of new methods for deactivating it and improving existing treatments for COVID-19 patients.
The study describes the three-dimensional structure of the MUTYH protein and its interaction with PCNA, a key player in DNA replication. The researchers found that mutations in the MUTYH gene reduce its binding affinity to DNA and destabilize its structure, leading to decreased DNA repair activity.
A study published in The EMBO Journal identified several host proteins that interact with the Ebola virus protein VP30, inhibiting viral transcription and replication. These findings suggest a novel target for preventing Ebola virus infection, providing potential new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers developed a simple and fast method to analyze sulfur isotopes, enabling the detection of seawater intrusion into freshwater systems. This method can help investigate chemical changes in environments affected by sea level rise.
A synthetic hinge concept developed by Indiana University School of Medicine Professor Michael A. Weiss and his team could lead to a breakthrough in 'smart' insulin therapy. The invention exploits a natural mechanism that allows the insulin to adjust its activity based on blood glucose levels, which could transform diabetes care.
Scientists propose integrated strategy combining climate action with policies for development, food access, equity, and environmental sustainability. The Sustainable Development Pathway aims to reconcile decent living with ecological boundaries.
Researchers found a sudden increase in ocean oxygen levels at the start of the Permian period's largest extinction event, marking a geologically rapid shift. This rapid fluctuation had a more significant impact than gradual decreases, highlighting its importance for modern-day life adapted to high oxygen levels.
Researchers used EEG to measure brain activity while musicians listened to or imagined Bach piano melodies. Brain activity during imagined music had the opposite polarity of actual listening, indicating prediction-driven responses. The study found that the brain continues to respond to music even when none is playing.
Researchers have developed a high-performing thermoelectric material that converts heat to electricity with record-high efficiency, making it suitable for widespread industrial applications. The purified tin selenide in polycrystalline form overcomes earlier oxidation problems, enabling the production of low-cost and efficient devices.
A new study found that men are over-cited and women are under-cited in Communication journals, with papers authored by men showing a 14% overcitation rate compared to papers authored by women, who are under-cited by 20%. The researchers propose tools to help academics evaluate their citation practices and promote gender equality.
A new model developed by NYU Tandon School of Engineering researchers provides a data-centric approach to reopening towns and can serve as a blueprint for areas with low vaccine rates. The model shows that increasing access to social gatherings and public transportation at a certain rate supports a safe, rapid reopening.
Scientists at Rockefeller University have discovered that essential gene targets in TB bacteria can be ranked by their degree of vulnerability to antibiotics. The study found that ideal targets are highly susceptible to inhibition, while invulnerable genes can withstand nearly total inhibition. This research provides new insights into ...
Researchers found that reappraisal strategies consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions among participants from 87 countries. The study's findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions to build resilience during the pandemic and beyond.
A new droplet digital PCR-based assay for HPV16 circulating tumor DNA was developed to predict treatment response in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Longitudinal changes of HPV16 ctDNA correlate with treatment response, allowing for early identification of treatment failure.
A study by University of Jyväskylä researchers found that increased job demands in healthcare lead to employee exhaustion and lower customer satisfaction. The study also discovered that work community's shared experience of increased job planning demands contributes to greater exhaustion and lower customer satisfaction.
A Dartmouth research team led by Glyn Elwyn is testing interactive educational approaches to boost vaccine confidence among unvaccinated long-term care workers. The study aims to measure vaccine confidence, knowledge, and trust in the COVID-19 vaccines.
A new study by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that preoperative urinalysis screening for asymptomatic patients undergoing surgery has little or no benefit. However, the test may lead to unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions and exposure to potential harms, including Clostridium difficile infection.
Researchers investigate how alluvial rivers shape the sedimentary record, revealing a range of channel patterns and paleocurrent directions. Additionally, studies examine the efficient release of bromine during super-eruptions and shed light on the complex geology of northern Iberia's crustal roots.
The study found that democratic countries increased government health spending by $275 per person between 1990 and 2019, while autocratic countries saw only a $115 increase. Democracies are also more likely to maintain universal health coverage even during economic recessions.
Researchers identified two proteins, HMW1 and HMW2, that stimulate protective immunity against diverse NTHi strains. Immunization with these proteins provides protection against bacterial colonization by other strains, highlighting the vaccine potential for a nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae vaccine.
In a phase 2 clinical trial, sacituzumab govitecan (SG) demonstrated sustained tumor shrinkage in 27% of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma. The treatment also showed improved overall survival and reduced progression compared to standard chemotherapy.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are advancing various technologies to minimize oil leaks, enable 3D printing in space, and increase fuel efficiency from ethanol. They have developed a quantum sensing system to detect pipeline leaks more quickly, built a thermal protection shield for a capsule launched into space, and creat...
Researchers at University of Bonn found that fixing objects slightly away from the center of cone density improves overall vision. The observed image shift is due to the varying resolution across the human retina, with sharper areas in the fovea and less sharp areas in the periphery.
A new study published in DNA Repair shows that hydroxychloroquine exhibits DNA-damaging and mutagenic effects at a clinically achievable dose. The findings suggest the possibility of additional side effects, particularly in patient populations, and emphasize the need for careful risk assessment and informed consent.
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine modified remdesivir to create an oral version that can be taken earlier in COVID-19 diagnoses. The revised drug proved effective and safe in cell and animal studies.
Scientists at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that exercise can alter the structure of our DNA, specifically the enhancers that regulate gene expression. This epigenetic rewiring may be responsible for the beneficial effects of physical activity on human health.
A new study published in the Social Bulletin of Psychology found that right-wing authoritarianism is more closely tied to how people acquire positive attitudes than changing them. The researchers suggest that individuals with RWA tend to be more sensitive to negative information, leading them to stick to positive information and avoid ...
A study examined the association between COVID-19 and prescription medication changes among nursing home residents in Ontario, Canada. The researchers found significant changes in medication prescribing patterns before and after the pandemic onset.
Researchers have found a way to harness the power of immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer by targeting a protein called PIKfyve. Blocking PIKfyve with the inhibitor ESK981 has been shown to increase tumor death and recruit immune T cells, offering new hope for patients with this challenging form of cancer.
A new study published in Cell Reports Medicine reveals the origins of a 2012 Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The analysis, conducted by an international team, used high-throughput sequencing to identify multiple virus 'spillover' events that contributed to the outbreak. This research highlights th...
Researchers analyzed patient specimens and clinical trial data from thousands of patients to assess the importance of immune cell molecules called Fc gamma receptors (FCGRs) in the therapeutic efficacy of two antibody drugs. High levels of FCGR2B on tumor cells were found to prevent rituximab efficacy, while obinutuzumab was not impact...