The symposium will explore the latest research findings on computer systems and methods in HPC, focusing on achieving optimal computing performance and energy efficiency. Researchers from top institutions will present their work, including keynotes and special sessions on up-to-the-minute topics.
The team uses a technique called Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) with an originally designed 3D-printed attenuated total reflectance (ATR) unit to identify the orientation of molecules and chemical bonds in crystalline organic-inorganic hybrid thin films
The national tender system in Norway has significantly reduced the cost of biologic and targeted drugs for rheumatoid arthritis patients. Over a 10-year period, the average annual costs were lowered by approximately 50%, with current users experiencing a 50% reduction and new patients seeing a 75% decrease.
Researchers found that climate warming decreases fungal species and changes community composition, especially in autumn, with only minor impact from tree genes. Fungal communities change significantly as leaves age and the season progresses.
Researchers developed a new protocol called Blitz that improves the security and efficiency of cryptocurrency transactions. The new protocol reduces communication rounds to a single round, increasing practicality and reducing failed transactions by a factor of 4-33 compared to traditional Lightning Network.
The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) has established a framework to address the unmet need for support of female rheumatologists and other healthcare professionals in academic rheumatology. The framework outlines six thematic areas with 29 potential interventions to accelerate gender-equitable career advancement.
Researchers found a significant increase in giant cell arteritis cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 61 probable diagnoses made in 2020 compared to 28 in 2019. The excess cases are thought to be driven by widespread infection and immune system priming caused by SARS-CoV-2.
A review published in Harvard Review of Psychiatry found that cannabis use by young people with ADHD does not appear to have additional adverse effects on brain development or functioning. However, the authors note a need for further research to clarify possible effects and consider factors such as potency and frequency of use.
Patients waiting for a kidney transplant who experienced various symptoms had a higher risk of dying while on the waitlist. However, those who underwent transplantation saw an improvement in symptoms, with overall 10% reduction and significant declines in fatigue and itchy skin.
A study using Finnish data found that the MUC5B promoter variant is a strong predictor of developing interstitial lung disease in people with rheumatoid arthritis, with a lifetime risk of 14.5% by age 80. The risk difference starts to emerge at age 65 and is highest in men with RA who are MUC5B carriers.
A population-based cohort study in Catalonia, Spain, found positive associations between RA and COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization. In contrast, no association was observed between RA and worsening from outpatient to hospital or death. Further research is needed to address comorbidities and immunosuppressive medications.
A small feasibility study suggests that tai chi can significantly reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in people who have had a stroke. The intervention improved sleep efficiency, reduced wakefulness after sleep onset, and decreased time awake.
A new study separated the impact of anthropogenic and natural pollutants on air quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers found that 72% of nitrogen oxides emissions in urban centers came from traffic and factories, while agricultural activities in rural areas contributed to faster recovery after lockdown.
Researchers at the National Research Council of Science & Technology have developed a novel anode material for sodium-ion batteries using low-cost silicone-based oil. This material can store 1.5 times more electricity than commercial lithium-ion batteries and maintains its performance even after 200 cycles.
A team of biologists identified a family of algae as a living missing link in the microscopic domain. The discovery sheds new light on the evolution of these organisms and clarifies their evolutionary history.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have gained insight into the process of autophagy, where cells degrade and recycle cellular components. The study reveals that a chemical modification helps direct the transport of autophagosomes to cellular recycling plants, potentially leading to new targets for age-related diseases.
A decade-long study found that personalized medicine, considering patient needs and environment, is more effective than one-size-fits-all approaches. The research team recommended a tailored approach for distal radius fractures, taking into account the patient's social environment and risk tolerance.
Neurons in the mouse visual thalamus establish strong functional connections only with one retina, not with both, resolving contradictory results from previous studies. The dominant eye is determined by a clear selection of input, and non-dominant eye signals are weak or inactive.
A study found that baseline use of biologic medications like rituximab and JAK inhibitors is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes in people with rheumatoid arthritis. This association was seen even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
A new Northwestern University study reveals that the hippocampus is not just essential for long-term memory but also supports short-term memory and guides decision-making. The findings suggest that the hippocampus uses short-term memory to inform where we look, priming our visual system to learn and reevaluate our environment on the fly.
Researchers developed a bio-inspired hydrogel to prevent post-operative adhesions in the heart, with promising results in rats and pigs. The hydrogel creates a protective barrier while allowing for movement and is designed to be easily removable and dissolveable.
