Researchers developed a machine learning model to predict bond characteristics, such as binding energy and Fermi energy, based on individual component parameters. The model achieved accurate predictions across various systems, offering potential benefits for material design and development in fields like catalysis and nano clusters.
The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services journals released their July issues, exploring how structural racism impacts mental health. The studies include the effects of socioeconomic deprivation on psychosis and reducing public stigma towards individuals with OCD.
Researchers at the University of Bern created an in vitro cell culture model biobank from 12 different animal species to assess their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that rhesus macaques and cats may be particularly vulnerable, highlighting the need for close surveillance and early detection programs.
Researchers challenge long-held views on transition dairy cow health, suggesting that common metabolic changes may not be the cause of health problems. The study highlights the need to re-examine methods and conclusions of previous research to develop more effective solutions.
US children from marginalized groups are more likely to experience CPS investigations, with high rates found in Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations. The study estimates that over half of all US counties have a risk of at least 60% for these groups by age 18.
A new robotic neck brace designed by Columbia Engineering can precisely detect changes in patient neck movements during routine clinical visits. The device can help identify patients who may have issues with neck movement, enabling targeted physical therapy interventions to improve recovery outcomes.
Insect pests like the spruce budworm can increase mortality rates of threatened ungulates by altering forest understory composition. This study reveals a positive association between moose density and deciduous vegetation, which in turn supports higher wolf populations and caribou mortality.
A meta-analysis of 74 studies found young-onset dementia affects approximately 4.3% of people under age 65 worldwide. The study's results provide a more precise estimate of dementia's global occurrence in younger populations.
A new species of butterfly has been discovered in Canada, the European Common Blue, which could become widespread due to its preference for urban areas. The study found that the butterfly can reach extremely high densities relative to native butterflies and is a low-moderate disperser.
A new species of alpine moth has been discovered in the Alps, with its discovery resolving a 180-year-old mystery. The moth, named Dichrorampha velata, was found to be different from a previously known species and had to be described as new to science.
Researchers at RIKEN discovered that acetate triggers an immune response against harmful bacteria by increasing IgA production and altering the balance of intestinal bacteria. The study suggests that acetate can be used to regulate the gut microbiome and prevent disease.
A Spanish study found that same-day rapid screening, face mask use, and improved ventilation significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates at an indoor concert with no physical distancing. The research suggests protocols for preventing virus transmission during such events.
Researchers at the University of Warwick used computational modelling to investigate the impact of high breathing efforts on COVID-19 patients' lungs. They found that increased respiratory efforts can produce injurious pressures and strains, posing a risk of lung injury. The study suggests that patients with acute respiratory failure d...
Researchers developed patient-specific tumor organoids to test immunotherapy treatments for appendiceal cancer. The study found that various types of immunotherapies can achieve personalized results, identifying beneficial treatments while sparing patients from harmful side effects.
A Rutgers University study found that a public health summer program increased students' interest in pursuing careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). The program provided an overview of public health, epidemiology, and health issues relevant to adolescents, motivating students to pursue public health careers.
A recent review of 91 studies sheds light on the challenges faced by transgender young people accessing healthcare. The study reveals that these individuals often experience inadequate care, lack of understanding from healthcare providers, and limited access to gender-affirming treatments.
New research has found that seismic surveys used in oil and gas exploration do not impact the abundance or behavior of commercially valuable fish species in north-western Australia. The eight-month experiment measured the effects of seismic airguns on the community of commercially important species, such as red emperor fish.
Researchers developed an approach to evaluate cognitive workload in cyclists, finding that stressful areas have a consistent response regardless of expertise level. The study suggests that infrastructure design is key to making spaces safe, shifting the focus from individual education to proactive urban planning.
Researchers conducted a large-scale experiment near Australia's Pilbara Coast and found no significant effects of seismic surveys on demersal fish abundance or behavior. The study suggests that seismic surveys may not harm tropical fishes, contrary to previous concerns.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that over 66% of restaurant employees experience some form of sexual harassment. The research suggests that tipping and requirements for friendly displays create a power imbalance between customers and service workers, leading to increased harassment.
A recent study led by Michigan State University ecologists reveals that changing climate has nearly seven times more significant impact on eastern monarch population decline than other contributors. The team analyzed data from over 18,000 surveys of monarchs in the midwestern US, central Mexico, and southern Canada between 1994 and 2018.
