A team of physicists has discovered that a thin layer of Niobium diselenide exhibits two-fold rotational symmetry, a phenomenon not seen before in real materials. This finding could lead to the development of unconventional superconducting states for use in quantum computing.
Researchers found that 14-3-3sigma acts as a tumor suppressor in the gastrointestinal tract, inhibiting cell division and DNA damage repair. Its expression is downregulated in metastatic tumors and low levels correlate with worse prognosis.
A study in Uganda reveals that school-aged children with asymptomatic malaria are a significant source of mosquito infections, driving the spread of the disease. Targeting these children for control interventions could help sustain malaria gains and prevent resurgences.
Research found reduced microbial stability and increased soil organic carbon loss in degraded alpine permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This degradation can lead to a positive carbon-climate feedback, exacerbating global warming.
A new study by UC San Francisco finds that individuals with HIV are more than twice as likely to die from sudden cardiac death due to fibrosis in the heart. The study also reveals that one-third of sudden deaths initially attributed to cardiac causes were actually caused by drug overdoses.
Research published in BMJ Open suggests community pharmacy can support COVID-19 vaccination campaigns by addressing vaccine hesitancy and concerns. Community pharmacists can work with diverse ethnic backgrounds to enhance vaccine uptake rates.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine developed an improved oligonucleotide therapy strategy that can correct gene defects underlying cystic fibrosis. The approach has shown promising results in both human cells and mice, with potential applications for treating other pulmonary diseases.
A new study from Aalto University recommends that government subsidies for clean-energy heating be allocated to areas where homeowners can least afford the upfront cost, namely those with lower housing prices. This approach aims to promote energy-efficient heat pumps and reduce carbon emissions in Finland's residential buildings.
Mesobot, a versatile underwater robot, provides unprecedented insight into the mid-ocean twilight zone. The robot tracks and records high-resolution images of zooplankton, gelatinous animals, and particles, greatly expanding scientists' ability to observe creatures in their mesopelagic habitat with minimal disturbance.
A study of 3,758 individuals found that those with diabetes, obesity, rheumatologic disease, or organ transplants had longer positive PCR test results. The median length of time for negative results was 16-22 days in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised groups respectively.
A new study suggests that alternate-day intermittent fasting may offer no unique health benefits over a standard daily diet. In contrast, traditional daily energy restriction resulted in greater weight and fat loss. The researchers note that longer studies with larger groups are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers report on seven patients hospitalized for acute myocarditis-like illness following COVID-19 vaccination. All symptoms resolved before hospital discharge after treatment with beta-blocker and anti-inflammatory medications.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified a novel target for a drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 and potential future coronaviruses. The new therapy could be taken early in the disease to prevent severe symptoms.
A new study predicts a decline in lightning-caused ignitions but an increase in the size of wildfires by mid-century. Human-caused fire ignitions are expected to remain steady, while climate change is expected to worsen social inequalities and lead to more extreme wildfire events.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered how cells can remember and respond to environmental pressure by adjusting their protein structures. The team found that an optimal concentration of cross-linkers allows proteins to strengthen under stress, enabling the material to 'remember' past experiences.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have developed a new type of joint inspired by spiders' hydraulic actuation mechanisms. The joints use electrohydraulic forces to enable robots to move rapidly and interact with various environments, making them ideal for small-scale robotic systems.
Astronomers have explained Betelgeuse's sudden dimming by a cloud of dust formed from stardust, which temporarily blocked the star's light. The discovery was made using new images taken with the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope.
Researchers found that human life expectancy increase is not due to slowing aging but rather improved survival rates among children and young adults, supporting the 'invariant rate of ageing' hypothesis which suggests a relatively fixed rate of ageing across species.
A decade of ancient genome analysis has shown that early humans were resilient and capable, exploring new environments with no prior knowledge. This discovery challenges previous theories on human behavior and highlights the importance of genomic evidence in understanding our history.
