The article commemorates the 40th anniversary of the AIDS epidemic with a paper in the New England Journal of Medicine. The piece explores the experiences of American physicians who were central to the epidemic, describing their work as
Researchers found that HIV prevents oligodendrocytes from maturing, reducing myelin production. The virus secretes glutamate, which activates the integrated stress response, further disrupting cell development.
Researchers at USTC develop a multiplexed quantum repeater using absorptive quantum memories, achieving high-fidelity entanglement swapping and accelerating entanglement distribution. This breakthrough provides a feasible roadmap for practical quantum repeaters and high-speed quantum networks.
Researchers at Sinai Health have developed a new tool to better understand the organization of living human cells. By creating a detailed map of protein localization across all compartments in human cells, the team has gained valuable insights into cellular function and disease mechanisms.
A 10-week training program showed that both sighted and blind participants improved on echolocation tasks, with some even performing better than expert echolocators. The study's findings suggest that click-based echolocation can be a valuable tool for people with vision loss or progressive degenerative eye conditions.
Researchers found that spiders detect the chemicals released by European fire ants and choose to build their webs elsewhere. This instinctual behavior allows spiders to survive in areas with high ant activity, potentially leading to the development of more effective spider repellents.
Researchers achieved scalable, telecom-heralded matter-matter entanglement between two remote, multimode and solid-state quantum memories, stored in different labs separated by 10 meters. This landmark experiment paves the way for long-distance quantum communication and operation of quantum repeaters.
Researchers investigated the effect of real-time continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic control among patients with insulin-treated diabetes. The study found that this technology improved blood sugar control, allowing for more effective management of the condition.
A new campaign seeks the wisdom of the crowd to drive innovative solutions for sustainable food systems. Data will be integral to understanding current and future food systems, but asking the right questions first is key.
Researchers discovered two types of nerve cells in the vagus nerve control center that adapt feeding behavior and blood sugar levels differently. The first type detects stomach stretch, while the second type senses chemical signals from food, influencing appetite and glucose metabolism.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a new audio technique that allows people to track bats in flight and localise sources of ultrasonic sound, enabling super-hearing. The device records ultrasound using microphones on a small sphere, pitch-shifts the signal, and plays it back through headphones.
A recent KAIST study revealed that the ventral striatum is a neural basis for our habitual seeking behavior, including addiction. The research found that long-term value memories are retained in the ventral striatum and guide automatic evaluations of objects based on positive values.
Researchers discovered that horses crossed the Beringian Land Bridge multiple times, influencing genetic diversity and settling both continents before becoming extinct in North America
A new study by Concordia researchers found that children who share a bed with their pets have indistinguishable sleep quality compared to those who sleep alone. The study, which analyzed data from over 200 children, discovered that frequent pet-sharing was associated with higher perceived sleep quality, particularly among adolescents.
A team of researchers discovered the method ducks use to suspend water in their feathers while diving, allowing them to shake it out when surfacing. They found that by using multiple layers of feathers, ducks can create air pockets that prevent irreversible wetting, enabling them to shake off excess water.
A team of researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology has developed a novel nanoparticle design that enhances the contrast of living tissues for X-ray fluorescence imaging. This breakthrough enables early stage tumor detection with lower doses of radiation.
Researchers analyzed 430 lung squamous tumors and identified mutations in genes such as TP53, CDKN2A, and FGFR1. The study found that 13.5% of patients with druggable mutations had lower median overall survival.
Radically altering animal agriculture practices could prevent future pandemics, experts argue. Incentivizing plant-based food alternatives and implementing a 'zoonotic tax' on meat production are proposed solutions to mitigate zoonotic risk.
A team of Colorado State University scientists detected Zika virus RNA in free-ranging African bats, shedding light on the ecology of flaviviruses and potential natural transmission routes. The findings suggest that bats may be incidental hosts of Zika virus infection, rather than amplifying hosts or reservoir hosts.
A five-pronged strategy addressing behavioural and socio-demographic factors is proposed to combat vaccine hesitancy. Confidence in vaccine safety is crucial, while addressing complacency among younger people and those of lower socioeconomic status is essential for increased uptake.
The Ras protein, involved in cancer development, is found to exist in a pair at the cell membrane. This pairing enhances signal transmission for cell growth, making it a potential target for cancer treatment. Bioinformatic methods and experimental data validate the structure of the interface between the two proteins.