A new study reveals that a changing parasite is behind the intensification of oyster disease in the Chesapeake Bay region. The emergence of a more virulent form of Perkinsus marinus, caused by evolutionary pressures from a non-native parasite MSX, led to a sharp increase in disease prevalence and deadliness.
A research team from the University of Göttingen has observed a direct interaction between microtubules and intermediate filaments, leading to stabilisation and extended lifespan. This interaction is important for understanding cellular processes and may have implications for diseased cells.
A new study by Colorado State University Professor Silvia Sara Canetto found that men who engage in more family care work have lower suicide rates. The research suggests that men's underinvestment in family care work may contribute to their vulnerability to suicide, particularly during economic difficult circumstances.
A novel mRNA-based vaccine has shown high levels of protection against malaria in animal models, offering new hope for combatting this deadly disease. The vaccine uses a lipid nanoparticle to stimulate the immune system and trigger a protective response.
Research finds that childhood exercise promotes cognitive function through changes in brain structure and connectivity, reducing false alarm rates in tasks like Go/No-go. Cortical density and neurite orientation also play a role, suggesting early exercise may improve brain health for life.
Research finds that when service industry employees are financially dependent on customer tips and required to project a positive attitude, they're more likely to experience sexual harassment. The study suggests that reducing dependence on tips or relaxing emotional expectations can help mitigate this issue.
A new study highlights the high risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular complications in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome, particularly those with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Adults with this condition are 19.63 times more likely to develop kidney failure over a median follow-up period of 4.5 years.
Researchers found that most IBS patients have visible bacterial biofilms in their gut under endoscopic examination, which can impair gut function. Biofilms can also occur in ulcerative colitis patients, and irrigation therapy shows promise in alleviating symptoms.
A study of 300 rheumatism patients found 9% SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity rates for IgG, IgM, and IgA, with higher titres in symptomatic patients and those with obesity and multiple comorbidities. The study confirms that the true spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection is broader than previously thought, particularly among vulnerable populations.
The company's 3D Predict assay has been validated for predicting responses to temozolomide in glioblastoma patients, with predictive accuracy comparable to its previous results in ovarian cancer. The test identifies future responders and non-responders, enabling personalized treatment strategies.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge identified Yersinia Pestis in individual burials, showing that plague victims received individual care despite the outbreak. This contradicts previous assumptions of mass burials and improves our understanding of past pandemics.
Researchers developed a prototype device that measures placental oxygen levels using near-infrared light, potentially diagnosing common pregnancy complications. The study found that women with anterior placenta and complications had lower placental oxygen levels compared to healthy pregnancies.
Researchers have discovered two distinct groups of trans-Neptunian objects with different surface colors exhibit vastly different orbital patterns. This new information can be compared to models of the solar system to provide fresh insights into its early chemistry and the formation of the Kuiper Belt.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have developed a non-invasive method to measure PD-L1 biomarker levels in lung cancer patients using PET/CT scan images. This approach uses deep learning to predict checkpoint inhibitor outcomes, which could help determine optimal treatment strategies for patients.
Neutrophils use an internal start-stop system to balance search and destroy phases for efficient pathogen elimination. This system helps prevent excessive inflammation and tissue damage. The study provides new insights into neutrophil biology, essential for immune host defense against bacteria.
A rare parasitic infection is spreading rapidly in Alberta, with over 17 human cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2020. The disease, known as alveolar echinococcosis, causes serious health complications and can be deadly if left untreated.
Experts say current approaches to relocating climate-displaced people are woefully inadequate, leading to worsening societal inequities. A new approach is needed, integrating diverse perspectives, knowledge sources, and strategies to ensure successful relocation and community thriving.
A new nematode species, Cryptaphelenchus abietis, has been discovered inside bark beetles emerging from a dead log in Nagano, Japan. The species is cultivable and may become a useful model for studying the physiological and ecological evolution of nematodes.
A large retrospective study found that convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients can improve the likelihood of survival among blood cancer patients hospitalized with the virus. The therapy, which involves transfusing plasma rich in antibodies, was associated with a lower death rate compared to those who did not receive it.
Researchers developed a fluorescent probe that binds to activated platelets, enabling clinicians to proactively treat patients before clotting or scarring occurs. The tool uses intravascular catheter-based imaging and has the potential to optimize patient outcomes.