Researchers at Dartmouth College discovered that the brain uses a 'steadycam' strategy to stabilize visual experience, perceiving frames as stationary even when they're clearly moving. This 'paradoxical stabilization' effect creates the illusion of stable images, similar to how our brains discount motion in everyday life.
A new study found that between 51-60% of the world's rivers stop flowing periodically, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift in river science and management. Non-perennial rivers provide critical water sources and support biological diversity, but are often overlooked and mismanaged.
Researchers at Southern Methodist University have found that P-glycoprotein can transport amyloid-β proteins out of the brain, which are associated with Alzheimer's disease. This discovery could lead to new treatments for the disease affecting nearly 6 million Americans.
International collaboration identifies four correlated metals in two-orbital systems, including a Hund's metal that can give rise to superconductivity. The discovery overturns conventional wisdom and opens up new avenues for understanding strongly correlated materials.
A recent study by the National Food Institute found that clotrimazole, an over-the-counter fungicide, can significantly alter sex hormones in pregnant rats and their developing fetuses. This exposure was observed at concentrations comparable to those experienced by human mothers taking clotrimazole to treat vaginal thrush. The research...
Experts from Kazan Federal University and partners have tested novel gel particles to improve oil recovery in high-temperature and mineralized reservoirs. The new technique showed a significant increase in recovery, up to 100 thousand tons, and proved the efficiency of reagents under harsh conditions.
The EU is funding a 15 million euro project to develop an integrated 'pan-Arctic Observing System of Systems' (pan-AOSS) via international collaboration. The project aims to improve the situation by expanding and coordinating Arctic Earth observation capacity, including measurements from Indigenous communities.
A team of researchers has proposed a new explanation for the origin of supermassive black holes, suggesting that they are formed through the collapse of a massive seed black hole produced by the gravitational instability of a dark matter halo. This process, known as gravothermal collapse, can lead to the creation of a seed black hole w...
Researchers analyzed 25 years of Antarctic data, finding that ozone levels near the ground have risen by up to 0.14 ppb per year, primarily driven by natural and human sources. This increase can have negative impacts on the region in the future due to ozone's ability to trap heat near Earth's surface.
Researchers developed semiconducting passivation layers to inhibit dendrite formation, enhancing battery stability and safety. The new technology improved battery capacity by up to 81% compared to conventional Li electrodes.
A Horizon 2020 project aims to develop an efficient biotechnological production platform that creates synergy between strain engineering strategies and microbiomes. The project will create novel treatment options in biomedicine beyond biotechnology, leveraging the resilience of microbial communities and their metabolic plasticity.
A new computational framework simulates the dissemination of Type 2 diabetes guidelines, highlighting the impact of sociocultural context and complex social interactions. The Culturally Infused Agent Based Model (CI-ABM) improves analysis and prediction of guideline-dissemination behaviors.
Researchers analyzed visual complexity of written language in 47,000+ characters from 133 scripts, finding large scripts have more complex characters and complexity driven by linguistic units, not evolutionary change.
A study found that sex trafficking survivors' trauma affects their parenting, causing them to be overly protective and emotionally withdrawn. Despite this, they cope by finding meaning in motherhood and social support, and often experience strong connections with their children. The research highlights the need for policies and program...
Summer Thyme, a University of Alabama at Birmingham assistant professor, is one of five Pew Scholars focusing on brain research. Her $75,000 grant will support her four-year investigation into neurodevelopmental disease using zebrafish.
The study found that 88% of mobile health apps can access and potentially share personal data, including advert identifiers, email addresses, and geolocation information. Clinicians are advised to inform patients about potential privacy risks before installing and using these apps.
Anthropologists at Binghamton University have received a grant from the National Geographic Society to study ancient Rapa Nui communities' water management techniques. Their research will focus on coastal seeps and inland resources, shedding light on how past populations dealt with freshwater scarcity.
Researchers have determined how peptides derived from PEDF protect neuronal cells in the retina layer, which could lead to treatments for degenerative retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. The study found that these peptides work by binding to a protein receptor and processing omega-3 fatty acids like DHA.