Women are more likely to experience acute aortic dissection with older age and different presenting symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The study highlights the need for sex-directed strategies to improve outcomes in female patients.
A global review found that Opioid Agonist Therapy (OAT) is associated with lower risk of multiple causes of death among people with opioid dependence. OAT was linked to reduced overdose-related, suicide, alcohol-related, cancer, and cardiovascular-related mortality.
A new theoretical framework suggests that dark matter's properties can be explained by the existence of an extra dimension in space-time. The force between dark matter particles is described by a continuum, which could address puzzles seen in small galaxies.
Researchers analyzed sediment cores from Bering Sea to find evidence of recurring low-oxygen events in North Pacific Ocean. High sea levels and changes in ocean circulation are thought to trigger these events, which could have severe consequences for ecosystems and food sources.
New research suggests that record-breaking temperatures will occur more frequently in the tropics due to large and growing populations. The study found that normalized temperature data reveals greater warming and more extreme heat events in tropical regions.
The HealthyMoms app has been shown to improve a pregnant woman's diet and physical activity, leading to healthier weight gain. Women with overweight or obesity who used the app gained an average of 1.7 kg less weight than those in the control group.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new Quad-interface MTJ technology, featuring low RA, stable reference layer, and high-speed write operation. The Quad-MTJ has better retention characteristics, high endurance, and low power consumption, making it suitable for ultra-low-power IoT edge-devices.
Researchers have developed a fine-scale malaria risk map to help public health experts target interventions in Haiti. The map uses data from satellite images, health facilities, and hand-written medical logs to identify areas at high risk of infection.
A new Cornell University study reveals that social media content creators face significant precarity in their pursuit of visibility and metrics success. The research highlights the challenges posed by algorithmic systems and platform instability, which can quickly render an influencer's career uncertain.
The Shadow Figment technology uses AI-powered deception to keep attackers engaged in a pretend world, rewarding them with false signals of success while defenders learn about the attackers' methods. This creates a distraction that allows defenders to take action and protect real systems.
Researchers develop a laser-driven method to synthesize nanoparticles, enabling efficient conversion of solar energy into electricity. The technology also promotes the production of green hydrogen by employing photoelectrodes that use sunlight directly.
Researchers surveyed 1,554 people to understand how message framing affects perceptions of zoonotic diseases. They found that liberals were more likely to accept evidence for the wildlife origin of COVID-19, while conservatives had mixed results with different frames.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus exploits metal ion concentration changes to evade immune surveillance. Metal ions form a bridge between viral messenger RNA and a protein complex, stabilizing it for modification.
The La Jolla Institute for Immunology has launched the Cancer Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (CEDAR), a new global cancer immunology resource, thanks to $4.2 million in National Cancer Institute funding. Researchers can now easily search and contribute data on potential immune system targets on various types of cancer cells.
Researchers found significant improvement in motor symptoms and reduction in medications 15 years after deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease patients. The study also showed a reduction in dyskinesia and 'off state' episodes, improving quality of life.
Research published in Nature found that oxygen levels in temperate freshwater lakes declined 5.5% at the surface and 18.6% in deep waters since 1980. Climate change is driving this decline, which threatens aquatic biodiversity and drinking water quality.
A new national study conducted over six months shows conservatives are less able to distinguish political truths from falsehoods than liberals. This is mainly because of a glut of right-leaning misinformation in the American media and information environment.
A new study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that using traditional methods like BMI can misclassify obesity as a non-risk factor for lung cancer. The researchers measured visceral fat index through CT scans and found a clear correlation between central obesity and poor lung cancer outcomes.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev conducted studies examining how people respond to various emotional facial expressions on drones. They found that five different emotions (joy, sadness, fear, anger, surprise) can be recognized with high accuracy in static stimuli.
A phase 3 clinical trial shows that immunotherapy nivolumab after surgery can nearly double the time before relapse for patients with high-risk urothelial cancer. The treatment significantly reduces metastatic recurrence risk, offering hope for thousands of patients worldwide.
A recent study by Oregon Health & Science University found that people of color are more than twice as likely to die after a traumatic brain injury compared to white patients. The researchers analyzed over a decade of data and attributed the disparity to underlying social determinants such as diet, lifestyle, and access to healthcare.
Scientists discovered that the genome is organized like a library system, with liquid parts accessible and solid-like islands storing unused information. This organization relies on physics of different states of matter, providing new insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments.
