A new study by University of Texas at Arlington professors explores how businesses respond to ransomware attacks and finds that negotiating with attackers may not be the best approach. The researchers suggest that companies should prioritize investing in cybersecurity to avoid long-term risks.
A study published in Scientific Reports reveals that harpy eagles rely on specific prey in canopy forests and starve when these areas are heavily deforested. As a result, breeding pairs may decline by up to 3,256 since 1985, emphasizing the need for forest conservation.
A longitudinal study of 358 diabetics found that proteins ANGPT1, TNFSF12, and FGF20 are associated with slower kidney decline. These proteins may help identify individuals at higher risk of diabetic kidney disease, enabling earlier interventions and treatment.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are naturally produced during biochemical reactions within cells. They can induce apoptosis by activating cell death pathways, but high levels can promote cell proliferation and tumor progression.
A qualitative study explored nurses' experiences and beliefs on pain management practices in hemodialysis units. The study identified five themes and subcategories to improve pain management education and practices.
A study recommends expanding conservation aquaculture in ten priority estuaries on the West Coast to restore declining Olympia oyster populations, benefiting both local shellfish growers and Tribal communities. Aquaculture can support wild populations without harvesting or selling native oysters.
A study at ECCMID identifies existing drugs that could be repurposed to treat gonorrhoea by targeting efflux pumps, which remove toxic compounds from bacterial cells. The research found 57 potential drug candidates, including dequalinium and doxorubicin, which may serve as lead compounds for new gonorrhea treatments.
A new study by Emory psychologists explains that genetic risks for nicotine dependence are linked to multiple traits and diseases, including schizophrenia, depression, and neuroticism. The research provides a more comprehensive understanding of the heritability of nicotine dependence, accounting for nearly 4% of its variation.
A new study using fecal stanols found that the Maya population in Itzan declined due to both droughts and wet periods, showing a link between climate extremes and population changes. The research provides insights into how ancient civilizations adapted to environmental issues like soil degradation and nutrient loss.
A study found that wildfires alter male red-backed fairywrens' plumage, making them less attractive to females, while also lowering circulating testosterone. This suggests an evolved response to minimize breeding during unfavorable environmental conditions.
A new beetle species, Triamyxa coprolithica, has been found in 230-million-year-old fossil feces attributed to a dinosaur ancestor. The beetles were preserved in the coprolite fragment, providing a detailed description of the new genus and insights into early insect evolution.
Researchers used convolutional neural networks to analyze facial photos before and after facelift surgery in 50 patients. The AI algorithms recognized a 4.3-year reduction in age, which correlated with patient satisfaction scores, averaging 75 for facial appearance and over 80 for quality of life.
Researchers explored whether ivermectin administration influences malaria transmission, finding large effects on mosquito mortality but no significant impact on malaria incidence in children. Further studies are underway to determine the efficacy of community-wide ivermectin treatment for reducing malaria transmission.
A breakthrough in tracking RNA with fluorescence allows researchers to follow messenger RNA molecules in real time, enabling the development of new RNA-based medicines. This method provides crucial information for optimising drug discovery and understanding how mRNA is taken up into cells.
A new study evaluated eight miRNA applications to simplify the process of discovery and characterization. Two programs, sRNAbench and miRExpress, stood out for their high sensitivity and low run times, making them suitable for use in plants with varying genome sizes.
Researchers have developed a novel method for studying DNA repair in yeast cells that can be conducted entirely in space, using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. The technique successfully demonstrated the viability of the new method on the ISS, paving the way for extensive research into DNA repair in space.
Researchers found that eating disorder behaviors like binge-eating alter brain reward response and food intake control circuitry, reinforcing these behaviors. The study suggests that behavioral traits contribute to eating disorder maintenance and progression by modulating internal reward responses.
Plants can respond to subtle environmental changes on the cellular level, triggering molecular changes in as little as five minutes. The study found that canopy shade leads to the removal of histones at growth-regulating genes through DNA binding of PIF7, activating their expression.
A large study found that pregnant women using over-the-counter painkillers have a higher risk of preterm delivery, stillbirth, and neonatal death. Healthcare guidance for pregnant women regarding non-prescription painkiller use should be reassessed.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide have developed strategies to delay grape ripening and increase flavor potential in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. By manipulating crop load and irrigation management, they were able to slow down sugar accumulation and improve aroma compounds, colour, and mouthfeel.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that the University of Cincinnati's screening program contributed to a 20% increase in new HIV diagnoses among persons who inject drugs in Hamilton County, Ohio. The program's data was crucial in identifying an outbreak and triggering public health authorities' response.