Researchers identified a new gene, TP73, associated with an increased risk of sporadic ALS. Mutations in this gene have been found to interfere with nerve cell health and lead to abnormal cell differentiation and increased cell death. This discovery provides a potential target for therapy development.
A new study suggests accredited zoos have acquired the rare and legally protected earless monitor lizard without export permits, raising concerns about their involvement in wildlife trade. The acquisition of these protected lizards by zoos is contrary to international regulations and national laws.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University have developed a technology that uses non-intrusive sensors to perceive drivers' and passengers' moods and adjust driving modes accordingly. This innovation addresses major issues with autonomous vehicles, such as accurately predicting human behavior.
Researchers design new stimulation protocol for optic nerve stimulation to produce consistent and meaningful visual sensations. They use machine learning approaches to optimize protocols, which have shown promising results in artificial neural networks and psychophysical tests.
A distinctive inflammatory signature has been found in C90RF72 ALS patients, characterized by an increase in pro-inflammatory molecules in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. This finding informs the development of targeted anti-inflammatory therapies for this subgroup of ALS patients.
A large international randomised clinical trial found that induced hypothermia in unconscious cardiac arrest patients did not reduce mortality. The study included 1900 adult patients and showed a slightly increased risk of impact on blood circulation and cardiac arrhythmia in the group treated with hypothermia.
The National Institutes of Health is funding a research consortium to develop methods for calculating polygenic risk scores (PRS) in people from different ancestries, particularly those with admixed ancestry. Researchers at UCLA will focus on incorporating genetic diversity into PRS to yield accurate and equitable predictions.
A team led by Dr. Shoufeng Lan is investigating the use of electromagnetic control over the synthesis of chiral compounds at an atomic level, which could lead to safer and cheaper pharmaceuticals. The researchers hope to create chiral seeds at the atomic scale and transfer chirality using cutting-edge technologies.
Scientists developed a new copper catalyst with sharp needle structures, enhancing CO2 reduction reaction efficiency by mitigating electrolyte flooding and increasing selectivity. The study published in Journal of the American Chemical Society showcases the stability and productivity of the hierarchical Cu electrode.
A new study by the University of Surrey found that drivers in developing cities inhale a significant amount of fine air pollution particles even after spending short time in pollution hotspots. The research also showed that cities with lower GDP per capita experience higher economic losses due to PM2.5 car exposure.
A study from University of California San Diego demonstrates the possibility of re-creating a bird's song by reading its brain activity, laying the foundation for building vocal prostheses for humans. The approach uses machine learning algorithms to map neural patterns to mathematical equations modeling the physical changes in the bird...
Researchers discovered a stem cell-mediated defense mechanism that reactivates dormant tuberculosis in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting potential for new vaccines and avoiding global TB pandemic. This discovery may help develop novel therapeutic approaches against COVID-19 and target antiviral activities.
Researchers used ALMA to detect a galactic wind driven by a supermassive black hole 13.1 billion years ago, pushing back the start of galaxy-growth interactions by 100 million years. The observation reveals coevolution between supermassive black holes and galaxies since less than a billion years after the Universe's birth.
A study replicated Paleolithic lighting systems using archaeological evidence, revealing diverse features among the different systems. The researchers found that wooden torches worked best for exploring caves, while grease lamps were suitable for lighting small spaces over a long period.
Researchers found that COVID-19-related crowdfunding campaigns were more successful in affluent communities, where people had more resources to donate. Despite the challenges of online crowdfunding, the study highlights existing socioeconomic divides and suggests that it can exacerbate inequality.
A recent study found that a small percentage of cells in aggressive tumors can enable metastasis by recruiting surrounding cells. This discovery could lead to new approaches in preventing malignant progression of breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative types.
A new study reveals that American Indian and Alaska Native individuals are underrepresented in clinical studies, with only 1% of participants from these groups. The authors call for further research to improve ethical inclusion in clinical research.
Researchers found a clear relationship between temperature and aggressive incidents, with hotter weather linked to higher rates of incidents. There were on average 15% more aggressive incidents on days over 30°C compared to cooler days.