Researchers developed catalysts for selective ethanol conversion, improving upon existing precious metal-based options. The new catalysts exhibit high alcohol conversion and selectivity to acetaldehyde, making them a promising alternative for industrial applications.
A global lockdown reduced cirrus cloud formation by 9% and density by 2%, with a positive impact on the climate. This study demonstrates that aircraft contrails contribute to additional cirrus clouds and global warming.
A new study found that autistic individuals have difficulty recognizing angry facial expressions produced at a normal 'real-world' speed, while those with alexithymia perceive all expressions as more intensely emotional. The researchers suggest that recognizing anger is a specific challenge for autism.
Eating at least two serves of fruit daily has been found to lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 36%. The study suggests that whole fruits, not juice, contribute to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood glucose levels. Higher consumption of fruits rich in phytochemicals and fibre may also play a role.
Researchers propose techniques to decode fungal electrical activity, enabling efficient information transmission and complex processing. Fungal networks can monitor large data flows, providing insights into ecosystem dynamics and promoting sustainable development.
Researchers developed a nanofiber-integrated cell encapsulation device that protects insulin-secreting cells from the immune system, allowing them to secrete insulin and control blood sugar levels. The implant was successful in mice with diabetes for up to 200 days without suppressing the immune system.
A new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that consuming two servings of whole fruits per day significantly lowers the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research, which analyzed data from over 7,700 participants, suggests that a healthy diet and lifestyle, including frui...
Researchers found that online commenters used metaphors to describe prenups as 'insurance' or 'safety features', reframe negative perceptions. Most commenters viewed prenups positively, arguing they prepare for the worst while maintaining a long-term commitment.
The study reveals that cheetahs use two types of flight during galloping, which enables them to accelerate to high speeds. The team's simple model and measurements with real-world data confirm the findings, suggesting a key factor in cheetahs' exceptional speed.
A new systematic framework allows researchers to identify feasibility concerns in climate mitigation scenarios, highlighting the need for improved assessments of socio-cultural factors and demand-side mitigation. The framework is particularly useful for exploring trade-offs over time and analyzing enabling conditions for achieving ambi...
Researchers analyzed detrital-zircon data from sandstones in the Ouachita orogen, revealing a mix of sediment dispersal pathways from multiple provenances. In Scotland, the Moine thrust zone hosted highly alkaline syenite intrusions with high-temperature contact metamorphic aureoles.
A new study published in the American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine finds critical links between job loss and physical inactivity among young adults during the U.S. Great Recession. The study, led by Dickinson College economist Shamma Alam, found that job losses reduced the likelihood of physical exercise by 6.3 percentage points.
A University of Alberta study found that zebrafish exposed to cannabis compounds in early development exhibit reduced neural activity later in life. The study suggests that similar effects may occur in humans, particularly during pregnancy. Neural activity decreased by 60-70% in groups exposed to THC and CBD.
A West Virginia University study shows that faith communities have the potential to promote physical wellbeing along with emotional or spiritual health. A 12-week program led by faith-community nurses encouraged better time management, provided participants with more energy, and improved comfort with exercise on a regular basis.
A study from the University of Illinois found that male piglets are more susceptible to neurodevelopmental and neurological anomalies when their mothers are infected with PRRSV during pregnancy. The researchers also discovered changes in gene expression associated with autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorder, and neur...
The European Virtual Institute will study the neural basis of emotion using a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network, focusing on the role of the cerebellum in controlling emotions. The network aims to develop new therapeutic strategies for emotional disorders by combining fundamental and clinical research.
Astronomers have discovered a massive open cluster of intermediate age in the Scutum constellation, containing at least 15,000 stars. The Valparaíso 1 cluster was detected using Gaia satellite data and is notable for its unexpected discovery in a well-explored part of the sky.
Researchers developed an electronic nose that can identify COVID-19-infected individuals with high accuracy. The system may enable large-scale screening and detection of SARS CoV-2 infection in public places.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a vaccine that guides bacteria's evolution to make them a weaker pathogen, rather than trying to kill them. The combination vaccine was shown to be more effective in preventing Salmonella infections than existing vaccines.
A new project, 'The Reading Time Machine,' aims to digitize predigital scientific literature in astronomy, extracting text and figures to enhance searchable capabilities. Researchers will use optical character recognition and object detection methods to parse tables, figure captions, and science-relevant information.