A study by UCL researchers suggests that levelling up access to finance for poorer countries can accelerate the transition to renewable energy, allowing Africa to reach net-zero emissions approximately 10 years earlier than current projections. This would require policy interventions to lower the weighted average cost of capital (WACC)...
A new study found that frequent COVID-19 testing, especially using polymerase chain reaction tests paired with rapid results reporting, can achieve 98% sensitivity in detecting infection. This approach can be particularly effective in places where vaccination is not yet widespread or when variants are on the rise.
Researchers found that a single targeted message didn't affect the return to in-person visits within a month, but resulted in a small increase in re-engagement through telemedicine and rescheduling of future visits. The study suggests that alternative communication strategies may be more effective for promoting in-person care.
During their marathon flights, great snipes change elevation depending on time of day, typically flying higher in daylight to escape heat and finding a behavior that's optimal for them. They reach astonishing altitudes, with one bird flying as high as 8,700 meters, nearly as high as Mount Everest.
Researchers successfully reduced crystalline device thickness to two atoms, enabling faster, more efficient electronic devices. The new technology proposes a way to store electric information in the thinnest unit known to science.
A new study by NIH-funded researchers found that a diet higher in fatty fish and lower in vegetable oils can reduce the number of migraines and intensity of pain. Participants experienced a 30-40% reduction in headache hours per day compared to those on a control diet.
A study using street names to quantify cultural indicators found that Vienna honors the most women (54%), followed by London (40%). Paris and New York have lower proportions, with many streets named after people from the 1860s. Street names also reflect professions and professions held by street honorees, such as artists, writers, and ...
Researchers found a new family of beetles, Triamyxa coprolithica, with legs and antennae intact in a fossilized droppings sample from the Triassic period. The discovery offers a new alternative to amber fossils for studying insect evolution and food webs.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne found that liquid chalk is effective against both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A viruses. The study tested four different types of chalk, with three working incredibly effectively, and showed complete resistance to norovirus in some cases.
Neuroscientists at UCL have identified abnormalities in the way memories are 'replayed' in the brains of people with schizophrenia. The study found that individuals with schizophrenia were less able to build a structure of the task, with impaired neural replay linked to their symptoms.
A University of Arizona study suggests that Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) can effectively assess clinical skills in community pharmacies, providing a valuable learning experience for pharmacy students. The OSCE design was found to accurately reflect the time constraints faced by pharmacists in real-world settings.
Domestic burning of wood and dung fuels in Neolithic homes would have exceeded modern internationally-agreed standards for indoor air quality, exposing inhabitants to unsafe levels of particulates. The study suggests that chronic exposure to PM2.5 could be linked to bone lesions found in the remains of Çatalhöyük's inhabitants.
Researchers at NIST have upgraded their laser frequency-comb instrument to measure three airborne greenhouse gases: nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, plus major air pollutants ozone and carbon monoxide. The new system can identify gas signatures by precisely measuring the amounts of light absorbed at each color in the bro...
Small biotech firms are partnering with large pharmaceutical companies to scale up production of promising new molecules. This collaboration allows them to bring lifesaving drugs to patients more efficiently.
A multinational team of researchers warns that embryo selection based on polygenic scores may not be effective in selecting healthier embryos and could lead to unintended consequences such as altering population demographics. The study calls for responsible communication and regulation of the technology.
A team of researchers developed a high-throughput biochemical assay to assess small molecule impact on SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 14, identifying potential inhibitors from FDA-approved drugs. The study aims to deliver therapeutics for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, targeting its critical methyltransferase activity.
The UK's official list of COVID-19 symptoms is too narrow, say experts, and expanding it could help identify more cases sooner. This would require careful implementation, but new data suggests that testing people based on combinations of unofficial and official symptoms could be used to achieve this.
Researchers have identified stearic acid and ornithine as indicators of coronary microvascular disease (CMD), a condition that damages blood vessels and causes decreased blood flow to the heart muscle. The study suggests that estrogen may also play a role in CMD development, particularly in postmenopausal women.
Researchers slow down grape ripening to increase compounds associated with floral and fruity notes, improving wine quality. The technique involves thinning vines and more intense irrigation during the later growing season.