The NIH is investing $38 million to develop methods for using polygenic risk scores to predict disease in diverse communities. The new consortium will pool genomic information from existing and new datasets to improve the accuracy of polygenic risk scores across different ancestries.
Researchers found deficits in neuronal function and cognitive impairment in newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients, with some impairments continuing six months after diagnosis. PET brain scans showed a significant recovery of regional neuronal function and cognition in most patients.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered that early-stage lung cancer tumors hijack immune cells called tissue-resident macrophages to facilitate their invasion of lung tissue. This process allows the tumor to evade the immune system and grow into more deadly stages of cancer.
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a computational technique that greatly increases the resolution of atomic force microscopy, revealing atomic-level details on proteins and biological structures. The new method allows researchers to study biological molecules under physiologically relevant conditions, providing high-resolu...
A new study found a significant association between Head Start teachers' depressive symptoms and their students' math achievement, with the linkage being through the quality of family-teacher relationships. This relationship was found to affect children's motivation, engagement, and persistence in learning.
Researchers from Australian National University warn that climate change may be causing more deaths among Australian marsupials, including the greater glider, due to heat-induced eating habits. The study highlights the importance of protecting food sources and restoring nutrient-rich forests to help these animals survive.
Samer Shehata, a University of Oklahoma professor, has received the International Affairs Fellowship from the Council on Foreign Relations. The fellowship will allow him to analyze U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East and observe how autocratic regimes cooperate and maintain power.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that intermittent fasting diets are not the most effective way to lose weight. Participants who followed a traditional diet with reduced calorie intake lost more weight and fat mass compared to those who fasted on alternate days.
Scientists have developed an inexpensive transparent coating that can capture airborne aerosol droplets, reducing the spread of respiratory diseases. The coating, made from common cosmetic ingredients, was tested on various surfaces and found to trap nearly all incoming aerosols.
Researchers have discovered a huge diversity of alternative splicing combinations in the human brain, allowing for adaptation to specific requirements. New glutamate receptor variants, some with potential new functions, were identified using bioinformatic methods.
Researchers at TU Freiberg create new composite material from marine bath sponges that can be used as a bi-based filter for wastewater treatment or pollutant removal, and can be reused multiple times without losing its properties.
Researchers from Michigan State University found that more than one in four people in Michigan identify as child-free, exceeding previous estimates. Child-free individuals showed limited differences in life satisfaction and personality traits compared to parents and others.
Researchers found that glyphosate-based herbicides can deform reproductive parts of prickly rose plants and reduce pollen viability by 66% a year after application. This persistence can have long-term effects on plant fertility and potentially impact pollinators, which rely on these plants for food.
Researchers found much higher abundances of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes on microplastics in urban than rural areas of the Beilun River. Polypropylene had the highest abundance of ARGs, increasing by 1,000 times from rural to urban areas.
A team of researchers developed an algorithm that can predict when narwhals hunt, opening up new insights into their life and behavior. The algorithm uses acoustic data from clicks and buzzing sounds to map the whales' movement patterns and identify hunting areas.
Researchers at UVA School of Medicine have identified 19 new genes linked to bone mineral density, providing insights into osteoporosis. The study's novel approach uses laboratory mice to overcome human study limitations.
A team of Concordia researchers categorized and evaluated over 600 COVID-19 detection tools and technologies, identifying strengths and weaknesses. They hope their study will guide researchers toward ideal devices that can be used by anyone at a low cost.
Researchers developed a graphene-based sensor to record real-time electrical activity of a beating heart, offering high sensitivity and parallel detection. The 'graphene camera' allows for imaging entire networks of cells simultaneously, enabling new studies on neural networks.
The university will provide 10 graduate students per year with structured academic support, career development activities, and individualized mentoring to cultivate highly sought-after skills in the biomedical sciences.
Researchers analyzed epigenomic signals in human and primate cell lines, revealing weak signals linked to brain functions. The findings provide insights into the evolution of human biology and offer a new model for studying regulatory elements.