Researchers found that people with low blood sugar events had a 75% greater risk of developing dementia, while those with high blood sugar events had more than twice the risk. People experiencing both types of events faced the greatest risk, with an incidence rate of 98.5 cases for every 1,000 person-years
Scientists at Max Planck Institute show that electron system of ZrTe5 remains three-dimensional even in strong magnetic fields, linking quasi-quantization to quantum-Hall physics. This finding promises a unified explanation for puzzling plateaus in Hall measurements in many three-dimensional materials.
Researchers found that salp fecal pellets release more bioavailable iron than krill pellets, allowing phytoplankton to take up five times more iron. This could lead to increased CO2 fixation and a shift in the Southern Ocean's food web as climate change affects krill dominance.
Researchers have discovered that natural killer cells and interferon gamma play a crucial role in preventing cancer metastases. Targeted therapies, such as immunotherapy and interferon gamma therapy, show promise in maintaining dormant cancer cells in a state of hibernation.
Aalto University researchers discovered that wood-based pulp fibers are well-suited for making acoustic materials. These natural fibers have positive environmental impacts compared to traditional acoustic materials, absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and producing more energy-efficient products.
Purdue University chemists are developing new adhesives inspired by shellfish to replace toxic and permanent options. The goal is to create stronger, more sustainable adhesives for various applications, including medical and household uses.
A study published in the Strategic Management Journal finds that firms in response to increased import penetration tend to rely more on familiar knowledge in developing innovations, rather than exploring new sources of knowledge. This shift is temporarily reversed over time, positively associated with an increased likelihood of survival.
Researchers create synthetic fly species with a genetic barrier to limit gene drive spread, offering a safe and reversible method of controlling populations. The technology has potential applications in disease elimination, crop protection, and pest management.
Scientists have found that exceptionally well-preserved fossils in the Burgess Shale, Canada, could have been moved by mudflows without damage, throwing doubt on the idea that they all lived together. This discovery suggests that early marine animal communities may be more complex and diverse than previously thought.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a machine learning platform that can identify natural product drugs for treating various ailments. The platform, called NRPminer, uses genomic and metabolomics data to detect promising natural products, including four novel compounds with potential antimalarial properties.
Researchers at Imperial College London have developed nanocapsules that target specific blood clots, potentially reducing the risk of life-threatening bleeding and increasing the effectiveness of a clot-dissolving drug. The new nanocapsules are designed to attach to activated platelets and release tPA, which dissolves clots.
A team of researchers developed a laboratory system to dissect the pre-cancerous steps that remained undetected until present. They found that mutant cells create a hostile environment for neighboring non-mutant cells and deregulate the normal stem cell niche in mouse intestinal tissue.
A new study found that clinical trials often neglect to report sociodemographic characteristics like income, literacy, and education level, limiting their applicability. The study analyzed 10% of randomized clinical trials published between 2014 and 2020, revealing that only 14.3% reported education level or literacy.
Researchers found that DNA methylation increases stiffness of DNA, affecting its 3D structure and gene activation. This discovery reveals a cryptic mechanism connecting epigenetic footprinting and gene programming.
A recent study by Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University researchers found that floods in most UK areas no longer follow historical patterns due to climate change and human intervention. This challenges traditional flood frequency analysis methods, which may lead to underestimation of flood peaks and catastrophic consequences.
A new study found that over half of transgender adolescents engage in substance use as a coping strategy for GM-related stressors. Internalized transphobia and family functioning were key factors in predicting substance use.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 infects immature red blood cells, leading to reduced oxygen levels and impaired immune response. The study also shows why dexamethasone has been an effective treatment for COVID-19 patients.
Researchers found five strawberry cultivars suitable for growing in hot, dry regions like Texas. These varieties have desirable berry characteristics, including sweetness and flavor intensity. The top performers were Albion, Sweet Charlie, Camarosa, Camino Real, and Chandler.
A Singapore study explores how female students fare in STEM careers, revealing only half of graduates stay in the field. The research aims to stem the 'leaky pipeline' by investigating early exposure to female role models and group work dynamics.
Dr. Jirayut 'New' Latthivongskorn and Dr. Denisse Rojas Marquez are joint recipients of the 2021 Vilcek-Gold Award for Humanism in Healthcare, honoring their leadership in establishing Pre-Health Dreamers and advocating for undocumented immigrants. The award recognizes their commitment to humanistic care and its impact on public health.
