A study suggests that growing perennial grasses on abandoned cropland could counteract climate change by producing biofuels. The research found that 83 million hectares of areas previously used for food production are now available for biofuel cultivation, which could meet between 11-68% of current bioenergy needs.
Researchers found that the brain processes letters and words similarly to how it processes other visual stimuli, using statistical frequency of specific symbols. This common cognitive process, known as unsupervised learning, is also seen in animals such as baboons that can learn to recognize words.
The new journal, Biological Imaging, provides an interdisciplinary forum for quantitative and computational imaging in life sciences, covering topics like microscopy, image acquisition, and machine learning. The journal aims to drive cross-fertilization across research applications and inspire innovative work.
Phosphonate functional groups on La,Rh:STO surface supply protons to active site, enhancing hydrogen production activity. Bulk phosphate buffer solution reduces activity in this design.
A team of researchers discovered that the early Solar System formed in two distinct steps, resulting in different planetary compositions and evolutionary paths. The study explains why the inner planets are small and dry, while the outer planets are larger and wet.
A survey of US adults found that 41% delayed or missed medical care due to fear of COVID-19 transmission and financial setbacks. The study highlights the need for policy interventions to limit forgone care, particularly among vulnerable populations.
Researchers have created a stable and efficient membrane using an in-situ growth idea, addressing the challenges of large-scale production. The new membrane outperforms existing commercial membranes in terms of starting voltage, stability, and hydrolysis ability.
A study found that fatal opioid overdoses increased by over 50% among Black individuals in Philadelphia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, white residents experienced a 31% drop in fatal overdoses during the same period. The research suggests that racial inequities worsened the opioid crisis, with factors such as economic hardshi...
Researchers create detailed map of skin cells, revealing that cellular processes from development are re-activated in cells from patients with inflammatory skin disease. This study offers potential new drug targets for treating eczema and psoriasis.
Researchers will collaborate on new approaches to treating head and neck cancers associated with Fanconi anemia and human papillomavirus (HPV). The funding will support research into genetic defects that cause these cancers, which have higher rates in Black people, particularly men.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have developed a technique to visualize ultrafast electron motion with sub-nanoscale spatial resolution, enabling the study of semiconductor device operation and potential defect control. This breakthrough may lead to more efficient electronic devices.
A new study from Alder Hey Children's Hospital found that children are not anxious or scared when wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in the anaesthetic room. In fact, most children reported feeling happy and safe with PPE, while none experienced anxiety or fear.
Research found that some fish species exhibit larger gonads and increased reproductive output under elevated CO2 levels, leading to more offspring. Males and females adjust their behavior to optimize reproduction, with males foraging more and investing energy in egg care.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Psychology found that people are more likely to follow Covid-19 restrictions based on their close circle's behavior rather than their own principles. The researchers discovered that the best predictor of compliance was how much one's close friends and family were following the rules.
The study found that a multimodal pain regimen (MMPR) reduced opioid exposure and pain scores in trauma patients. The MMPR, which includes generic medications such as acetaminophen and tramadol, was shown to be an effective alternative to traditional opioid treatments.
A new study by the RAND Corporation found that food insecurity increased by nearly 80% in two predominantly African American neighborhoods during the first weeks of the coronavirus pandemic. This marked a reversal of decade-long trends, with disparities between these areas and the general US population reaching their highest levels.
A phase 1b/2 trial shows that combining eprenetapopt with azacitidine improves overall response rate to 71% in TP53 mutant MDS and AML patients. The median overall survival is 10.8 months, with improved outcomes for those who responded to treatment.
A literature review on cycad leaf nutrition highlights inconsistencies in data collection and analysis methods, emphasizing the need for more research to effectively manage and conserve these plant species. The study recommends considering factors such as seasonal variations, insect herbivory, and soil nutrient concentrations.
Scientists have discovered a previously unknown enzymatic function of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) protein EBNA1, which could lead to new approaches for treating EBV-associated cancers. The study sheds light on how this protein helps replicate and maintain the viral genome in infected cells.
A new study from MIT researchers reveals that installing charging stations on residential streets and adding high-speed charging stations along highways can greatly increase the adoption of electric cars. The findings suggest that making convenient charging options available to people, especially those with limited access to garages or...