A new study by the University of Exeter and Queensland has found that herring gull eggs contain up to six types of phthalate, potentially causing oxidative stress in chicks. The research suggests that mothers pass on phthalates and products of lipid damage through their eggs.
Researchers identified three previously undiagnosed COVID-19 cases in a UK hospital from throat swabs collected between January and March 2020. The study suggests that testing should have been made available to hospital patients with compatible symptoms earlier in the pandemic.
African American mothers face significant barriers to breastfeeding due to racism and lack of economic support. The authors identify three forms of institutionalized racism that perpetuate this disparity, including the exploitation of Black women's labor and lack of employer-based support.
A team of researchers from Japan and Germany created a mouse model that mimics the human pathology of restrictive cardiomyopathy, allowing for easier study. The model shows changes in protein quality control and autophagy, leading to fibrosis and heart muscle stiffening.
Researchers have developed a fast and controllable soft robot that can burrow through sand with minimal resistance. The robot's design is inspired by plants and animals that navigate subterranean spaces, enabling new applications for underwater exploration and potentially paving the way for future space missions.
Researchers found that even with a small number of gravitational wave events, small modeling errors can accumulate and lead to misleading deviations from general relativity. This highlights the importance of considering theoretical model errors when testing Einstein's theory.
Scientists assembled a high-quality genome of a European olive species, identifying genes involved in oleuropein biosynthesis. The study revealed 202 genes related to oleuropein, twice as many as previously known, and found olives genetically closest to the oleaster plant.
Researchers at CNIO have identified RagA as a molecular switch that allows cells to adapt to low nutrient levels, enabling an 'energy-saving mode' similar to what occurs in yeasts. This discovery has significant implications for understanding metabolic regulation and potential strategies to fight obesity and related diseases.
A study by University of Göttingen sports sociologist Dr. Marcel Reinold analyzes autobiographies of professional cyclists, revealing they use complex techniques to manipulate information and conceal doping. The results show athletes play down the extent of the doping problem and portray themselves as victims to avoid suspicion.
Cleveland Clinic researchers found that a specific gut microbe enzyme, CutC, contributes to increased stroke severity. Targeting this enzyme may prevent stroke and improve post-stroke outcomes through dietary interventions and transplantation of beneficial gut microbes.
Researchers have discovered folate metabolism as a common mechanism underlying aging and lifespan extension across different species. The study found that altering folate metabolism increases lifespan in worms and mice by up to 30 percent, suggesting a potential new approach to improving human health during aging.
A new study led by Fernando Colchero reveals a strong link between human life expectancy and lifespan equality. Researchers analyzed data from nine human populations and 30 non-human primate populations, including gorillas, chimpanzees, and baboons, to explore the invariant rate of ageing hypothesis.
Researchers at Clemson University developed a bifunctional protein that links natural killer cells to breast cancer tumor cells, triggering the killing of cancer cells. The approach has potential as a new treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer, which is often lethal due to its high heterogeneity and lack of efficient treatm...
A new fossil analysis published in Biology Letters reveals that woodlice cousins, Oxyuropoda, existed on Irish land 360 million years ago. The study uses modern imaging technology to recreate the image of this ancient creature, providing insight into the evolution of crustaceans and their colonization of land.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing argues that nurse practitioners should receive 100% reimbursement for services comparable to physicians. This increase in reimbursement rate would incentivize NPs to practice in primary care settings where there is a shortage, leading to better patient outcomes.
Researchers found that nematic regions can be suppressed by structural disorder, particularly at the transition point of electronic nematicity. This phenomenon may indicate a hidden quantum critical point in the material.
Researchers warn that biological controls have failed to stop the spread of coconut rhinoceros beetles in Pacific islands, putting Australian gardens and industry at risk. The beetles' population genetics reveal multiple virus variations, complicating control efforts and highlighting the need for urgent research.
A new study reveals that coronaviruses induce substantial apoptosis in host cells, enabling their internal spread. Targeting this process with PERK inhibitors reduces viral pathogenesis and lung damage.