A team of researchers has successfully analyzed over 8,000 proteins in fixed lung cancer tissue samples, providing a detailed understanding of molecular processes in cancer cells. The study aims to help identify the best treatment for each tumor and may lead to new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the unique defect properties of low-dimensional materials particularly Sb2S3, which shows advantages in less dangling bonds and reduced recombination of carriers. Sulphur-rich Sb2S3 films exhibited excellent performance with lower density of defects and improved photovoltaic performance.
A survey study found COVID-19 associated with significant economic security reductions among women at high risk of HIV infection in rural Kenya. Altered sexual behavior may have temporarily decreased their HIV risk.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have developed a new technique to store qubits of light at room temperature, a major breakthrough in quantum research. This innovation enables the storage of qubits for milliseconds instead of microseconds, saving power and resources.
A study found that mandatory employee symptom data collection can estimate COVID-19 hospitalizations. Researchers collected daily employee symptom data from a Boston hospital and compared it to actual hospital admissions, revealing a significant correlation between the two.
A Henry Ford Health System study reveals that e-scooter-related head and neck injuries account for nearly 28% of reported riding mishaps. The study's findings highlight the importance of wearing helmets and following safety tips to reduce the risk of injury while using e-scooters.
Research reveals that parrots rely on eavesdropping on vocal interactions to assess unfamiliar individuals. In flock encounters, flocks primarily choose to follow a leader's contact call, indicating the importance of vocal imitation in social interactions.
Dr. Malene Hansen receives the Irving S. Wright Award for her work on cellular recycling and aging, while Dr. Morgan Levine wins the Vincent Cristofalo Rising Star Award for her biomarkers of aging research. Both awards recognize their contributions to advancing healthy aging through biomedical research.
Researchers developed a new computational approach, CancerCellNet, to evaluate research models. The tool uses RNA sequences to compare lab-grown cancer cells with human tumor data, finding that cell lines are genetically inferior to genetically engineered mice and tumoroids in 4 out of 5 tested tumor types.
Researchers from Nara Institute of Science and Technology discovered that an anchoring complex, Msd1-Wdr8, stabilizes microtubule creation sites in plant cells. It then recruits katanin, a key enzyme, to sever new microtubules, enabling cell division and development.
Physicists used attosecond pulses to study tungsten crystals' photoelectron emission dynamics. The results show that electrons from neighboring energy states in the valence band differ by tens of attoseconds in their response times.
A study published in Geophysical Research Letters found that anthropogenic forcing has increased drought risk in Southeast Asia, with more frequent and widespread droughts over the past six decades. The region's biodiversity is also threatened due to water scarcity issues exacerbated by climate change.
Researchers engineered NK cells to resist immune suppression and eliminated glioblastoma stem cells using inhibitors targeting TGF-β receptors. The study suggests a combinatorial approach of NK cell-based immunotherapy with disruption of the TGF-β signaling axis for treating glioblastoma.
A group of women scientists propose changes to the current system, emphasizing equal, diverse, and inclusive mentoring relationships to promote wellbeing and belonging among underrepresented groups. They also advocate for a multidimensional mentorship model that prioritizes mentee wellbeing.
The study found that Black patients hospitalized with COVID-19 face higher mortality rates due to inadequate care at predominantly minority hospitals. The disparity is attributed to systemic issues and unequal access to quality healthcare.
Researchers generated first-of-its-kind data on lightly reinforced concrete walls, which helped revise New Zealand Concrete Structures Standard and U.S. Building Code Requirements. The dataset, published on NHERI DesignSafe cyberinfrastructure, revealed hidden damage in walls that led to improved understanding of earthquake engineering.
A new study by Washington University School of Medicine identifies a protein called Interleukin-22 that may protect babies from necrotizing enterocolitis, a leading cause of death among premature infants. The findings suggest that low levels of IL-22 in the intestine lead to an exaggerated inflammatory response and tissue damage.
Environmental injustices, such as toxic landfills and chemical plants, are often located in predominantly Black, Latinx, and Indigenous neighborhoods, threatening the health of these populations. The Hastings Center Report highlights the need for bioethics to consider environmental injustice in its principles of justice.
Research reveals sacred groves in Kurdistan, Iran, harbor higher taxonomic diversity than neighboring lands, hosting rare plants and threatened animals. Local perceptions prioritize spiritual values, cultural heritage, and biodiversity protection.