Researchers have identified DYRK1A as a critical signaling protein that modifies the molecular machinery of the TOM complex, making it more permeable for enzymes important for cell metabolism. This discovery offers new insights into neurodevelopmental disorders and potential treatment strategies.
A study by CNIO researchers found that both isoforms of the KRAS oncogene are oncogenic and must be targeted for therapies to be effective. The research suggests that KRAS4A mutant is even more active than previously thought, inducing lung cancer and metastasis in 20% of individuals.
A study on gymnosperm diversification reveals that gene duplications are linked to major pulses of phenotypic evolution. The researchers found that ecological opportunity and environmental heterogeneity drove a resurgence of gymnosperm diversification since the rise of angiosperms.
A University of Alberta research team found that firefighters dealing with the massive 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire suffered from long-term lung damage, including increased bronchial reactivity and thickening. The risk of developing asthma was more than doubled compared to the general population.
A new study by University of Colorado Boulder researchers found that political anger can lead to more anger in ordinary citizens. The study discovered that when people read about an enraged politician from their own party, they were more likely to report feeling mad themselves and get involved in politics. On the other hand, moderate v...
A recent study in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics found that nearly one-third of emerging adults experienced food insecurity, with Black, Indigenous, and persons of color disproportionately affected. The study also revealed concerns about discrimination and safety barriers to accessing healthy food, emphasizing th...
Astronomers find that massive black holes play a key role in halting star formation in galaxies, contradicting previous assumptions. Using simulations and machine learning, the team confirmed that supermassive black hole mass is the most important factor in suppressing stellar activity.
A new testing technique using fruit flies could identify potential non-hormonal birth control drugs with fewer side effects for women. The method uses compounds that stop ovulation in fruit flies to test potential human birth control drugs.
Researchers used hyperspectral and thermal imaging to predict holm oak decline at an early stage, detecting changes in physiological condition before visible symptoms. This integrated approach is vital for large-scale monitoring of forest decline and could apply to other forest diseases.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine investigated the association between cycling and mortality rates among individuals with diabetes. The research suggests that regular cycling may help reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease or any other cause.
Russian scientists have synthesized chemical compounds that activate intracellular mechanisms to combat neurodegenerative pathologies. These substances increase the survival of neuronal cells in cellular models of Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury, offering a breakthrough treatment for brain diseases.
A study of 3,568 children aged 9-15 found that proximity to woodlands was linked to better cognitive development and lower risk of emotional problems. Higher exposure to woodland was associated with higher scores in cognitive development and a 16% lower risk of emotional and behavioural problems.
In low-nutrient environments, marine microbes form consortia with ciliates to capture nutrients. This cooperative solution increases nutrient flux to the diatom's cell surface up to 10 times greater than alone. Researchers used PIV technology to measure fluid flows and found a more favorable solution for low-mixing conditions.
The Event Horizon Telescope has imaged the heart of the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A, pinpointing the location of its central supermassive black hole and revealing a gigantic jet being born. The new image challenges theoretical models of jets, showing that only the outer edges emit radiation.
The EU-funded ADMIRE project aims to develop intelligent adaptive storage systems for high-performance computing, improving application runtime and data access. Fourteen institutions from six European countries are working together to create a scalable and efficient system that can meet the needs of data-intensive applications.
Researchers found significant racial and ethnic disparities in outpatient visit rates among US physician specialties. The study, published in JAMA Internal Medicine, highlights concerns about unequal access to healthcare services.
A US-based study reveals that Americans generally support transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. However, they are less accepting of having these infrastructures built near their homes, with a preference for distances of over 5 km/miles from residences.
A novel coronavirus related to Covid-19 has been found in UK horseshoe bats, with the team suggesting that these bats have likely harbored the virus for thousands of years. The discovery highlights the need for robust genotype testing in bat populations and raises concerns about the potential for viral mutation.
A new NIH-funded study found that certain patterns on CT scans after mild traumatic brain injury can predict outcomes and guide treatment. The research identified three distinct sets of patterns, including bleeding into brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid, associated with various short- and long-term outcomes.