Researchers developed a new transparent material that captures and removes droplets and aerosols from indoor air, effectively eliminating potential sources of transmission. The coating can be applied to various surfaces and is compatible with antiviral materials.
A recent study published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology found that BAT's modern oral nicotine pouches have a comparable toxicant profile to NRTs, with significantly lower levels of toxicants than traditional oral snus. The study suggests that MO products should be placed close to NRTs on the reduced-risk product continuum.
A study published in Scientific Reports demonstrates the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to track the elimination of plastic particles from the bodies of mice. The research reveals that most small plastic particles are eliminated within two days, with smaller particles cleared faster than larger ones.
A new study reveals that current vaccines may lack essential viral material to trigger a holistic immune response in humans. The researchers identified 25% of viral protein fragments that trigger the immune system, which could lead to more effective and powerful vaccines.
A recent study found that adults with early-onset colorectal cancer (diagnosed before age 50) have significantly better survival rates than those diagnosed later in life. The research used data from the National Cancer Database and found a significant difference in survival rates between the two groups.
Correlated errors in quantum computers indicate a problem that must be acknowledged and addressed for fault-tolerant development. The study suggests that simple design changes can mitigate local effects, but the bigger concern is what could happen next.
A field experiment involving 100 students showed that soft smartphone bans can increase efficiency for standard routine tasks, but have no notable impact on more complex tasks. The success of soft bans also depends on employees' perceptions of social norms and freedom of choice.
A new project will develop novel tools and capacities to understand and manage interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), supporting sustainable development pathways for African countries. The project will analyze multi-level governance structures and path dependencies to identify impediments and enablers to sustai...
Researchers found that individuals with a strong sense of purpose in life were less lonely and more willing to engage in COVID-19 protective behaviors. Despite feelings of loneliness, those with a higher sense of purpose expressed stronger beliefs in the effectiveness of prevention measures.
Researchers from King's College London have identified potential modifications to Lateral Flow Devices that can improve their sensitivity and accuracy. The study found that the technology behind the devices is highly accurate but faces limitations in read-out technology.
A team of researchers created particles with an off-center core that can be tracked under a microscope to study rotational dynamics. Their findings show that neighboring spheres rotate coupled and move in opposite directions, like meshed gears, and that there is a relationship between local crystallinity and rotational diffusivity.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered industrial chemicals in the organs of fetuses conceived decades after many countries banned the substances. The study found that 15 out of 22 persistent organic pollutants were present in every organ, with four chemicals detected in all tissues in all fetuses.
SUTD researchers have developed a technology that tracks the impact of pollutants on aquatic microorganisms, measuring their swimming speed and movement within minutes. This method allows for rapid assessment of water quality and drinkability, making it suitable for underdeveloped regions without specialized equipment or chemicals.
New research suggests the UK's pandemic planning was limited by an outdated modelling structure, highlighting the need for a more holistic approach to decision-making. Professor Ashraf Labib proposes a hybrid model combining resilience triangle and bowtie modelling with five guiding principles to enhance public policy decisions.
US sex trafficking survivors experience difficulties building parenting confidence and exhibiting emotional withdrawal, impacting their ability to be protective parents. The study highlights the need for targeted support to help these individuals overcome challenges in motherhood.
Researchers have developed an artificial skin that senses force through ionic signals and changes color from yellow to purple when damaged, mimicking human bruising. This innovation opens up new opportunities for detecting damage in prosthetic devices and robotics.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a new method to study conjugated polymers, allowing them to measure individual molecules' mechanical and kinetic properties. This breakthrough could enable the creation of more flexible and robust soft electronic materials.
A proposed project aims to detect seismic faults and fractures using 3D imaging to reduce the risk of injecting carbon dioxide. By imaging small-scale fractures, it's possible to estimate fluid leakage pathways.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have developed a graphene-based sensor that can detect SARS-CoV-2 virus in laboratory experiments. The sensor uses atomic-level vibrations to identify COVID-positive samples, with results evident in under five minutes.