A new study finds that even a modest sea level rise would place 100 airports below mean sea level by 2100, posing a significant risk to global passenger and freight movements. The researchers ranked airports at risk from sea level rise, with some in Asia and Europe topping the list.
Researchers found abnormally high brain activation in individuals without diagnosed Alzheimer's but with memory concerns, suggesting a potential biomarker. Hyperactivation in certain regions increases before cognitive impairments and neuronal loss associated with the disease.
Pharmacists helped identify and solve drug-related problems, improving measures such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The study found pharmacist-led medication therapy management services reduced medication costs for patients.
A recent Oregon State University study found that people who believe they can become healthy, engaged individuals in old age are more likely to experience that outcome. Optimism, self-efficacy, and reduced internalization of ageist stereotypes can also positively impact aging perceptions.
Researchers developed a platform to derive comprehensive molecular profiles of tumours, enabling personalized therapy recommendations and expanded treatment options. The Tumor Profiler study analyzed 240 patients' tumour samples using advanced testing methods, providing insights into cellular diversity and treatment response.
A recent study assessed the increase in pediatric cases of alcohol-based hand sanitizer eye exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The severity and management of ocular lesions were also evaluated.
A study by Dr Tom Hutley and colleagues found that the longer healthcare workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE), the more issues they experience, including tiredness, headaches, and dizziness. The survey also revealed a negative impact on team performance, with 92% of respondents feeling PPE affected communication.
A new desalination membrane was developed by laminating graphene oxide nanosheets on a porous polymer membrane, enabling highly efficient desalination with controlled ion-blocking functionality. The membrane can block around 95% of NaCl ions, making it suitable for producing freshwater from seawater.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a new CAR T therapy that targets solid tumors in children, including neuroblastoma. The modified therapy uses a unique protein called synNotch to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
A team of researchers at Flinders University has developed a sustainable way to produce protein 'superfoods' from marine algae. The process involves cultivating single-cell organisms from the ocean and converting them into healthy cell patties, chips, pastes, jams, and even caviar.
Researchers have found that dendritic cells in young animals are capable of triggering effective immune reactions, challenging the conventional view on their immaturity. These findings suggest new ways to boost the efficacy of vaccines for young children.
Researchers use novel techniques to observe salt crystal formation at the atomic level for the first time. The study confirms theoretical predictions about crystal formation and provides insight into polymorphism in crystal growth.
Researchers discovered SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human corneas of patients with COVID-19, shedding light on the virus's presence beyond respiratory sites. The study suggests potential implications for eye care and infection transmission.
New research from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that AI-driven interventions are effective in stopping the spread of misinformation when a news story first emerges. The guidance is most effective when it provides reasoning that aligns with a person's natural thought process.
Researchers used phreatic overgrowths on speleothems in Mallorca caves to determine past sea levels, providing a way to precisely measure sea levels. The study's results show that sea level dropped significantly after the Pliocene period and fluctuated during warm periods.
A small, highly controlled study at the National Institutes of Health compared the effects of a low-fat, plant-based diet to a low-carb, animal-based diet on calorie intake, hormone levels, body weight, and more. Participants lost weight on both diets, but only the low-fat diet led to a significant loss of body fat.
Researchers developed a novel camera-based system for automated drone landing using 2D symbol detection, allowing drones to safely land on uneven terrain. The system consists of a commercial flight controller, Raspberry Pi module, and image-processing algorithm that detects a distinctive landing symbol in real-time.
Chemists at the University of Jena have successfully created a bimetallic main-group complex using gallium, demonstrating cooperative bond activation that can remove fluorine atoms from hydrocarbon compounds. The breakthrough paves the way for further development of sustainable catalytic reactions.
Researchers identified genetic factors increasing pneumonia risk in patients of European and African ancestry, highlighting potential disparities in COVID-19 outcomes. The study may aid efforts to identify high-risk patients and develop targeted treatments.
Researchers at Stockholm University found that oak acorn microbes are inherited by seedlings, promoting growth and protecting against diseases. This discovery opens up new possibilities for breeding super plants with improved genes and microbial communities.