The American Heart Association recommends increasing physical activity as the first treatment choice for mild to moderately elevated blood pressure and cholesterol. Regular exercise can lower blood pressure and cholesterol, with benefits extending to other health areas.
Researchers from Osaka University have successfully developed an organic reaction that selectively converts a specific carbon-fluorine bond in perfluorinated compounds to other functional groups. This breakthrough enables the synthesis of high-value fluorine-containing drugs, addressing a significant challenge in pharmaceutical applica...
The study found that continuous glucose monitors reduced emergency department visits and hospitalizations for hypoglycemia, improving blood sugar control in selected insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients. The monitors also showed comparable results to a new diabetes medication in terms of blood sugar control.
Leading scholars propose new frameworks for environmental governance, citing structural problems in current laws and international law-making processes. They advocate for a new environmental charter, reviving the United Nations Trusteeship Council, and strengthening the UN Environment Programme to address pressing global challenges.
Researchers identified a protein that interferes with the immune system's response to cancer, allowing tumours to evade killer T-cells. Lower levels of this protein in tumours have been linked to improved survival rates in patients with specific types of cancer, such as liver, head and neck, and stomach cancers.
A new study led by Washington State University researchers has identified protein kinase A (PKA) as a potential target for improving treatment outcomes after a heart attack. The research suggests that PKA plays a role in heart muscle cell necrosis, a major type of cell death that commonly occurs after reperfusion therapy.
Research identifies novel E6 inhibitors with potential for targeted therapy in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. The study reveals the key role of E6 in tumor formation and growth, highlighting its importance as a strategic approach for HPV-positive HNSCC treatment.
Researchers found broadly neutralizing antibodies that target two conserved regions of the H1N1 influenza virus, which also neutralize various other strains. These findings suggest that vaccines targeting these regions could protect against a broader array of flu strains.
A new study by University of Rochester psychologists found that partners play a pivotal role in pregnant women's alcohol use and babies' development. Women who felt supported by their partners reported lower rates of depressive symptoms and were less likely to drink during pregnancy.
A team of researchers has identified key characteristics related to popcorn expansion, enabling more efficient selection and breeding of high-quality popcorn. The study found that kernel outer layer thickness is a critical trait for increased popping expansion.
A nationwide clinical trial found no benefit from antibiotics in preventing hospitalization or death for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The study collected biological samples that will advance the understanding and treatment of the disease.
A new study published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that patients taking methotrexate for immune system disorders have a weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines. This means they may not be as protected against the virus, but further research is needed to understand the issue.
A new study published in Trends in Cognitive Science argues that recent research does not challenge free will. The article highlights computational modeling and data analysis challenges to the idea that electrical activity in the brain indicates a lack of free will.
A recent study by the American Chemical Society tested five at-home rapid tests, finding they were relatively easy to use with accurate results compared to lab testing. The cost and access to these tests are concerns, but community programs can help offset costs and build trust in testing.
SMU-X, a university-wide pedagogical experiential learning programme, is being rigorously evaluated to assess its impact on graduates. The study will investigate whether SMU-X effectively cultivates a learning mindset, sharpens workforce skills, and facilitates career-related advancements for SMU graduates.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have built the world's smallest acoustic amplifier, exceeding previous versions by over 10 times. The device uses sound waves to process radio signals, paving the way for smaller and more sophisticated wireless technology.
A team of researchers has identified over 1,100 unique large methane point sources across the Permian Basin using airborne imaging spectrometry. The study found that most sources were highly intermittent, but those that were persistent accounted for a significant portion of total emissions.
Research found that Varroa mite dsRNA is not toxic to monarch butterfly larvae, contrary to expectation based on shared target gene. The study uses dsRNA to control varroa mites in honeybee colonies and found it safe for monarchs.
A study of over 1,500 UK dental professionals found 16.3% had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, highlighting the occupational risk of infection. The study also showed ethnicity was a significant risk factor and that COVID-19 vaccination provided rapid and high antibody responses.
Scientific papers suggesting nicotine has a protective effect against COVID-19 were funded by the tobacco industry. Studies have since found that smoking increases the risk of COVID-19-related death. The BMJ investigation reveals undisclosed financial links between authors and the tobacco industry.
Researchers discovered differences in molecular signaling that promote regeneration in axolotls, while blocking it in adult mice. This finding brings science closer to developing regenerative medicine therapies for humans.