A recent study found that cannabis use during adolescence is associated with reduced thickness in certain brain areas, according to researchers at the University of Vermont. The study used magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain structure and suggest a possible link between early cannabis use and neurodevelopmental changes.
A new bioactive packaging film made of chitosan, essential oils and nanoparticles can keep strawberries fresh for up to 12 days. The film has been tested against several types of pathogens, including Aspergillus niger, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella Typhimurium.
A case study presented ST-segment depression in leads I and aVL, which was resolved after 30 minutes due to high-frequency noise. The patient had no regional wall motion abnormalities or coronary stenosis, suggesting artifactual changes rather than pathophysiological findings.
Researchers discovered that plants use combined control of cytokinin and auxin to organize DNA damage responses, allowing continuous root growth. The study reveals a sophisticated way for plants to retain stem cells while maintaining their genomes in damaged plants.
Key findings suggest PHA's rapid biodegradability is overstated in real-world conditions, but it remains a better alternative to non-biodegradable plastics. Several companies are planning to switch their packaging to PHA-based materials soon.
Thirty state-of-the-art IPCC-climate models predict varying climates for Europe due to differing simulations of North Atlantic ocean currents. The analysis highlights the importance of incorporating ocean circulation into climate models, suggesting that uncertainties in predictions may be largely dependent on changes to this circulation.
Researchers develop a new method for reducing X-ray exposure during coronary angiography procedures by applying video interpolation techniques to frame rates. The approach uses a dataset of 95,039 images and achieves significant reductions in X-ray exposure frequency.
A study of 614 children found that corticosteroids reduced inflammation levels by half within a day, with similar recovery rates to immunoglobulin treatments. Corticosteroids may be a cheaper alternative to immunoglobulin, which is in short supply and expensive.
Researchers found that online mental health intervention improved anxiety and depression in people with scleroderma, a disease causing skin and connective tissue tightening. The four-week program offered group mental health intervention from trained peer support leaders, resulting in significant improvements six weeks later.
Dr. Anna M. Sawka, a renowned Clinician Scientist and Endocrinologist, has been appointed the next Editor-in-Chief of Thyroid, the Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association. She will lead the journal in advancing scientific publication in the field of Thyroidology.
Researchers at UMSOM aim to expand genetic databases to include under-represented minority populations, improving polygenic risk score accuracy for clinical use. The goal is to identify best practices for translating scores into clinical practice across diverse populations.
Quantum nonlocality is a universal property that prevails regardless of particle speed or indeterminacy. Researchers designed an experiment to test this phenomenon, using the principle of physical phenomena being independent of frame of reference, to prove nonlocality for any quantum particle.
Researchers at Université de Genève and University of Basel study the structure of cellular receptors and molecules that activate immune cells. They discovered a 'lock and key' mechanism involving specific amino acids in chemokine structures, allowing for fine-tuning of immune system activation.
A new noninvasive biomarker, thrombospondin-2, can identify patients at risk of NAFLD complications using a simple blood test. The biomarker was found to parallel clinical indicators used to categorize pathological changes in liver cells.
A $1 million grant will be used to develop fluorochemical dispersants, known as FTags, which coat proteins in vaccine liquids to stabilize them thermally. This technology aims to eliminate the need for refrigerated supply chains and ensure vaccines can be transported at elevated temperatures.
A team of UK scientists has confirmed a decades-long theoretical prediction about gamma-ray bursts. They measured the magnetic field in a far-off Gamma-Ray Burst and found it was scrambled after the ejected material crashed into, and shocked, the surrounding medium. This discovery sheds new light on these extreme cosmic blasts.
Researchers found evidence of massive icebergs drifting from Northeast Canada to southern Florida using high-resolution seafloor mapping and radiocarbon dating. The discovery provides insight into the interactions between icebergs/glaciers and climate, shedding light on how past changes in freshwater forcing influenced shifts in climate.