Researchers from USTC created a divacancy color center array and achieved spin-coherent manipulation of a single divacancy color center at room temperature. The spin color centers showed excellent properties comparable to the diamond NV center, with a 30% spin readout contrast and extended coherence time of up to 23 microseconds.
Researchers have successfully broken carbon-hydrogen bonds in light alkanes using a novel amidation process, enabling the synthesis of complex organic molecules such as pharmaceuticals. The method has significant implications for recycling plastic waste and utilizing natural gas as a synthetic building block.
A new approach to analyze satellite measurements shows that clouds are likely to enhance global heating, further exacerbating climate change. The research suggests that a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations will lead to an average warming of more than 3°C.
A new study suggests that COVID-19 made unequal access to food worse, especially for low-income people of color. Despite the pandemic, dollar stores and small local grocers saw only a small decline in customer levels compared to large grocery stores.
A McMaster-led study found that abelacimab prevents blood clots for up to a month after surgery, reducing the risk by about 80% compared to enoxaparin. The treatment also has potential to treat other cardiovascular conditions, such as stroke and deep-vein thrombosis.
The study analyzed data from 9,859 COVID-19 infections and found that people under 45 with certain chronic conditions had a greater than threefold increased risk of severe infection. Cancer was the biggest difference in risk between younger and older age groups.
A new study reveals the second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine induces powerful immune system responses, including broad antiviral protection and enhanced innate immunity. The research strongly supports skipping the second dose, as it stimulates a manifold increase in antibody levels and a terrific T-cell response.
The global Phase 2/3 study with opaganib in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia has completed patient treatment and follow-up. The company expects to report top-line results in the coming weeks, which will determine the efficacy of opaganib in treating COVID-19.
A study published in Evidence-Based Mental Health reveals that one in eight children have mental disorders requiring treatment, but most will not access services. The authors highlight the need for increased investment in children's mental health budgets and effective interventions.
Scientists have found a low-cost way to split off oxygen molecules from water using sunlight, paving the way for more efficient production of clean hydrogen. The breakthrough uses a technique that creates electrically conductive paths through a silicon dioxide layer, allowing for stable and efficient water splitting.
Researchers developed a θ-SIR model to simulate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 strains and vaccines on COVID-19 propagation. The model estimates that insufficient vaccination rates can lead to new waves, even with effective reproduction numbers below 1.
An international team of scientists uses archeological digs and palaeoclimate records to study human interactions with the environment during past climate-change events. This approach can help identify tipping points in climate history and provide insights into how cultural diversity has contributed to human resilience.
A new study found that many parents recognize signs of sleep-disordered breathing in their children but fail to bring it up with their doctor. Parents are advised to check on their child's sleep quality and share concerns with their doctor to catch potential health issues early.
Pikas reduce their metabolism to conserve energy during harsh winters, resulting in a 30% decrease in daily energy expenditures. In areas with high yak populations, pikas exploit an easily accessible food source, yak feces, which may help explain their relatively abundant presence.
Scientists have identified a dual-control system that regulates the release and recycling of synaptic vesicles, enabling precise signal transmission. Calcium channels Ca2 and Ca1 are spatially segregated, with Ca2 required for exocytosis and Ca1 enhancing endocytosis, demonstrating separate control of these processes.
A recent study reveals that many Latinx immigrants have concerns about COVID-19 testing, treatment, and contact tracing, affecting their willingness to engage with healthcare services. The findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive and accessible healthcare solutions to address these concerns.
The new course will use real-life scenarios and technology to help students see how they can apply calculus to solve problems in the world. Students will be able to choose from a variety of homework sets and worksheets based on their interests, and an electronic textbook with free access will also be available.
Researchers found that sleep twitches guide the transformation of redundant to complex electrical activity in the motor cortex of rat pups. By four days after birth, sleep twitches are essential for developing this neural network, marking a key developmental transition.
A new study from the University of California, Berkeley suggests that parents may talk less to their kids when experiencing financial scarcity, contributing to the 'word gap' in vocabulary. Researchers found that parents who described recent experiences of resource insecurity spoke fewer words to their children during laboratory observ...
A new test with 'unprecedented early detection power' is being developed by a University of Houston researcher to detect cancer biomarkers in blood. The liquid biopsy method uses exosomes, small vesicles containing surface proteins and genetic materials, to improve the accuracy of measuring minimal residual disease (MRD) in cancer tumors.