A new study highlights the impact of socioeconomic factors on eyewitness accounts of earthquake shaking reported through online systems like DYFI. The research found complex trends in California and India, with differences in self-reported reports based on neighborhood income levels and literacy rates.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a method to prevent gold nanoparticles from clumping, which could improve their effectiveness as anti-cancer therapy. Attaching ring-shaped synthetic compounds to gold nanoparticles retains their light-absorbing properties and maintains dispersion in solution.
During the pandemic, female academics are sharing their experiences and advice on managing work-life balance while juggling caregiving responsibilities. The authors suggest finding peer support groups, saying no to non-essential tasks, and prioritizing self-care. They also emphasize the importance of recognizing individual differences ...
Research suggests that people with Barrett's esophagus, a disorder causing the esophagus to resemble intestinal cells, have SARS-CoV-2 receptors that can bind and become infected by the virus. This increases the risk of infection through swallowing the virus.
A new trial published in The BMJ found that adding the arthritis drug tocilizumab to standard care for patients with severe Covid-19 did not improve clinical outcomes at 15 days. In fact, the study showed an increased number of deaths among patients receiving the drug.
A large international study evaluated the UK National Early Warning Risk Score 2 for predicting severe COVID-19 outcomes. The scoring system, widely used in UK NHS trusts, showed moderate success in short-term predictions but poor-to-moderate accuracy in medium-term outcomes.
The UAB team created hollow polymer capsules that can track cancer drug delivery using PET imaging, targeting solid tumors and releasing anticancer drugs upon rupture. The system overcomes limitations in current PET-guided theranostic agents with stable zirconium-89 binding.
Researchers have developed a new method to accurately characterize the thickness of hundreds-layer semiconductor devices using optical spectral measurements and machine learning. The technique can determine layer thickness with an average error of 1.6 Å, helping control etching and deposition processes.
Researchers have discovered a method to produce silicon at room temperature using electrical currents instead of extreme heat, which could slash energy use and cost in the industry. This technique replaces thermochemical processes with electrochemical processes, converting clean electricity into chemical energy.
A Mayo Clinic study found that age influences sex-related outcomes after a heart attack, with younger women being more likely to experience vascular complications and major bleeds. The study analyzed over 6.7 million hospitalization records and showed distinct differences in risk profiles for heart disease between men and women.
A new study finds that exercise protein MOTS-c improves physical performance, capacity and fitness in older mice. In human subjects, MOTS-c levels increase after exercise and may hold promise for addressing age-related decline and frailty.
The study reveals that the Flensburg meteorite contains carbonates dating back over three million years, making them the oldest in the solar system. The findings also suggest that liquid water existed on a minor planet early in the solar system's formation.
A recent study found a sharp increase in methamphetamine overdose deaths across all racial and ethnic groups, but non-Hispanic American Indians and Alaska Natives had the highest death rates overall. The study highlights the need for culturally tailored prevention and treatment strategies to address this growing crisis.
A new study expands the 64Cu-DOTATATE PET imaging time window to three hours post-injection, detecting similar numbers of lesions as a one-hour scan. The extended imaging time allows for more flexible routine imaging of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Researchers analyzed tree rings in Alaska to understand the climate's response to the 1783 Laki Volcano eruption. They found that tree growth stopped suddenly after the eruption, suggesting a sudden cooling at the end of the growing season.
Researchers developed a method to detect pancreatic cancer by analyzing changes in albumin's structure and function. The approach showed promise in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumours, but further testing is needed.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered that removing a key gene called Cbl-b can revitalize exhausted CD8+ T cells to combat malignant tumors. This breakthrough could offer a new approach to harnessing the body's immune system to fight cancers.
Researchers found that catnip and silver vine contain intoxicating chemicals that repel mosquitoes when cats rub against them. The study identified nepetalactol as the most potent compound in silver vine leaves, which activates the opioid reward system in both domesticated felines and big jungle cats.
A new study examines the factors associated with US public motivation to self-test for COVID-19 and distribute self-test kits. The research found that individual characteristics, social norms, and community-level factors play a significant role in shaping this motivation.
A new study by the University of Nottingham and Durham University found that advanced InSAR techniques could have foreseen the catastrophic tailings dam collapse in Brazil, which killed over 200 people. The research reveals that different areas of the dam were moving at different rates, indicating that failure was foreseeable.