A large-scale survey found that both Europeans and Australians are highly concerned about the human health impact of marine plastic pollution, ranking it as a top threat. The study suggests a need for more research into the potential impacts on human health to inform policy and decision-making.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered over three dozen new ambrosia beetle species previously unknown to science. These beetles are named after female science fiction characters, such as Nyota Uhura and Katniss Everdeen, highlighting the importance of biodiversity classification.
A study by University of Iowa researchers found that human infants exhibit increased twitching during quiet sleep, which is synchronized with brain oscillations called sleep spindles. This discovery suggests that babies are learning about their bodies through twitching during a previously thought to be inactive period.
Researchers have visualized the structure of the MFSD2A transporter protein, which allows omega-3s to enter the brain. The study provides insight into how this protein can be used to design drugs that mimic omega-3s and hijack the system for neurological treatment.
Skoltech researchers have successfully created stable giant vortices in polariton condensates, addressing a known challenge in fluid dynamics. This breakthrough opens possibilities for uniquely structured coherent light sources and exploring many-body physics under extreme conditions.
Researchers discovered an asymmetrical behavior in isogamous yeast, where MATa cells exhibit exploratory search and MATα cells display short-range gradient sensing. This finding challenges previous assumptions on the evolutionary origins of sexual dimorphism.
Researchers found a correlation between inflammatory profile and cannabis use on a daily basis or during adolescence, increasing the odds of suffering from a psychotic disorder. Immune system dysfunction can modify the association between cannabis use and psychosis.
Researchers developed immune cell-mimicking nanoparticles that target inflammation in the lungs and deliver drugs directly where needed. The study showed complete treatment of inflammation in mice, at a drug concentration where standard delivery methods were ineffective.
Researchers used computer modelling to simulate bears' journeys in Whistler, identifying anthropogenic food as a major attractant. The study found that reducing attractants is more effective than reactive management strategies, and can be applied to communities across Canada
Researchers at Texas A&M University used machine learning to evaluate metallic nanoparticles' susceptibility for plant uptake. The algorithm indicates how much plants accumulate nanoparticles in their roots and shoots, providing a safer approach to nanotechnology in agriculture.
A new study found that young Weddell seals prioritize learning to swim and navigate over foraging while still dependent on their mothers. This behavior is crucial for survival, as these seals need to find breathing holes in icy waters.
The University of Toledo has received a three-year $500,000 grant from the USDA to develop tools for selecting bulls with superior fertility. The project aims to reduce dairy production costs and advance ongoing human fertility research by identifying atypical centrioles in bull sperm.
Biologists studied the impact of environmental factors on ultrathin nanofibers of biopolymers, finding that water absorption depends on polymer structure. The results show that biodegradable nanofibers with a crystalline structure are more resistant to decomposition by water and ozone.
Despite miniature brain size, baby orb weavers can create complex webs identical to those of adults. The study suggests flexibility in spider behavior despite neurological limitations.
A study found that receiving the Moderna vaccine reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection rates among health care workers, beginning eight days after the first dose. The vaccine's efficacy in preventing infections was demonstrated through this association.
A new study from the University of Utah reveals that more bird species in the Philippines may be endangered than previously thought, including those yet to be discovered. The research identifies key traits that make certain species more at risk of extinction, such as narrow elevation ranges and dependence on forests.
A study of 18 bat species in Switzerland revealed 39 different viral families, with 16 infecting vertebrates and potentially posing a risk to humans. A near-complete genome of an MERS-CoV-related virus was also identified, highlighting the need for continued monitoring of viruses carried by bats.
A research team found that the GEA-1 algorithm, used in mobile phones since the 1990s, is easy to break and likely a deliberate weak encryption. The vulnerability no longer poses a significant threat to users, as most data traffic now uses more secure networks.
Researchers found that bacteria can break down up to 82% of contaminated soil in five years through the landfarming method, a new approach for Arctic regions. The study demonstrates the potential of naturally occurring bacteria to remediate diesel pollution at abandoned military installations.
Researchers found that COVID-19 'immunity passports' decrease people's willingness to follow social distancing and face covering guidelines. However, cautious information about immunity reverses this effect.