Regularly consuming a Southern-style diet characterized by added fats, fried foods, eggs, organ meats, processed meats, and sugar-sweetened beverages may increase the risk of sudden cardiac death. In contrast, following a Mediterranean diet high in fruits, vegetables, fish, whole grains, and legumes can decrease this risk.
A longitudinal study of healthy adults found that upward or downward changes in wealth were associated with respective lower or higher levels of cardiovascular events. Positive wealth changes were linked to a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, while negative wealth mobility was linked to an increased risk.
The study reveals that feedback to the primary visual cortex (V1) is necessary for segregating figures from the background, a crucial function of our vision. Disrupting this feedback renders objects invisible, highlighting its importance in figure-ground perception.
A recent study has summarized nearly two decades of research on the efficacy of nature-based solutions in reducing disaster risk. The review found ample evidence that ecosystems can reduce the impacts of hazard events, such as wildfires, flooding, and landslides, in a cost-effective manner.
A four-fold increase in unintentional poisonings in children under 12 and a three-fold increase in ICU admissions for severe cannabis poisoning were seen after legalization. Edible cannabis products, highly concentrated and visually attractive to young children, are the primary cause of these increases.
Researchers have introduced a novel click reaction suitable for living cells and organisms, enabling the labeling of biomolecules without affecting physiological processes. The reaction uses linear, terminal alkynes and N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines to form biocompatible enamine-N-oxides.
The deep-sea ecosystems of the Salas y Gomez and Nazca ridges are characterized by exceptional biodiversity, hosting rare and unique species of fish and invertebrates. These findings have significant implications for conservation efforts, emphasizing the need to protect these unique environments.
Shiloh Deitz's dissertation project focuses on filling the data gap for accessible pedestrian routing and tools, particularly for persons with limited mobility. The research evaluates AI methods and critical geoAI to improve data quality and enhance independent travel options.
Researchers at MIT confirmed Hawking's area theorem for the first time by analyzing GW150914 signal, showing total event horizon area did not decrease after merger. The findings provide evidence that black holes behave as thermal objects and emit radiation over long timescales, a fundamental revelation about these cosmic phenomena.
A mutation in the C9orf72 gene may disrupt communication between motor neurons and muscles in ALS patients, leading to motor disorders, muscle atrophy, and mortality. The study reveals that the loss of function induced by the mutation affects synaptic transmission and protein TDP-43's location within the cell.
Researchers found that vaccinated individuals have a lower viral load, shorter infection time and milder symptoms than unvaccinated people. The study also showed a significant reduction in the risk of having COVID-19 with an accompanying fever.
A new study by Texas A&M University researchers determines the minimum size of electrical currents needed to provide sensation in different parts of the mouth. They developed an equivalent circuit of the intraoral cavity and plan to investigate how electrical stimulation affects chewing and swallowing behaviors.
A new study reveals a cost-effective method to produce biodegradable plastics from corn stubble, grasses, and mesquite, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuel-based plastics. This breakthrough enables the creation of eco-friendly bioplastics that can replace conventional plastics in various industries.
Researchers at the University of Basel found a strong correlation between early spatial skills and mathematical abilities in primary school. The study analyzed data from nearly 600 children and ruled out socio-economic status and language ability as factors affecting math performance.
Scientists studying fossilized dinosaur eggshells from Mexico have identified nine amino acids and evidence of ancient protein structures, providing insights into the early lives of these creatures. The analysis also sheds light on the fossilization processes and the role of minerals in preserving organic compounds.
A study found that anticholinergic medications may increase the risk of cognitive decline and falls in under-18s. In the German population, up to 6% of this age group are at risk due to these medications.
In a behavioral study on common marmosets, researchers found that the infantile development of vocalizations includes an extended flexible phase, without which language development in humans would not be possible. This phase is critical for human language development, influenced by social interactions with parents.
A Rutgers-led team developed a microchip that can measure cortisol and other stress hormones in real-time from a single drop of blood, providing patients with timely feedback for better treatment. The miniaturized device has the potential to be used for non-invasive cortisol measurement in other fluids.
Thermal waves have been observed in germanium at room temperature, a significant improvement in electronic devices performance. The discovery opens new possibilities for controlling heat through wave-like thermal transport.
A study found that cats are more susceptible to COVID-19 than dogs, with 67% of owned cats testing positive for antibodies. Cats that sleep on their owner's bed are particularly at risk, and prolonged contact with owners may increase the chance of infection.