A study conducted in Brazil evaluated the filtration efficacy of 227 commercially available face masks. Professional-use models were found to be most effective at retaining aerosol particles, with fabric masks ranging from 15% to 70% efficiency.
A healthy diet before and during pregnancy may reduce risks of gestational diabetes, high blood pressure disorders, and preterm birth. Women who followed healthier eating patterns had lower risks for these pregnancy complications.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed a new formula that applies to a broad range of legged, wheeled, and tracked systems, showing they are as efficient as other ground mobile platforms. The findings have implications for designing future terrestrial robots for defense applications, particularly in challenging terrain.
A team of researchers has developed a method to detect deep fakes in geography, including satellite images and maps. The technique uses Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGAN) to identify fake images, distinguishing them from real ones with 80% accuracy.
Laser physicists have built the first compact two-stage plasma-based accelerator, accelerating particles to near-light speed within a few millimeters. The hybrid plasma accelerator has shown more than three orders of magnitude higher acceleration fields than conventional accelerators.
The number of specialty behavioral health establishments increased by 34% from 2011 to 2019, with significant growth in outpatient settings. The study found increases in the workforce and average wages across all settings, indicating a potential response to rising overdose deaths.
The Monetary Authority of Singapore launches a $2 billion green investments program to promote environmentally sustainable projects. The Singapore Green Finance Centre, launched by SMU Lee Kong Chian School of Business and Imperial College Business School, aims to build a new ecosystem for sustainable investing in Asia. Researchers wil...
Researchers measured the bite force of juvenile Tyrannosaurus rex fossils, finding they could exert up to 5,641 newtons, between that of adult T. rexes and smaller dinosaurs. This discovery provides insight into how young T. rexes fed and interacted with their environment.
A new study published in Nature reveals that a commonly used psychiatric drug can boost the fitness of healthy gut stem cells, making them more resistant to cancer. A clinical trial is now underway to investigate whether lithium can prevent bowel cancer in individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
Scientists have created a molecular switching circuit made of DNA that can change the shape of soft matter based on pH levels. The DNA switches react differently with their surroundings, allowing for potential applications in soft robotics and logical function networks.
Researchers aim to develop a personalized approach to adaptive radiation therapy (ART) using computerized tomography (CT) technology. The goal is to balance the needs of patients, clinicians, and insurers by adapting treatment strategies in real-time.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have identified a specific gene-regulating protein complex to target in the treatment of synovial sarcoma. The study provides new understanding of how the disease develops and spreads, offering potential breakthroughs in diagnosis and therapy.
Researchers at the University of Münster discovered that platelet-white blood cell interactions resolve lung inflammation by secreting anti-inflammatory substances and eliminating excess neutrophil granulocytes. This finding has implications for developing new therapy concepts to combat acute respiratory failure.
The THOR COST Action has enabled a large collection of papers on hot matter and relativistic heavy-ion collisions, thanks to extensive collaborations between researchers. Through the project, over 300 physicists have improved their methods by exchanging ideas and results.
A global analysis of crime rates found that stay-at-home policies led to a significant drop in police-recorded crime. Most types of crime fell, except for homicide, which saw a modest decline. The largest reductions were seen in cities with strict lockdowns and gang-related violence.
Researchers used OSL dating to directly date stone artefacts from an archaeological site in southern Tibet, revealing an age between 5,200 and 5,500 years. The analysis provides new insights into human occupation of the region and sheds light on the earliest human activities in the Tibetan Plateau.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many ECT centers reduced services, but most were able to react and return to care by mid-summer. The survey found that 70% of sites had patients return to inpatient psychiatric care due to unscheduled ECT cancellations.
Researchers are using new analysis models to better understand mortality factors in dialysis patients. The study aims to identify the effects of co-morbidities such as depression and cardiovascular diseases on patient outcomes.
A study of over 1,000 Americans found that conservatives were more likely to believe false claims about politics that benefited the right, while liberals were more likely to believe true claims that favored the left. This suggests that the political environment and widely shared news plays a role in shaping conservative misperceptions.
A new study reveals that smoking during puberty can have negative consequences for future generations, including lower lung function and increased risk of obesity. Researchers analyzed data from the RHINESSA and RHINE studies, finding a link between pre-pubertal tobacco smoke exposure and health outcomes in offspring.
Centivax has entered into a strategic partnership with the US Naval Medical Research Center to develop Centi-B9, a broad-spectrum injectable antibody therapeutic and prophylactic for COVID-19. The Phase I trial aims to demonstrate safety and pharmacokinetics of Centi-B9 in healthy volunteers.
Twice a day, a faint layer of metals sinks down through the atmosphere at 90 miles high above Boulder, Colorado. The discovery provides a window into the high-altitude region where interactions between the sun, earth, and magnetic field can create conditions for surface life to thrive.
Researchers at the University of Bern found that most plastic waste does not end up in open ocean, but instead remains near coastlines or on beaches. The study suggests that regions with large sources of plastic waste, such as Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean, are disproportionately affected.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh have developed a new particle-free silver microgrid conductor that surpasses traditional indium tin oxide (ITO) in flexible high-performance transparent electrodes. The microgrids demonstrate better transparency, lower roughness, and mechanical durability.
Researchers discovered that primary miRNA precursor forms are highly expressed in cell-type-specific manner, while mature miRNAs dominate common to all cell types. The study also uncovered microRNA-messenger RNA networks driving cell-type-specific responses.
Researchers discovered hexagonal boron nitride's fracture resistance is about 10 times higher than graphene's, due to slight asymmetries in its atomic structure. This finding opens up new possibilities for fabricating tough mechanical metamaterials through engineered structural asymmetry.
Researchers at NYU Tandon have developed a method to speed up the doping process of perovskite solar cells using carbon dioxide, increasing efficiency by 100 times. This process also captures CO2, making it a potential solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in commercial solar cell production.
Scientists at the University of Houston have demonstrated giant flexoelectricity in soft elastomers, paving the way for improved robot movement range and self-powered pacemakers. The breakthrough could also enable human-like robots to perform physical tasks with greater flexibility.
The OSA Foundation and Corning Incorporated have awarded three women graduate students with $5,000 scholarships to support their research in optical communications and networking. The recipients will present their work at the Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibition.
The US Army has partnered with teams led by the University of Maryland to accelerate AI development and deployment for safe and effective capabilities. The collaboration aims to reduce human workload and risk in complex environments, such as search-and-rescue operations.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a new class of hydrogels that can be controlled by light, enabling precise drug delivery and regenerative medicine treatments. The hydrogels are responsive to near-infrared (NIR) light, which has a higher penetration depth than other light sources, allowing for more effective therapy.
A team of researchers has successfully controlled the magnetic state of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets using light, enabling efficient data storage and fast data processing. By inducing 'magnetic anisotropy' with ultrashort pulses of light, the scientists can manipulate the material's magnetic properties on demand.
A new study published in PLOS ONE demonstrates the potential of machine learning to identify high-risk patients with pancreatic cancer up to 2 years before diagnosis. The algorithm achieved high sensitivity and specificity rates, identifying 41% of patients under 60 as high risk and 72% of those diagnosed as having a detectable risk. T...
A study by SMU Associate Professor Rencheng Wang found that short selling reduces opportunistic insider sales by 11% in pilot firms, deterring unethical behavior. This suggests that short sellers can play a positive role in capital market development and governance reforms across different institutional environments.
Researchers at UNIGE create 3D spheroidal tumor models incorporating tumor cells and patient-specific immune cells to test treatment efficacy. This innovative approach enables personalized treatment options, potentially reducing reliance on animal experiments.
A study of university students found that despite optimistic initial expectations, women tended to decrease their expected wages after being informed about the actual wages of similar graduates. In contrast, male students increased their expected wages under the same conditions. The study suggests a persistent gender gap in wage expect...
Researchers discovered a surprising paradox: as emotional expressions increase in intensity, they become more ambiguous to infer meaning from, with maximal intensity leading to decreased legibility. This challenges prevailing theories of emotion and opens new avenues for understanding affective experience and communication.
A study by SMU researchers found that corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities have a positive impact on future operating performance, but only in tangible asset-intensive industries such as manufacturing and utilities. For companies in intangible asset-intensive sectors like technology, there is no significant beneficial effect.
A computer modeling study found that declining fish biodiversity can lead to a decrease in essential nutrients like zinc and iron, exacerbating existing health issues like anemia. The study's findings have significant implications for food security and fisheries sustainability worldwide.
Scientists have developed a new approach to improve hydrogen transport in solids, enabling faster movement of negatively charged hydrogen 'anions' at lower temperatures. The breakthrough could lead to more sustainable sources of energy and practical applications in electrochemical devices.